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Nian Q, Li Y, Li J, Zhao L, Rodrigues Lima F, Zeng J, Liu R, Ye Z. U2AF1 in various neoplastic diseases and relevant targeted therapies for malignant cancers with complex mutations (Review). Oncol Rep 2024; 51:5. [PMID: 37975232 PMCID: PMC10688450 DOI: 10.3892/or.2023.8664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2023] [Accepted: 11/03/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023] Open
Abstract
U2 small nuclear RNA auxiliary factor 1 (U2AF1) is a multifunctional protein that plays a crucial role in the regulation of RNA splicing during eukaryotic gene expression. U2AF1 belongs to the SR family of splicing factors and is involved in the removal of introns from mRNAs and exon-exon binding. Mutations in U2AF1 are frequently observed in myelodysplastic syndrome, primary myelofibrosis, chronic myelomonocytic leukaemia, hairy cell leukaemia and other solid tumours, particularly in lung, pancreatic, and ovarian carcinomas. Therefore, targeting U2AF1 for therapeutic interventions may be a viable strategy for treating malignant diseases. In the present review, the pathogenic mechanisms associated with U2AF1 in different malignant diseases were summarized, and the potential of related targeting agents was discussed. Additionally, the feasibility of natural product-based therapies directed against U2AF1 was explored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Nian
- Department of Transfusion, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan 610072, P.R. China
| | - Yihui Li
- Beijing Institute of Ophthalmology, Beijing Tongren Eye Center, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences Key Laboratory, Beijing 100730, P.R. China
| | - Jingwei Li
- Department of Transfusion, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan 610072, P.R. China
| | - Liyun Zhao
- Department of Pharmacy, Personalized Drug Therapy Key Laboratory of Sichuan, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences and Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan 610072, P.R. China
| | - Fernando Rodrigues Lima
- Université Paris Cité, CNRS, Unité de Biologie Fonctionnelle et Adaptative, 75013 Paris, France
| | - Jinhao Zeng
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan 610000, P.R. China
| | - Rongxing Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400000, P.R. China
| | - Zhijun Ye
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan 610072, P.R. China
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Platzbecker U, Della Porta MG, Santini V, Zeidan AM, Komrokji RS, Shortt J, Valcarcel D, Jonasova A, Dimicoli-Salazar S, Tiong IS, Lin CC, Li J, Zhang J, Giuseppi AC, Kreitz S, Pozharskaya V, Keeperman KL, Rose S, Shetty JK, Hayati S, Vodala S, Prebet T, Degulys A, Paolini S, Cluzeau T, Fenaux P, Garcia-Manero G. Efficacy and safety of luspatercept versus epoetin alfa in erythropoiesis-stimulating agent-naive, transfusion-dependent, lower-risk myelodysplastic syndromes (COMMANDS): interim analysis of a phase 3, open-label, randomised controlled trial. Lancet 2023:S0140-6736(23)00874-7. [PMID: 37311468 DOI: 10.1016/s0140-6736(23)00874-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2023] [Revised: 04/21/2023] [Accepted: 04/25/2023] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Erythropoiesis-stimulating agents (ESAs) are the standard-of-care treatment for anaemia in most patients with lower-risk myelodysplastic syndromes but responses are limited and transient. Luspatercept promotes late-stage erythroid maturation and has shown durable clinical efficacy in patients with lower-risk myelodysplastic syndromes. In this study, we report the results of a prespecified interim analysis of luspatercept versus epoetin alfa for the treatment of anaemia due to lower-risk myelodysplastic syndromes in the phase 3 COMMANDS trial. METHODS The phase 3, open-label, randomised controlled COMMANDS trial is being conducted at 142 sites in 26 countries. Eligible patients were aged 18 years or older, had a diagnosis of myelodysplastic syndromes of very low risk, low risk, or intermediate risk (per the Revised International Prognostic Scoring System), were ESA-naive, and required red blood cell transfusions (2-6 packed red blood cell units per 8 weeks for ≥8 weeks immediately before randomisation). Integrated response technology was used to randomly assign patients (1:1, block size 4) to luspatercept or epoetin alfa, stratified by baseline red blood cell transfusion burden (<4 units per 8 weeks vs ≥4 units per 8 weeks), endogenous serum erythropoietin concentration (≤200 U/L vs >200 to <500 U/L), and ring sideroblast