1
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Mansour AM, Khaled RM, Ferraro G, Shehab OR, Merlino A. Metal-based carbon monoxide releasing molecules with promising cytotoxic properties. Dalton Trans 2024. [PMID: 38808485 DOI: 10.1039/d4dt00087k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2024]
Abstract
Carbon monoxide, the "silent killer" gas, is increasingly recognised as an important signalling molecule in human physiology, which has beneficial biological properties. A particular way of achieving controlled CO administration is based on the use of biocompatible molecules that only release CO when triggered by internal or external factors. These approaches include the development of pharmacologically effective prodrugs known as CO releasing molecules (CORMs), which can supply biological systems with CO in well-regulated doses. An overview of transition metal-based CORMs with cytotoxic properties is here reported. The mechanisms at the basis of the biological activities of these molecules and their potential therapeutical applications with respect to their stability and CO releasing properties have been discussed. The activation of metal-based CORMs is determined by the type of metal and by the nature and features of the auxiliary ligands, which affect the metal core electronic density and therefore the prodrug resistance towards oxidation and CO release ability. A major role in regulating the cytotoxic properties of these CORMs is played by CO and/or CO-depleted species. However, several mysteries concerning the cytotoxicity of CORMs remain as intriguing questions for scientists.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed M Mansour
- Department of Chemistry, United Arab Emirates University, Al-Ain, United Arab Emirates.
| | - Rabaa M Khaled
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Gamma Street, 12613, Egypt.
| | - Giarita Ferraro
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Napoli, Italy.
| | - Ola R Shehab
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Gamma Street, 12613, Egypt.
| | - Antonello Merlino
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Napoli, Italy.
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2
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Chen G, Yu J, Wu L, Ji X, Xu J, Wang C, Ma S, Miao Q, Wang L, Wang C, Lewis SE, Yue Y, Sun Z, Liu Y, Tang B, James TD. Fluorescent small molecule donors. Chem Soc Rev 2024. [PMID: 38742651 DOI: 10.1039/d3cs00124e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/16/2024]
Abstract
Small molecule donors (SMDs) play subtle roles in the signaling mechanism and disease treatments. While many excellent SMDs have been developed, dosage control, targeted delivery, spatiotemporal feedback, as well as the efficiency evaluation of small molecules are still key challenges. Accordingly, fluorescent small molecule donors (FSMDs) have emerged to meet these challenges. FSMDs enable controllable release and non-invasive real-time monitoring, providing significant advantages for drug development and clinical diagnosis. Integration of FSMDs with chemotherapeutic, photodynamic or photothermal properties can take full advantage of each mode to enhance therapeutic efficacy. Given the remarkable properties and the thriving development of FSMDs, we believe a review is needed to summarize the design, triggering strategies and tracking mechanisms of FSMDs. With this review, we compiled FSMDs for most small molecules (nitric oxide, carbon monoxide, hydrogen sulfide, sulfur dioxide, reactive oxygen species and formaldehyde), and discuss recent progress concerning their molecular design, structural classification, mechanisms of generation, triggered release, structure-activity relationships, and the fluorescence response mechanism. Firstly, from the large number of fluorescent small molecular donors available, we have organized the common structures for producing different types of small molecules, providing a general strategy for the development of FSMDs. Secondly, we have classified FSMDs in terms of the respective donor types and fluorophore structures. Thirdly, we discuss the mechanisms and factors associated with the controlled release of small molecules and the regulation of the fluorescence responses, from which universal guidelines for optical properties and structure rearrangement were established, mainly involving light-controlled, enzyme-activated, reactive oxygen species-triggered, biothiol-triggered, single-electron reduction, click chemistry, and other triggering mechanisms. Fourthly, representative applications of FSMDs for trackable release, and evaluation monitoring, as well as for visible in vivo treatment are outlined, to illustrate the potential of FSMDs in drug screening and precision medicine. Finally, we discuss the opportunities and remaining challenges for the development of FSMDs for practical and clinical applications, which we anticipate will stimulate the attention of researchers in the diverse fields of chemistry, pharmacology, chemical biology and clinical chemistry. With this review, we hope to impart new understanding thereby enabling the rapid development of the next generation of FSMDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guang Chen
- The Youth Innovation Team of Shaanxi Universities, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Chemical Additives for Industry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science & Technology, Xi'an, 710021, China.
