1
|
Cseresznye A, Hardy EM, Ait Bamai Y, Cleys P, Poma G, Malarvannan G, Scheepers PTJ, Viegas S, Martins C, Porras SP, Santonen T, Godderis L, Verdonck J, Poels K, João Silva M, Louro H, Martinsone I, Akūlova L, van Dael M, van Nieuwenhuyse A, Mahiout S, Duca RC, Covaci A. HBM4EU E-waste study: Assessing persistent organic pollutants in blood, silicone wristbands, and settled dust among E-waste recycling workers in Europe. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2024; 250:118537. [PMID: 38408627 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2024.118537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2024] [Revised: 02/17/2024] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 02/28/2024]
Abstract
E-waste recycling is an increasingly important activity that contributes to reducing the burden of end-of-life electronic and electrical apparatus and allows for the EU's transition to a circular economy. This study investigated the exposure levels of selected persistent organic pollutants (POPs) in workers from e-waste recycling facilities across Europe. The concentrations of seven polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and eight polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) congeners were measured by GC-MS. Workers were categorized into five groups based on the type of e-waste handled and two control groups. Generalized linear models were used to assess the determinants of exposure levels among workers. POPs levels were also assessed in dust and silicone wristbands (SWB) and compared with serum. Four PCB congeners (CB 118, 138, 153, and 180) were frequently detected in serum regardless of worker's category. With the exception of CB 118, all tested PCBs were significantly higher in workers compared to the control group. Controls working in the same company as occupationally exposed (Within control group), also displayed higher levels of serum CB 180 than non-industrial controls with no known exposures to these chemicals (Outwith controls) (p < 0.05). BDE 209 was the most prevalent POP in settled dust (16 μg/g) and SWB (220 ng/WB). Spearman correlation revealed moderate to strong positive correlations between SWB and dust. Increased age and the number of years smoked cigarettes were key determinants for workers exposure. Estimated daily intake through dust ingestion revealed that ΣPCB was higher for both the 50th (0.03 ng/kg bw/day) and 95th (0.09 ng/kg bw/day) percentile exposure scenarios compared to values reported for the general population. This study is one of the first to address the occupational exposure to PCBs and PBDEs in Europe among e-waste workers through biomonitoring combined with analysis of settled dust and SWB. Our findings suggest that e-waste workers may face elevated PCB exposure and that appropriate exposure assessments are needed to establish effective mitigation strategies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Adam Cseresznye
- Toxicological Centre, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Emilie M Hardy
- Environmental Hygiene and Human Biological Monitoring, Department of Health Protection, Laboratoire National de Santé (LNS), Luxembourg, Luxembourg
| | - Yu Ait Bamai
- Toxicological Centre, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium; Center for Environmental and Health Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Paulien Cleys
- Toxicological Centre, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Giulia Poma
- Toxicological Centre, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Govindan Malarvannan
- Toxicological Centre, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Paul T J Scheepers
- Radboud Institute for Biological and Environmental Sciences, Radboud University, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Susana Viegas
- Comprehensive Health Research Center, NOVA National School of Public Health, Public Health Research Centre, NOVA University Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Carla Martins
- Comprehensive Health Research Center, NOVA National School of Public Health, Public Health Research Centre, NOVA University Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Simo P Porras
- Finnish Institute of Occupational Health, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Tiina Santonen
- Finnish Institute of Occupational Health, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Lode Godderis
- Environment and Health, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; Idewe, External Service for Prevention and Protection at Work, Heverlee, Belgium
| | - Jelle Verdonck
- Environment and Health, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Katrien Poels
- Environment and Health, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Maria João Silva
- ToxOmics -Centre for Toxicogenomics and Human Health, Department of Human Genetics, National Institute of Health Dr. Ricardo Jorge (INSA), NOVA Medical School, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Henriqueta Louro
- ToxOmics -Centre for Toxicogenomics and Human Health, Department of Human Genetics, National Institute of Health Dr. Ricardo Jorge (INSA), NOVA Medical School, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Inese Martinsone
- Institute of Occupational Safety and Environmental Health, Rīgas Stradiņš University, Riga, Latvia
| | - Lāsma Akūlova