status (positive vs negative). Luspatercept was administered subcutaneously once every 3 weeks starting at 1·0 mg/kg body weight with possible titration up to 1·75 mg/kg. Epoetin alfa was administered subcutaneously once a week starting at 450 IU/kg body weight with possible titration up to 1050 IU/kg (maximum permitted total dose of 80 000 IU). The primary endpoint was red blood cell transfusion independence for at least 12 weeks with a concurrent mean haemoglobin increase of at least 1·5 g/dL (weeks 1-24), assessed in the intention-to-treat population. Safety was assessed in patients who received at least one dose of study treatment. The COMMANDS trial was registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT03682536 (active, not recruiting). FINDINGS Between Jan 2, 2019 and Aug 31, 2022, 356 patients were randomly assigned to receive luspatercept (178 patients) or epoetin alfa (178 patients), comprising 198 (56%) men and 158 (44%) women (median age 74 years [IQR 69-80]). The interim efficacy analysis was done for 301 patients (147 in the luspatercept group and 154 in the epoetin alfa group) who completed 24 weeks of treatment or discontinued earlier. 86 (59%) of 147 patients in the luspatercept group and 48 (31%) of 154 patients in the epoetin alfa group reached the primary endpoint (common risk difference on response rate 26·6; 95% CI 15·8-37·4; p<0·0001). Median treatment exposure was longer for patients receiving luspatercept (42 weeks [IQR 20-73]) versus epoetin alfa (27 weeks [19-55]). The most frequently reported grade 3 or 4 treatment-emergent adverse events with luspatercept (≥3% patients) were hypertension, anaemia, dyspnoea, neutropenia, thrombocytopenia, pneumonia, COVID-19, myelodysplastic syndromes, and syncope; and with epoetin alfa were anaemia, pneumonia, neutropenia, hypertension, iron overload, COVID-19 pneumonia, and myelodysplastic syndromes. The most common suspected treatment-related adverse events in the luspatercept group (≥3% patients, with the most common event occurring in 5% patients) were fatigue, asthenia, nausea, dyspnoea, hypertension, and headache; and none (≥3% patients) in the epoetin alfa group. One death after diagnosis of acute myeloid leukaemia was considered to be related to luspatercept treatment (44 days on treatment). INTERPRETATION In this interim analysis, luspatercept improved the rate at which red blood cell transfusion independence and increased haemoglobin were achieved compared with epoetin alfa in ESA-naive patients with lower-risk myelodysplastic syndromes. Long-term follow-up and additional data will be needed to confirm these results and further refine findings in other subgroups of patients with lower-risk myelodysplastic syndromes, including non-mutated SF3B1 or ring sideroblast-negative subgroups. FUNDING Celgene and Acceleron Pharma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Uwe Platzbecker
- Medical Clinic and Policlinic 1, Hematology and Cellular Therapy, University Hospital Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany.
| | - Matteo Giovanni Della Porta
- Cancer Center IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Milan, Italy; Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Milan, Italy
| | - Valeria Santini
- MDS Unit, Hematology, University of Florence, AOUC, Florence, Italy
| | - Amer M Zeidan
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine and Yale Cancer Center, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | | | - Jake Shortt
- Monash University and Monash Health, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | | | - Anna Jonasova
- Medical Department, Hematology, Charles University General Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic
| | | | - Ing Soo Tiong
- Malignant Haematology and Stem Cell Transplantation, The Alfred Hospital, Alfred Health, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Chien-Chin Lin
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Jiahui Li
- Bristol Myers Squibb, Princeton, NJ, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Andrius Degulys
- Hematology, Oncology and Transfusion Medicine Center, Vilnius University Hospital Santaros Klinikos, Vilnius, Lithuania; Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Vilnius University, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Stefania Paolini
- IRCCS University Hospital of Bologna, "Seràgnoli" Institute of Hematology, Bologna, Italy
| | - Thomas Cluzeau
- Département d'Hématologie Clinique, Université Cote d'Azur, CHU Nice, Nice, France
| | - Pierre Fenaux
- Service d'Hématologie Séniors, Hôpital Saint-Louis, Université Paris 7, Paris, France
