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Shi C, Deng Y, An X, Chen Y, Lv X, Liu Q. Extraction, Physicochemical Properties, and In Vitro Antioxidant Activities of Chondroitin Sulfate from Bovine Nose Cartilage. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FOOD SCIENCE 2024; 2024:6328378. [PMID: 38800764 PMCID: PMC11126348 DOI: 10.1155/2024/6328378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Revised: 01/31/2024] [Accepted: 04/27/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
Beef is an important high-nutrition livestock product, and several byproducts, such as bovine cartilage, are produced during slaughter. To effectively utilize these agricultural and pastoral byproducts, combined (trypsin-papain) enzymolysis and cetylpyridine chloride purification methods were used to obtain chondroitin sulfate (CS) from the nasal cartilage of Shaanxi Yellow cattle. The effects of pH, temperature, and time on the CS yield during enzymatic hydrolysis were investigated, and the CS extraction process was optimized using response surface methodology. The best yield of CS was 21.62% under the optimum conditions of pH 6.51, temperature of 64.53°C, and enzymolysis time of 19.86 h. The molecular weight of CS from Shaanxi cattle nasal cartilage was 89.21 kDa, glucuronic acid content was 31.76 ± 0.72%, protein content was 1.12 ± 0.03%, and sulfate group content was 23.34 ± 0.08%. The nasal cartilage CS of the Yellow cattle showed strong DPPH•, •OH, and ABTS+• radical scavenging abilities and ferrous reduction ability in the experimental concentration range. This study could contribute to "turn waste into treasure" and improve the comprehensive utilization of regional characteristic biological resources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chan Shi
- College of Food Science and Technology, Northwest University, Xi'an 710069, China
| | - Yuxuan Deng
- College of Food Science and Technology, Northwest University, Xi'an 710069, China
| | - Xin An
- College of Food Science and Technology, Northwest University, Xi'an 710069, China
| | - Yuan Chen
- College of Food Science and Technology, Northwest University, Xi'an 710069, China
| | - Xingang Lv
- College of Food Science and Technology, Northwest University, Xi'an 710069, China
| | - Qian Liu
- College of Food Science and Technology, Northwest University, Xi'an 710069, China
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2
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Wang H, Zhang J, Wei Z, Chen S, Zheng J, Li Y. The prognostic implications and tumor-promoting functions of CHSY3 in gastric cancer. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1364979. [PMID: 38812506 PMCID: PMC11133601 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1364979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2024] [Accepted: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/31/2024] Open
Abstract
Chondroitin sulfate synthase 3 (CHSY3) is an important enzyme that regulates glycosylation, but its role in tumors has not been determined. Here, we showed that high CHSY3 expression promotes proliferation in gastric cancer (GC) cells and is associated with poor prognosis in GC patients. We analyzed the immunohistochemistry data of 150 gastric cancer patients to determine the clinicopathological and survival significance of CHSY3. Immunofluorescence was used to detect the colocalization of CHSY3 with infiltrating immune cells. Additionally, CHSY3 was predominantly found in tumor tissues and showed higher abundance compared to matched adjacent tissues. High CHSY3 expression was associated with more advanced tumor stage, higher recurrence risk and worse survival. Immunohistochemistry and bioinformatic analysis revealed that CHSY3 expression was significantly positively correlated with tumor-associated macrophage (TAM) infiltration. Moreover, after knocking down CHSY3, the proliferation of cells was decreased, and the migration ability was reduced, as shown by scratch, monoclonal and transwell assays. In conclusion, this study revealed that CHSY3 has a tumor-promoting effect on GC, suggesting a novel therapeutic strategy against this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han Wang
- Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Department of General Surgery, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Junchang Zhang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhuoqi Wei
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Songyao Chen
- Digestive Diseases Center, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Jiabin Zheng
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Department of General Surgery, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yong Li
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Department of General Surgery, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
