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Nonthapa A, Iwai CB, Chankaew S, Falab S. Dual-Purpose Vermicompost for the Growth Promotion and Suppression of Damping-Off Disease on Potted Vegetable Soybean. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 13:1607. [PMID: 38931039 PMCID: PMC11207718 DOI: 10.3390/plants13121607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2024] [Revised: 06/07/2024] [Accepted: 06/08/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024]
Abstract
Vermicompost is applied as a soil amendment to promote plant growth and yield. It also helps to significantly reduce the incidence of soil-borne diseases. However, its efficiency depends on the type of earthworm from which it is formed. The current study aims to compare the effects of two vermicompost types derived from African nightcrawler (AF) and Tiger worm (TG) as a soil amendment to evaluate its potential for suppressing damping-off disease both in vitro and in vivo. It also aims to determine the effects of both vermicompost types on the growth and yield-related traits of potted Thai vegetable soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merrill] variety "Chiang Mai 84-2" grown under greenhouse conditions when amended to the soil at various application rates (1%, 2%, 3% w/w). AF vermicompost exhibited better suppression of damping-off disease than TG vermicompost in vitro and under greenhouse conditions. AF vermicompost performed significantly greater suppressive efficacy on the mycelial growth of Athelia rolfsii in vitro than TG vermicompost, indicated by 50% and 16% inhibition, respectively. Damping-off incidence on vegetable soybean seedlings grown in soil amended with AF vermicompost was significantly lower (21%) than in soil amended with TG vermicompost (32%) under greenhouse conditions. With an increased application rate of 1% to 2% or 3% for each vermicompost type, plant yields significantly enhanced, with no significant variations among the 2% and 3% rates. Applying vermicompost at 2% w/w through soil amendment was the appropriate rate for promoting the growth and yield of potted vegetable soybeans. The results can be used to guide the application of vermicompost to control soil-borne plant diseases, promote plant growth, and enhance yields, especially in terms of organic crop production. Further research is needed to evaluate its potential for other potted crops and protect against soil-borne diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alongkorn Nonthapa
- Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology, Faculty of Agriculture, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand;
| | - Chuleemas Boonthai Iwai
- Department of Soil Science and Environment, Faculty of Agriculture, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand
- Integrated Land and Water Resource Management Research and Development Center in Northeast Thailand, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand
| | - Sompong Chankaew
- Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand;
- Plant Breeding Research Center for Sustainable Agriculture, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand
| | - Shanerin Falab
- Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology, Faculty of Agriculture, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand;
- Plant Breeding Research Center for Sustainable Agriculture, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand
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Reid G. A value chain to improve human, animal and insect health in developing countries. MICROBIOME RESEARCH REPORTS 2023; 3:10. [PMID: 38455087 PMCID: PMC10917616 DOI: 10.20517/mrr.2023.46] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2023] [Revised: 11/30/2023] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 03/09/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Gregor Reid
- Canadian R&D Centre for Human Microbiome and Probiotics, Lawson Health Research Institute, London N6A 4V2, Ontario, Canada
- Departments of Microbiology and Immunology, and Surgery, Western University, London N6A 4V2, Ontario, Canada
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Tie HO, Che Man H, Koyama M, Syukri F, Md Yusoff F, Toda T, Nakasaki K, Mohamed Ramli N. The effect of calcium hydroxide addition on enhancing ammonia recovery during thermophilic composting in a self-heated pilot-scale reactor. WASTE MANAGEMENT (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2023; 166:194-202. [PMID: 37178588 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2023.04.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2023] [Revised: 03/30/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
A modified outdoor large-scale nutrient recycling system was developed to compost organic sludge and aimed to recover clean nitrogen for the cultivation of high-value-added microalgae. This study investigated the effect of calcium hydroxide addition on enhancing NH3 recovery in a pilot-scale reactor self-heated by metabolic heat of microorganisms during thermophilic composting of dewatered cow dung. 350 kg-ww of compost was prepared at the ratio of 5: 14: 1 (dewatered cowdung: rice husk: compost-seed) in a 4 m3 cylindrical rotary drum composting reactor for 14 days of aerated composting. High compost temperature up to 67 °C was observed from day 1 of composting, proving that thermophilic composting was achieved through the self-heating process. The temperature of compost increases as microbial activity increases and temperature decreases as organic matter decreases. The high CO2 evolution rate on day 0-2 (0.02-0.08 mol/min) indicated that microorganisms are most active in degrading organic matter. The increasing conversion of carbon demonstrated that organic carbon was degraded by microbial activity and emitted as CO2. The nitrogen mass balance revealed that adding calcium hydroxide to the compost and increasing the aeration rate on day 3 volatilized 9.83 % of the remaining ammonium ions in the compost, thereby improving the ammonia recovery. Moreover, Geobacillus was found to be the most dominant bacteria under elevated temperature that functions in the hydrolysis of non-dissolved nitrogen for better NH3 recovery. The presented results show that by thermophilic composting 1 ton-ds of dewatered cowdung for NH3 recovery, up to 11.54 kg-ds of microalgae can be produced.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hieng Ong Tie
- Department of Biological and Agricultural Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Hasfalina Che Man
- Department of Biological and Agricultural Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia; The International Institute of Aquaculture and Aquatic Sciences (I-AQUAS), Universiti Putra Malaysia, 71050 Port Dickson, Negeri Sembilan, Malaysia.
