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Abrofarakh M, Moghadam H, Abdulrahim HK. Investigation of direct contact membrane distillation (DCMD) performance using CFD and machine learning approaches. CHEMOSPHERE 2024; 357:141969. [PMID: 38604515 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2024.141969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2024] [Revised: 03/24/2024] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/13/2024]
Abstract
Direct Contact Membrane Distillation (DCMD) is emerging as an effective method for water desalination, known for its efficiency and adaptability. This study delves into the performance of DCMD by integrating two powerful analytical tools: Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) and Artificial Neural Networks (ANN). The research thoroughly examines the impact of various factors, such as inlet temperatures, velocities, channel heights, salt concentration, and membrane characteristics, on the process's efficiency, specifically calculating the water vapor flux. A rigorous validation of the CFD model aligns well with established studies, ensuring reliability. Subsequently, over 1000 data points reflecting variations in input factors are utilized to train and validate the ANN. The training phase demonstrated high accuracy, with near-zero mean squared errors and R2 values close to one, indicating a strong predictive capability. Further analysis post-ANN training shed light on key relationships: higher membrane porosity boosts water vapor flux, whereas thicker membranes reduce it. Additionally, it was detailed how salt concentration, channel dimensions, inlet temperatures, and velocities significantly influence the distillation process. Finally, a mathematical model was proposed for water vapor flux as a function of key input factors. The results highlighted that salt mole fraction and hot water inlet temperature have the most effect on the water vapor flux. This comprehensive investigation contributes to the understanding of DCMD and emphasizes the potential of combining CFD and ANN for optimizing and innovating water desalination technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moslem Abrofarakh
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Sistan and Baluchestan, Zahedan, Iran
| | - Hamid Moghadam
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Sistan and Baluchestan, Zahedan, Iran.
| | - Hassan K Abdulrahim
- Water Research Center (WRC), Kuwait Institute for Scientific Research (KISR), P.O. Box 24885, 13109, Safat, Kuwait
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2
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Tsokanas D, Aggelopoulos CA. Exploring the Synergistic Mechanisms of Nanopulsed Plasma Bubbles and Photocatalysts for Trimethoprim Degradation and Mineralization in Water. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 14:815. [PMID: 38786772 PMCID: PMC11123754 DOI: 10.3390/nano14100815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2024] [Revised: 04/26/2024] [Accepted: 05/02/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
In this study, the synergetic action of nanopulsed plasma bubbles (PBs) and photocatalysts for the degradation/mineralization of trimethoprim (TMP) in water was investigated. The effects of ZnO or TiO2 loading, plasma gas, and initial TMP concentration were evaluated. The physicochemical characterization of plasma-treated water, the quantification of plasma species, and the use of appropriate plasma species scavengers shed light on the plasma-catalytic mechanism. ZnO proved to be a superior catalyst compared to TiO2 when combined with plasma bubbles, mainly due to the increased production of ⋅OH and oxygen species resulting from the decomposition of O3. The air-PBs + ZnO system resulted in higher TMP degradation (i.e., 95% after 5 min of treatment) compared to the air-PBs + TiO2 system (i.e., 87%) and the PBs-alone process (83%). The plasma gas strongly influenced the process, with O2 resulting in the best performance and Ar being insufficient to drive the process. The synergy between air-PBs and ZnO was more profound (SF = 1.7), while ZnO also promoted the already high O2-plasma bubbles' performance, resulting in a high TOC removal rate (i.e., 71%). The electrical energy per order in the PBs + ZnO system was very low, ranging from 0.23 to 0.46 kWh/m3, depending on the plasma gas and initial TMP concentration. The study provides valuable insights into the rapid and cost-effective degradation of emerging contaminants like TMP and the plasma-catalytic mechanism of antibiotics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dimitris Tsokanas
- Laboratory of Cold Plasma and Advanced Techniques for Improving Environmental Systems, Institute of Chemical Engineering Sciences, Foundation for Research and Technology Hellas (FORTH/ICE-HT), 26504 Patras, Greece
- Chemistry Department, University of Patras, 26504 Patras, Greece
| | - Christos A. Aggelopoulos
- Laboratory of Cold Plasma and Advanced Techniques for Improving Environmental Systems, Institute of Chemical Engineering Sciences, Foundation for Research and Technology Hellas (FORTH/ICE-HT), 26504 Patras, Greece
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Wu D, Zou Y, Xiao J, Mo L, Lek S, Chen B, Fu Q, Guo Z. The spatiotemporal variations of microbial community in relation to water quality in a tropical drinking water reservoir, Southmost China. Front Microbiol 2024; 15:1354784. [PMID: 38770023 PMCID: PMC11102952 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2024.1354784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2024] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 05/22/2024] Open
