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Kim SJ, Kang YJ, Kim JH. Comparison of the accuracy of a cone beam computed tomography-based virtual mounting technique with that of the conventional mounting technique using a facebow. J Prosthet Dent 2023:S0022-3913(23)00570-X. [PMID: 37957064 DOI: 10.1016/j.prosdent.2023.08.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2023] [Revised: 08/22/2023] [Accepted: 08/23/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023]
Abstract
STATEMENT OF PROBLEM The introduction of digital technology in dentistry has resulted in a shift from conventional methods to digital techniques. However, mounting a digitized dental cast on a virtual articulator is challenging. Several techniques have been suggested to resolve this problem, but in the absence of a standardized method, digitized dental casts are often mounted arbitrarily on a virtual articulator. PURPOSE The purpose of this clinical study was to compare the accuracy of a novel virtual facebow transfer (VM) technique based on cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) with that of the conventional mounting (CM) technique using a facebow. MATERIAL AND METHODS Five repeated mountings were performed with each technique for 15 participants. In the CM group, dental casts were mounted using a facebow record and scanned for transmission to the virtual dental space. In the VM group, digital dental casts were mounted on the standard tessellation language file of a reference articulator by reconstructing a file of the participant's skull from CBCT data. In this group, a virtual facebow, prepared by scanning the articulator and facebow complex, was used. After the CM and VM casts had been aligned, the coordinates of target points set on the maxillary right central incisor, maxillary right first molar, and maxillary left first molar were determined, and the mean ±standard deviation distance between the target points was calculated to compare the precision of the techniques. Additionally, vectors of the target point on the maxillary right central incisor were compared to analyze the spatial difference between the techniques. Finally, the occlusal plane angle was calculated. For the correlation analysis of repeated measured data, a 1-way repeated measures analysis of variance (ANOVA) was first performed. The Kolmogorov-Smirnov test was performed to determine normality, and a paired t test and the Wilcoxon signed rank test were performed for normally and nonnormally distributed variables, respectively (α=.05). RESULTS The mean distance between target points was significantly greater in the CM group (4.72 ±1.45 to 5.17 ±1.54 mm) than in the VM group (2.14 ±0.58 to 2.35 ±0.60 mm) (P<.05). The standard deviation between target points was significantly greater in the CM group (1.60 ±0.64 to 2.30 ±0.87 mm) than in the VM group (0.74 ±0.23 to 1.12 ±0.45 mm) (P<.05). The maxillary right central incisor was located more anteriorly in the VM group than in the CM (100%, P<.05) group. The occlusal plane angle was significantly steeper in the CM group than in the VM group (8.14 degrees versus 2.13 degrees, P<.05). CONCLUSIONS The VM technique was more precise than the CM technique. VM casts were positioned ahead of CM casts. Further, the occlusal plane angle tended to be steeper with the CM technique than with the VM technique.
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Affiliation(s)
- Su-Jin Kim
- Graduate student, Department of Prosthodontics, Oral Science Research Center, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - You-Jung Kang
- Research Assistant Professor, Department of Prosthodontics, Oral Science Research Center, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jee-Hwan Kim
- Associate Professor, Department of Prosthodontics, Oral Science Research Center, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, Seoul, Republic of Korea..