- Institute of Occupational Safety and Environmental Health, Rīgas Stradiņš University, Riga, Latvia
| | - Maurice van Dael
- Radboud Institute for Biological and Environmental Sciences, Radboud University, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - An van Nieuwenhuyse
- Environmental Hygiene and Human Biological Monitoring, Department of Health Protection, Laboratoire National de Santé (LNS), Luxembourg, Luxembourg; Environment and Health, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Selma Mahiout
- Finnish Institute of Occupational Health, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Radu Corneliu Duca
- Environmental Hygiene and Human Biological Monitoring, Department of Health Protection, Laboratoire National de Santé (LNS), Luxembourg, Luxembourg; Environment and Health, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Adrian Covaci
- Toxicological Centre, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Hammel SC, Frederiksen M. Quantifying 209 Polychlorinated Biphenyl Congeners in Silicone Wristbands to Evaluate Differences in Exposure among Demolition Workers. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2024; 58:6499-6508. [PMID: 38572580 PMCID: PMC11025118 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.3c10304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2023] [Revised: 02/22/2024] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024]
Abstract
A social housing estate in Denmark was designated for demolition due to exceedance of guidance values for polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) in indoor air. Here, we deployed precleaned silicone wristbands (n = 46) among demolition workers of these contaminated buildings during single workdays while conducting various work tasks. We established a method to analyze all 209 PCBs in wristbands to identify prominent congeners of exposure and evaluate differences between tasks. Wristbands were extracted using microwave-assisted extraction and then concentrated for gas chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (GC-MS/MS) analysis. Twenty-nine chromatographic peaks representing 37 congeners were detected in every wristband, and tetra-CBs were the dominant homologue group. PCB-66, -44, and -70 were the most abundant congeners measured in worker wristbands, none of which are included within the typical seven indicator or WHO 12 PCBs. Workers who cut PCB-containing sealants had wristbands with the highest PCB concentrations (geometric mean ∑209PCBs = 1963 ng/g wristband), which were followed by those handling concrete elements on the building roof. Additionally, wristbands captured a broader range of PCBs than has been previously measured in air and serum samples. Taken together, our results highlight the importance of total congener analysis in assessing current PCB exposure in demolition work and the utility of wristbands for assessing these exposures.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie C. Hammel
- National Research Centre
for the Working Environment, Lersø Parkallé 105, 2100 Copenhagen Ø, Denmark
| | - Marie Frederiksen
- National Research Centre
for the Working Environment, Lersø Parkallé 105, 2100 Copenhagen Ø, Denmark
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Duffel MW, Lehmler HJ. Complex roles for sulfation in the toxicities of polychlorinated biphenyls. Crit Rev Toxicol 2024; 54:92-122. [PMID: 38363552 PMCID: PMC11067068 DOI: 10.1080/10408444.2024.2311270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2023] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 02/17/2024]
Abstract
Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) are persistent organic toxicants derived from legacy pollution sources and their formation as inadvertent byproducts of some current manufacturing processes. Metabolism of PCBs is often a critical component in their toxicity, and relevant metabolic pathways usually include their initial oxidation to form hydroxylated polychlorinated biphenyls (OH-PCBs). Subsequent sulfation of OH-PCBs was originally thought to be primarily a means of detoxication; however, there is strong evidence that it may also contribute to toxicities associated with PCBs and OH-PCBs. These contributions include either the direct interaction of PCB sulfates with receptors or their serving as a localized precursor for OH-PCBs. The formation of PCB sulfates is catalyzed by cytosolic sulfotransferases, and, when transported into the serum, these metabolites may be retained, taken up by other tissues, and subjected to hydrolysis catalyzed by intracellular sulfatase(s) to regenerate OH-PCBs. Dynamic cycling between PCB sulfates and OH-PCBs may lead to further metabolic activation of the resulting OH-PCBs. Ultimate toxic endpoints of such processes may include endocrine disruption, neurotoxicities, and many others that are associated with exposures to PCBs and OH-PCBs. This review highlights the current understanding of the complex roles that PCB sulfates can have in the toxicities of PCBs and OH-PCBs and research on the varied mechanisms that control these roles.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michael W. Duffel
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences & Experimental Therapeutics, College of Pharmacy, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, 52242, United States
| | - Hans-Joachim Lehmler
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, College of Public Health, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, 52242, United States
