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Nájera AI, Nieto S, Barron LJR, Albisu M. A Review of the Preservation of Hard and Semi-Hard Cheeses: Quality and Safety. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2021; 18:ijerph18189789. [PMID: 34574712 PMCID: PMC8469587 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18189789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2021] [Revised: 09/09/2021] [Accepted: 09/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Cheese is a dairy product with potential health benefits. Cheese consumption has increased due to the significant diversity of varieties, versatility of product presentation, and changes in consumers’ lifestyles. Spoilage of hard and semi-hard cheeses can be promoted by their maturation period and/or by their long shelf-life. Therefore, preservation studies play a fundamental role in maintaining and/or increasing their shelf-life, and are of significant importance for the dairy sector. The aim of this review is to discuss the most effective methods to ensure the safety and sensory quality of ripened cheeses. We review traditional methods, such as freezing, and modern and innovative technologies, such as high hydrostatic pressures, chemical and natural vegetable origin preservatives, vacuum and modified atmosphere packaging, edible coatings and films, and other technologies applied at the end of storage and marketing stages, including light pulses and irradiation. For each technology, the main advantages and limitations for industrial application in the dairy sector are discussed. Each type of cheese requires a specific preservation treatment and optimal application conditions to ensure cheese quality and safety during storage. The environmental impact of the preservation technologies and their contribution to the sustainability of the food chain are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Isabel Nájera
- Lactiker Research Group, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidad del País Vasco/Euskal Herriko Unibertsitatea, 01006 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain;
- Correspondence: (A.I.N.); (M.A.); Tel.: +34-945-013-077 (A.I.N.); +34-945-013-072 (M.A.)
| | - Sonia Nieto
- Efficient and Sustainable Processes Department, Bizkaia Technology Park, AZTI, P.O. Box 609, 48160 Derio, Spain;
| | - Luis Javier R. Barron
- Lactiker Research Group, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidad del País Vasco/Euskal Herriko Unibertsitatea, 01006 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain;
| | - Marta Albisu
- Lactiker Research Group, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidad del País Vasco/Euskal Herriko Unibertsitatea, 01006 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain;
- Correspondence: (A.I.N.); (M.A.); Tel.: +34-945-013-077 (A.I.N.); +34-945-013-072 (M.A.)
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Jia R, Zhang F, Song Y, Lou Y, Zhao A, Liu Y, Peng H, Hui Y, Ren R, Wang B. Physicochemical and textural characteristics and volatile compounds of semihard goat cheese as affected by starter cultures. J Dairy Sci 2020; 104:270-280. [PMID: 33131819 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2020-18884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2020] [Accepted: 08/08/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Today, cheese is valued because of its high nutritional value and unique characteristics. Improving the texture and flavor of cheese by selecting suitable starter cultures is an important way to promote the development of cheese industry. The effect of starter cultures on the physicochemical and textural properties and volatile compounds during the ripening of semihard goat cheese were investigated in this work. Different starter cultures-mesophilic (M) and thermophilic starters (T), Lactobacillus plantarum ssp. plantarum ATCC 14917 (Lp), a mix of the M and T starters (M1), and mix of the M, T, and Lp starters (M2)-were used in the production of the goat cheeses. Volatile compounds were determined by a solid-phase microextraction/gas chromatography-mass spectrometric (SPME/GC-MS) method. The results showed that the moisture content of cheeses produced with the 5 kinds of starter cultures decreased after maturation, whereas ash content increased. The pH values of goat cheeses decreased first and then increased during maturity, and the pH value of M2 cheese was the lowest among the cheeses. The hardness and chewiness of the cheeses increased with increasing maturity, whereas cohesiveness, springiness, and resilience showed the opposite tendency. The 60-d-old cheese made with Lp had the highest chewiness, cohesiveness, springiness, and resilience, whereas the 60-d-old cheese made with M2 had the highest hardness. A total of 53 volatile components were identified by SPME/GC-MS, and carboxylic acids, alcohols, ketones, and esters were the 4 major contributors to the characteristic flavors of the cheeses. Volatile components and their contents differed greatly among the produced cheeses. The M2 cheese contained the highest relative content of the main volatile compounds (90.10%), especially butanoic acid and acetoin. Through a comprehensive comparison of the results, we concluded that M2 cheese had a dense texture and milky flavor, and M2 is a potential starter culture candidate for the production of goat cheese.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rong Jia
- College of Food Engineering and Nutritional Science, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710119, China
| | - Fuxin Zhang
- College of Food Engineering and Nutritional Science, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710119, China
| | - Yuxuan Song
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Yuting Lou
- College of Food Engineering and Nutritional Science, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710119, China
| | - Aiqing Zhao
- College of Food Engineering and Nutritional Science, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710119, China
| | - Yufang Liu
- College of Food Engineering and Nutritional Science, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710119, China
| | - Haishuai Peng
- College of Food Engineering and Nutritional Science, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710119, China
| | - Yuanyuan Hui
- College of Food Engineering and Nutritional Science, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710119, China
| | - Rong Ren
- College of Food Engineering and Nutritional Science, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710119, China
| | - Bini Wang
- College of Food Engineering and Nutritional Science, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710119, China.