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Raffone C, Gianfreda F, Antonacci D, Pompeo MG, Bollero P, Canullo L. Chairside virtual patient protocol. Part 3: In vitro accuracy of a digital facebow. J Dent 2023; 137:104622. [PMID: 37453655 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdent.2023.104622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2022] [Revised: 06/09/2023] [Accepted: 07/12/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The present study aimed to investigate the trueness and precision of an intraoral transfer element (IOTE) designed for matching intraoral and facial scans. METHODS A mannequin head with a maxillary model in position was used. Cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) was used to construct the master model (MM). A digital impression of the maxillary arch was taken using an intraoral scanner, and the IOTE was used to record the maxillary arch position. Twenty facial scans with and twenty without the IOTE in place were performed with a handheld device (Ipad Pro, Apple) using a dedicated software. Digital mounting was performed to build a scan model (SM). Using software for data processing, the three-dimensional deviation between the MM and SM at the central left incisor (#9#), and the left and right first molars (#3#, #14#) was calculated as trueness and linear deviation precision. . Angular deviation was also calculated at the occlusal plane. RESULTS The linear deviation trueness at #9#, #3# and #14# was 0.3 ± 0.12 mm, 1.07 ± 0.28 mm, and 0.18 ± 0.34 mm, respectively, whereas the precision was 1.17 ± 0.4 mm, 0.43 ± 0.12 mm, and 0.64 ± 0.28 mm, respectively. Trueness of the angular deviation at the occlusal plane was 2.17 ± 0.46°, whereas the angular deviation precision was 0.64 ± 0.28°. CONCLUSIONS Based on in vitro findings the proposed IOTE design is accurate and suitable for clinical use. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE Direct virtual mounting is a reliable technique in vitro; however, in vivo tests are required.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Francesco Gianfreda
- Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Rome 00133, Italy
| | | | | | - Patrizio Bollero
- Department of System Medicine, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Rome 00133, Italy
| | - Luigi Canullo
- Department of Surgical Sciences, University of Genova, Genoa, Italy
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Zhou G, Yu F, Yu H, Xia L, Yuan L, Fang B. Treatment of skeletal class III malocclusion using a combined clear aligner and surgery-early approach : Assessment based on the American Board of Orthodontics Objective Grading System. J Orofac Orthop 2023:10.1007/s00056-023-00458-2. [PMID: 36867218 DOI: 10.1007/s00056-023-00458-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2022] [Accepted: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 03/04/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To evaluate whether clear aligner therapy (CAT) combined with a surgery-early approach can achieve good therapeutic effects in patients with skeletal class III malocclusion. METHODS Thirty consecutive skeletal class III malocclusion cases treated with clear aligners combined with early surgery were selected. Treatment time, lateral cephalograms and American Board of Orthodontics Objective Grading System (ABO-OGS) scores of the treatment models were measured to evaluate the treatment efficiency, facial profile, and occlusion. RESULTS The results showed that early surgery was achieved after 7.71 months of presurgical orthodontics, on average. ANB decreased by 5.57° (P < 0.001), and STissue N Vert to Pog' decreased by 7.29 mm (P = 0.001), both reaching normal values. The posttreatment ABO-OGS scores were 26.600 on average, meeting its standards. CONCLUSIONS With the assistance of CAT, early surgery can be accomplished in patients with skeletal class III malocclusion, improving their facial profile and achieving functional occlusion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guoli Zhou
- Department of Orthodontics, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, 500 Quxi Road, 200011, Shanghai, China
| | - Fei Yu
- Department of Orthodontics, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, 500 Quxi Road, 200011, Shanghai, China
| | - Hongbo Yu
- Department of Orthodontics, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, 500 Quxi Road, 200011, Shanghai, China
| | - Lunguo Xia
- Department of Orthodontics, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, 500 Quxi Road, 200011, Shanghai, China
| | - Lingjun Yuan
- Department of Orthodontics, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, 500 Quxi Road, 200011, Shanghai, China
| | - Bing Fang
- Department of Orthodontics, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, 500 Quxi Road, 200011, Shanghai, China.
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Camcı H, Salmanpour F. Comparing the esthetic impact of virtual mandibular advancement, bichectomy, jawline, and their combination. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 2023; 163:756-765. [PMID: 36646559 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajodo.2022.06.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2021] [Revised: 06/01/2022] [Accepted: 06/01/2022] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The purpose of this study was to compare the effects of mandibular advancement (MA), bichectomy, jawline, and their combination on facial attractiveness. The 3-dimensional (3D) visual sculpting is a method to perform the task. METHODS FaceBuilder software, a Blender 2.93 LTS add-on, was used to generate a 3D head and face model of a female patient with Class II Division I malocclusion. MA, bichectomy, jawline, and combination modifications were performed on the model using a 3D virtual sculpting tab, and 4 new head models were created. Five hundred thirteen participants scored lateral and frontal views of the modified and reference models. The Mann-Whitney U, Kruskal-Wallis, and Wilcoxon tests were used for statistical analysis. RESULTS MA modification received the highest frontal and lateral image scores. The raters found the jawline frontal photograph to be the least attractive. Significant differences were observed between the lateral and frontal attractiveness scores in all modifications except bichectomy. The combination of 3 modifications in both frontal and lateral images received the second-lowest score. CONCLUSIONS Facial esthetic modifications receive different attractiveness scores in lateral or frontal evaluations. MA outperforms bichectomy and jawline augmentation in terms of improving facial attractiveness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hasan Camcı
- Department of Orthodontics, Afyonkarahisar Health Science University, Afyonkarahisar, Turkey.
