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Ling N, Tian H, Wang Q, Gao M, Xu G, Sun Y, Song D, Li W, Ji C. Advance in Hippophae rhamnoides polysaccharides: Extraction, structural characteristics, pharmacological activity, structure-activity relationship and application. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 270:132420. [PMID: 38763246 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.132420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2023] [Revised: 04/24/2024] [Accepted: 05/14/2024] [Indexed: 05/21/2024]
Abstract
Hippophae rhamnoides (Sea buckthorn) is an excellent medicinal and edible plant owing to its high nutritional and health-promoting properties. As an important bioactive component, H. rhamnoides polysaccharides (HRPs) have aroused wide attention due to their various pharmacological activities, including hepatoprotective, immuno-modulatory, anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidant, anti-tumor, hypoglycemic, anti-obesity, and so on. Nevertheless, the development and utilization of HRP-derived functional food and medicines are constrained to a lack of comprehensive understanding of the structure-activity relationship, application, and safety of HRPs. This review systematically summarizes the advancements on the extraction, purification, structural characteristics, pharmacological activities and mechanisms of HRPs. The structure-activity relationship, safety evaluation, application, as well as the shortcomings of current research and promising prospects are also highlighted. This article aims to offer a comprehensive understanding of HRPs and lay a groundwork for future research and utilization of HRPs as multifunctional biomaterials and therapeutic agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na Ling
- Pharmaceutical Engineering Technology Research Center, Harbin University of Commerce, Harbin 150076, China; Engineering Research Center for Natural Antitumor Drugs, Ministry of Education, Harbin 150076, China.
| | - Haiyan Tian
- Pharmaceutical Engineering Technology Research Center, Harbin University of Commerce, Harbin 150076, China; Engineering Research Center for Natural Antitumor Drugs, Ministry of Education, Harbin 150076, China
| | - Qiyao Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Harbin University of Commerce, Harbin 150076, China; School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China
| | - Mingze Gao
- Pharmaceutical Engineering Technology Research Center, Harbin University of Commerce, Harbin 150076, China; Engineering Research Center for Natural Antitumor Drugs, Ministry of Education, Harbin 150076, China
| | - Guiguo Xu
- Pharmaceutical Engineering Technology Research Center, Harbin University of Commerce, Harbin 150076, China; Engineering Research Center for Natural Antitumor Drugs, Ministry of Education, Harbin 150076, China
| | - Yuan Sun
- Pharmaceutical Engineering Technology Research Center, Harbin University of Commerce, Harbin 150076, China; Engineering Research Center for Natural Antitumor Drugs, Ministry of Education, Harbin 150076, China
| | - Dongxue Song
- Pharmaceutical Engineering Technology Research Center, Harbin University of Commerce, Harbin 150076, China; Engineering Research Center for Natural Antitumor Drugs, Ministry of Education, Harbin 150076, China
| | - Wenlan Li
- Pharmaceutical Engineering Technology Research Center, Harbin University of Commerce, Harbin 150076, China; Engineering Research Center for Natural Antitumor Drugs, Ministry of Education, Harbin 150076, China.
| | - Chenfeng Ji
- Pharmaceutical Engineering Technology Research Center, Harbin University of Commerce, Harbin 150076, China; Engineering Research Center for Natural Antitumor Drugs, Ministry of Education, Harbin 150076, China.
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Li Y, Zheng J, Wang Y, Yang H, Cao L, Gan S, Ma J, Liu H. Immuno-stimulatory activity of Astragalus polysaccharides in cyclophosphamide-induced immunosuppressed mice by regulating gut microbiota. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 242:124789. [PMID: 37164141 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.124789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2023] [Revised: 04/16/2023] [Accepted: 05/05/2023] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Evidence has indicated the immune-stimulatory effect of Astragalus polysaccharides (APS), yet it remains unknown whether the potential mechanism is associated with gut microbiota. In this study, we aimed to investigate the role of gut microbiota in APS-initiated immune-enhancing activity in mice. BALB/c mice were injected with cyclophosphamide to establish a mouse immunosuppression model. We found that APS significantly ameliorated the immunosuppression in mice, indicative of the increased immune organ indices, the promoted proliferation of immune cells, and the up-regulated intestinal inflammation. Western blot analysis demonstrated that APS treatment significantly activated Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathways in the intestine. By 16S rDNA sequencing, APS treatment reversed the gut microbiota dysbiosis in immunocompromised mice. At the genus level, APS increased the abundance of bacteria (like Lactobacillus, Bifidobacteria, Roseburia, and Desulfovibrio) and decreased the content of several bacteria (like Oscillibacter, Tyzzerella, and Lachnoclostridium). However, APS had no immune-enhancing effect on immunocompromised mice with gut microbiota depletion. In conclusion, APS can enhance immune responses in immunocompromised mice by modulating gut microbiota dysbiosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanan Li
- College of Basic Medical Sciences, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan 430065, PR China; College of Acupuncture and Orthopedics, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan 430065, PR China
| | - Junping Zheng
- College of Basic Medical Sciences, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan 430065, PR China
| | - Yao Wang
- College of Basic Medical Sciences, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan 430065, PR China; College of Acupuncture and Orthopedics, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan 430065, PR China
| | - Huabing Yang
- College of Basic Medical Sciences, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan 430065, PR China
| | - Lu Cao
- College of Basic Medical Sciences, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan 430065, PR China
| | - Shuiyong Gan
- College of Acupuncture and Orthopedics, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan 430065, PR China.