Abstract
It is well-known that water quality has great significance on microbial community composition in aquatic environments. In this study, we detected water column indicates the microbial community composition of nine sampling sites over two seasons using Illumina TruSeq sequencing in Songtao Reservoir, Hainan Province, Southmost China. The study indicated that the dominant phylum was Actinobacteria, Proteobacteria, Bacteroidetes, and Cyanobacteria. The diversity parameters showed that the microbial community composition had significant spatiotemporal variations, including the significantly higher Shannon index and Simpson index upstream than those midstream and downstream. Besides, there were significantly higher Chao1 index, Shannon index, and Simpson index in winter than in summer. Principal coordinates analysis (PCoA) showed the microbial structural composition had significant seasonal differences. The results of microbial community composition further revealed that the eutrophication level upstream was higher than that of midstream and downstream. The redundancy analysis (RDA) diagram indicated that the abundance of microbiology species significantly correlated with temperature, total phosphorus, Se, and Ni. Furthermore, the mantel's test showed that the temperature and total phosphorus significantly affected the community composition of archaea and bacteria. Overall, our finding here partially validated our hypothesis that the spatiotemporal variations of microbial community composition are significantly related to nutrients, physicochemical factors and metals, which has been unknown previously in tropical drinking waterbodies. This study substantially contributed to understanding of the composition of microbial community in tropical drinking water reservoirs and the main environmental driving factors in tropical zones. It also provided a reference for the management of reservoir operation to ensure drinking water safe.
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Affiliation(s)
- Di Wu
- School of Life and Health Sciences, Key Laboratory of Tropical Biological Resources of Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea, Hainan University, Haikou, China
| | - Ying Zou
- School of Life and Health Sciences, Key Laboratory of Tropical Biological Resources of Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea, Hainan University, Haikou, China
| | - Juan Xiao
- School of Life and Health Sciences, Key Laboratory of Tropical Biological Resources of Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea, Hainan University, Haikou, China
| | - Ling Mo
- Institute of Environmental Sciences, Haikou, Hainan Province, China
| | - Sovan Lek
- School of Life and Health Sciences, Key Laboratory of Tropical Biological Resources of Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea, Hainan University, Haikou, China
- Laboratoire Evolution & Diversité Biologique, Université Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France
| | - Bo Chen
- National Health Commission of the People's Republic of China Key Laboratory of Control of Tropical Diseases Control, School of Tropical Medicine, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, Hainan, China
| | - Qiongyao Fu
- National Health Commission of the People's Republic of China Key Laboratory of Control of Tropical Diseases Control, School of Tropical Medicine, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, Hainan, China
| | - Zhiqiang Guo
- School of Life and Health Sciences, Key Laboratory of Tropical Biological Resources of Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea, Hainan University, Haikou, China
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Goi YK, Liang YY. Impact of temperature and forward osmosis membrane properties on the concentration polarization and specific energy consumption of hybrid desalination system. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2024; 31:32246-32263. [PMID: 38648004 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-024-33319-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2023] [Accepted: 04/10/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024]
Abstract
This study investigates how temperature and forward osmosis (FO) membrane properties, such as water permeability (A), solute permeability (B), and structural parameter (S), affect the specific energy consumption (SEC) of forward osmosis-reverse osmosis system. The results show that further SEC reduction beyond the water permeability of 3 LMH bar-1 is limited owing to high concentration polarization (CP). Increasing S by 10-fold increases FO recovery by 177.6%, causing SEC decreases by 33.6%. However, membrane with smaller S also increases external CP. To reduce SEC, future work should emphasize mixing strategies to reduce external CP. Furthermore, increasing the temperature from 10 to 40 °C can reduce SEC by 14.3%, highlighting the energy-saving potential of temperature-elevated systems. The factorial design indicates that at a lower temperature, increasing A and decreasing S have a more significant impact on reducing SEC. This underlines the importance of developing advanced FO membranes, particularly for lower-temperature processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Ken Goi
- Faculty of Chemical and Process Engineering Technology, Universiti Malaysia Pahang Al-Sultan Abdullah, Lebuh Persiaran Tun Khalil Yaakob, 26300, Kuantan, Pahang, Malaysia
| | - Yong Yeow Liang
- Faculty of Chemical and Process Engineering Technology, Universiti Malaysia Pahang Al-Sultan Abdullah, Lebuh Persiaran Tun Khalil Yaakob, 26300, Kuantan, Pahang, Malaysia.