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Siroli L, Patrignani F, D’Alessandro M, Salvetti E, Torriani S, Lanciotti R. Suitability of the Nisin Z-producer Lactococcus lactis subsp. lactis CBM 21 to be Used as an Adjunct Culture for Squacquerone Cheese Production. Animals (Basel) 2020; 10:E782. [PMID: 32365951 PMCID: PMC7277329 DOI: 10.3390/ani10050782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2020] [Revised: 04/27/2020] [Accepted: 04/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
This research investigated the technological and safety effects of the nisin Z producer Lactococcus lactis subsp. lactis CBM 21, tested as an adjunct culture for the making of Squacquerone cheese in a pilot-scale plant. The biocontrol agent remained at a high level throughout the cheese refrigerated storage, without having a negative influence on the viability of the conventional Streptococcus thermophilus starter. The inclusion of CBM 21 in Squacquerone cheesemaking proved to be more effective compared to the traditional one, to reduce total coliforms and Pseudomonas spp. Moreover, the novel/innovative adjunct culture tested did not negatively modify the proteolytic patterns of Squacquerone cheese, but it gave rise to products with specific volatile and texture profiles. The cheese produced with CBM 21 was more appreciated by the panelists with respect to the traditional one.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorenzo Siroli
- Department of Agricultural and Food Sciences, University of Bologna, Piazza Goidanich 60, 47521 Cesena, Italy; (L.S.); (M.D.); (R.L.)
| | - Francesca Patrignani
- Department of Agricultural and Food Sciences, University of Bologna, Piazza Goidanich 60, 47521 Cesena, Italy; (L.S.); (M.D.); (R.L.)
- Interdepartmental Center for Industrial Agri-food Research, University of Bologna, Piazza Goidanich 60, 47521 Cesena, Italy
| | - Margherita D’Alessandro
- Department of Agricultural and Food Sciences, University of Bologna, Piazza Goidanich 60, 47521 Cesena, Italy; (L.S.); (M.D.); (R.L.)
| | - Elisa Salvetti
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Verona, Strada le Grazie 15, 37134 Verona, Italy; (E.S.); (S.T.)
| | - Sandra Torriani
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Verona, Strada le Grazie 15, 37134 Verona, Italy; (E.S.); (S.T.)
| | - Rosalba Lanciotti
- Department of Agricultural and Food Sciences, University of Bologna, Piazza Goidanich 60, 47521 Cesena, Italy; (L.S.); (M.D.); (R.L.)
- Interdepartmental Center for Industrial Agri-food Research, University of Bologna, Piazza Goidanich 60, 47521 Cesena, Italy
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Reyes-Díaz R, González-Córdova AF, del Carmen Estrada-Montoya M, Méndez-Romero JI, Mazorra-Manzano MA, Soto-Valdez H, Vallejo-Cordoba B. Volatile and sensory evaluation of Mexican Fresco cheese as affected by specific wild Lactococcus lactis strains. J Dairy Sci 2020; 103:242-253. [DOI: 10.3168/jds.2019-17188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2019] [Accepted: 09/28/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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del Olmo A, Picon A, Nuñez M. Cheese supplementation with five species of edible seaweeds: Effect on microbiota, antioxidant activity, colour, texture and sensory characteristics. Int Dairy J 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.idairyj.2018.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Calzada J, del Olmo A, Picon A, Nuñez M. Effect of High Pressure Processing on the Lipolysis, Volatile Compounds, Odour and Colour of Cheese Made from Unpasteurized Milk. FOOD BIOPROCESS TECH 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/s11947-015-1473-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Calzada J, Del Olmo A, Picon A, Gaya P, Nuñez M. High-pressure processing decelerates lipolysis and formation of volatile compounds in ovine milk blue-veined cheese. J Dairy Sci 2013; 96:7500-10. [DOI: 10.3168/jds.2013-7221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2013] [Accepted: 09/05/2013] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Calzada J, del Olmo A, Picon A, Gaya P, Nuñez M. High-Pressure Processing for the Control of Lipolysis, Volatile Compounds and Off-odours in Raw Milk Cheese. FOOD BIOPROCESS TECH. [DOI: 10.1007/s11947-013-1206-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Alonso R, Picon A, Gaya P, Nuñez M. Proteolysis, lipolysis, volatile compounds and sensory characteristics of Hispánico cheeses made using frozen curd from raw and pasteurized ewe milk. J DAIRY RES 2013; 80:51-7. [PMID: 23253470 DOI: 10.1017/S0022029912000738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Hispánico cheese, manufactured from a mixture of cow and ewe milk, is representative of cheese varieties made using milk from more than one animal species in Mediterranean countries. The shortage of ewe milk production in autumn hinders the uniformity of Hispánico cheese composition throughout the year. To surmount this