Chemical reactivity and bioactivity properties of pyrazinamide analogs of acetylsalicylic acid and salicylic acid using conceptual density functional theory

Novel functionalized benzimidazole-salicylic acid derivatives: synthesis, photophysical characteristics and biological applications

Although the benzimidazole moiety is a versatile heterocyclic unit that has been widely applied in optical materials and medicinal chemistry, there are few bifunctional small-molecule benzimidazole derivatives with bio-activity and fluorescence. In this work, a series of novel benzimidazole-salicylic acid molecules were designed and synthesized; their optical properties were evaluated and their potential biological application was explored. The representative compound 5q exhibited excellent fluorescence properties, displaying blue imaging in HeLa cells and zebrafish. Additionally, it exhibited high selectivity for Fe3+ ions and demonstrated a notable inhibitory activity with IC50 = 6.86 ± 2.82 μM against SHP1PTP. Further effort was applied to explore the potential capability of compound 5q to reactivate the activity of SHP1 when inhibited by Fe3+ ions, indicating that compound 5q could be a fluorescent modulator to adjust SHP1 enzyme activity in biological systems.

Thermodynamic and Structural Characterization of a Mechanochemically Synthesized Pyrazinamide-Acetylsalicylic-Acid Eutectic Mixture

Background/Objectives: This study aims to develop a sustainable and environmentally friendly drug delivery system by synthesizing a novel drug-drug eutectic mixture (DDEM) of acetylsalicylic acid (ASA) and pyrazinamide (PZA) using a green and efficient mechanochemical approach. Methods: The DDEM was characterized using various techniques, including differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), thermogravimetry and differential thermal analysis (TG-DTA), powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), and Raman spectroscopy. Binary phase diagrams and Tammann's triangle analysis determined the eutectic point. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations were performed on the starting compounds. The new system was evaluated for aqueous solubility, dissolution, and hygroscopicity. Results: A V-shaped binary phase diagram indicated the formation of a DDEM with a 2:1 molar ratio of ASA to PZA. A positive mixing enthalpy suggested a quasi-eutectic structure. The solubility of ASA and PZA increased by 61.5% and 85.8%, respectively, in the DDEM compared to the pure drugs. Conclusions: These findings highlight the potential of DDEMs to enhance drug properties and delivery. The synergistic interaction between ASA and PZA in the eutectic mixture may further improve therapeutic efficacy, warranting further investigation.

Novel imidazo[1,2,4] triazole derivatives: Synthesis, fluorescence, bioactivity for SHP1

The Src homology 2 domain-containing protein tyrosine phosphatase 1 (SHP1) is a convergent node for oncogenic cell-signaling cascades. Consequently, SHP1 represents a potential target for drug development in cancer treatment. The development of efficient methods for rapidly tracing and modulating the SHP1 activity in complex biological systems is of considerable significance for advancing the integration of diagnosis and treatment of the related disease. Thus, we designed and synthesized a series of imidazo[1,2,4] triazole derivatives containing salicylic acid to explore novel scaffolds with inhibitory activities and good fluorescence properties for SHP1. The photophysical properties and inhibitory activities of these imidazo[1,2,4] triazole derivatives (5a-5y) against SHP1PTP were thoroughly studied from the theoretical simulation and experimental application aspects. The representative compound 5p exhibited remarkable fluorescence response (P: 0.002) with fluorescence quantum yield (QY) of 0.37 and inhibitory rate of 85.21 ± 5.17% against SHP1PTP at the concentration of 100 μM. Furthermore, compound 5p showed obvious aggregation caused quenching (ACQ) effect and had high selectivity for Fe3+ ions, good anti-interference and relatively low detection limit (5.55 μM). Finally, the cellular imaging test of compound 5p also exhibited good biocompatibility and certain potential biological imaging application. This study provides a potential way to develop molecules with fluorescent properties and bioactivities for SHP1.

Insight into the corrosion inhibiting potential and anticancer activity of 1-(4-methoxyphenyl)-5-methyl-N'-(2-oxoindolin-3-ylidene)-1H-1,2,3-triazole-4-carbohydrazide via computational approaches

Cancer is a major health concern globally. Orthodox and traditional medicine have actively been explored to manage this disease. Also, corrosion is a natural catastrophe that weakens and deteriorates metallic structures and their alloys causing major structural failures and severe economic implications. Designing and exploring multi-functional materials are beneficial since they are adaptive to different fields including engineering and pharmaceutics. In this study, we examined the anti-corrosion and anti-cancer potentials of 1-(4-methoxyphenyl)-5-methyl-N'-(2-oxoindolin-3-ylidene)-1H-1,2,3-triazole-4-carbohydrazide (MAC) using computational approaches. The molecular reactivity descriptors and charge distribution parameters of MAC were studied in gas and water at density functional theory (DFT) at B3LYP/6-311++G(d,p) theory level. The binding and mechanism of interaction between MAC and iron surface was studied using Monte Carlo (MC) and molecular dynamics (MD) simulation in hydrochloric acid medium. From the DFT, MC, and MD simulations, it was observed that MAC interacted spontaneously with iron surface essentially via van der Waal and electrostatic interactions. The near-parallel alignment of the corrosion inhibitor on iron plane facilitates its adsorption and isolation of the metal surface from the acidic solution. Further, the compound was docked in the binding pocket of anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK: 4FNZ) protein to assess its anti-cancer potential. The binding score, pharmacokinetics, and drug-likeness of MAC were compared with the reference drug (Crizotinib). The MAC displayed binding scores of -5.729 kcal/mol while Crizotinib has -3.904 kcal/mol. MD simulation of the complexes revealed that MAC is more stable and exhibits more favourable hydrogen bonding with the ALK receptor's active site than Crizotinib.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.