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Li Z, Gao Q, Dong S, Dong K, Xu Y, Mei Y, Hou Z. Effects of Chronic Stress from High Stocking Density in Mariculture: Evaluations of Growth Performance and Lipid Metabolism of Rainbow Trout ( Oncorhychus mykiss). BIOLOGY 2024; 13:263. [PMID: 38666875 PMCID: PMC11048194 DOI: 10.3390/biology13040263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2024] [Revised: 04/02/2024] [Accepted: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024]
Abstract
(1) Background: In aquaculture, chronic stress due to high stocking density impairs animals' welfare and results in declined fishery production with low protein quality. However, most previous studies evaluated the effects of high stocking density on trout in freshwater rather than seawater. (2) Methods: Juvenile trout were reared for 84 days in circular tanks under three stocking densities, including low density ("LD", 9.15 kg/m3), moderate density ("MD", 13.65 kg/m3), and high density ("HD", 27.31 kg/m3) in seawater. The final densities of LD, MD, and HD were 22.00, 32.05 and 52.24 kg/m3, respectively. Growth performance and lipid metabolism were evaluated. (3) Results: Growth performance and feeding efficiency were significantly reduced due to chronic stress under high density in mariculture. The digestive activity of lipids was promoted in the gut of HD fish, while the concentration of triglycerides was decreased in the blood. Furthermore, decreased acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACC) and fatty acid synthase (FAS), increased hormone-sensitive lipase (HSL) concentrations, and activated hepatic β-oxidation processes were observed in trout under HD. Redundancy analysis showed that glycerol and HSL can be used as potential markers to evaluate the growth performance of trout in mariculture. (4) Conclusions: We showed that chronic high stocking density led to negative effects on growth performance, reduced de novo synthesis of fatty acids, and enhanced lipolysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhao Li
- Key Laboratory of Mariculture (Ocean University of China), Ministry of Education (KLMME), Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China; (Z.L.)
| | - Qinfeng Gao
- Key Laboratory of Mariculture (Ocean University of China), Ministry of Education (KLMME), Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China; (Z.L.)
- Function Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266100, China
| | - Shuanglin Dong
- Key Laboratory of Mariculture (Ocean University of China), Ministry of Education (KLMME), Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China; (Z.L.)
- Function Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266100, China
| | - Kang Dong
- Key Laboratory of Mariculture (Ocean University of China), Ministry of Education (KLMME), Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China; (Z.L.)
| | - Yuling Xu
- Key Laboratory of Mariculture (Ocean University of China), Ministry of Education (KLMME), Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China; (Z.L.)
| | - Yaoping Mei
- Key Laboratory of Mariculture (Ocean University of China), Ministry of Education (KLMME), Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China; (Z.L.)
| | - Zhishuai Hou
- Key Laboratory of Mariculture (Ocean University of China), Ministry of Education (KLMME), Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China; (Z.L.)
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Aquino M, Santoro S, Politano A, D’Andrea G, Siciliano A, Straface S, La Russa MF, Curcio E. Environmentally Friendly Photothermal Membranes for Halite Recovery from Reverse Osmosis Brine via Solar-Driven Membrane Crystallization. MEMBRANES 2024; 14:87. [PMID: 38668115 PMCID: PMC11052490 DOI: 10.3390/membranes14040087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2024] [Revised: 04/04/2024] [Accepted: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024]
Abstract
Modern society and industrial development rely heavily on the availability of freshwater and minerals. Seawater reverse osmosis (SWRO) has been widely adopted for freshwater supply, although many questions have arisen about its environmental sustainability owing to the disposal of hypersaline rejected solutions (brine). This scenario has accelerated significant developments towards the hybridization of SWRO with membrane distillation-crystallization (MD-MCr), which can extract water and minerals from spent brine. Nevertheless, the substantial specific energy consumption associated with MD-MCr remains a significant limitation. In this work, energy harvesting was secured from renewables by hotspots embodied in the membranes, implementing the revolutionary approach of brine mining via photothermal membrane crystallization (PhMCr). This method employs self-heating nanostructured interfaces under solar radiation to enhance water evaporation, creating a carefully controlled supersaturated environment responsible for the extraction of minerals. Photothermal mixed matrix photothermal membranes (MMMs) were developed by incorporating graphene oxide (GO) or carbon black (CB) into polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) solubilized in an eco-friendly solvent (i.e., triethyl phosphate (TEP)). MMMs were prepared using non-solvent-induced phase separation (NIPS). The effect of GO or GB on the morphology of MMMs and the photothermal behavior was examined. Light-to-heat conversion was used in PhMCr experiments to facilitate the evaporation of water from the SWRO brine to supersaturation, leading to sodium chloride (NaCl) nucleation and crystallization. Overall, the results indicate exciting perspectives of PhMCr in brine valorization for a sustainable desalination industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Aquino
- Department of Environmental Engineering, University of Calabria (DIAm-UNICAL), Via P. Bucci, CUBO 44/A, 87036 Rende, Italy; (M.A.); (G.D.); (A.S.); (S.S.); (E.C.)