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Mistry R, Byrne DP, Starns D, Barsukov IL, Yates EA, Fernig DG. Polysaccharide sulfotransferases: the identification of putative sequences and respective functional characterisation. Essays Biochem 2024:EBC20230094. [PMID: 38712401 DOI: 10.1042/ebc20230094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2024] [Revised: 03/21/2024] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 05/08/2024]
Abstract
The vast structural diversity of sulfated polysaccharides demands an equally diverse array of enzymes known as polysaccharide sulfotransferases (PSTs). PSTs are present across all kingdoms of life, including algae, fungi and archaea, and their sulfation pathways are relatively unexplored. Sulfated polysaccharides possess anti-inflammatory, anticoagulant and anti-cancer properties and have great therapeutic potential. Current identification of PSTs using Pfam has been predominantly focused on the identification of glycosaminoglycan (GAG) sulfotransferases because of their pivotal roles in cell communication, extracellular matrix formation and coagulation. As a result, our knowledge of non-GAG PSTs structure and function remains limited. The major sulfotransferase families, Sulfotransfer_1 and Sulfotransfer_2, display broad homology and should enable the capture of a wide assortment of sulfotransferases but are limited in non-GAG PST sequence annotation. In addition, sequence annotation is further restricted by the paucity of biochemical analyses of PSTs. There are now high-throughput and robust assays for sulfotransferases such as colorimetric PAPS (3'-phosphoadenosine 5'-phosphosulfate) coupled assays, Europium-based fluorescent probes for ratiometric PAP (3'-phosphoadenosine-5'-phosphate) detection, and NMR methods for activity and product analysis. These techniques provide real-time and direct measurements to enhance the functional annotation and subsequent analysis of sulfated polysaccharides across the tree of life to improve putative PST identification and characterisation of function. Improved annotation and biochemical analysis of PST sequences will enhance the utility of PSTs across biomedical and biotechnological sectors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ravina Mistry
- Department of Biochemistry, Cell and Systems Biology, Institute of Systems, Molecular and Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 7ZB, U.K
| | - Dominic P Byrne
- Department of Biochemistry, Cell and Systems Biology, Institute of Systems, Molecular and Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 7ZB, U.K
| | - David Starns
- Department of Biochemistry, Cell and Systems Biology, Institute of Systems, Molecular and Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 7ZB, U.K
| | - Igor L Barsukov
- Department of Biochemistry, Cell and Systems Biology, Institute of Systems, Molecular and Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 7ZB, U.K
| | - Edwin A Yates
- Department of Biochemistry, Cell and Systems Biology, Institute of Systems, Molecular and Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 7ZB, U.K
| | - David G Fernig
- Department of Biochemistry, Cell and Systems Biology, Institute of Systems, Molecular and Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 7ZB, U.K
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Shi S, Hu M, Peng X, Cheng C, Feng S, Pu X, Yu X. Double crosslinking decellularized bovine pericardium of dialdehyde chondroitin sulfate and zwitterionic copolymer for bioprosthetic heart valves with enhanced antithrombogenic, anti-inflammatory and anti-calcification properties. J Mater Chem B 2024; 12:3417-3435. [PMID: 38525920 DOI: 10.1039/d4tb00074a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/26/2024]
Abstract
Due to the increasing aging population and the advancements in transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR), the use of bioprosthetic heart valves (BHVs) in patients diagnosed with valvular disease has increased substantially. Commercially available glutaraldehyde (GA) cross-linked biological valves suffer from reduced durability due to a combination of factors, including the high cell toxicity of GA, subacute thrombus, inflammation and calcification. In this study, oxidized chondroitin sulfate (OCS), a natural polysaccharide derivative, was used to replace GA to cross-link decellularized bovine pericardium (DBP), carrying out the first crosslinking of DBP to obtain OCS-BP. Subsequently, the zwitterion radical copolymerization system was introduced in situ to perform double cross-linking to obtain double crosslinked BHVs with biomimetic modification (P(APM/MPC)-OCS-BP). P(APM/MPC)-OCS-BP presented enhanced mechanical properties, collagen stability and enzymatic degradation resistance due to double crosslinking. The ex vivo AV-shunt assay and coagulation factors test suggested that P(APM/MPC)-OCS-BP exhibited excellent anticoagulant