| | - Farhad Salmanpour
- Department of Orthodontics, Afyonkarahisar Health Science University, Afyonkarahisar, Turkey
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Yuan Y, Liu Q, Yang S, He W. Four-Dimensional Superimposition Techniques to Compose Dental Dynamic Virtual Patients: A Systematic Review. J Funct Biomater 2023; 14:jfb14010033. [PMID: 36662080 PMCID: PMC9861356 DOI: 10.3390/jfb14010033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Revised: 12/29/2022] [Accepted: 01/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Four-dimensional virtual patient is a simulation model integrating multiple dynamic data. This study aimed to review the techniques in virtual four-dimensional dental patients. Searches up to November 2022 were performed using the PubMed, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library databases. The studies included were based on the superimposition of two or more digital information types involving at least one dynamic technique. Methodological assessment of the risk of bias was performed according to the Joanna Briggs Institute Critical Appraisal Checklist. Methods, programs, information, registration techniques, applications, outcomes, and limitations of the virtual patients were analyzed. Twenty-seven full texts were reviewed, including 17 case reports, 10 non-randomized controlled experimental studies, 75 patients, and 3 phantoms. Few studies showed a low risk of bias. Dynamic data included real-time jaw motion, simulated jaw position, and dynamic facial information. Three to five types of information were integrated to create virtual patients based on diverse superimposition methods. Thirteen studies showed acceptable dynamic techniques/models/registration accuracy, whereas 14 studies only introduced the feasibility. The superimposition of stomatognathic data from different information collection devices is feasible for creating dynamic virtual patients. Further studies should focus on analyzing the accuracy of four-dimensional virtual patients and developing a comprehensive system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Yuan
- Department of Orthodontics, Stomatological Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510280, China
| | - Qian Liu
- Center of Oral Implantology, Stomatological Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510280, China
| | - Shuo Yang
- Center of Oral Implantology, Stomatological Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510280, China
- Correspondence: (S.Y.); (W.H.); Tel.: +86-15-92033-2690 (S.Y.); +86-15-52109-6103 (W.H.)
| | - Wulin He
- Department of Orthodontics, Stomatological Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510280, China
- Correspondence: (S.Y.); (W.H.); Tel.: +86-15-92033-2690 (S.Y.); +86-15-52109-6103 (W.H.)
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Hou X, Xu X, Zhao M, Kong J, Wang M, Lee ES, Jia Q, Jiang HB. An overview of three-dimensional imaging devices in dentistry. J ESTHET RESTOR DENT 2022; 34:1179-1196. [PMID: 35968802 DOI: 10.1111/jerd.12955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2022] [Revised: 07/27/2022] [Accepted: 07/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To review four types of three-dimensional imaging devices: intraoral scanners, extraoral scanners, cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT), and facial scanners, in terms of their development, technologies, advantages, disadvantages, accuracy, influencing factors, and applications in dentistry. METHODS PubMed (National Library of Medicine) and Google Scholar databases were searched. Additionally, the scanner manufacturers' websites were accessed to obtain relevant data. Four authors independently selected the articles, books, and websites. To exclude duplicates and scrutinize the data, they were uploaded to Mendeley Data. In total, 135 articles, two books, and 17 websites were included. RESULTS Research and clinical practice have shown that oral and facial scanners and CBCT can be used widely in various areas of dentistry with high accuracy. CONCLUSION Although further advancement of these devices is desirable, there is no doubt that digital technology represents the future of dentistry. Furthermore, the combined use of different devices may bring dentistry into a new era. These four devices will play a significant role in clinical utility with high accuracy. The combined use of these devices should be explored further. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE The four devices will play a significant role in clinical use with high accuracy. The combined use of these devices should be explored further.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingyu Hou
- The Conversationalist Club, School of Stomatology, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Xiaotong Xu
- The Conversationalist Club, School of Stomatology, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Menghua Zhao
- The Conversationalist Club, School of Stomatology, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Jiawen Kong
- The Conversationalist Club, School of Stomatology, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Mingchang Wang
- The Conversationalist Club, School of Stomatology, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Eui-Seok Lee