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Hammel SC, Eftekhari A, Eichler CMA, Liu CW, Nylander-French LA, Engel LS, Lu K, Morrison GC. Reducing Transdermal Uptake of Semivolatile Plasticizers from Indoor Environments: A Clothing Intervention. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2023; 57:20678-20688. [PMID: 38019971 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.3c06142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2023]
Abstract
Models and laboratory studies suggest that everyday clothing influences the transdermal uptake of semivolatile organic compounds, including phthalate plasticizers, from indoor environments. However, this effect has not been documented in environmental exposure settings. In this pilot study, we quantified daily excretion of 17 urinary metabolites (μg/day) for phthalates and phthalate alternatives in nine participants during 5 days. On Day 0, baseline daily excretion was determined in participants' urine. Starting on Day 1, participants refrained from eating phthalate-heavy foods and using personal care products. On Days 3 and 4, participants wore precleaned clothing as an exposure intervention. We observed a reduction in the daily excretion of phthalates during the intervention; mono-n-butyl phthalate, monoisobutyl phthalate (MiBP), and monobenzyl phthalate were significantly reduced by 35, 38, and 56%, respectively. Summed metabolites of di(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate (DEHP) were also reduced (27%; not statistically significant). A similar reduction among phthalate alternatives was not observed. The daily excretion of MiBP during the nonintervention period strongly correlated with indoor air concentrations of diisobutyl phthalate (DiBP), suggesting that inhalation and transdermal uptake of DiBP from the air in homes are dominant exposure pathways. The results indicate that precleaned clothing can significantly reduce environmental exposure to phthalates and phthalate alternatives.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie C Hammel
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
- National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Copenhagen 2100, Denmark
| | - Azin Eftekhari
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
| | - Clara M A Eichler
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
| | - Chih-Wei Liu
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
| | - Leena A Nylander-French
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
| | - Lawrence S Engel
- Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
| | - Kun Lu
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
| | - Glenn C Morrison
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Deen L, Clark A, Hougaard KS, Petersen KU, Frederiksen M, Wise LA, Wesselink AK, Meyer HW, Bonde JP, Tøttenborg SS. Exposure to airborne polychlorinated biphenyls and type 2 diabetes in a Danish cohort. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2023; 237:117000. [PMID: 37634693 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.117000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2022] [Revised: 04/17/2023] [Accepted: 08/25/2023] [Indexed: 08/29/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previous research indicates an association between higher-chlorinated polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and type 2 diabetes (T2D). However, less is known about the extent to which PCB exposure in indoor air, composed primarily of lower-chlorinated PCBs, affects T2D risk. We assessed the association between indoor air exposure to PCBs in residential buildings and T2D incidence. METHODS The register-based 'Health Effects of PCBs in Indoor Air' (HESPAIR) cohort comprises 51,921 Danish residents of two residential areas with apartments built with and without PCB-containing materials (reference apartments). We assessed exposure status by combining register-based information on relocation history with extrapolated values of exposure based on PCB-measurements in indoor air from subsets of the apartments. T2D cases were identified in the Danish registers during 1977-2018. We estimated adjusted hazard ratios (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) using Cox regression analyses with time-varying exposure. RESULTS We identified 2737 incident T2D cases during the follow-up. Exposure to ≥3300 ng/m3 PCB × year (3rd tertile of PCByear) was associated with higher risk of T2D (HR 1.15, 95% CI 1.02-1.30) compared with exposure to <300 ng/m3 PCB × year (reference). However, among individuals with lower cumulated PCByear, the risk was similar to residents with exposure <300 ng/m3 PCB × year (300-899 ng/m3 PCB × year: HR 0.98, 95% CI 0.87-1.11; 900-3299 ng/m3 PCB × year: HR 0.96, 95% CI 0.83-1.10). DISCUSSION We observed a marginally higher risk of T2D, but there was no evidence of an exposure-response relationship. The results should be interpreted with caution until confirmed in other independent studies of PCB exposure in indoor air.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Laura Deen
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Copenhagen University Hospital - Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg Hospital, Denmark; Department of Public Health, The Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Denmark.