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Lazear MR, Remsberg JR, Jaeger MG, Rothamel K, Her HL, DeMeester KE, Njomen E, Hogg SJ, Rahman J, Whitby LR, Won SJ, Schafroth MA, Ogasawara D, Yokoyama M, Lindsey GL, Li H, Germain J, Barbas S, Vaughan J, Hanigan TW, Vartabedian VF, Reinhardt CJ, Dix MM, Koo SJ, Heo I, Teijaro JR, Simon GM, Ghosh B, Abdel-Wahab O, Ahn K, Saghatelian A, Melillo B, Schreiber SL, Yeo GW, Cravatt BF. Proteomic discovery of chemical probes that perturb protein complexes in human cells. Mol Cell 2023; 83:1725-1742.e12. [PMID: 37084731 PMCID: PMC10198961 DOI: 10.1016/j.molcel.2023.03.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2021] [Revised: 01/09/2023] [Accepted: 03/28/2023] [Indexed: 04/23/2023]
Abstract
Most human proteins lack chemical probes, and several large-scale and generalizable small-molecule binding assays have been introduced to address this problem. How compounds discovered in such "binding-first" assays affect protein function, nonetheless, often remains unclear. Here, we describe a "function-first" proteomic strategy that uses size exclusion chromatography (SEC) to assess the global impact of electrophilic compounds on protein complexes in human cells. Integrating the SEC data with cysteine-directed activity-based protein profiling identifies changes in protein-protein interactions that are caused by site-specific liganding events, including the stereoselective engagement of cysteines in PSME1 and SF3B1 that disrupt the PA28 proteasome regulatory complex and stabilize a dynamic state of the spliceosome, respectively. Our findings thus show how multidimensional proteomic analysis of focused libraries of electrophilic compounds can expedite the discovery of chemical probes with site-specific functional effects on protein complexes in human cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael R Lazear
- Department of Chemistry, Scripps Research, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | | | - Martin G Jaeger
- Department of Chemistry, Scripps Research, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Katherine Rothamel
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Hsuan-Lin Her
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | | | - Evert Njomen
- Department of Chemistry, Scripps Research, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Simon J Hogg
- Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10021, USA
| | - Jahan Rahman
- Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10021, USA
| | - Landon R Whitby
- Vividion Therapeutics, 5820 Nancy Ridge Drive, San Diego, CA 92121, USA
| | - Sang Joon Won
- Department of Chemistry, Scripps Research, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | | | | | - Minoru Yokoyama
- Department of Chemistry, Scripps Research, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | | | - Haoxin Li
- Department of Chemistry, Scripps Research, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Jason Germain
- Department of Chemistry, Scripps Research, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Sabrina Barbas
- Department of Chemistry, Scripps Research, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Joan Vaughan
- Clayton Foundation Laboratories for Peptide Biology, The Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Thomas W Hanigan
- Department of Chemistry, Scripps Research, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Vincent F Vartabedian
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Scripps Research, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | | | - Melissa M Dix
- Department of Chemistry, Scripps Research, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Seong Joo Koo
- Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology, Discovery Technologies and Molecular Pharmacology, Janssen Research and Development, Turnhoutseweg 30, 2340 Beerse, Belgium
| | - Inha Heo
- Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology, Discovery Technologies and Molecular Pharmacology, Janssen Research and Development, Turnhoutseweg 30, 2340 Beerse, Belgium
| | - John R Teijaro
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Scripps Research, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Gabriel M Simon
- Vividion Therapeutics, 5820 Nancy Ridge Drive, San Diego, CA 92121, USA
| | - Brahma Ghosh
- Discovery Chemistry, Janssen Research & Development, Spring House, PA 19477, USA
| | - Omar Abdel-Wahab
- Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10021, USA
| | - Kay Ahn
- Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology, Discovery Technologies and Molecular Pharmacology, Janssen Research and Development, Spring House, PA 19477, USA
