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Iannazzo D, Giofrè SV, Espro C, Celesti C. Graphene-based materials as nanoplatforms for antiviral therapy and prophylaxis. Expert Opin Drug Deliv 2024:1-16. [PMID: 38841752 DOI: 10.1080/17425247.2024.2364652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2024] [Accepted: 06/03/2024] [Indexed: 06/07/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The dramatic effects caused by viral diseases have prompted the search for effective therapeutic and preventive agents. In this context, 2D graphene-based nanomaterials (GBNs) have shown great potential for antiviral therapy, enabling the functionalization and/or decoration with biomolecules, metals and polymers, able to improve their interaction with viral nanoparticles. AREAS COVERED This review summarizes the most recent advances of the antiviral research related to 2D GBNs, based on their antiviral mechanism of action. Their ability to inactivate viruses by inhibiting the entry inside cells, or through drug/gene delivery, or by stimulating the host immune response are here discussed. As reported, biological studies performed in vitro and/or in vivo allowed to demonstrate the antiviral activity of the developed GBNs, at different stages of the virus life cycle and the evaluation of their long-term toxicity. Other mechanisms closely related to the physicochemical properties of GBNs are also reported, demonstrating the potential of these materials for antiviral prophylaxis. EXPERT OPINION GBNs represent valuable tools to fight emerging or reemerging viral infections. However, their translation into the clinic requires standardized scale-up procedures leading to the reliable and reproducible synthesis of these nanomaterials with suitable physicochemical properties, as well as more in-depth pharmacological and toxicological investigations. We believe that multidisciplinary approaches will give valuable solutions to overcome the encountered limitations in the application of GBNs in biomedical and clinical field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Iannazzo
- Department of Engineering, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Salvatore V Giofrè
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Chemistry, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Claudia Espro
- Department of Engineering, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Consuelo Celesti
- Department of Engineering, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
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Cao L, Verduijn J, Van der Meeren L, Huang Y, Vallejos LC, Skirtach AG, Parakhonskiy BV. Alginate-CaCO 3 hybrid colloidal hydrogel with tunable physicochemical properties for cell growth. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 259:129069. [PMID: 38161005 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.129069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2023] [Revised: 12/13/2023] [Accepted: 12/25/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
Biomaterials composed of food polysaccharides are of great interest for future biomedical applications due to their great biocompatibility, tunable mechanical properties, and complex architectural designs that play a crucial role in the modulation of cell adhesion and proliferation. In this work, a facile approach was designed to obtain novel 3D alginate-CaCO3 hybrid hydrogel particles in situ. Controlling the gel concentration from 3 to 20 mg·mL-1 allows us to control the alginate-CaCO3 hydrogel particles' size and density (size variation from 1.86 to 2.34 mm and density from 1.22 to 1.29 mg/mm3). This variable also has a considerable influence on the mineralization process resulting in CaCO3 particles with varied sizes and amounts within the hydrogel beads. The measurements of Young's modulus showed that the inclusion of CaCO3 particles into the alginate hydrogel improved its mechanical properties, and Young's modulus of these hybrid hydrogel particles had a linear relationship with alginate content and hydrogel particle size. Cell experiments indicated that alginate-CaCO3 hybrid hydrogel particles can support osteoblastic cell proliferation and growth. In particular, the amount of hydroxyapatite deposition on the cell membrane significantly increased after the treatment of cells with hybrid hydrogel particles, up to 20-fold. This work offers a strategy for constructing inorganic particle-doped polysaccharide hybrid hydrogel scaffolds that provide the potential to support cell growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Cao
- Nano-Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium.
| | - Joost Verduijn
- Nano-Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Louis Van der Meeren
- Nano-Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Yanqi Huang
- Nano-Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Laura Currás Vallejos
- Nano-Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Andre G Skirtach
- Nano-Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium.