| | - Jing Yu
- The Youth Innovation Team of Shaanxi Universities, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Chemical Additives for Industry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science & Technology, Xi'an, 710021, China.
| | - Luling Wu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bath, Bath BA2 7AY, UK.
| | - Xinrui Ji
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Waterloo Institute for Nanotechnology, University of Waterloo, 200 University Avenue West, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada
| | - Jie Xu
- The Youth Innovation Team of Shaanxi Universities, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Chemical Additives for Industry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science & Technology, Xi'an, 710021, China.
| | - Chao Wang
- The Youth Innovation Team of Shaanxi Universities, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Chemical Additives for Industry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science & Technology, Xi'an, 710021, China.
| | - Siyue Ma
- The Youth Innovation Team of Shaanxi Universities, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Chemical Additives for Industry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science & Technology, Xi'an, 710021, China.
| | - Qing Miao
- The Youth Innovation Team of Shaanxi Universities, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Chemical Additives for Industry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science & Technology, Xi'an, 710021, China.
| | - Linlin Wang
- The Youth Innovation Team of Shaanxi Universities, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Chemical Additives for Industry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science & Technology, Xi'an, 710021, China.
| | - Chen Wang
- The Youth Innovation Team of Shaanxi Universities, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Chemical Additives for Industry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science & Technology, Xi'an, 710021, China.
| | - Simon E Lewis
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bath, Bath BA2 7AY, UK.
| | - Yanfeng Yue
- Department of Chemistry, Delaware State University, Dover, DE, 19901, USA.
| | - Zhe Sun
- Institute of Molecular Plus, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Sciences, Tianjin University, 92 Weijin Road, Tianjin, 300072, China.
| | - Yuxia Liu
- The Youth Innovation Team of Shaanxi Universities, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Chemical Additives for Industry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science & Technology, Xi'an, 710021, China.
| | - Bo Tang
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, Shandong, China.
| | - Tony D James
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bath, Bath BA2 7AY, UK.
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, China
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3
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Divya D, Govindarajan R, Nagarajaprakash R, Fayzullin RR, Vidhyapriya P, Sakthivel N, Manimaran B. Multicomponent Self-Assembly of Diaminobenzoquinonato-Bridged Manganese(I) Metallosupramolecular Rectangles: Host–Guest Interactions, Anticancer Activity, and Visible-Light-Induced CO Releasing Studies. Inorg Chem 2022; 61:15377-15391. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.2c01829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Dhanaraj Divya
- Department of Chemistry, Pondicherry University, Puducherry 605014, India
| | | | - Ramamurthy Nagarajaprakash
- Chemical Sciences Research Group, Division of Research & Development, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara 144411, Punjab, India
| | - Robert R. Fayzullin
- Arbuzov Institute of Organic and Physical Chemistry, FRC Kazan Scientific Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, 8 Arbuzov Street, Kazan 420088, Russian Federation
| | | | - Natarajan Sakthivel
- Department of Biotechnology, Pondicherry University, Puducherry 605014, India
| | - Bala. Manimaran
- Department of Chemistry, Pondicherry University, Puducherry 605014, India
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4
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Thomas JM, Vidhyapriya P, Sivan AK, Sakthivel N, Sivasankar C. Synthesis, spectroscopic, CO‐releasing ability, and anticancer activity studies of [Mn(CO)
3
(L–L)Br] complexes: Experimental and density functional theory studies. Appl Organomet Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/aoc.6685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jisha Mary Thomas
- Catalysis and Energy Laboratory, Department of Chemistry Pondicherry University (A Central University) Puducherry India
| | - Pitchavel Vidhyapriya
- Department of Biotechnology Pondicherry University (A Central University) Puducherry India
| | - Akhil K. Sivan
