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Sonntag SJ, Meyns B, Ahn HC, Pahlm F, Hellers G, Najar A, Pieper IL. Virtual implantations to transition from porcine to bovine animal models for a total artificial heart. Artif Organs 2019; 44:384-393. [PMID: 31596507 DOI: 10.1111/aor.13578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2019] [Revised: 09/27/2019] [Accepted: 09/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Realheart total artificial heart (TAH) is a novel, pulsatile, four-chamber total artificial heart which had been successfully tested acutely in a porcine animal model. However, the bovine model is better suited for long-term testing and thus an evaluation of how the design would fit the bovine anatomy was required. Virtual implantation is a method that enables a computer simulated implantation based on anatomical 3D-models created from computer tomography images. This method is used clinically, but not yet adopted for animal studies. Herein, we evaluated its suitability in the redesign of the outer dimensions and vessel connections of Realheart TAH to transition from the porcine to the bovine animal model. Virtual implantations in combination with bovine cadaver studies enabled a series of successful acute bovine implantations. Virtual implantations are a useful tool to replace the use of animals in early device development and refine subsequent necessary in vivo experiments. The next steps are to carry out human virtual implantations and cadaver studies to ensure the design is optimized for all stages of testing as well as the final recipient.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon J Sonntag
- Virtonomy.io, Munich, Germany.,enmodes GmbH, Aachen, Germany
| | - Bart Meyns
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Katholieke Universiteit (KU) Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.,Department of Cardiac Surgery, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Henrik C Ahn
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medical and Health Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden.,Department of Thoracic and Vascular Surgery, Heart and Medicine Center, Linköping, Sweden
| | | | | | - Azad Najar
- R&D, Scandinavian Real Heart AB, Västerås, Sweden.,Region Västmanland, Västmanlands sjukhus, Västerås, Sweden
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Pieper IL, Sonntag SJ, Meyns B, Hadi H, Najar A. Evaluation of the novel total artificial heart Realheart in a pilot human fitting study. Artif Organs 2019; 44:174-177. [PMID: 31339577 DOI: 10.1111/aor.13542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2019] [Accepted: 07/15/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Heart failure affects >26 million patients worldwide. Current cardiac devices save lives, but patients suffer complications. Hence, improved devices are needed. Realheart TAH is a novel total artificial heart which has shown promising results in acute pig studies. However, the device design needed to be evaluated in humans. Virtual implantations demonstrated the device fits in two of three patients, but that there was some interference with the left lung. Herein, we used an innovative 3D-printed model with swivelling device components to test the device in human cadavers. Our new method demonstrated how to optimize design to improve the surgical fit.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Bart Meyns
- Kardiale Heilkunde, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Belgium
| | | | - Azad Najar
- R&D, Scandinavian Real Heart AB, Västerås, Sweden.,Region Västmanland, Västmanlands sjukhus, Västerås, Sweden
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Alcaraz JP, Cinquin P, Martin DK. Tackling the Concept of Symbiotic Implantable Medical Devices with Nanobiotechnologies. Biotechnol J 2018; 13:e1800102. [PMID: 30367543 DOI: 10.1002/biot.201800102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2018] [Revised: 09/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
This review takes an approach to implanted medical devices that considers whether the intention of the implanted device is to have any communication of energy or materials with the body. The first part describes some specific examples of three different classes of implants, analyzed with regards to the type of signal sent to cells. Through several examples, the authors describe that a one way signaling to the body leads to encapsulation or degradation. In most cases, those phenomena do not lead to major problems. However, encapsulation or degradation are critical for new kinds of medical devices capable of duplex communication, which are defined in this review as symbiotic devices. The concept the authors propose is that implanted medical devices that need to be symbiotic with the body also need to be designed with an intended duplex communication of energy and materials with the body. This extends the definition of a biocompatible system to one that requires stable exchange of materials between the implanted device and the body. Having this novel concept in mind will guide research in a new field between medical implant and regenerative medicine to create actual symbiotic devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean-Pierre Alcaraz
- Univverity Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, Grenoble INP, TIMC-IMAG, F-38000 Grenoble, France.,SyNaBi, Pavillon Taillefer, Domaine de la Merci, La Tronche 38706, Grenoble, France
| | - Philippe Cinquin
- Univverity Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, Grenoble INP, TIMC-IMAG, F-38000 Grenoble, France.,SyNaBi, Pavillon Taillefer, Domaine de la Merci, La Tronche 38706, Grenoble, France
| | - Donald K Martin
- Univverity Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, Grenoble INP, TIMC-IMAG, F-38000 Grenoble, France.,SyNaBi, Pavillon Taillefer, Domaine de la Merci, La Tronche 38706, Grenoble, France
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