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Cervantes-Salazar JL, Pérez-Hernández N, Calderón-Colmenero J, Rodríguez-Pérez JM, González-Pacheco MG, Villamil-Castañeda C, Rosas-Tlaque AA, Ortega-Zhindón DB. Genetic Insights into Congenital Cardiac Septal Defects-A Narrative Review. BIOLOGY 2024; 13:911. [PMID: 39596866 PMCID: PMC11592229 DOI: 10.3390/biology13110911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2024] [Revised: 11/04/2024] [Accepted: 11/04/2024] [Indexed: 11/29/2024]
Abstract
Congenital heart diseases (CHDs) are a group of complex diseases characterized by structural and functional malformations during development in the human heart; they represent an important problem for public health worldwide. Within these malformations, septal defects such as ventricular (VSD) and atrial septal defects (ASD) are the most common forms of CHDs. Studies have reported that CHDs are the result of genetic and environmental factors. Here, we review and summarize the role of genetics involved in cardiogenesis and congenital cardiac septal defects. Moreover, treatment regarding these congenital cardiac septal defects is also addressed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jorge L. Cervantes-Salazar
- Department of Pediatric Cardiac Surgery and Congenital Heart Disease, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología Ignacio Chávez, Mexico City 14080, Mexico; (J.L.C.-S.); (A.A.R.-T.)
| | - Nonanzit Pérez-Hernández
- Department of Molecular Biology, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología Ignacio Chávez, Mexico City 14080, Mexico; (N.P.-H.); (J.M.R.-P.); (C.V.-C.)
| | - Juan Calderón-Colmenero
- Department of Pediatric Cardiology, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología Ignacio Chávez, Mexico City 14080, Mexico;
| | - José Manuel Rodríguez-Pérez
- Department of Molecular Biology, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología Ignacio Chávez, Mexico City 14080, Mexico; (N.P.-H.); (J.M.R.-P.); (C.V.-C.)
| | | | - Clara Villamil-Castañeda
- Department of Molecular Biology, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología Ignacio Chávez, Mexico City 14080, Mexico; (N.P.-H.); (J.M.R.-P.); (C.V.-C.)
- Programa de Doctorado en Ciencias Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City 04510, Mexico
| | - Angel A. Rosas-Tlaque
- Department of Pediatric Cardiac Surgery and Congenital Heart Disease, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología Ignacio Chávez, Mexico City 14080, Mexico; (J.L.C.-S.); (A.A.R.-T.)
- Dirección General de Calidad y Educación en Salud, Secretaría de Salud, Mexico City 06600, Mexico
| | - Diego B. Ortega-Zhindón
- Department of Pediatric Cardiac Surgery and Congenital Heart Disease, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología Ignacio Chávez, Mexico City 14080, Mexico; (J.L.C.-S.); (A.A.R.-T.)
- Programa de Maestría y Doctorado en Ciencias Médicas, Odontológicas y de la Salud, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City 04510, Mexico
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