- Catalysis and Energy Laboratory, Department of Chemistry Pondicherry University (A Central University) Puducherry India
| | - Natarajan Sakthivel
- Department of Biotechnology Pondicherry University (A Central University) Puducherry India
| | - Chinnappan Sivasankar
- Catalysis and Energy Laboratory, Department of Chemistry Pondicherry University (A Central University) Puducherry India
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5
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Manganese(I) tricarbonyl complexes as potential anticancer agents. J Biol Inorg Chem 2021; 27:49-64. [PMID: 34713347 DOI: 10.1007/s00775-021-01910-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2021] [Accepted: 09/15/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The antiproliferative activity of [Mn(CO)3(N^N)Br] (N^N = phendione 1, bipy 3) and of the two newly synthesized Mn complexes [Mn(CO)3(acridine)(phendione)]OTf (2) and [Mn(CO)3(di-triazole)Br] (4) has been evaluated by MTS against three tumor cell lines A2780 (ovarian carcinoma), HCT116 (colorectal carcinoma), HCT116doxR (colorectal carcinoma resistant to doxorubicin), and in human dermal fibroblasts. The antiproliferative assay showed a dose-dependent effect higher in complex 1 and 2 with a selectivity toward ovarian carcinoma cell line 21 times higher than in human fibroblasts. Exposure of A2780 cells to IC50 concentrations of complex 1 and 2 led to an increase of reactive oxygen species that led to the activation of cell death mechanisms, namely via intrinsic apoptosis for 2 and autophagy and extrinsic apoptosis for 1. Both complexes do not target DNA or interfere with cell cycle progression but are able to potentiate cell migration and neovascularization (for 2) an indicative that their application might be directed for initial tumor stages to avoid tumor invasion and metastization and opening a new avenue for complex 2 application in regenerative medicine. Interestingly, both complexes do not show toxicity in both in vivo models (CAM and zebrafish).
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6
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Lee SX, Tan CH, Mah WL, Wong RCS, Cheow YL, Sim KS, Tan KW. Synthesis of group 6 (chromium, molybdenum, and tungsten) photoCORMs as potential antimicrobial and anticancer agents. Inorganica Chim Acta 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ica.2021.120491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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7
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Pordel S, Pickens RN, White JK. Release of CO and Production of 1O2 from a Mn-BODIPY Photoactivated CO Releasing Molecule with Visible Light. Organometallics 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.1c00331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shabnam Pordel
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Ohio University, Athens, Ohio 45701, United States
| | - Rachael N. Pickens
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Ohio University, Athens, Ohio 45701, United States
| | - Jessica K. White
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Ohio University, Athens, Ohio 45701, United States
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8
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Fumanal M, Daniel C, Gindensperger E. Excited-state dynamics of [Mn(im)(CO) 3(phen)] +: PhotoCORM, catalyst, luminescent probe? J Chem Phys 2021; 154:154102. [PMID: 33887929 DOI: 10.1063/5.0044108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Mn(I) α-diimine carbonyl complexes have shown promise in the development of luminescent CO release materials (photoCORMs) for diagnostic and medical applications due to their ability to balance the energy of the low-lying metal-to-ligand charge transfer (MLCT) and metal-centered (MC) states. In this work, the excited state dynamics of [Mn(im)(CO)3(phen)]+ (im = imidazole; phen = 1,10-phenanthroline) is investigated by means of wavepacket propagation on the potential energy surfaces associated with the 11 low-lying Sn singlet excited states within a vibronic coupling model in a (quasi)-diabatic representation including 16 nuclear degrees of freedom. The results show that the early time photophysics (<400 fs) is controlled by the interaction between two MC dissociative states, namely, S5 and S11, with the lowest S1-S3 MLCT bound states. In particular, the presence of S1/S5 and S2/S11 crossings within the diabatic picture along the Mn-COaxial dissociative coordinate (qMn-COaxial) favors a two-stepwise population of the dissociative states, at about 60-70 fs (S11) and 160-180 fs (S5), which reaches about 10% within 200 fs. The one-dimensional reduced densities associated with the dissociative states along qMn-COaxial as a function of time clearly point to concurrent primary processes, namely, CO release vs entrapping into the S1 and S2 potential wells of the lowest luminescent MLCT states within 400 fs, characteristics of luminescent photoCORM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Fumanal
