Tissue engineered multifunctional chitosan-modified polypropylene hernia mesh loaded with bioactive phyto-extracts

Dressing membrane composites of PVA/chitosan/MgO nanoparticles for wound healing applications in rat model

Chitosan (CS) has excellent film-forming properties; unfortunately, its use as a film wound dressing is limited because of its weak mechanical properties, especially in its wet state. For this reason, modifications with different materials are investigated in this study. The aim of this work was the combination of chitosan with poly (vinyl alcohol) (PVA), magnesium oxide nanoparticles (MgO), and glycerol as a plasticizer agent which can strengthen CS films, increase their flexibility, and enhance their resistance to microbes. Four types of films were prepared, i.e., CS, PVA, CS/PVA, and CS/PVA@MgO, using solvent casting method. The films' ability for wound dressing was assessed by UV spectroscopy, mechanical properties, Fourier transform infrared, X-ray diffraction, antimicrobial activity, and in vivo studies as a practical application on wounds. CS/PVA@MgO showed an improvement in mechanical properties as it has elongation at break of 522% and strain 585%. In addition, the antimicrobial activity of CS/PVA@MgO film was extensively enhanced as it inhibited Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, and Candida albicans by 90.78%, 88.83%, and 97.18%, respectively. The results showed that composite film has a good mechanical properties and antimicrobial activity expressed a suitable wound dressing material. Furthermore, in vivo experiment evaluated the clinical efficacy of CS/PVA@MgO film in wound healing.

Biomimetic Anti-Adhesion Silk@Extracellular Matrix Composite Patch for the Treatment of Abdominal Wall Defects

Abdominal wall defects are predisposed to life-threatening complications. Biocompatible hernia patches are crucial for the effective repair and reconstruction of abdominal wall defects. However, conventional polymer-based hernia patches are prone to inducing inflammation and reaction to foreign body. The biomimetic Silk@Extracellular Matrix (S@ECM) patch is composed of naturally derived silk and extracellular matrix. The mechanical properties of S@ECM are provided by silk as the template and the incorporation of ECM facilitates cell adhesion and proliferation. Thus, S@ECM patch leads to the abilities of anti-adhesion and rapid reconstruction of the abdominal wall by recruiting cells. In vitro experiments using mechanical property tests demonstrate excellent mechanical properties (8.0 ± 0.1 MPa). In vivo experiments using a rat abdominal wall defect model demonstrate outstanding resistance to adhesions and rapid repair of the abdominal wall. The biomimetic S@ECM patch offers excellent therapeutic effects on abdominal wall defects, anti-adhesion effects and accelerates the repair of abdominal wall defects through in biomimetic reconstruction of abdominal wall defects. It offers significant values for repairing abdominal wall defects and provides design ideas for repairing other soft tissues.

Electrospinning in Drug Delivery: Progress and Future Outlook

There is intense research during the past few decades to design and fabricate drug delivery systems using the electrospinning system. Electrospinning is an efficient technique to produce nanofiber materials with different dimensions and morphologies by adjusting the processing parameters. Electrospinning is becoming an innovative technology that promotes the pursuit and maintenance of human health. Herein, the review discusses the contribution of electrospinning technology in drug delivery systems, summarising the modification of the various electrospinning system configurations and the effects of the process parameters on fibers, their application in drug delivery including carrier materials, loaded drugs and their release mechanisms and illustrates their various medical applications. Finally, this review discusses the challenges, bottlenecks, and development prospects of electrospinning technology in the field of drug delivery in terms of scaling up for clinical use and exploring potential solutions to pave the way to establish electrospinning for future drug delivery systems.

Techniques and applications in 3D bioprinting with chitosan bio-inks for drug delivery: A review

Three-dimensional bioprinting leverages computer-aided design to construct tissues and organs with specialized bioinks. A notable biomaterial for this purpose is chitosan, a natural polysaccharide sourced from crustacean exoskeletons. Chitosan's biocompatibility, biodegradability, non-toxicity, and ability to promote cell adhesion and proliferation make it an excellent component for bioinks. Initially, the rheological properties of chitosan presented challenges for its use in bioprinting. Enhancements in its printability and stability were achieved by integrating it with other natural or synthetic polymers, facilitating its successful application in bioprinting. Chitosan-based bioinks are particularly promising for controlled drug delivery. Incorporating pharmaceuticals directly into the bioink enables the printed structures to serve as localized, sustained-release systems. This approach offers multiple advantages, including precise drug delivery to targeted disease sites, increased therapeutic efficiency, and reduced systemic side effects. Moreover, bioprinting allows for the customization of drug delivery mechanisms to meet individual patient requirements. Although there have been considerable advancements, the use of chitosan-based bioinks in drug delivery is still an emerging field. This review highlights chitosan's essential role in both systemic and localized drug delivery, underscoring its significance and discussing ongoing trends in its application for pharmaceutical purposes.