| | - Sergio Santoro
- Department of Environmental Engineering, University of Calabria (DIAm-UNICAL), Via P. Bucci, CUBO 44/A, 87036 Rende, Italy; (M.A.); (G.D.); (A.S.); (S.S.); (E.C.)
| | - Antonio Politano
- Department of Physical and Chemical Sciences, University of L’Aquila, Via Vetoio, 67100 L’Aquila, Italy;
| | - Giuseppe D’Andrea
- Department of Environmental Engineering, University of Calabria (DIAm-UNICAL), Via P. Bucci, CUBO 44/A, 87036 Rende, Italy; (M.A.); (G.D.); (A.S.); (S.S.); (E.C.)
| | - Alessio Siciliano
- Department of Environmental Engineering, University of Calabria (DIAm-UNICAL), Via P. Bucci, CUBO 44/A, 87036 Rende, Italy; (M.A.); (G.D.); (A.S.); (S.S.); (E.C.)
| | - Salvatore Straface
- Department of Environmental Engineering, University of Calabria (DIAm-UNICAL), Via P. Bucci, CUBO 44/A, 87036 Rende, Italy; (M.A.); (G.D.); (A.S.); (S.S.); (E.C.)
| | - Mauro Francesco La Russa
- Department of Biology, Ecology and Earth Sciences, University of Calabria (DiBEST-UNICAL), Via P. Bucci, CUBO 12/B, 87036 Rende, Italy;
| | - Efrem Curcio
- Department of Environmental Engineering, University of Calabria (DIAm-UNICAL), Via P. Bucci, CUBO 44/A, 87036 Rende, Italy; (M.A.); (G.D.); (A.S.); (S.S.); (E.C.)
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Supe H, Abhishek A, Avtar R. Assessment of the solar energy-agriculture-water nexus in the expanding solar energy industry of India: An initiative for sustainable resource management. Heliyon 2024; 10:e23125. [PMID: 38163132 PMCID: PMC10755273 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e23125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024] Open
Abstract
The rapid expansion of solar energy in India poses challenges in the context of cropland encroachment and water-resource scarcity. To help address these challenges, we used open access satellite observations and GIS technologies over Earth Engine platform to devise the Solar Panel Index (SPI) for efficient detection of solar farms, achieving a Land use/Land cover classification accuracy of 89 %. We have used cropland, water availability, power grid and land surface temperature data-sets for generation of land suitability map. Sentinel-2 data-sets along with SPI were used to develop solar farm locations and their estimated installed capacity within the study area. The outcomes from the study depicted that over 40 % of all solar farms in the country are located on agricultural land, with the highest seen in Karnataka (73.55 %) followed by Tamil Nadu (68.81 %). Furthermore, high installed capacity coincides with low groundwater depths, exacerbating local water strain. Madhya Pradesh was found to have almost no power plant located within 5 km of surface water bodies. Our findings emphasize the significance of the solar-agriculture-water (SAW) nexus for sustainable development. Using high-resolution Land Suitability Map (LSM) as a decision-making criteria for allocating land for power generation reveals that Rajasthan holds the highest potential for solar energy installation. Our integrated approach considering the interplay between solar-energy production, agriculture, and water-resource management contributes to the sustainable growth of the solar-energy sector and regional development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hitesh Supe
- Graduate School of Environment Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Abhishek Abhishek
- Department of Civil Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Ram Avtar
- Graduate School of Environment Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
- Faculty of Environmental Earth Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