| | - Alan Saghatelian
- Clayton Foundation Laboratories for Peptide Biology, The Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Bruno Melillo
- Department of Chemistry, Scripps Research, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA; Chemical Biology and Therapeutics Science Program, Broad Institute, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Stuart L Schreiber
- Chemical Biology and Therapeutics Science Program, Broad Institute, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA; Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
| | - Gene W Yeo
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
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Filipek K, Deryło K, Michalec-Wawiórka B, Zaciura M, González-Ibarra A, Krokowski D, Latoch P, Starosta AL, Czapiński J, Rivero-Müller A, Wawiórka L, Tchórzewski M. Identification of a novel alternatively spliced isoform of the ribosomal uL10 protein. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA. GENE REGULATORY MECHANISMS 2023; 1866:194890. [PMID: 36328276 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagrm.2022.194890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2022] [Revised: 10/06/2022] [Accepted: 10/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Alternative splicing is one of the key mechanisms extending the complexity of genetic information and at the same time adaptability of higher eukaryotes. As a result, the broad spectrum of isoforms produced by alternative splicing allows organisms to fine-tune their proteome; however, the functions of the majority of alternatively spliced protein isoforms are largely unknown. Ribosomal protein isoforms are one of the groups for which data are limited. Here we report characterization of an alternatively spliced isoform of the ribosomal uL10 protein, named uL10β. The uL10 protein constitutes the core element of the ribosomal stalk structure within the GTPase associated center, which represents the landing platform for translational GTPases - trGTPases. The stalk plays an important role in the ribosome-dependent stimulation of GTP by trGTPases, which confer unidirectional trajectory for the ribosome, allosterically contributing to the speed and accuracy of translation. We have shown that the newly identified uL10β protein is stably expressed in mammalian cells and is primarily located within the nuclear compartment with a minor signal within the cytoplasm. Importantly, uL10β is able to bind to the ribosomal particle, but is mainly associated with 60S and 80S particles; additionally, the uL10β undergoes re-localization into the mitochondria upon endoplasmic reticulum stress induction. Our results suggest a specific stress-related dual role of uL10β, supporting the idea of existence of specialized ribosomes with an altered GTPase associated center.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamil Filipek
- Department of Molecular Biology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Maria Curie-Skłodowska University, Lublin, Poland
| | - Kamil Deryło
- Department of Molecular Biology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Maria Curie-Skłodowska University, Lublin, Poland
| | - Barbara Michalec-Wawiórka
- Department of Molecular Biology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Maria Curie-Skłodowska University, Lublin, Poland
| | - Monika Zaciura
- Department of Molecular Biology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Maria Curie-Skłodowska University, Lublin, Poland
| | - Alan González-Ibarra
- Department of Molecular Biology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Maria Curie-Skłodowska University, Lublin, Poland
| | - Dawid Krokowski
- Department of Molecular Biology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Maria Curie-Skłodowska University, Lublin, Poland
| | - Przemysław Latoch
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw 02-106, Poland; Polish-Japanese Academy of Information Technology, Warsaw 02-008, Poland
| | - Agata L Starosta
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw 02-106, Poland
| | - Jakub Czapiński
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical University of Lublin, 21-093 Lublin, Poland
| | - Adolfo Rivero-Müller
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical University of Lublin, 21-093 Lublin, Poland
| | - Leszek Wawiórka
- Department of Molecular Biology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Maria Curie-Skłodowska University, Lublin, Poland
| | - Marek Tchórzewski
- Department of Molecular Biology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Maria Curie-Skłodowska University, Lublin, Poland.