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Graduate School of Clinical Dentistry, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Qi Jia
- The Conversationalist Club, School of Stomatology, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Heng Bo Jiang
- The Conversationalist Club, School of Stomatology, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, China
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Lepidi L, Galli M, Mastrangelo F, Venezia P, Joda T, Wang H, Li J. Virtual Articulators and Virtual Mounting Procedures: Where Do We Stand? J Prosthodont 2020; 30:24-35. [DOI: 10.1111/jopr.13240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2020] [Revised: 07/27/2020] [Accepted: 08/12/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Luca Lepidi
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine University of Foggia School of Dentistry Foggia Italy
| | - Matthew Galli
- Department of Periodontics and Oral Medicine University of Michigan School of Dentistry Ann Arbor MI
| | - Filiberto Mastrangelo
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine University of Foggia School of Dentistry Foggia Italy
| | - Pietro Venezia
- Department of Prosthodontics School of Dentistry University of Catania Catania Italy
| | - Tim Joda
- Department of Reconstructive Dentistry Head Dental Technology & Digital Dental Solutions University Center for Dental Medicine Basel Switzerland
| | - Hom‐Lay Wang
- Department of Periodontics and Oral Medicine University of Michigan School of Dentistry Ann Arbor MI
| | - Junying Li
- Department of Periodontics and Oral Medicine University of Michigan School of Dentistry Ann Arbor MI
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Facially Driven Digital Diagnostic Waxing: New Software Features to Simulate and Define Restorative Outcomes. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s40496-019-00233-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Zaragoza-Siqueiros J, Medellin-Castillo HI, de la Garza-Camargo H, Lim T, Ritchie JM. An integrated haptic-enabled virtual reality system for orthognathic surgery planning. Comput Methods Biomech Biomed Engin 2019; 22:499-517. [PMID: 30714408 DOI: 10.1080/10255842.2019.1566817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Conventional Orthognathic surgery (OGS) planning involves cephalometric analyses and dental casts to be mounted on an articulator. Dental segments are subsequently identified, cut and repositioned to allow the fabrication of intraoral wafers that guide the positioning of the osteotomy bone segments. This conventional planning introduces many inaccuracies that affect the post-surgery outcomes. Although computer technologies have advanced computational tools for OGS planning, they have failed in providing a practical solution. Many focuses only on some specific stages of the planning process, and their ability to transfer preoperative planning data to the operating room is limited. This paper proposes a new integrated haptic-enabled virtual reality (VR) system for OGS planning. The system incorporates CAD tools and haptics to facilitate a complete planning process and is able to automatically generate preoperative plans. A clinical pre-diagnosis is also provided automatically by the system based on the patient's digital data. A functional evaluation based on a real patient case study demonstrates that the proposed virtual OGS planning method is feasible and more effective than the traditional approach at increasing the intuitiveness and reducing errors and planning times.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Theodore Lim
- c Institute of Mechanical, Process and Energy Engineering, School of Engineering and Physical Sciences , Heriot-Watt University , Riccarton , Edinburgh , UK
| | - James M Ritchie
- c Institute of Mechanical, Process and Energy Engineering, School of Engineering and Physical Sciences , Heriot-Watt University , Riccarton , Edinburgh , UK
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de Lira ADLS, de Moura WL, Artese F, Bittencourt MAV, Nojima LI. Surgical prediction of skeletal and soft tissue changes in treatment of Class II. J Craniomaxillofac Surg 2012. [PMID: 23201327 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcms.2012.07.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The purpose of this study was to study the treatment outcomes and the accuracy of digital prediction and the actual postoperative outcome with Dolphin program on subjects presenting Class II malocclusions. METHODS Forty patients underwent surgical mandibular advancement (Group 1) and 40 underwent combined surgery of mandibular advancement and maxillary impaction (Group 2). The available pre surgical (t₁) and a minimum of 12 months post surgical (t₂) cephalometric radiographs were digitized. Predictive cephalograms (t₃) for both groups were traced. RESULTS At all times evaluated, Group 1 displayed a shorter mandibular length and Group 2 had a longer lower face. In both groups the surgical interventions (t₂) were greater than initially predicted. There was no significant difference between groups with regards to overjet, overbite and soft tissue measurements. CONCLUSIONS In both groups surgeries were more extensive than planned. Facial convexity and the distance of the lips to cranial base presented similar values between t₂ (post surgical) and t₃ (predicted).