- Laboratoire de Chimie Quantique, Institut de Chimie Strasbourg, UMR-7177 CNRS/Université de Strasbourg, 1 Rue Blaise Pascal BP 296/R8, F-67008 Strasbourg, France
| | - Chantal Daniel
- Laboratoire de Chimie Quantique, Institut de Chimie Strasbourg, UMR-7177 CNRS/Université de Strasbourg, 1 Rue Blaise Pascal BP 296/R8, F-67008 Strasbourg, France
| | - Etienne Gindensperger
- Laboratoire de Chimie Quantique, Institut de Chimie Strasbourg, UMR-7177 CNRS/Université de Strasbourg, 1 Rue Blaise Pascal BP 296/R8, F-67008 Strasbourg, France
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9
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Phototriggered cytotoxic properties of tricarbonyl manganese(I) complexes bearing α-diimine ligands towards HepG2. J Biol Inorg Chem 2021; 26:135-147. [PMID: 33638701 DOI: 10.1007/s00775-020-01843-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2020] [Accepted: 12/01/2020] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Reaction between bromo tricarbonyl manganese(I) and N,N'-bis(phenyl)-1,4-diaza-1,3-butadiene ligands, bearing different electron-donating and electron-withdrawing groups R = OCH3, Cl, and NO2 in the ortho- and para-positions on the phenyl substituent, afforded [MnBr(CO)3(N-N)] complexes. The influence of the character and position of the substituent on the dark stability and carbon monoxide releasing kinetics was systematically investigated and correlated with the data of the time-dependent density functional theory calculations. The combined UV/Vis and IR data clearly revealed that the aerated solutions of [MnBr(CO)3(N-N)] in either coordinating or noncoordinating solvents are dark stable and the fluctuations observed during the incubation period especially in the case of the nitro derivatives may be attributed to the exchange of the axial bromo ligand with the coordinating solvent molecules. The free ligands and nitro complexes were non-cytotoxic to HepG2 cells under both the dark and illumination conditions. In the dark, Mn(I) compounds, incorporating o-OCH3 and o-Cl, exhibited excellent cytotoxicity with IC50 values of 18.1 and 11.8 μM, while their para-substituted analogues were inactive in the dark and active upon the irradiation at 365 nm with IC50 values of 5.7 and 6.7 μM, respectively.
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10
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Weinstain R, Slanina T, Kand D, Klán P. Visible-to-NIR-Light Activated Release: From Small Molecules to Nanomaterials. Chem Rev 2020; 120:13135-13272. [PMID: 33125209 PMCID: PMC7833475 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.0c00663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 242] [Impact Index Per Article: 60.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Photoactivatable (alternatively, photoremovable, photoreleasable, or photocleavable) protecting groups (PPGs), also known as caged or photocaged compounds, are used to enable non-invasive spatiotemporal photochemical control over the release of species of interest. Recent years have seen the development of PPGs activatable by biologically and chemically benign visible and near-infrared (NIR) light. These long-wavelength-absorbing moieties expand the applicability of this powerful method and its accessibility to non-specialist users. This review comprehensively covers organic and transition metal-containing photoactivatable compounds (complexes) that absorb in the visible- and NIR-range to release various leaving groups and gasotransmitters (carbon monoxide, nitric oxide, and hydrogen sulfide). The text also covers visible- and NIR-light-induced photosensitized release using molecular sensitizers, quantum dots, and upconversion and second-harmonic nanoparticles, as well as release via photodynamic (photooxygenation by singlet oxygen) and photothermal effects. Release from photoactivatable polymers, micelles, vesicles, and photoswitches, along with the related emerging field of photopharmacology, is discussed at the end of the review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roy Weinstain
- School
of Plant Sciences and Food Security, Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv 6997801, Israel
| | - Tomáš Slanina
- Institute
of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Flemingovo nám. 2, 166 10 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Dnyaneshwar Kand
- School
of Plant Sciences and Food Security, Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv 6997801, Israel
| | - Petr Klán
- Department
of Chemistry and RECETOX, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic
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11