| | - Bogdan V Parakhonskiy
- Nano-Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
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Cano-Vicent A, Tuñón-Molina A, Bakshi H, Sabater i Serra R, Alfagih IM, Tambuwala MM, Serrano-Aroca Á. Biocompatible Alginate Film Crosslinked with Ca 2+ and Zn 2+ Possesses Antibacterial, Antiviral, and Anticancer Activities. ACS OMEGA 2023; 8:24396-24405. [PMID: 37457479 PMCID: PMC10339430 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c01935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2023] [Accepted: 06/16/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Abstract
Alginate is a highly promising biopolymer due to its non-toxic and biodegradable properties. Alginate hydrogels are often fabricated by cross-linking sodium alginate with calcium cations and can be engineered with highly desirable enhanced physical and biological properties for biomedical applications. This study reports on the anticancer, antiviral, antibacterial, in vitro, and in vivo toxicity, water absorption, and compound release properties of an alginate hydrogel crosslinked with calcium and different amounts of zinc cations. The results showed that the calcium alginate hydrogel film crosslinked with the highest amount of zinc showed similar water sorption properties to those of calcium alginate and released a suitable amount of zinc to provide anticancer activity against melanoma and colon cancer cells and has antibacterial properties against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus epidermidis and antiviral activity against enveloped and non-enveloped viruses. This film is non-toxic in both in vitro in keratinocyte HaCaT cells and in vivo in the Caenorhabditis elegans model, which renders it especially promising for biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alba Cano-Vicent
- Biomaterials
and Bioengineering Lab, Centro de Investigación Traslacional
San Alberto Magno, Universidad Católica
de Valencia San Vicente Mártir, Valencia 46001, Spain
| | - Alberto Tuñón-Molina
- Biomaterials
and Bioengineering Lab, Centro de Investigación Traslacional
San Alberto Magno, Universidad Católica
de Valencia San Vicente Mártir, Valencia 46001, Spain
| | - Hamid Bakshi
- Hormel
Institute, University of Minnesota, Austin, Minnesota 55912, United States
| | - Roser Sabater i Serra
- Centre
for Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering, Universitat Politècnica de València, València 46022, Spain
- Biomedical
Research Networking Centre in Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine
(CIBER-BBN), València 46022, Spain
- Department
of Electrical Engineering, Universitat Politécnica
de Valencia, Valencia 46022, Spain
| | - Iman M. Alfagih
- Department
of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King
Saud University, Riyadh 4545, Saudi Arabia
| | - Murtaza M. Tambuwala
- Lincoln
Medical School, University of Lincoln, Brayford Pool Campus, Lincoln LN6 7TS, U.K.
| | - Ángel Serrano-Aroca
- Biomaterials
and Bioengineering Lab, Centro de Investigación Traslacional
San Alberto Magno, Universidad Católica
de Valencia San Vicente Mártir, Valencia 46001, Spain
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Aparicio-Collado JL, Zheng Q, Molina-Mateo J, Torregrosa Cabanilles C, Vidaurre A, Serrano-Aroca Á, Sabater i Serra R. Engineered Highly Porous Polyvinyl Alcohol Hydrogels with Poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate) and Graphene Nanosheets for Musculoskeletal Tissue Engineering: Morphology, Water Sorption, Thermal, Mechanical, Electrical Properties, and Biocompatibility. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 16:3114. [PMID: 37109950 PMCID: PMC10145967 DOI: 10.3390/ma16083114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2023] [Revised: 04/12/2023] [Accepted: 04/13/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Electroactive composite materials are very promising for musculoskeletal tissue engineering because they can be applied in combination with electrostimulation. In this context, novel graphene-based poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate)/polyvinyl alcohol (PHBV/PVA) semi-interpenetrated networks (semi-IPN) hydrogels were engineered with low amounts of graphene (G) nanosheets dispersed within the polymer matrix to endow them with electroactive properties. The nanohybrid hydrogels, obtained by applying a hybrid solvent casting-freeze-drying method, show an interconnected porous structure and a high water-absorption capacity (swelling degree > 1200%). The thermal characterization indicates that the structure presents microphase separation, with PHBV microdomains located between the PVA network. The PHBV chains located in the microdomains are able to crystallize; even more after the addition of G nanosheets, which act as a nucleating agent. Thermogravimetric analysis indicates that the degradation profile of the semi-IPN is located between those of the neat components, with an improved thermal stability at high temperatures (>450 °C) after the addition of G nanosheets. The mechanical (complex modulus) and electrical properties (surface conductivity) significantly increase in the nanohybrid hydrogels with 0.2% of G nanosheets. Nevertheless, when the amount of G nanoparticles increases fourfold (0.8%), the mechanical properties diminish and the electrical conductivity does not increase proportionally, suggesting the presence of G aggregates. The biological assessment (C2C12 murine myoblasts) indicates a good biocompatibility and proliferative behavior. These results reveal a new conductive and biocompatible semi-IPN with remarkable values of electrical conductivity and ability to induce myoblast proliferation, indicating its great potential for musculoskeletal tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- José Luis Aparicio-Collado
- Centre for Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering, Universitat Politècnica de València, 46022 València, Spain; (J.L.A.-C.); (J.M.-M.); (C.T.C.); (A.V.)
| | - Qiqi Zheng
- Centre for Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering, Universitat Politècnica de València, 46022 València, Spain; (J.L.A.-C.); (J.M.-M.); (C.T.C.); (A.V.)
| | - José Molina-Mateo
- Centre for Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering, Universitat Politècnica de València, 46022 València, Spain; (J.L.A.-C.); (J.M.-M.); (C.T.C.); (A.V.)
| | - Constantino Torregrosa Cabanilles
- Centre for Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering, Universitat Politècnica de València, 46022 València, Spain; (J.L.A.-C.); (J.M.-M.); (C.T.C.); (A.V.)
| | - Ana Vidaurre
- Centre for Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering, Universitat Politècnica de València, 46022 València, Spain; (J.L.A.-C.); (J.M.-M.); (C.T.C.); (A.V.)