| | - Jun Ma
- College of Acupuncture and Orthopedics, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan 430065, PR China.
| | - Hongtao Liu
- College of Basic Medical Sciences, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan 430065, PR China.
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Yu X, Miao Z, Zhang L, Zhu L, Sheng H. Extraction, purification, structure characteristics, biological activities and pharmaceutical application of Bupleuri Radix Polysaccharide: A review. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 237:124146. [PMID: 36965565 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.124146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2023] [Revised: 03/12/2023] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 03/27/2023]
Abstract
Bupleuri Radix (BR), as a well-known plant medicine of relieving exterior syndrome, has a long history of usage in China. Bupleuri Radix Polysaccharide (BRP), as the main component and an important bioactive substance of BR, has a variety of pharmacological activities, including immunoregulation, antioxidant, antitumor, anti-diabetic and anti-aging, etc. In this review, the advancements on extraction, purification, structure characteristics, biological activities and pharmaceutical application of BRP from different sources (Bupleurum chinense DC., Bupleurum scorzonerifolium Willd., Bupleurum falcatum L. and Bupleurum smithii Woiff. var. Parvifolium Shan et Y. Li.) are summarized. Meanwhile, this review makes an in-depth discussion on the shortcomings of the research on BRP, and new valuable insights for the future researches of BRP are proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyue Yu
- College of pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 4655 Daxue Road, Jinan 250355, China
| | - Zhuang Miao
- College of pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 4655 Daxue Road, Jinan 250355, China
| | - Lizhen Zhang
- College of pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 4655 Daxue Road, Jinan 250355, China
| | - Liqiao Zhu
- College of pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 4655 Daxue Road, Jinan 250355, China.
| | - Huagang Sheng
- College of pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 4655 Daxue Road, Jinan 250355, China.
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Optimization of the nutritional constituents for ergosterol peroxide production by Paecilomyces cicadae based on the uniform design and mathematical model. Sci Rep 2022; 12:5853. [PMID: 35393454 PMCID: PMC8991264 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-09773-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2021] [Accepted: 01/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
we optimized medium components for the production of ergosterol peroxide (EP) by Paecilomyces cicadae based on a mono-factor experiment, a uniform design, and a non-linear regression analysis. The maximum EP yield achieved was 256 μg/L, which was increased by 5 folds compared with that before the optimization. Structured Monod model, Andrews model, Contois model, and Aibe model were developed to describe the effects of viscosity inhibition, substrate, and production on biomass growth. The results showed that the Monod model could predict biomass growth, and the effects of viscosity and substrate on the EP concentration were significantly higher compared with the effect of production. The addition of water and glycerol could decrease the viscosity inhibition and glycerol inhibition, and further increase the EP yield. The newly developed structured model was demonstrated for batch growth of P.cicadae.
