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Bergmann F, Stadlmayr S, Millesi F, Zeitlinger M, Naghilou A, Radtke C. The properties of native Trichonephila dragline silk and its biomedical applications. BIOMATERIALS ADVANCES 2022; 140:213089. [PMID: 36037764 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioadv.2022.213089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2022] [Revised: 08/17/2022] [Accepted: 08/19/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Spider silk has fascinated mankind for millennia, but it is only in recent decades that scientific research has begun to unravel all its characteristics and applications. The uniqueness of spider silk resides in its versatility, in which a combination of high strength and extensibility results in extraordinary toughness, superior to almost all natural and man-made fibers. Dragline silk consists of proteins with highly repetitive amino acid sequences, which have been correlated with specific secondary structures responsible for its physical properties. The native fiber also shows high cytocompatibility coupled with low immunogenicity, making it a promising natural biomaterial for numerous biomedical applications. Recently, novel technologies have enabled new insights into the material and biomedical properties of silk. Due to the increasing interest in spider silk, as well as the desire to produce synthetic alternatives, we present an update on the current knowledge of silk fibers produced by the spider genus Trichonephila.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felix Bergmann
- Department of Plastic, Reconstructive, and Aesthetic Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria; Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Sarah Stadlmayr
- Department of Plastic, Reconstructive, and Aesthetic Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria; Austrian Cluster for Tissue Regeneration, Vienna, Austria
| | - Flavia Millesi
- Department of Plastic, Reconstructive, and Aesthetic Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria; Austrian Cluster for Tissue Regeneration, Vienna, Austria
| | - Markus Zeitlinger
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Aida Naghilou
- Department of Plastic, Reconstructive, and Aesthetic Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria; Austrian Cluster for Tissue Regeneration, Vienna, Austria.
| | - Christine Radtke
- Department of Plastic, Reconstructive, and Aesthetic Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria; Austrian Cluster for Tissue Regeneration, Vienna, Austria
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Amara AAAF. Natural Polymer Types and Applications. BIOMOLECULES FROM NATURAL SOURCES 2022:31-81. [DOI: 10.1002/9781119769620.ch2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
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