and antithrombotic properties due to the introduction of P(APM/MPC). P(APM/MPC)-OCS-BP also showed good HUVEC-cytocompatibility due to the substantial reduction of its residual aldehyde group. The subcutaneous implantation also demonstrated that P(APM/MPC)-OCS-BP showed a weak inflammatory response due to the anti-inflammatory effect of OCS. Finally, in vivo and in vitro results revealed that P(APM/MPC)-OCS-BP exhibited an excellent anti-calcification property. In a word, this simple cooperative crosslinking strategy provides a novel solution to obtain BHVs with good mechanical properties, and HUVEC-cytocompatibility, anti-coagulation, anti-inflammatory and anti-calcification properties. It might be a promising alternative to GA-fixed BP and exhibited good prospects in clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shubin Shi
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, P. R. China
| | - Mengyue Hu
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, P. R. China
| | - Xu Peng
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, P. R. China
- Experimental and Research Animal Institute, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, P. R. China
| | - Can Cheng
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, P. R. China
| | - Shaoxiong Feng
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, P. R. China
| | - Xinyun Pu
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, P. R. China
| | - Xixun Yu
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, P. R. China
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Liu L, Liu H, Meng P, Zhang Y, Zhang F, Jia Y, Cheng B, Lammi MJ, Zhang F, Guo X. Involvement of Yes-Associated Protein 1 Activation in the Matrix Degradation of Human-Induced-Pluripotent-Stem-Cell-Derived Chondrocytes Induced by T-2 Toxin and Deoxynivalenol Alone and in Combination. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:878. [PMID: 38255951 PMCID: PMC10815455 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25020878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2023] [Revised: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
T-2 toxin and deoxynivalenol (DON) are two prevalent mycotoxins that cause cartilage damage in Kashin-Beck disease (KBD). Cartilage extracellular matrix (ECM) degradation in chondrocytes is a significant pathological feature of KBD. It has been shown that the Hippo pathway is involved in cartilage ECM degradation. This study aimed to examine the effect of YAP, a major regulator of the Hippo pathway, on the ECM degradation in the hiPS-derived chondrocytes (hiPS-Ch) model of KBD. The hiPS-Ch injury models were established via treatment with T-2 toxin/DON alone or in combination. We found that T-2 toxin and DON inhibited the proliferation of hiPS-Ch in a dose-dependent manner; significantly increased the levels of YAP, SOX9, and MMP13; and decreased the levels of COL2A1 and ACAN (all p values < 0.05). Immunofluorescence revealed that YAP was primarily located in the nuclei of hiPS-Ch, and its expression level increased with toxin concentrations. The inhibition of YAP resulted in the dysregulated expression of chondrogenic markers (all p values < 0.05). These findings suggest that T-2 toxin and DON may inhibit the proliferation of, and induce the ECM degradation, of hiPS-Ch mediated by YAP, providing further insight into the cellular and molecular mechanisms contributing to cartilage damage caused by toxins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Liu
- School of Public Health, Xi’an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Key Laboratory of Trace Elements and Endemic Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center of Endemic Disease and Health Promotion for Silk Road Region, Xi’an 710061, China; (L.L.); (H.L.); (P.M.); (Y.Z.); (F.Z.); (Y.J.); (B.C.); (M.J.L.)
| | - Huan Liu
- School of Public Health, Xi’an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Key Laboratory of Trace Elements and Endemic Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center of Endemic Disease and Health Promotion for Silk Road Region, Xi’an 710061, China; (L.L.); (H.L.); (P.M.); (Y.Z.); (F.Z.); (Y.J.); (B.C.); (M.J.L.)
| | - Peilin Meng
- School of Public Health, Xi’an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Key Laboratory of Trace Elements and Endemic Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center of Endemic Disease and Health Promotion for Silk Road Region, Xi’an 710061, China; (L.L.); (H.L.); (P.M.); (Y.Z.); (F.Z.); (Y.J.); (B.C.); (M.J.L.)
| | - Yanan Zhang
- School of Public Health, Xi’an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Key Laboratory of Trace Elements and Endemic Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center of Endemic Disease and Health Promotion for Silk Road Region, Xi’an 710061, China; (L.L.); (H.L.); (P.M.); (Y.Z.); (F.Z.); (Y.J.); (B.C.); (M.J.L.)