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Zhao X, Zhang X, Liu H, Zhu H, Zhu Y. Enzyme-assisted extraction of astaxanthin from Haematococcus pluvialis and its stability and antioxidant activity. Food Sci Biotechnol 2019; 28:1637-1647. [PMID: 31807336 PMCID: PMC6859130 DOI: 10.1007/s10068-019-00608-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2018] [Revised: 03/13/2019] [Accepted: 04/01/2019] [Indexed: 10/27/2022] Open
Abstract
The release of bioactive pigments could be potentially improved by enzyme degradation of plant cell wall polysaccharides. In this study, the objective was to evaluate enzyme type (cellulase and pectinase), pH values, hydrolysis temperature and time on the release of astaxanthin from Haematococcus pluvialis (H. pluvialis). The results showed that pre-treated H. pluvialis with enzymes could improve the separation yield of astaxanthin. Pectinase release rate of astaxanthin from H. pluvialis was significantly higher than cellulase (p < 0.05), and enzyme hydrolysis time was also shorter. The stability study of astaxanthin oleoresin and microcapsule during storage at different temperature, oxygen and illumination was found that the degradation rate of astaxanthin rose with increasing temperature and illumination time, and the retention in oxygen environment decreased. The stability of astaxanthin microcapsules was better than astaxanthin oleoresin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyan Zhao
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Culinary Institute, University of Jinan, No. 13 Shungeng Road, Jinan, 250022 China
| | - Xiaowei Zhang
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Culinary Institute, University of Jinan, No. 13 Shungeng Road, Jinan, 250022 China
| | - Hongkai Liu
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Culinary Institute, University of Jinan, No. 13 Shungeng Road, Jinan, 250022 China
| | - Haitao Zhu
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Culinary Institute, University of Jinan, No. 13 Shungeng Road, Jinan, 250022 China
| | - Yunping Zhu
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Beijing Technology and Business University (BTBU), Beijing, 100048 China
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Chen X, Ji H, Zhang C, Liu A. Optimization of extraction process from Taraxacum officinale polysaccharide and its purification, structural characterization, antioxidant and anti-tumor activity. JOURNAL OF FOOD MEASUREMENT AND CHARACTERIZATION 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s11694-019-00281-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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Optimization of polysaccharide extraction process from grifola frondosa and its antioxidant and anti-tumor research. JOURNAL OF FOOD MEASUREMENT AND CHARACTERIZATION 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s11694-018-9927-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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Preparation and In Vivo Pharmacokinetics of the Tongshu Suppository. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2017; 2016:1691579. [PMID: 27610366 PMCID: PMC5004034 DOI: 10.1155/2016/1691579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2016] [Accepted: 07/19/2016] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Astragalus polysaccharide (APS) (used for intestinal protection) was added to formulate the Tongshu suppository to improve the pharmacokinetics of Aceclofenac, which were assessed in New Zealand rabbits using an orthogonal experimental design. The single-agent Aceclofenac was taken as the control formulation. The concentration-time and drug release curves were drawn, and T max (min), C max (μg·mL(-1)), AUC0→∞ , and MRT were compared using a pharmacokinetic systems program. The formulated Tongshu suppository had moderate hardness, a smooth surface with uniform color, and theoretical drug-loading rate of 8%. Its release rate was in accordance with the drug preparation requirements. The concentration-time curves and drug release curves revealed that the maximum concentrations (C max) were 4.18 ± 1.03 μg·mL(-1) and 3.34 ± 0.41 μg·mL(-1) for the Tongshu and Aceclofenac suppositories, respectively, showing statistically insignificant difference, while the peak times were 34.87 ± 4.69 min and 34.76 ± 6.34 min, respectively, also showing statistically insignificant difference. Compared with the Aceclofenac suppository, the relative bioavailability of the Tongshu suppository was 104.4%, and the difference between them was statistically insignificant. In this experiment, the Tongshu suppository was prepared using the hot-melt method. In vivo pharmacokinetic studies confirmed it had higher bioavailability than the Aceclofenac suppository.
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Optimization of extraction and enrichment of steroidal alkaloids from bulbs of cultivated Fritillaria cirrhosa. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2014; 2014:258402. [PMID: 24804207 PMCID: PMC3988724 DOI: 10.1155/2014/258402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2013] [Accepted: 03/01/2014] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
The bulbs of cultivated Fritillaria cirrhosa (BCFC) are used in China both for food and folk medicine due to its powerful biological activities. The aim of this study is to optimize the extraction and enrichment conditions of alkaloids from BCFC. Firstly, the orthogonal experimental design was used to optimize and evaluate four variables (ethanol concentration, solid-liquid ratio, extraction time, and temperature). Thereafter, resin adsorption was as a means to enrich alkaloids. Among 16 tested resins, H-103 resin presented higher adsorption capacity and desorption ratio. The equilibrium experimental data of the adsorption of total alkaloids, imperialine, and peimisine were well-fitted to the pseudo-first-order kinetics model, Langmuir and Freundlich isotherms models. Finally, in order to optimize the parameters for purifying alkaloids, dynamic adsorption and desorption tests were carried out. After one run treatment with H-103 resin, the contents of total alkaloids, imperialine, and peimisine in the product were 21.40-, 18.31-, and 22.88-fold increased with recovery yields of 94.43%, 90.57%, and 96.16%, respectively.
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