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Cifuentes-Cabezas M, García-Suarez L, Soler-Cabezas JL, Cuartas-Uribe B, Álvarez-Blanco S, Mendoza-Roca JA, Vincent-Vela MC. Feasibility of Forward Osmosis to Recover Textile Dyes Using Single Salts and Multicomponent Draw Solutions. MEMBRANES 2023; 13:911. [PMID: 38132915 PMCID: PMC10744723 DOI: 10.3390/membranes13120911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2023] [Revised: 12/07/2023] [Accepted: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
The textile industry generates large volumes of water characterized mainly by an intense color coming from dyes that are difficult to process due to their synthetic base and the presence of aromatic components. Due to the stricter regulation on the discharge of these effluents, in order to reduce dye waste before discharge into natural channels, alternatives are being sought to manage this wastewater. In this work, the concentration of dyes in simulated wastewater from the textile industry was studied by forward osmosis (with a cellulose triacetate CTA membrane), with the aim of concentrating the dye for its future recovery and reincorporation into the production process. Two dyes of different nature were evaluated to study the efficiency of the proposed process, using NaCl and reverse osmosis brine from a model seawater desalination solution as extraction solutions. It was observed that dye type (reactive or direct) and their charge influence the color rejection with the forward osmosis membrane used. It was able to concentrate the dyes in the feed solution up to approximately 55% with the reverse osmosis brine from the model seawater desalination solution. Finally, the results demonstrate that the FO process is a promising option for concentrating dyes present in wastewater from the textile industry in order to reuse them in the dyeing process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magdalena Cifuentes-Cabezas
- Research Institute for Industrial, Radiophysical and Environmental Safety (ISIRYM), Universitat Politècnica de València, C/Camino de Vera s/n, 46022 Valencia, Spain; (J.L.S.-C.); (B.C.-U.); (S.Á.-B.); (J.A.M.-R.); (M.-C.V.-V.)
| | | | - José Luis Soler-Cabezas
- Research Institute for Industrial, Radiophysical and Environmental Safety (ISIRYM), Universitat Politècnica de València, C/Camino de Vera s/n, 46022 Valencia, Spain; (J.L.S.-C.); (B.C.-U.); (S.Á.-B.); (J.A.M.-R.); (M.-C.V.-V.)
- Department of Chemical and Nuclear Engineering, Universitat Politècnica de València, C/Camino de Vera s/n, 46022 Valencia, Spain
| | - Beatriz Cuartas-Uribe
- Research Institute for Industrial, Radiophysical and Environmental Safety (ISIRYM), Universitat Politècnica de València, C/Camino de Vera s/n, 46022 Valencia, Spain; (J.L.S.-C.); (B.C.-U.); (S.Á.-B.); (J.A.M.-R.); (M.-C.V.-V.)
- Department of Chemical and Nuclear Engineering, Universitat Politècnica de València, C/Camino de Vera s/n, 46022 Valencia, Spain
| | - Silvia Álvarez-Blanco
- Research Institute for Industrial, Radiophysical and Environmental Safety (ISIRYM), Universitat Politècnica de València, C/Camino de Vera s/n, 46022 Valencia, Spain; (J.L.S.-C.); (B.C.-U.); (S.Á.-B.); (J.A.M.-R.); (M.-C.V.-V.)
- Department of Chemical and Nuclear Engineering, Universitat Politècnica de València, C/Camino de Vera s/n, 46022 Valencia, Spain
| | - José Antonio Mendoza-Roca
- Research Institute for Industrial, Radiophysical and Environmental Safety (ISIRYM), Universitat Politècnica de València, C/Camino de Vera s/n, 46022 Valencia, Spain; (J.L.S.-C.); (B.C.-U.); (S.Á.-B.); (J.A.M.-R.); (M.-C.V.-V.)
- Department of Chemical and Nuclear Engineering, Universitat Politècnica de València, C/Camino de Vera s/n, 46022 Valencia, Spain
| | - María-Cinta Vincent-Vela
- Research Institute for Industrial, Radiophysical and Environmental Safety (ISIRYM), Universitat Politècnica de València, C/Camino de Vera s/n, 46022 Valencia, Spain; (J.L.S.-C.); (B.C.-U.); (S.Á.-B.); (J.A.M.-R.); (M.-C.V.-V.)