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5
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Lebecque B, Bourgne C, Munje C, Berger J, Tassin T, Cony-Makhoul P, Guerci-Bresler A, Johnson-Ansah H, Liu W, Saugues S, Tchirkov A, Vetrie D, Copland M, Berger MG. The Spliceosome: A New Therapeutic Target in Chronic Myeloid Leukaemia. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14194695. [PMID: 36230624 PMCID: PMC9563771 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14194695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2022] [Revised: 09/19/2022] [Accepted: 09/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary RNA splicing factors are frequently altered in cancer and have been found mutated or deregulated in myeloid malignancies, justifying the growing interest in new therapeutic strategies. We recently showed that the DNA methylation alterations of CD34+CD15− chronic myeloid leukaemia (CML) cells affect alternative splicing genes, suggesting that spliceosome actors might be altered in chronic-phase (CP)-CML. We investigated the expression of 12 splicing genes in primary CP-CML CD34+ cells at diagnosis (n = 15). We found that CP-CML CD34+ cells had a distinct splicing signature profile, suggesting: (i) a spliceosome deregulation from the diagnosis time and (ii) an intraclonal heterogeneity. In vitro incubation of a spliceosome-targeted drug (TG003) showed that CP-CML CD34+ cells are spliceosome dependent; moreover, with the combination of TKI, the two drugs showing an additive effect while sparing healthy donors cells. Our results suggest that the spliceosome may be a new potential target for the treatment of CML. Abstract RNA splicing factors are frequently altered in cancer and can act as both oncoproteins and tumour suppressors. They have been found mutated or deregulated, justifying the growing interest in the targeting of splicing catalysis, splicing regulatory proteins, and/or specific, key altered splicing events. We recently showed that the DNA methylation alterations of CD34+CD15− chronic myeloid leukaemia (CML) cells affect, among others, alternative splicing genes, suggesting that spliceosome actors might be altered in chronic-phase (CP)-CML. We investigated the expression of 12 spliceosome genes known to be oncogenes or tumour suppressor genes in primary CP-CML CD34+ cells at diagnosis (n = 15). We found that CP-CML CD34+ cells had a distinct splicing signature profile as compared with healthy donor CD34+ cells or whole CP-CML cells, suggesting: (i) a spliceosome deregulation from the diagnosis time and (ii) an intraclonal heterogeneity. We could identify three profile types, but there was no relationship with a patient’s characteristics. By incubating cells with TKI and/or a spliceosome-targeted drug (TG003), we showed that CP-CML CD34+ cells are both BCR::ABL and spliceosome dependent, with the combination of the two drugs showing an additive effect while sparing healthy donors cells. Our results suggest that the spliceosome may be a new potential target for the treatment of CML.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin Lebecque
- Hématologie Biologique, CHU Estaing, 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France
- Equipe d’Accueil 7453 CHELTER, Université Clermont Auvergne, 63001 Clermont-Ferrand, France
- Correspondence: (B.L.); (M.G.B.); Tel.: +33-4-7375-0682 (M.G.B.); Fax: +33-4-7375-0683 (M.G.B.)
| | - Celine Bourgne
- Hématologie Biologique, CHU Estaing, 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France
- Equipe d’Accueil 7453 CHELTER, Université Clermont Auvergne, 63001 Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Chinmay Munje
- Paul O’Gorman Leukaemia Research Centre, Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, UK
| | - Juliette Berger
- Hématologie Biologique, CHU Estaing, 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France
- Equipe d’Accueil 7453 CHELTER, Université Clermont Auvergne, 63001 Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Thomas Tassin
- Hématologie Biologique, CHU Estaing, 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France
- Equipe d’Accueil 7453 CHELTER, Université Clermont Auvergne, 63001 Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Pascale Cony-Makhoul
- CH Annecy-Genevois, 74374 Pringy, France
- Groupe Fi-LMC, Centre Léon Bérard, 69008 Lyon, France
| | - Agnès Guerci-Bresler
- Groupe Fi-LMC, Centre Léon Bérard, 69008 Lyon, France
- Hématologie Clinique, CHRU Brabois, 54500 Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy, France
| | - Hyacinthe Johnson-Ansah
- Groupe Fi-LMC, Centre Léon Bérard, 69008 Lyon, France
- Institut d’Hématologie de Basse Normandie, CHU, 14033 Caen, France
| | - Wei Liu
- Wolfson Wohl Cancer Research Centre, Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, UK
| | - Sandrine Saugues
- Hématologie Biologique, CHU Estaing, 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France
- Equipe d’Accueil 7453 CHELTER, Université Clermont Auvergne, 63001 Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Andrei Tchirkov
- Equipe d’Accueil 7453 CHELTER, Université Clermont Auvergne, 63001 Clermont-Ferrand, France
- Cytogénétique Médicale, CHU Clermont-Ferrand, CHU Estaing, 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - David Vetrie
- Wolfson Wohl Cancer Research Centre, Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, UK
| | - Mhairi Copland
- Paul O’Gorman Leukaemia Research Centre, Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, UK
| | - Marc G. Berger
- Hématologie Biologique, CHU Estaing, 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France
- Equipe d’Accueil 7453 CHELTER, Université Clermont Auvergne, 63001 Clermont-Ferrand, France
- Groupe Fi-LMC, Centre Léon Bérard, 69008 Lyon, France
- Correspondence: (B.L.); (M.G.B.); Tel.: +33-4-7375-0682 (M.G.B.); Fax: +33-4-7375-0683 (M.G.B.)