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Pordel S, Schrage BR, Ziegler CJ, White JK. Impact of steric bulk on photoinduced ligand exchange reactions in Mn(I) photoCORMs. Inorganica Chim Acta 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ica.2020.119845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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12
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Weiss VC, Farias G, Amorim AL, Xavier FR, Camargo TP, Bregalda MB, Haukka M, Nordlander E, de Souza B, Peralta RA. Luminescent PhotoCORMs: Enabling/Disabling CO Delivery upon Blue Light Irradiation. Inorg Chem 2020; 59:13078-13090. [PMID: 32902965 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.0c00638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
The new luminescent carbonyl compounds [Mn(Oxa-H)(CO)3Br] (1) and [Mn(Oxa-NMe2)(CO)3Br] (2) were synthesized and fully characterized. Complexes 1 and 2 showed CO release under blue light (λ453). Spectroscopic techniques and TD-DFT and SOC-TD-DFT calculations indicated that 1 and 2 release the Oxa-H and Oxa-NMe2 coligands in addition to the carbonyl ligands, increasing the luminescence during photoinduction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vitor C Weiss
- Departamento de Química, LABINC, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina (UFSC), Florianópolis, Santa Catarina 88040-900, Brazil.,Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia de Santa Catarina - IFSC, Campus Florianópolis, Santa Catarina 88020-300, Brazil
| | - Giliandro Farias
- Departamento de Química, LABINC, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina (UFSC), Florianópolis, Santa Catarina 88040-900, Brazil
| | - André L Amorim
- Departamento de Química, LABINC, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina (UFSC), Florianópolis, Santa Catarina 88040-900, Brazil
| | - Fernando R Xavier
- Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina (UDESC), Campus Joinville, 89219-710 Joinville, SC, Brazil
| | - Tiago P Camargo
- Departamento Acadêmico de Química e Biologia, Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná (UTFPR), Campus Curitiba, Curitiba 81290-000, Brazil
| | - Mayana B Bregalda
- Departamento Acadêmico de Química e Biologia, Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná (UTFPR), Campus Curitiba, Curitiba 81290-000, Brazil
| | - Matti Haukka
- Department of Chemistry, University of Jyväskylä, P.O. Box 35, FI-400 14 Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Ebbe Nordlander
- Chemical Physics, Department of Chemistry, Lund University, P.O. Box 124, SE- 22100 Lund, Sweden
| | - Bernardo de Souza
- Departamento de Química, LABINC, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina (UFSC), Florianópolis, Santa Catarina 88040-900, Brazil
| | - Rosely A Peralta
- Departamento de Química, LABINC, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina (UFSC), Florianópolis, Santa Catarina 88040-900, Brazil
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13
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Khaled RM, Friedrich A, Ragheb MA, Abdel-Ghani NT, Mansour AM. Cytotoxicity of photoactivatable bromo tricarbonyl manganese(i) compounds against human liver carcinoma cells. Dalton Trans 2020; 49:9294-9305. [PMID: 32578643 DOI: 10.1039/d0dt01539c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Two series of photoinduced tricarbonyl manganese(i) compounds were prepared from the reaction of [MnBr(CO)3(2-C(H)[double bond, length as m-dash]O)] (2-C(H)[double bond, length as m-dash]O: quinoline-2-carboxaldehyde and pyridine-2-carboxaldehyde) and para-substituted aniline derivatives (X = OH, OCH3, Cl and NO2). Different electron-donating and electron-withdrawing substituents were introduced in the para-position of the phenyl ring to investigate their influence on the stability of the compounds in the dark and the photophysical properties upon illumination at 525 nm. When kept in the dark, the aerated solutions of the complexes in dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) and CH2Cl2 were stable. In the solution, the complexes bearing electron-withdrawing substituents, exchange their bromo ligands with DMSO solvent molecules, as evidenced from infrared and UV/Vis studies as well as time-dependent density functional theory (TDDFT) calculations. The complexes were assessed for their cytotoxicity, both in the dark and upon exposure to a 525 nm LED, against the human hepatocarcinoma cell line (HepG2). A marked reduction in the viability of HepG2 cells treated with the complex functionalized with quinoline and methoxy substituent was observed after illumination in a dose-dependent manner, with an IC50 value of 7.1 μM, making it the most phototoxic compound in our study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rabaa M Khaled
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Gamma Street, Giza, Cairo 12613, Egypt.