inconvenience of ewe milk seasonality, curds made in spring from raw and pasteurized ewe milk were stored frozen and used four months later for the manufacture of Hispánico cheese. Experimental cheeses were made by mixing fresh curd from pasteurized cow milk with thawed curd from raw or pasteurized ewe milk, and control cheese from a mixture of pasteurized cow and ewe milk in the same proportion. Characteristics of experimental and control cheeses throughout a 60-d ripening period were investigated. On the one hand, the experimental cheese containing frozen curd from raw ewe milk showed the highest counts of staphylococci, Gram-negative bacteria and coliforms, the highest levels of aminopeptidase and esterase activity, and the highest concentrations of free amino acids, free fatty acids, alcohols and esters. On the other, the experimental cheese containing frozen curd from pasteurized ewe milk had concentrations of free amino acids, free fatty acids and volatile compounds similar to those of control cheese, with the only exception being a higher level of ketones. Flavour intensity reached the highest scores in the experimental cheese containing frozen curd from raw ewe milk, followed by the experimental cheese containing frozen curd from pasteurized ewe milk. Flavour quality scores of both experimental cheeses were similar, and lower than those of control cheese.
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Picon A, Alonso R, Gaya P, Nuñez M. High-Pressure Treatment and Freezing of Raw Goat Milk Curd for Cheese Manufacture: Effects on Cheese Characteristics. FOOD BIOPROCESS TECH 2013; 6:2820-30. [DOI: 10.1007/s11947-012-0923-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Alonso R, Picon A, Gaya P, Fernández-García E, Nuñez M. Effect of high-pressure treatment of ewe raw milk curd at 200 and 300 MPa on characteristics of Hispánico cheese. J Dairy Sci 2012; 95:3501-13. [DOI: 10.3168/jds.2011-4979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2011] [Accepted: 02/22/2012] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Martínez-Rodríguez Y, Acosta-Muñiz C, Olivas GI, Guerrero-Beltrán J, Rodrigo-Aliaga D, Sepúlveda DR. High Hydrostatic Pressure Processing of Cheese. Compr Rev Food Sci Food Saf 2012. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1541-4337.2012.00192.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Alonso R, Picon A, Rodríguez B, Gaya P, Fernández-garcía E, Nuñez M. Microbiological, chemical, and sensory characteristics of Hispánico cheese manufactured using frozen high pressure treated curds made from raw ovine milk. Int Dairy J 2011; 21:484-92. [DOI: 10.1016/j.idairyj.2011.02.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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ÖZER BARBAROS, KIRMACI HÜSEYINA, HAYALOGLU ALIA, AKÇELIK MUSTAFA, AKKOÇ NEFISE. The effects of incorporating wild-type strains of Lactococcus lactis into Turkish white-brined cheese (Beyaz peynir) on the fatty acid and volatile content. INT J DAIRY TECHNOL 2011. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1471-0307.2011.00683.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Dherbécourt J, Bourlieu C, Maillard MB, Aubert-Frogerais L, Richoux R, Thierry A. Time course and specificity of lipolysis in Swiss cheese. J Agric Food Chem 2010; 58:11732-11739. [PMID: 20961108 DOI: 10.1021/jf102572z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Controlling lipolysis in cheese is necessary to ensure the formation of desirable flavor. To get a better understanding of the mechanism of lipolysis in Swiss cheese, cheeses were manufactured with and without (control) the addition of Propionibacterium freudenreichii. Products of lipolysis were quantified throughout ripening. Half of the free fatty acids (FFA) released in milk (3.66 mg/g fat), in particular the short-chain FFA, were lost in the whey during curd drainage, whereas diglycerides and monoglycerides were retained within the curd. P. freudenreichii was responsible for the release of most FFA during ripening (10.84 and 0.39 mg/g fat in propionibacteria-containing and control cheeses, respectively). Indices of lipolysis displayed low specificity. All types of FFA were released, but butyric and palmitic acids more significantly, which could be due to a low sn-1,3 regioselectivity. All glycerides were hydrolyzed in the following order: monoglycerides>diglycerides>triglycerides. The results of this study show the quantitative and qualitative contributions of the different lipolytic agents to Swiss cheese lipolysis.
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Picon A, Alonso R, Gaya P, Fernández-García E, Rodríguez B, de Paz M, Nuñez M. Microbiological, chemical, textural and sensory characteristics of Hispánico cheese manufactured using frozen ovine milk curds scalded at different temperatures. Int Dairy J 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.idairyj.2009.12.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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