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana de Lourdes Sá de Lira
- Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
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Olszewski R. Surgical Engineering in Cranio-Maxillofacial Surgery: A Literature Review. JOURNAL OF HEALTHCARE ENGINEERING 2012. [DOI: 10.1260/2040-2295.3.1.53] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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Markiewicz MR, Bell RB. The Use of 3D Imaging Tools in Facial Plastic Surgery. Facial Plast Surg Clin North Am 2011; 19:655-82, ix. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fsc.2011.07.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Modern concepts in computer-assisted craniomaxillofacial reconstruction. Curr Opin Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2011; 19:295-301. [DOI: 10.1097/moo.0b013e328348a924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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Reliability of computerized cephalometric outcome predictions of mandibular set-back surgery. SRP ARK CELOK LEK 2011; 139:138-42. [PMID: 21618862 DOI: 10.2298/sarh1104138s] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION A successful treatment outcome in dentofacial deformity patients commonly requires combined orthodontic-surgical therapy. This enables us to overcome functional, aesthetic and psychological problems. Since most patients state aesthetics as the primary motive for seeking therapy, cephalometric predictions of treatment outcome have become the essential part of treatment planning, especially in combined orthodontic-surgical cases. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to evaluate the validity and reliability of computerized orthognathic surgery outcome predictions generated using the Nemotec Dental Studio NX 2005 software. METHODS The sample of the study consisted of 31 patients diagnosed with mandibular prognathism who were surgically treated at the Hospital for Maxillofacial Surgery in Belgrade. Investigation was done on lateral cephalograms made before and after surgical treatment. Cephalograms were digitized and analyzed using computer software. According to measurements made on superimposed pre- and postsurgical cephalograms, the patients were retreated within the software and the predictions were assessed by measuring seven angular and three linear parameters. Prediction measurements were then compared with the actual outcome. RESULTS Results showed statistically significant changes between posttreatment and predicted values for parameters referring to lower lip and mentolabial sulcus position. CONCLUSION Computerized cephalometric predictions for hard-tissue structures in the sagittal and vertical planes, as well as the VTO parameters, generated using the Nemotec Dental Studio NX 2005 software are reliable, while lower lip and mentolabial sulcus position predictions are not reliable enough.
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Bell RB. Computer planning and intraoperative navigation in orthognathic surgery. J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2011; 69:592-605. [PMID: 21353924 DOI: 10.1016/j.joms.2009.06.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2009] [Accepted: 06/26/2009] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- R Bryan Bell
- Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Service, Legacy Emanuel Hospital, 1849 Northwest Kearney, Suite 300, Portland, OR 97209, USA.
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Plooij JM, Maal TJJ, Haers P, Borstlap WA, Kuijpers-Jagtman AM, Bergé SJ. Digital three-dimensional image fusion processes for planning and evaluating orthodontics and orthognathic surgery. A systematic review. Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2010; 40:341-52. [PMID: 21095103 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijom.2010.10.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 178] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2009] [Revised: 05/30/2010] [Accepted: 10/13/2010] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
The three important tissue groups in orthognathic surgery (facial soft tissues, facial skeleton and dentition) can be referred to as a triad. This triad plays a decisive role in planning orthognathic surgery. Technological developments have led to the development of different three-dimensional (3D) technologies such as multiplanar CT and MRI scanning, 3D photography modalities and surface scanning. An objective method to predict surgical and orthodontic outcome should be established based on the integration of structural (soft tissue envelope, facial skeleton and dentition) and photographic 3D images. None of the craniofacial imaging techniques can capture the complete triad with optimal quality. This can only be achieved by 'image fusion' of different imaging techniques to create a 3D virtual head that can display all triad elements. A systematic search of current literature on image fusion in the craniofacial area was performed. 15 articles were found describing 3D digital image fusion models of two or more different imaging techniques for orthodontics and orthognathic surgery. From these articles it is concluded, that image fusion and especially the 3D virtual head are accurate and realistic tools for documentation, analysis, treatment planning and long term follow up. This may provide an accurate and realistic prediction model.