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6
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Zhang F, Chen L. Molecular Threat of Splicing Factor Mutations to Myeloid Malignancies and Potential Therapeutic Modulations. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10081972. [PMID: 36009519 PMCID: PMC9405558 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10081972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2022] [Revised: 08/08/2022] [Accepted: 08/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Splicing factors are frequently mutated in myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) and acute myeloid leukemia (AML). These mutations are presumed to contribute to oncogenic transformation, but the underlying mechanisms remain incompletely understood. While no specific treatment option is available for MDS/AML patients with spliceosome mutations, novel targeting strategies are actively explored, leading to clinical trials of small molecule inhibitors that target the spliceosome, DNA damage response pathway, and immune response pathway. Here, we review recent progress in mechanistic understanding of splicing factor mutations promoting disease progression and summarize potential therapeutic strategies, which, if successful, would provide clinical benefit to patients carrying splicing factor mutations.
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7
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A novel heptasomy 21 associated with complete loss of heterozygosity and loss of function RUNX1 mutation in acute myeloid leukemia. Cancer Genet 2022; 266-267:69-73. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cancergen.2022.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2021] [Revised: 06/07/2022] [Accepted: 07/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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8
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Bazinet A, Bravo GM. New Approaches to Myelodysplastic Syndrome Treatment. Curr Treat Options Oncol 2022; 23:668-687. [PMID: 35320468 DOI: 10.1007/s11864-022-00965-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
OPINION STATEMENT The treatment of myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) begins with risk stratification using a validated tool such as the International Prognostic Scoring System (IPSS) or its revised version (IPSS-R). This divides patients into lower- and higher- risk categories. Although treatment objectives in lower-risk MDS (LR-MDS) have traditionally been directed at improving cytopenias (usually anemia) as well as quality of life, recent data supports a potential role for early intervention in delaying transfusion dependency. In addition, careful individualized risk stratification incorporating clinical, cytogenetic, and mutational data might help identify patients at higher-than-expected risk for progression. Given the need for supportive care with red blood cell (RBC) transfusions leading to iron overload, iron chelation should be considered for patients with heavy transfusion requirements at risk for end-organ complications. For patients with LR-MDS and isolated anemia, no high-risk features, and endogenous erythropoietin (EPO) levels below 500 U/L, erythropoiesis-stimulating agents (ESAs) can be attempted to improve anemia. Some LR-MDS patient subgroups may also benefit from specific therapies including luspatercept (MDS with ring sideroblasts), lenalidomide (MDS with deletion 5q), or immunosuppressive therapy (hypocellular MDS). LR-MDS patients failing the above options, or those with multiple cytopenias and/or higher-risk features, can be considered for oral low-dose hypomethylating agent (HMA) therapy. Alternatively, these patients may be enrolled on a clinical trial with promising agents targeting the transforming-growth factor beta (TGF-β) pathway, the hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF) pathway, telomerase activity, inflammatory signaling, or the splicing machinery. In higher-risk MDS (HR-MDS), therapy seeks to modify the natural history of the disease and prolong survival. Eligible patients should be considered for curative allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (aHSCT). Despite promising novel combinations, the HMAs azacitidine (AZA) or decitabine (DAC) are still the standard of care for these patients, with intensive chemotherapy-based approaches being a potential option in a small subset of patients. Individuals who fail to respond or progress after HMA experience dismal outcomes and represent a major unmet clinical need. Such patients should be treated as part of a clinical trial if possible. Experimental agents to consider include venetoclax, myeloid cell leukemia 1 (MCL-1) inhibitors, eprenetapopt, CPX-351, immunotherapies (directed towards CD47, TIM3, or CD70), interleukin-1 receptor-associated kinase 4 (IRAK4) inhibitors, pevonedistat, seclidemstat, and eltanexor. In this review, we extensively discuss the current landscape of experimental therapies for both LR- and HR-MDS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandre Bazinet
- Department of Leukemia, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Blvd., Box 428, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Guillermo Montalban Bravo
- Department of Leukemia, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Blvd., Box 428, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.
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