Effect of education based on the Common-Sense Model of Self-Regulation on blood pressure and self-management of hypertensive patients: A clinical trial study

Blood pressure impact of dietary practices using the DASH method: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Background

In order to ascertain the impact of the Dietary Approach to Stop Hypertension (DASH) diet on blood pressure (BP), a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials were carried out. DASH is advised for lowering BP.

Methods

Scopus databases were searched from the beginning of 2024. A total of 579 articles from 2019 to 2023 from PubMed: 15, Scopus: 164 and Crossref: 400. There were 8 articles included in the meta-analysis.

Results

Systolic BP (1.29 mmHg to 4.6 mmHg, 95% CI, -2.17, -0.41; P < 0.005) and diastolic BP (0.76 mmHg to 1.1 mmHg, 95% CI, -1.39, -0.13; P < 0.005) were found to be significantly reduced by the DASH diet, while total cholesterol concentrations (5.2 mmol/L; P < 0.005), low-density lipoprotein (8.2 mmol/L; P = 0.03), and high-density lipoprotein increased by 8.2% (P < 0.005) were lowered by 0.9 points.

Conclusions

When followed consistently, the DASH diet can reduce BP's systolic and diastolic readings.

Trial Registration

PROSPERO Identifier: CRD42023494005.

Nursing Future Horizon: Simultaneous Continual Nursing Model and Homemade Dialogue Tool for Controlling Cardiac Function and Blood Pressure in Hypertensive Heart Diseases

Background

Hypertension (HTN) is a chronic condition that requires ongoing management to maintain health and prevent organ damage. Skilled nurses are essential in promoting lifestyle changes and personalizing medications, especially for patients in cardiac rehabilitation, which can lead to better cardiac function and manageable blood pressure.

Purpose

To examine the effects of a continuous nursing model merged with homemade dialogue tools on cardiac function and blood pressure control in patients with HTN and heart disease.

Methodology

From March 2019 to June 2021, a compelling study involved 82 patients randomly assigned to either a control or experiment group. The control group received routine health education and follow-up calls as standard care. However, the experiment group benefited from an innovative pictorial dialogue tool designed under the Cardiac Rehabilitation and Secondary Prevention Chinese guidelines to enhance understanding and adherence to crucial health practices, potentially leading to better cardiac function and boosting blood pressure control in patients.

Results

Considering the designed nursing model, satisfaction with care increased from 48 to 63%. The systolic and diastolic blood pressures were also reduced from 144.45 ± 3.27 to 129.63 ± 3.06 mmHg and 89.46 ± 4.57 to 79.51 ± 3.53 mmHg, respectively. Furthermore, an appropriate cardiac function was approached in the research category by inclining the left ventricular ejection fraction and cardiac index up to 77.43 ± 4.17% and 19.25 ± 1.56 L/min/m2, respectively.

Conclusion

The simultaneous nursing model combined with a self-developed picture-viewing tool effectively improved cardiac rehabilitation, blood pressure control, patient satisfaction, care coordination, treatment compliance, and quality of life in patients with hypertension and heart disease.

Implications

The combined continuous nursing model and homemade dialogue tools led to higher patient satisfaction and lower blood pressure compared to standard nursing care after three months. This approach improved cardiac rehabilitation and overall patient satisfaction.

Qualitative Study on the Real Experiences of Patients with Meige Syndrome Based on the Individual and Family Self-Management Theory

Objective

This study aimed to analyze the real experiences of patients with Meige Syndrome, which is an idiopathic dystonia, during the perioperative period and to explore the practical application and effectiveness of Individual and Family Self-Management Theory (IFSMT) in improving patient experiences.

Methods

A qualitative descriptive research methodology was employed to elucidate the intricate psychological and social experiences encountered by patients with Meige Syndrome throughout the perioperative phase. This study conduct face-to-face, one-on-one, semi-structured interviews with 16 Meige Syndrome patients to gain an in-depth understanding of the patients' true feelings and needs. Interview data were organized and analyzed using Colaizzi's method, and themes were refined in conjunction with IFSMT to reveal patients' self-management practices and influencing factors.

Results

Through in-depth analysis using Colaizzi's method and the application of IFSMT to the perioperative experiences of patients with Meige Syndrome, and reported according to COREQ standards, three core themes were identified: (1) Context Dimension (specific disease factors, physical and social environmental factors, personal and family factors), (2) Process Dimension (knowledge and beliefs, self-regulation and self-efficacy, social facilitation), and (3) Outcome Dimension (proximal and distal outcomes of self-management behaviors).