| | | | - Karin Sørig Hougaard
- Department of Public Health, The Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Denmark; National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Denmark
| | - Kajsa Ugelvig Petersen
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Copenhagen University Hospital - Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg Hospital, Denmark
| | | | - Lauren A Wise
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Boston University, United States
| | - Amelia K Wesselink
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Boston University, United States
| | - Harald William Meyer
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Copenhagen University Hospital - Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg Hospital, Denmark
| | - Jens Peter Bonde
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Copenhagen University Hospital - Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg Hospital, Denmark; Department of Public Health, The Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Sandra Søgaard Tøttenborg
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Copenhagen University Hospital - Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg Hospital, Denmark; Department of Public Health, The Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Achour A, Derouiche A, Driss MR, Tebourbi O. Organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) in adipose tissue of women from Grand Tunis and their association with demographic factors and dietary habits. CHEMOSPHERE 2023; 338:139600. [PMID: 37480958 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.139600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2022] [Revised: 07/12/2023] [Accepted: 07/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/24/2023]
Abstract
Dichlorodiphenyl trichloroethane and its metabolites (DDTs), hexachlorocyclohexane isomers (HCHs), hexachlorobenzene (HCB) and polychloronated biphenyls (PCBs) were measured in 25 woman adipose tissues collected in 2016 from Grand Tunis, Tunisia. p,p'-DDE, p,p'-DDT, HCB and β-HCH were the dominant organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) in decreasing order in all samples. The total OCP levels varied from 79 to 343 ng g-1 lipid with a median value of 189 ng g-1 lipid and DDTs contributed approximately 88% to sum OCP. The ratio of p,p'-DDT/p,p'-DDE across all samples is below one, which suggests mainly historic exposure but may indicate some recent exposure to the banned pesticide. The median concentration of PCBs was 109 ng g-1 lipid and ranged between 27 and 204 ng g-1 lipid. PCB-153, PCB-180, PCB-138 and PCB-170 were the most abundant congeners, which contributed about 78% of the total PCBs. Spearman analysis showed that dominant organochlorine compounds (OCs) are highly positive correlated except for PCB-28/31, indicating that women from Tunis are exposed via similar routes. Inhalation exposure could be a possible pathway for the uptake of the less chlorinated congeners. We found positive and statistically significant association with subjects age for HCB (r = 0.517; p = 0.009) and PCBs (r = 0.65; p = 0.001) levels and a weak age-dependent accumulation was found for HCHs (r = 0.375; p = 0.065) and DDTs (r = 0.388; p = 0.056). The concentrations of OC subgroups were not associated with BMI, parity and residence. No association was observed between fish, red/white meat, milk and dairy products consumption and levels of HCB, HCHs and PCBs. DDTs levels were significantly correlated only with milk (p = 0.048) and milk products (p = 0.047) intake.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Amani Achour
- Laboratory of Integrated Physiology, Faculty of Science of Bizerte, University of Carthage Tunisia, 7021, Jarzouna, Bizerte, Tunisia.
| | - Abdelkader Derouiche
- Laboratory of Hetero-organic Compounds and Nanostructural Materials (LR18ES11), Faculty of Science of Bizerte, University of Carthage Tunisia, 7021, Jarzouna, Bizerte, Tunisia.
| | - Mohamed Ridha Driss
- Laboratory of Hetero-organic Compounds and Nanostructural Materials (LR18ES11), Faculty of Science of Bizerte, University of Carthage Tunisia, 7021, Jarzouna, Bizerte, Tunisia.