| | - Alexandra Friedrich
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, D-97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Mohamed A Ragheb
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Gamma Street, Giza, Cairo 12613, Egypt.
| | - Nour T Abdel-Ghani
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Gamma Street, Giza, Cairo 12613, Egypt.
| | - Ahmed M Mansour
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Gamma Street, Giza, Cairo 12613, Egypt.
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14
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Rossier J, Delasoie J, Haeni L, Hauser D, Rothen-Rutishauser B, Zobi F. Cytotoxicity of Mn-based photoCORMs of ethynyl-α-diimine ligands against different cancer cell lines: The key role of CO-depleted metal fragments. J Inorg Biochem 2020; 209:111122. [PMID: 32497818 DOI: 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2020.111122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2020] [Revised: 05/22/2020] [Accepted: 05/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
A series of tricarbonyl manganese complexes bearing 4-ethynyl-2,2'-bipyridine and 5-ethynyl-1,10-phenanthroline α-diimine ligands were synthetized, characterized and conjugated to vitamin B12, previously used as a vector for drug delivery, to take advantage of its water solubility and specificity toward cancer cells. The compounds act as photoactivatable carbon monoxide-releasing molecules rapidly liberating on average ca. 2.3 equivalents of CO upon photo-irradiation. Complexes and conjugates were tested for their anticancer effects, both in the dark and following photo-activation, against breast cancer MCF-7, lung carcinoma A549 and colon adenocarcinoma HT29 cell lines as well as immortalized human bronchial epithelial cells 16HBE14o- as the non-carcinogenic control. Our results indicate that the light-induced cytotoxicity these molecules can be attributed to both their released CO and to their CO-depleted metal fragments including liberated ligands.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeremie Rossier
- Department of Chemistry, University of Fribourg, Chemin du Musée 9, 1700 Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Joachim Delasoie
- Department of Chemistry, University of Fribourg, Chemin du Musée 9, 1700 Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Laetitia Haeni
- Adolphe Merkle Institute, Chemin des Verdiers 4, 1700 Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Daniel Hauser
- Adolphe Merkle Institute, Chemin des Verdiers 4, 1700 Fribourg, Switzerland
| | | | - Fabio Zobi
- Department of Chemistry, University of Fribourg, Chemin du Musée 9, 1700 Fribourg, Switzerland.
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15
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Delasoie J, Schiel P, Vojnovic S, Nikodinovic-Runic J, Zobi F. Photoactivatable Surface-Functionalized Diatom Microalgae for Colorectal Cancer Targeted Delivery and Enhanced Cytotoxicity of Anticancer Complexes. Pharmaceutics 2020; 12:E480. [PMID: 32466116 PMCID: PMC7285135 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics12050480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2020] [Revised: 05/19/2020] [Accepted: 05/20/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Systemic toxicity and severe side effects are commonly associated with anticancer chemotherapies. New strategies based on enhanced drug selectivity and targeted delivery to cancer cells while leaving healthy tissue undamaged can reduce the global patient burden. Herein, we report the design, synthesis and characterization of a bio-inspired hybrid multifunctional drug delivery system based on diatom microalgae. The microalgae's surface was chemically functionalized with hybrid vitamin B12-photoactivatable molecules and the materials further loaded with highly active rhenium(I) tricarbonyl anticancer complexes. The constructs showed enhanced adherence to colorectal cancer (CRC) cells and slow release of the chemotherapeutic drugs. The overall toxicity of the hybrid multifunctional drug delivery system was further enhanced by photoactivation of the microalgae surface. Depending on the construct and anticancer drug, a 2-fold increase in the cytotoxic efficacy of the drug was observed upon light irradiation. The use of this targeted drug delivery strategy, together with selective spatial-temporal light activation, may lead to lower effective concentration of anticancer drugs, thereby reducing medication doses, possible side effects and overall burden for the patient.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joachim Delasoie
- Department of Chemistry, Fribourg University, Chemin du Musée 9, 1700 Fribourg, Switzerland; (J.D.); (P.S.)