Conclusion

This study demonstrates that IFSMT has significant application value in the perioperative experiences of patients with Meige Syndrome. Enhancing patients' knowledge, beliefs, self-regulation abilities, and social support can promote effective self-management behaviors, thereby improving their quality of life and health status. Additionally, the study reveals the complexity of self-management in perioperative patients, emphasizing the importance of interdisciplinary collaboration and comprehensive interventions in enhancing patient experiences. Future research can further explore how to apply these theories in clinical practice to optimize perioperative management and rehabilitation processes for patients with Meige Syndrome.

Exploring the Illness Perceptions of Patients With Urostomy Based on the Common-Sense Model of Self-Regulation: A Descriptive Qualitative Study

Illness perceptions play a significant role in coping and self-management behaviors adopted by patients when facing health threats. To understand the illness perceptions of patients with urostomy, we conducted a descriptive qualitative study. An interview guide was formed based on the common-sense model of self-regulation(CSM), and 19 patients with urostomy were recruited through maximum variation purposive sampling for in-depth semi-structured interviews between January 2024 and June 2024. Five themes emerged from the analysis of the interview data through the thematic analysis method: (1) belief and view of the urostomy; (2) disruption of the usual order of life; (3) psychological burden and stress associated with urostomy management; (4) confusion and misconceptions about urostomy care; (5) coping strategies adopted for dealing with urostomy. Our study revealed the cognitive and emotional representations of patients with urostomy and identified that the coping strategies they adopted are oriented to illness perceptions and that illness perceptions also influence the choice of coping strategies. This study provides healthcare professionals with a deeper and broader understanding of the distinctive perceptions of patients with urostomy.

The Effect of Psychoeducation Based on Leventhal's Self-Regulation Model on Dysmenorrhoea in Nursing Students: A Single-Blind Randomised Controlled Study

BACKGROUND

The use of self-analgesics among women for dysmenorrhoea is common. Non-pharmacological methods can be employed to effectively cope with dysmenorrhoea. Psychoeducation based on Leventhal's Self-Regulation Model (SRM) is an affordable, easy, and non-pharmacological way that clinics can use to cope with dysmenorrhoea.

METHOD

This study aimed to investigate how psychoeducation affected dysmenorrhoea for nursing students using SRM. The sample consisted of 66 female students suffering from moderate-to-severe menstrual pain. A three-session psychoeducation based on SRM was applied to the intervention group. An 'Introductory Information Form', 'Visual Analogue Scale', 'Functional and Emotional Measure of Dysmenorrhoea (FEMD)', and 'Menstrual Symptom Questionnaire (MSQ)' were used to collect the data. All the measurements were carried out over three consecutive menstrual cycles.

RESULTS

A generalised linear model was used to analyse the data. After receiving psychoeducation, the pain and functional and emotional symptoms of dysmenorrhoea mean scores significantly decreased in the intervention group compared to the control group (p < .05), whereas there was no significant difference between the groups' MSQ mean scores (p > .05).

CONCLUSION

The psychoeducation reduced the severity of dysmenorrhoea pain and the functional and emotional impact levels of dysmenorrhoea and it was proved to be effective at helping the subjects cope with pain in the long term.

Indian Clinician's Perspective on the Approach to the Management of Hypertension: A Cross-Sectional Study

Introduction Hypertension (HTN) is considered one of the most frequent life-threatening noncommunicable illnesses. Because HTN has a significant public health impact on cardiovascular health status and healthcare systems in India, it is critical to study Indian clinicians' approaches to HTN management. Methodology This was a cross-sectional, multicentric, non-interventional, and single-visit study that aimed to gather data from across India and examine sociodemographic characteristics and clinician treatment choices in the management of HTN in Indian individuals. As a result, building an information platform about HTN is critical to preventing and controlling this growing burden. Results A total of 5298 patients were recruited in the study from 1061 study centers across India. Among the study patients, 66.67% were females with a mean age of 53.95 ± 14.4, and 66.28% of hypertensive patients presented comorbidities. Among the known risk factors for HTN, 2227 (44.5%) were smokers, while 2587 (51.7%) had sedentary lifestyles. A family history of HTN in either one or both parents was seen in 1076 (21.50%) patients. In management, 40.40% of patients were on anti-hypertensive monotherapy. Amlodipine (41.8%) in monotherapy and amlodipine + metoprolol (32.34%) in combination therapy were the most commonly prescribed antihypertensive. Conclusion Management of HTN can be improved by imparting patient education and awareness about the need for medication compliance, lifestyle modifications, and regular follow-up clinic visits.