| | - Mitsuhiko Koyama
- School of Environment and Society, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 2-12-1 Ookayama, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 152-8550, Japan
| | - Fadhil Syukri
- Department of Aquaculture, Faculty of Agriculture, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia; The International Institute of Aquaculture and Aquatic Sciences (I-AQUAS), Universiti Putra Malaysia, 71050 Port Dickson, Negeri Sembilan, Malaysia
| | - Fatimah Md Yusoff
- Department of Aquaculture, Faculty of Agriculture, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia; The International Institute of Aquaculture and Aquatic Sciences (I-AQUAS), Universiti Putra Malaysia, 71050 Port Dickson, Negeri Sembilan, Malaysia
| | - Tatsuki Toda
- Faculty of Science and Engineering, Soka University, 1-236 Tangi-machi, Tokyo 192-8577, Japan
| | - Kiyohiko Nakasaki
- School of Environment and Society, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 2-12-1 Ookayama, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 152-8550, Japan
| | - Norulhuda Mohamed Ramli
- Department of Biological and Agricultural Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia; The International Institute of Aquaculture and Aquatic Sciences (I-AQUAS), Universiti Putra Malaysia, 71050 Port Dickson, Negeri Sembilan, Malaysia
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Baghaie A. Effect of iron slag, zeolite, and Piriformospora indica fungus on mazut biodegradation in a heavy metal-polluted soil that was amended with cow manure under canola cultivation. INTERNATIONAL ARCHIVES OF HEALTH SCIENCES 2022. [DOI: 10.4103/iahs.iahs_178_21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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Prasad A, Kothari N. Cow products: boon to human health and food security. Trop Anim Health Prod 2021; 54:12. [PMID: 34894304 PMCID: PMC8665701 DOI: 10.1007/s11250-021-03014-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2021] [Accepted: 12/03/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
The world population exceeded 7.8 billion people in 2020 and is predicted to reach 9.9 billion by 2050 as per the current increasing rate of 25%. In view of this, ensuring human health and food security has become an issue of key importance to countries with different degrees of economic development. At the same time, the livestock sector plays a strategic role in improving the economic, environmental, and sociocultural stewardship of any nation. The cow (Bos indicus) has held a distinctive role in human history ever since its domestication because of its valued harvests like dairy products (milk, clarified butter, yogurt, curd, and buttermilk) excreta like dung and urine. These products, except dung, provide all the necessary energy and nutrients to ensure the proper growth and development of the human. They are the source of many bioactive substances, which possess immense pharmacotherapeutic action against various physiological, metabolic and infectious disorders, including COVID-19. The use of urine and dung can be considered a low-cost agricultural practice for farmers and has been extensively used in modern agriculture practices to ensure food security via soil fertility, plant pathogens, and pests. Cow urine mediated synthesized nanomaterial also display distinctive characteristics and novel applications in various fields of science and technology. Thus, this paper aims to provide a comprehensive overview of cow products, describing their biochemical constituents, bioactivities, and their utilization in the area ranging from human welfare to agriculture sustainability. An attempt is also made to present possible applications in bioenergy production and pollution reduction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arti Prasad
- Laboratory of Public Health Entomology, Department of Zoology, M. L. Sukhadia University, Udaipur, Rajasthan, India
| | - Naresh Kothari
- Laboratory of Public Health Entomology, Department of Zoology, M. L. Sukhadia University, Udaipur, Rajasthan, India.
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Gudeta K, Julka J, Kumar A, Bhagat A, Kumari A. Vermiwash: An agent of disease and pest control in soil, a review. Heliyon 2021; 7:e06434. [PMID: 33732941 PMCID: PMC7944038 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2021.e06434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2020] [Revised: 01/11/2021] [Accepted: 03/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Vermiwash is a liquid extract produced from vermicompost in a medium where earthworms are richly populated. It comprises a massive decomposer bacteria count, mucus, vitamins, different bioavailable minerals, hormones, enzymes, different antimicrobial peptides, etc. This paper aimed to assess how these natural products in vermiwash suppressed the pathogen and pests. Thus, we have reviewed the importance of vermiwash/vermicompost in disease control, the mechanism of disease suppression, the components of vermiwash applied in disease suppression, and pest control to use the scientific facts in agriculture to enhance the productivity of the crops. The bioactive macromolecules from the skin secretion of earthworm, coelomic fluid, and mucus directly able to defend pathogenic soil microbes against the worm and thereby freed the environment from the disease. Earthworms establish symbiotic relations with microbes, produce an essential product that supports the growth of plants, and suppress plant's root disease. It is recomended that earthworm should be inoculated in an agricultural field, or prepare and apply its vermiwash/vermicompost as a spray or as additive bio-fertilizer in the soil to enhance the productivities of the crops.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kasahun Gudeta
- Adama Science and Technology University, Department of Biology, P.O. Box 1888, Adama, Ethiopia
- Shoolini University Biotechnology and Management Sciences, School of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Solan 173212, Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - J.M. Julka
- Shoolini University Biotechnology and Management Sciences, School of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Solan 173212, Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - Arun Kumar
- Shoolini University Biotechnology and Management Sciences, School of Biotechnology, Solan 173212, Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - Ankeet Bhagat
- Department of Zoology, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, Punjab, 143005, India
| | - Amita Kumari
- Shoolini University Biotechnology and Management Sciences, School of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Solan 173212, Himachal Pradesh, India
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