| | - Olfa Tebourbi
- Laboratory of Integrated Physiology, Faculty of Science of Bizerte, University of Carthage Tunisia, 7021, Jarzouna, Bizerte, Tunisia.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Bullert A, Li X, Chunyun Z, Lee K, Pulliam CF, Cagle BS, Doorn JA, Klingelhutz AJ, Robertson LW, Lehmler HJ. Disposition and metabolomic effects of 2,2',5,5'-tetrachlorobiphenyl in female rats following intraperitoneal exposure. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY 2023; 102:104245. [PMID: 37572994 PMCID: PMC10562985 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2023.104245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2023] [Revised: 08/07/2023] [Accepted: 08/09/2023] [Indexed: 08/14/2023]
Abstract
The disposition and toxicity of lower chlorinated PCBs (LC-PCBs) with less than five chlorine substituents have received little attention. This study characterizes the distribution and metabolomic effects of PCB 52, an LC-PCB found in indoor and outdoor air, three weeks after intraperitoneal exposure of female Sprague Dawley rats to 0, 1, 10, or 100 mg/kg BW. PCB 52 exposure did not affect overall body weight. Gas chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (GC-MS/MS) analysis identified PCB 52 in all tissues investigated. Hydroxylated, sulfated, and methylated PCB metabolites, identified using GC-MS/MS and nontarget liquid chromatography-high resolution mass spectrometry (Nt-LCMS), were primarily found in the serum and liver of rats exposed to 100 mg/kg BW. Metabolomic analysis revealed minor effects on L-cysteine, glycine, cytosine, sphingosine, thymine, linoleic acid, orotic acid, L-histidine, and erythrose serum levels. Thus, the metabolism of PCB 52 and its effects on the metabolome must be considered in toxicity studies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Amanda Bullert
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, College of Public Health, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA; Interdisciplinary Graduate Program in Neuroscience, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
| | - Xueshu Li
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, College of Public Health, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
| | - Zhang Chunyun
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, College of Public Health, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
| | - Kendra Lee
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, College of Public Health, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
| | - Casey F Pulliam
- Interdisciplinary Graduate Program in Human Toxicology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
| | - Brianna S Cagle
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Experimental Therapeutics, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
| | - Jonathan A Doorn
- Interdisciplinary Graduate Program in Neuroscience, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA; Interdisciplinary Graduate Program in Human Toxicology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA; Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Experimental Therapeutics, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
| | - Aloysius J Klingelhutz
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
| | - Larry W Robertson
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, College of Public Health, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA; Interdisciplinary Graduate Program in Human Toxicology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
| | - Hans-Joachim Lehmler
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, College of Public Health, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA; Interdisciplinary Graduate Program in Neuroscience, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA; Interdisciplinary Graduate Program in Human Toxicology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Bullert A, Li X, Zhang C, Lee K, Pulliam CF, Cagle BS, Doorn JA, Klingelhutz AJ, Robertson LW, Lehmler HJ. Disposition and Metabolomic Effects of 2,2',5,5'-Tetrachlorobiphenyl in Female Rats Following Intraperitoneal Exposure. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.06.19.544952. [PMID: 37609242 PMCID: PMC10441371 DOI: 10.1101/2023.06.19.544952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/24/2023]
Abstract
The disposition and toxicity of lower chlorinated PCBs (LC-PCBs) with less than five chlorine substituents have received little attention. This study characterizes the distribution and metabolomic effects of PCB 52, an LC-PCB found in indoor and outdoor air, three weeks after intraperitoneal exposure of female Sprague Dawley rats to 0, 1, 10, or 100 mg/kg BW. PCB 52 exposure did not affect overall body weight. Gas chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (GC-MS/MS) analysis identified PCB 52 in all tissues investigated. Hydroxylated, sulfated, and methylated PCB metabolites, identified using GC-MS/MS and nontarget liquid chromatography-high resolution mass spectrometry (Nt-LCMS), were primarily found in the serum and liver of rats exposed to 100 mg/kg BW. Metabolomic analysis revealed minor effects on L-cysteine, glycine, cytosine, sphingosine, thymine, linoleic acid, orotic acid, L-histidine, and erythrose serum levels. Thus, the metabolism of PCB 52 and its effects on the metabolome must be considered in toxicity studies. Highlights PCB 52 was present in adipose, brain, liver, and serum 3 weeks after PCB exposureLiver and serum contained hydroxylated, sulfated, and methylated PCB 52 metabolitesMetabolomics analysis revealed minor changes in endogenous serum metabolitesLevels of dopamine and its metabolites in the brain were not affected by PCB 52.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Amanda Bullert
