Municipal solid waste management: Identification and analysis of technology selection criteria using Fuzzy Delphi and Fuzzy DEMATEL technique

Assessment and management of costs for renewable energy investments in Zambia using a novel mixed method

This paper investigates strategies for managing costs in low-CO2 renewable energy (RE) projects, with a focus on enhancing investment efficiency. The study develops a novel mixed-method framework that integrates Shapley rates, TOPSIS, and Pythagorean fuzzy (PF) DEMATEL to identify effective cost-control tactics. Data is sourced from financial reports, project records, and expert evaluations involving three managers from the energy sector with over two decades of experience in renewable energy investments and CO2 emission reduction. The framework's precision is tested through the VIKOR technique and sensitivity analysis, using five scenarios where the weighting outcomes of criteria are adjusted. Findings reveal that solar energy consistently offers the most cost-effective solutions, while consumer prioritization significantly improves the viability of wind energy investments. The results also emphasize the importance of workforce development in solar energy projects and collaborative cost-control strategies to enhance project success. The study recommends that investors focus on high- or low-level collaborative approaches for solar energy due to its lower associated costs compared to other options. These insights can guide policymakers and investors in optimizing renewable energy investments and enhancing collaboration to reduce CO2 emissions.

A historical review and analysis on MOORA and its fuzzy extensions for different applications

Multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) methods have been widely used among researchers to provide a trade-off solution between best and worst, considering conflicting criteria and sets of preferences. An efficient and systematic literature review of these methods is needed to maintain their application in distinctive domains. To this end, this paper presents a comprehensive and systematic literature survey on "multi-objective optimization by ratio analysis" (MOORA) method and its fuzzy extensions developed and discussed in recent years. This review includes articles categorized based on the publication name, publishing year, journal name, type of applications, and type of fuzzy extensions. In addition, this review will enhance the understanding of practitioners and decision-makers on the MOORA method, its development, fuzzy hybridization, different application areas, and future work. The study revealed that the MOORA technique was predominantly used with the TOPSIS approach, followed by the AHP and COPRAS methods. Furthermore, 76.28 % use single and hybridization approaches among all MOORA studies, while 23.72 % use MOORA in a fuzzy environment.