- Department of Chemical and Nuclear Engineering, Universitat Politècnica de València, C/Camino de Vera s/n, 46022 Valencia, Spain
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Sacheli R, Philippe C, Meex C, Mzougui S, Melin P, Hayette MP. Occurrence of Vibrio spp. in Selected Recreational Water Bodies in Belgium during 2021 Bathing Season. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:6932. [PMID: 37887670 PMCID: PMC10606296 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20206932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2023] [Revised: 10/11/2023] [Accepted: 10/12/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, a global increase in the number of reports of human vibriosis involving V. cholerae non-O1/O139 (NOVC) and other Vibrio spp. has been observed. In this context, the Belgian National Reference Center for Vibrio conducted an assessment of the presence of Vibrio spp. in recreational waters. Water sampling was performed monthly in different lakes in Wallonia and Flanders, including the North Sea. The collected water was then filtrated and cultured, and Vibrio spp. was quantified according to the Most Probable Number (MPN). Presumptive colonies were confirmed via MALDI-TOF, and PCR for virulence genes was applied if justified. No Vibrio spp. was found in the analyzed water bodies in Wallonia. However, NOVC was isolated from three different lakes in Flanders and from coastal water. In addition, V. alginolyticus and V. parahaemolyticus were also detected in coastal water. No clear impact of the pH and temperature was observed on Vibrio spp. occurrence. Our study demonstrates the presence of Vibrio spp. in different bathing water bodies, mostly in the north of Belgium, and supports the recommendation to include Vibrio spp. as a water quality indicator for bathing water quality assessment to ensure the safety of water recreational users in Belgium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosalie Sacheli
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, Belgian National Reference Center Vibrio cholerae and Vibrio parahaemolyticus, Center for Interdisciplinary Research on Medicines (CIRM), University Hospital of Liege, 4000 Liège, Belgium; (C.P.); (C.M.); (S.M.); (P.M.); (M.-P.H.)
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Ju J, Lee S, Kim Y, Cho H, Lee S. Theoretical and Experimental Analysis of Osmotically Assisted Reverse Osmosis for Minimum Liquid Discharge. MEMBRANES 2023; 13:814. [PMID: 37887986 PMCID: PMC10608126 DOI: 10.3390/membranes13100814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2023] [Revised: 09/17/2023] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023]
Abstract
Osmotically assisted reverse osmosis (OARO) is an innovative process that shows promising potential in the treatment of brine produced by conventional reverse osmosis (RO) systems. This study presents a theoretical and experimental analysis of the OARO process, focusing on its application to achieve minimum liquid discharge (MLD). This theoretical analysis includes the development of a mathematical model to describe the transport phenomena occurring during OARO. By considering mass balance equations coupled with transport equations, the theoretical model allows for the simulation of a full-scale system consisting of a single-stage RO and a four-stage OARO. Experimental investigations are also conducted to validate the theoretical model and to evaluate the performance of the OARO process. A laboratory-scale OARO system is designed and operated using a synthetic RO brine. Various operating conditions, including applied pressure, feed concentration, and draw concentration, are varied to investigate their effects on process performance. The experimental results demonstrate the feasibility of OARO as an MLD solution and also validate the predictions of the theoretical model, confirming its reliability for process optimization and design. The results of the theoretical analysis show that OARO has the potential to significantly improve water recovery compared to conventional RO. Based on the simulation, the optimal operating conditions are explored, leading to a significant reduction (up to 89%) in the volume of brine discharge.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaehyun Ju
- School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Kookmin University, 77 Jeongneung-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02707, Republic of Korea; (J.J.); (S.L.); (Y.K.); (H.C.)
- Korea Testing Laboratory, 10, Chungui-ro, Jinju-si 52852, Republic of Korea
| | - Seoyeon Lee
- School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Kookmin University, 77 Jeongneung-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02707, Republic of Korea; (J.J.); (S.L.); (Y.K.); (H.C.)
| | - Yusik Kim
- School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Kookmin University, 77 Jeongneung-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02707, Republic of Korea; (J.J.); (S.L.); (Y.K.); (H.C.)
| | - Hyeongrak Cho
- School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Kookmin University, 77 Jeongneung-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02707, Republic of Korea; (J.J.); (S.L.); (Y.K.); (H.C.)
| | - Sangho Lee
- School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Kookmin University, 77 Jeongneung-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02707, Republic of Korea; (J.J.); (S.L.); (Y.K.); (H.C.)
- Water Technologies Innovation Institute and Research Advancement (WTIIRA), Saline Water Conversion Corporation (SWCC), WQ36+XJP, Al Jubayl 35417, Saudi Arabia
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