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, College of Public Health, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
- Interdisciplinary Graduate Program in Neuroscience, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
| | - Xueshu Li
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, College of Public Health, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
| | - Chunyun Zhang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, College of Public Health, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
| | - Kendra Lee
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, College of Public Health, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
| | - Casey F. Pulliam
- Interdisciplinary Program in Human Toxicology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
| | - Brianna S. Cagle
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Experimental Therapeutics, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
| | - Jonathan A. Doorn
- Interdisciplinary Graduate Program in Neuroscience, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
- Interdisciplinary Program in Human Toxicology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Experimental Therapeutics, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
| | - Aloysius J. Klingelhutz
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
| | - Larry W. Robertson
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, College of Public Health, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
- Interdisciplinary Program in Human Toxicology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
| | - Hans-Joachim Lehmler
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, College of Public Health, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
- Interdisciplinary Graduate Program in Neuroscience, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
- Interdisciplinary Program in Human Toxicology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Yang Y, Liang Z, Shen J, Chen H, Qi Z. Estimation of indoor soil/dust-skin adherence factors and health risks for adults and children in two typical cities in southern China. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2023:121889. [PMID: 37236583 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2023.121889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2023] [Revised: 05/19/2023] [Accepted: 05/23/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Soil/dust (SD) skin adherence is key dermal exposure parameter used for calculating the health risk of dermal exposure to contaminants. However, few studies of this parameter have been conducted in Chinese populations. In this study, forearm SD samples were randomly collected using the wipe method from population in two typical cities in southern China as well as office staff in a fixed indoor environment. SD samples from the corresponding areas were also sampled. The wipes and SD were analyzed for tracer elements (aluminum, barium, manganese, titanium, and vanadium). The SD-skin adherence factors were 14.31 μg/cm2 for adults in Changzhou, 7.25 μg/cm2 for adults in Shantou, and 9.37 μg/cm2 for children in Shantou, respectively. Further, the recommended values for indoor SD-skin adherence factors for adults and children in Southern China were calculated to be 11.50 μg/cm2 and 9.37 μg/cm2, respectively, which were lower than the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) recommended values. And the SD-skin adherence factor value for the office staff was small (1.79 μg/cm2), but the data were more stable. In addition, PBDEs and PCBs in dust samples from industrial and residential area in Shantou were also determined, and health risks were assessed using the dermal exposure parameters measured in this study. None of the organic pollutants posed a health risk to adults and children via dermal contact. These studies emphasized the importance of localized dermal exposure parameters, and further studies should be conducted in the future.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yan Yang
- School of Chemical Engineering and Light Industry, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, China; Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Guangdong Laboratory, Shantou, 515041, Guangdong, China; Synergy Innovation Institute of GDUT, Shantou, 515041, China.