- Biomedical Research Networking Centre in Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), 46022 València, Spain
| | - Ángel Serrano-Aroca
- Biomaterials and Bioengineering Lab, Centro de Investigación Traslacional San Alberto Magno, Universidad Católica de Valencia San Vicente Mártir, 46001 València, Spain
| | - Roser Sabater i Serra
- Centre for Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering, Universitat Politècnica de València, 46022 València, Spain; (J.L.A.-C.); (J.M.-M.); (C.T.C.); (A.V.)
- Biomedical Research Networking Centre in Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), 46022 València, Spain
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Universitat Politècnica de València, 46022 València, Spain
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Overview of Antimicrobial Biodegradable Polyester-Based Formulations. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24032945. [PMID: 36769266 PMCID: PMC9917530 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24032945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Revised: 01/18/2023] [Accepted: 01/21/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
As the clinical complications induced by microbial infections are known to have life-threatening side effects, conventional anti-infective therapy is necessary, but not sufficient to overcome these issues. Some of their limitations are connected to drug-related inefficiency or resistance and pathogen-related adaptive modifications. Therefore, there is an urgent need for advanced antimicrobials and antimicrobial devices. A challenging, yet successful route has been the development of new biostatic or biocide agents and biomaterials by considering the indisputable advantages of biopolymers. Polymers are attractive materials due to their physical and chemical properties, such as compositional and structural versatility, tunable reactivity, solubility and degradability, and mechanical and chemical tunability, together with their intrinsic biocompatibility and bioactivity, thus enabling the fabrication of effective pharmacologically active antimicrobial formulations. Besides representing protective or potentiating carriers for conventional drugs, biopolymers possess an impressive ability for conjugation or functionalization. These aspects are key for avoiding malicious side effects or providing targeted and triggered drug delivery (specific and selective cellular targeting), and generally to define their pharmacological efficacy. Moreover, biopolymers can be processed in different forms (particles, fibers, films, membranes, or scaffolds), which prove excellent candidates for modern anti-infective applications. This review contains an overview of antimicrobial polyester-based formulations, centered around the effect of the dimensionality over the properties of the material and the effect of the production route or post-processing actions.
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Serrano-Aroca Á, Cano-Vicent A, Sabater i Serra R, El-Tanani M, Aljabali A, Tambuwala MM, Mishra YK. Scaffolds in the microbial resistant era: Fabrication, materials, properties and tissue engineering applications. Mater Today Bio 2022; 16:100412. [PMID: 36097597 PMCID: PMC9463390 DOI: 10.1016/j.mtbio.2022.100412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2022] [Revised: 08/23/2022] [Accepted: 08/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Due to microbial infections dramatically affect cell survival and increase the risk of implant failure, scaffolds produced with antimicrobial materials are now much more likely to be successful. Multidrug-resistant infections without suitable prevention strategies are increasing at an alarming rate. The ability of cells to organize, develop, differentiate, produce a functioning extracellular matrix (ECM) and create new functional tissue can all be controlled by careful control of the extracellular microenvironment. This review covers the present state of advanced strategies to develop scaffolds with antimicrobial properties for bone, oral tissue, skin, muscle, nerve, trachea, cardiac and other tissue engineering applications. The review focuses on the development of antimicrobial scaffolds against bacteria and fungi using a wide range of materials, including polymers, biopolymers, glass, ceramics and antimicrobials agents such as antibiotics, antiseptics, antimicrobial polymers, peptides, metals, carbon nanomaterials, combinatorial strategies, and includes discussions on the antimicrobial mechanisms involved in these antimicrobial approaches. The toxicological aspects of these advanced scaffolds are also analyzed to ensure future technological transfer to clinics. The main antimicrobial methods of characterizing scaffolds’ antimicrobial and antibiofilm properties are described. The production methods of these porous supports, such as electrospinning, phase separation, gas foaming, the porogen method, polymerization in solution, fiber mesh coating, self-assembly, membrane lamination, freeze drying, 3D printing and bioprinting, among others, are also included in this article. These important advances in antimicrobial materials-based scaffolds for regenerative medicine offer many new promising avenues to the material design and tissue-engineering communities. Antibacterial, antifungal and antibiofilm scaffolds. Antimicrobial scaffold fabrication techniques. Antimicrobial biomaterials for tissue engineering applications. Antimicrobial characterization methods of scaffolds. Bone, oral tissue, skin, muscle, nerve, trachea, cardiac, among other applications.
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