| | - Philippe Schiel
- Department of Chemistry, Fribourg University, Chemin du Musée 9, 1700 Fribourg, Switzerland; (J.D.); (P.S.)
| | - Sandra Vojnovic
- Institute of Molecular Genetics and Genetic Engineering, University of Belgrade, Vojvode Stepe 444a, 11042 Belgrade, Serbia; (S.V.); (J.N.-R.)
| | - Jasmina Nikodinovic-Runic
- Institute of Molecular Genetics and Genetic Engineering, University of Belgrade, Vojvode Stepe 444a, 11042 Belgrade, Serbia; (S.V.); (J.N.-R.)
| | - Fabio Zobi
- Department of Chemistry, Fribourg University, Chemin du Musée 9, 1700 Fribourg, Switzerland; (J.D.); (P.S.)
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Pordel S, White JK. Impact of Mn(I) photoCORM ligand set on photochemical intermediate formation during visible light-activated CO release. Inorganica Chim Acta 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ica.2019.119206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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17
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Pinto MN, Chakraborty I, Jimenez J, Murphy K, Wenger J, Mascharak PK. Therapeutic Potential of Two Visible Light Responsive Luminescent photoCORMs: Enhanced Cellular Internalization Driven by Lipophilicity. Inorg Chem 2019; 58:14522-14531. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.9b02121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Miguel N. Pinto
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Santa Cruz, 1156 High Street, Santa Cruz, California 95064, United States
| | - Indranil Chakraborty
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida International University, 11200 SW Eighth Street, Miami, Florida 33199, United States
| | - Jorge Jimenez
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Santa Cruz, 1156 High Street, Santa Cruz, California 95064, United States
| | - Katelyn Murphy
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Santa Cruz, 1156 High Street, Santa Cruz, California 95064, United States
| | - John Wenger
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Santa Cruz, 1156 High Street, Santa Cruz, California 95064, United States
| | - Pradip K. Mascharak
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Santa Cruz, 1156 High Street, Santa Cruz, California 95064, United States
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18
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Soboleva T, Berreau LM. Tracking CO release in cells via the luminescence of donor molecules and/or their by-products. Isr J Chem 2019; 59:339-350. [PMID: 31516159 DOI: 10.1002/ijch.201800172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Carbon monoxide (CO) is a bioactive signalling molecule that is produced endogenously via the breakdown of heme. Beneficial health effects associated with the delivery of CO gas have spurred the development of CO-releasing molecules (CORMs) that can be used to provide specific amounts of the gas. In addition to their potential use as therapeutics, CORMs are needed to provide insight into the biological targets of CO. In this regard, light-activated CO-releasing molecules (photoCORMs), are valuable for examining the effects of localized CO release. Herein we examine luminescent CORMs and photoCORMs that have been reported for tracking CO delivery in cells. A variety of motifs are available that exhibit differing luminescence properties and cover a wide range of wavelengths. Trackable CO donors have been successfully applied to targeting CO delivery to mitochondria, thus demonstrating the feasibility of using such molecules in detailed investigations of the biological roles of CO.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatiana Soboleva
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, Utah State University, 0300 Old Main Hill, Logan, Utah 84322-0300, United States
| | - Lisa M Berreau
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, Utah State University, 0300 Old Main Hill, Logan, Utah 84322-0300, United States
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