- School of Nursing, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Feng’e Zhang
- School of Public Health, Xi’an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Key Laboratory of Trace Elements and Endemic Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center of Endemic Disease and Health Promotion for Silk Road Region, Xi’an 710061, China; (L.L.); (H.L.); (P.M.); (Y.Z.); (F.Z.); (Y.J.); (B.C.); (M.J.L.)
| | - Yumeng Jia
- School of Public Health, Xi’an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Key Laboratory of Trace Elements and Endemic Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center of Endemic Disease and Health Promotion for Silk Road Region, Xi’an 710061, China; (L.L.); (H.L.); (P.M.); (Y.Z.); (F.Z.); (Y.J.); (B.C.); (M.J.L.)
| | - Bolun Cheng
- School of Public Health, Xi’an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Key Laboratory of Trace Elements and Endemic Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center of Endemic Disease and Health Promotion for Silk Road Region, Xi’an 710061, China; (L.L.); (H.L.); (P.M.); (Y.Z.); (F.Z.); (Y.J.); (B.C.); (M.J.L.)
| | - Mikko J. Lammi
- School of Public Health, Xi’an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Key Laboratory of Trace Elements and Endemic Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center of Endemic Disease and Health Promotion for Silk Road Region, Xi’an 710061, China; (L.L.); (H.L.); (P.M.); (Y.Z.); (F.Z.); (Y.J.); (B.C.); (M.J.L.)
- Department of Integrative Medical Biology, University of Umeå, 901 87 Umeå, Sweden
| | - Feng Zhang
- School of Public Health, Xi’an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Key Laboratory of Trace Elements and Endemic Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center of Endemic Disease and Health Promotion for Silk Road Region, Xi’an 710061, China; (L.L.); (H.L.); (P.M.); (Y.Z.); (F.Z.); (Y.J.); (B.C.); (M.J.L.)
| | - Xiong Guo
- School of Public Health, Xi’an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Key Laboratory of Trace Elements and Endemic Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center of Endemic Disease and Health Promotion for Silk Road Region, Xi’an 710061, China; (L.L.); (H.L.); (P.M.); (Y.Z.); (F.Z.); (Y.J.); (B.C.); (M.J.L.)
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Tsukahara T, Imamura S, Morohoshi T. A Review of Cyclic Phosphatidic Acid and Other Potential Therapeutic Targets for Treating Osteoarthritis. Biomedicines 2023; 11:2790. [PMID: 37893163 PMCID: PMC10603845 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11102790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2023] [Revised: 10/09/2023] [Accepted: 10/12/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA), a chronic degenerative joint disease, is the most common form of arthritis. OA occurs when the protective cartilage that cushions the ends of bones gradually breaks down. This leads to the rubbing of bones against each other, resulting in pain and stiffness. Cyclic phosphatidic acid (cPA) shows promise as a treatment for OA. In this article, we review the most recent findings regarding the biological functions of cPA signaling in mammalian systems, specifically in relation to OA. cPA is a naturally occurring phospholipid mediator with unique cyclic phosphate rings at the sn-2 and sn-3 positions in the glycerol backbone. cPA promotes various responses, including cell proliferation, migration, and survival. cPA possesses physiological activities that are distinct from those elicited by lysophosphatidic acid; however, its biochemical origin has rarely been studied. Although there is currently no cure for OA, advances in medical research may lead to new therapies or strategies in the future, and cPA has potential therapeutic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamotsu Tsukahara
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutic Innovation, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki 852-8521, Japan
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