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Shirota T, Kurabayashi H, Ogura H, Seki K, Maki K, Shintani S. Analysis of bone volume using computer simulation system for secondary bone graft in alveolar cleft. Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2010; 39:904-8. [PMID: 20605410 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijom.2010.04.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2009] [Revised: 04/28/2010] [Accepted: 04/30/2010] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to measure the bone volume necessary for secondary bone grafting in the alveolar cleft using surgical simulation software based on three-dimensional computed tomography (CT) scan data, to compare this measurement with the actual volume of the bone graft, and to evaluate consistency. The subjects were 13 patients with cleft lip and palate who underwent CT using a cone-beam CT unit (CB-CT) 1 month before surgery, followed by bone grafting with particulate cancellous bone and marrow (PCBM) to close the cleft. The bone volume necessary for grafting was measured based on the CB-CT scan data. Correlation analysis, a test of the population mean between two samples, and Wilcoxon's signed rank test were conducted between these measurements and the actual bone volume (PCBM volume) used for grafting. SPSS was used for statistical analysis, and the level of significance was set below the 5% level. The results showed a significant correlation, with no significant differences between the two in all tests. These results suggest that measuring and preoperatively calculating the bone volume necessary for bone grafting with surgical simulation software using CB-CT scan data is beneficial.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Shirota
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Showa University, Tokyo, Japan.
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Bell RB. Computer planning and intraoperative navigation in cranio-maxillofacial surgery. Oral Maxillofac Surg Clin North Am 2010; 22:135-56. [PMID: 20159483 DOI: 10.1016/j.coms.2009.10.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 139] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Preoperative computer design and stereolithographic modeling combined with intraoperative navigation provide a useful guide for and possibly more accurate reconstruction of a variety of complex cranio-maxillofacial deformities. Although probably not necessary for routine use, the author's early experience confirms that of other surgeons with more than a decade of experience: computer-assisted surgery is indicated for complex posttraumatic or postablative reconstruction of the orbits, cranium, maxilla, and mandible; total temporomandibular joint replacement; orthognathic surgery; and complex dental/craniofacial implantology. Further study is needed to provide outcomes data and cost-benefit analyses for each of these indications.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Bryan Bell
- Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Service, Legacy Emanuel Hospital and Health Center, Head and Neck Surgical Associates, Oregon Health & Science University, 1849 NW Kearney, Suite 300, Portland, OR 97209, USA.
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Schaaf H, Malik CY, Howaldt HP, Streckbein P. Evolution of photography in maxillofacial surgery: from analog to 3D photography - an overview. Clin Cosmet Investig Dent 2009; 1:39-45. [PMID: 23674904 PMCID: PMC3652353 DOI: 10.2147/ccide.s6760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
In maxillofacial surgery, digital photographic documentation plays a crucial role in clinical routine. This paper gives an overview of the evolution from analog to digital in photography and highlights the integration of digital photography into daily medical routine. The digital workflow is described and we show that image quality is improved by systematic use of photographic equipment and post-processing of digital photographs. One of the advantages of digital photography is the possibility of immediate reappraisal of the photographs for alignment, brightness, positioning, and other photographic settings, which aids in avoiding errors and allows the instant repetition of photographs if necessary. Options for avoiding common mistakes in clinical photography are also described and recommendations made for post-processing of pictures, data storage, and data management systems. The new field of 3D digital photography is described in the context of cranial measurements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heidrun Schaaf
- Department of Maxillo-Facial Surgery, University hospital Giessen and Marburg GmbH, Giessen, Germany
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