PW289 Anthocyanins Extracted From Lycium Ruthenicum Murray Alleciate Cardiac Cardiomyopathy In Experimental Diabetic Rats

Anthocyanins from the fruits of Lycium ruthenicum Murray improve high-fat diet-induced insulin resistance by ameliorating inflammation and oxidative stress in mice

A high-fat diet (HFD) promotes tissue inflammation, oxidative stress and insulin resistance (IR), thereby contributing to the development of obesity and diabetes. Anthocyanins from Lycium ruthenicum (AC) have demonstrated anti-obesity effects and modulated IR. To investigate the mechanism by which AC attenuates the adverse effects of consuming a HFD, C57BL/6J mice were fed a HFD supplemented with AC or a control diet without AC for 12 weeks. AC supplementation decreased the amount of weight gain, hepatic lipid, and sequentially improved dyslipidemia, inflammation, oxidative stress, and IR in HFD-fed mice. Molecular data revealed that AC inhibited hepatic inflammation by reducing TLR4/NF-κB/JNK in the liver tissues and ameliorated oxidative stress by activating the Nrf2/HO-1/NQO1 pathway. Thus, AC might activate IRS-1/AKT and prevent HFD-induced gluconeogenesis and IR by ameliorating inflammation and oxidative stress. Modulation of inflammation and oxidative stress with AC may represent a promising target for the treatment of IR and provide insight into the mechanism by which AC protects against obesity.

Transcriptome and Flavonoids Metabolomic Analysis Identifies Regulatory Networks and Hub Genes in Black and White Fruits of Lycium ruthenicum Murray

Lycium ruthenicum Murry. is a highly nutritional cash crop due to its fruit abundant anthocyanins. To understand the complex metabolic networks underlying the color formation in black and white fruits of L. ruthenicum, we conducted transcriptome and flavonoid metabolic profiling to identify the candidate genes possibly involved in flavonoid biosynthesis. As a result, 147 flavonoids were identified and there was almost no anthocyanin in white fruits, while luteolin, kaempferol, and quercetin derivatives showed markedly higher abundance. Furthermore, applying weighted gene co-expression network analyses, 3 MYB, 2 bHLH, 1WRKY and 1 NAC transcription factor, associated with anthocyanin biosynthesis were identified. A bHLH transcription factor, LrAN1b showed the greatest correlations with anthocyanin accumulation with no expression in white fruits. In addition, gene function analysis and qRT-PCR experiments identified a new activated anthocyanin MYB transcription factor designed as LrAN2-like. Yeast two-hybrid and transient tobacco overexpression experiments showed that LrAN1b could interact with LrAN2-like and LrAN11 to form MBW complex to activate the anthocyanin pathway. The yeast one-hybrid experiment indicated that LrAN2-like bonded anthocyanin structural gene LrDFR and LrANS promoters. Heterologous expression of LrAN1b in tobacco can significantly increase the anthocyanin content of tobacco florals and capsules, and activate anthocyanin synthesis related genes. Taken together, an anthocyanin regulatory network model in L. ruthenicum fruit was proposed firstly and we speculate that the white fruit phenotype was due to abnormal expression of LrAN1b. The findings provide new insight into the underlying mechanism of flavonoids, laying the foundation for future functional and molecular biological research in L. ruthenicum.