| | - Zhiqin Liang
- School of Chemical Engineering and Light Industry, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, China; Synergy Innovation Institute of GDUT, Shantou, 515041, China
| | - Jiarui Shen
- School of Chemical Engineering and Light Industry, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, China; Synergy Innovation Institute of GDUT, Shantou, 515041, China
| | - Haojia Chen
- School of Chemical Engineering and Light Industry, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, China; Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Guangdong Laboratory, Shantou, 515041, Guangdong, China; Synergy Innovation Institute of GDUT, Shantou, 515041, China
| | - Zenghua Qi
- School of Chemical Engineering and Light Industry, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Mouat JS, Li X, Neier K, Zhu Y, Mordaunt CE, La Merrill MA, Lehmler HJ, Jones MP, Lein PJ, Schmidt RJ, LaSalle JM. Networks of placental DNA methylation correlate with maternal serum PCB concentrations and child neurodevelopment. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2023; 220:115227. [PMID: 36608759 PMCID: PMC10518186 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.115227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2022] [Revised: 12/21/2022] [Accepted: 01/03/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Gestational exposure to polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) has been associated with elevated risk for neurodevelopmental disorders. Placental epigenetics may serve as a potential mechanism of risk or marker of altered placental function. Prior studies have associated differential placental DNA methylation with maternal PCB exposure or with increased risk of autism spectrum disorder (ASD). However, sequencing-based placental methylomes have not previously been tested for simultaneous associations with maternal PCB levels and child neurodevelopmental outcomes. OBJECTIVES We aimed to identify placental DNA methylation patterns associated with maternal PCB levels and child neurodevelopmental outcomes in the high-risk ASD MARBLES cohort. METHODS We measured 209 PCB congeners in 104 maternal serum samples collected at delivery. We identified networks of DNA methylation from 147 placenta samples using the Comethyl R package, which performs weighted gene correlation network analysis for whole genome bisulfite sequencing data. We tested placental DNA methylation modules for association with maternal serum PCB levels, child neurodevelopment, and other participant traits. RESULTS PCBs 153 + 168, 170, 180 + 193, and 187 were detected in over 50% of maternal serum samples and were highly correlated with one another. Consistent with previous findings, maternal age was the strongest predictor of serum PCB levels, alongside year of sample collection, pre-pregnancy BMI, and polyunsaturated fatty acid levels. Twenty seven modules of placental DNA methylation were identified, including five which significantly correlated with one or more PCBs, and four which correlated with child neurodevelopment. Two modules associated with maternal PCB levels as well as child neurodevelopment, and mapped to CSMD1 and AUTS2, genes previously implicated in ASD and identified as differentially methylated regions in mouse brain and placenta following gestational PCB exposure. CONCLUSIONS Placental DNA co-methylation modules were associated with maternal PCBs and child neurodevelopment. Methylation of CSMD1 and AUTS2 could be markers of altered placental function and/or ASD risk following maternal PCB exposure.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Julia S Mouat
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of California, Davis, CA, USA; Perinatal Origins of Disparities Center, University of California, Davis, CA, USA; Genome Center, University of California, Davis, CA, USA; MIND Institute, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Xueshu Li
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, College of Public Health, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Kari Neier
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of California, Davis, CA, USA; Perinatal Origins of Disparities Center, University of California, Davis, CA, USA; Genome Center, University of California, Davis, CA, USA; MIND Institute, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Yihui Zhu
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of California, Davis, CA, USA; Perinatal Origins of Disparities Center, University of California, Davis, CA, USA; Genome Center, University of California, Davis, CA, USA; MIND Institute, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Charles E Mordaunt
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of California, Davis, CA, USA; Perinatal Origins of Disparities Center, University of California, Davis, CA, USA; Genome Center, University of California, Davis, CA, USA; MIND Institute, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Michele A La Merrill
- Perinatal Origins of Disparities Center, University of California, Davis, CA, USA; Department of Environmental Toxicology, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Hans-Joachim Lehmler
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, College of Public Health, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Michael P Jones
- Department of Biostatistics, College of Public Health, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Pamela J Lein
- Perinatal Origins of Disparities Center, University of California, Davis, CA, USA; MIND Institute, University of California, Davis, CA, USA; Department of Molecular Biosciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Rebecca J Schmidt
- Perinatal Origins of Disparities Center, University of California, Davis, CA, USA; MIND Institute, University of California, Davis, CA, USA; Department of Public Health Sciences, School of Medicine, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Janine M LaSalle
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of California, Davis, CA, USA; Perinatal Origins of Disparities Center, University of California, Davis, CA, USA; Genome Center, University of California, Davis, CA, USA; MIND Institute, University of California, Davis, CA, USA.
| |
Collapse
|