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Masson-Meyers DS, Bertassoni LE, Tayebi L. Oral mucosa equivalents, prevascularization approaches, and potential applications. Connect Tissue Res 2022; 63:514-529. [PMID: 35132918 PMCID: PMC9357199 DOI: 10.1080/03008207.2022.2035375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2021] [Accepted: 01/10/2022] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Oral mucosa equivalents (OMEs) have been used as in vitro models (eg, for studies of human oral mucosa biology and pathology, toxicological and pharmacological tests of oral care products), and clinically to treat oral defects. However, the human oral mucosa is a highly vascularized tissue and implantation of large OMEs can fail due to a lack of vascularization. To develop equivalents that better resemble the human oral mucosa and increase the success of implantation to repair large-sized defects, efforts have been made to prevascularize these constructs. PURPOSE The aim of this narrative review is to provide an overview of the human oral mucosa structure, common approaches for its reconstruction, and the development of OMEs, their prevascularization, and in vitro and clinical potential applications. STUDY SELECTION Articles on non-prevascularized and prevascularized OMEs were included, since the development and applications of non-prevascularized OMEs are a foundation for the design, fabrication, and optimization of prevascularized OMEs. CONCLUSIONS Several studies have reported the development and in vitro and clinical applications of OMEs and only a few were found on prevascularized OMEs using different approaches of fabrication and incorporation of endothelial cells, indicating a lack of standardized protocols to obtain these equivalents. However, these studies have shown the feasibility of prevascularizing OMEs and their implantation in animal models resulted in enhanced integration and healing. Vascularization in tissue equivalents is still a challenge, and optimization of cell culture conditions, biomaterials, and fabrication techniques along with clinical studies is required.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Luiz E. Bertassoni
- School of Dentistry, Oregon Health and Science University. Portland, OR 97201, USA
| | - Lobat Tayebi
- Marquette University School of Dentistry. Milwaukee, WI 53233, USA
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Pirsaheb M, Najafi F, Haghparast A, Hemati L, Sharafi K, Kurd N. The Influence of Internal Wall and Floor Covering Materials and Ventilation Type on Indoor Radon and Thoron Levels in Hospitals of Kermanshah, Iran. IRANIAN RED CRESCENT MEDICAL JOURNAL 2017; 18:e25292. [PMID: 28180013 PMCID: PMC5286217 DOI: 10.5812/ircmj.25292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2015] [Revised: 04/02/2015] [Accepted: 05/03/2015] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Building materials and the ventilation rate of a building are two main factors influencing indoor radon and thoron levels (two radioactive gases which have the most important role in human natural radiation exposure within dwellings). OBJECTIVES This analytical descriptive study was intended to determine the relationship between indoor radon and thoron concentrations and the building materials used in interior surfaces, as well as between those concentrations and the type of ventilation system (natural or artificial). MATERIALS AND METHODS 102 measurements of radon and thoron levels were taken from different parts of three hospital buildings in the city of Kermanshah in the west of Iran, using an RTM-1688-2 radon meter. Information on the type of building material and ventilation system in the measurement location was collected and then analyzed using Stata 8 software and multivariate linear regression. RESULTS In terms of radon and thoron emissions, travertine and plaster were found to be the most appropriate and inappropriate covering for walls, respectively. Furthermore, granite and travertine were discovered to be inappropriate materials for flooring, while plastic floor covering was found suitable. Natural ventilation performed better for radon, while artificial ventilation worked better for thoron. CONCLUSIONS Internal building materials and ventilation type affect indoor radon and thoron concentrations. Therefore, the use of proper materials and adequate ventilation can reduce the potential human exposure to radon and thoron. This is of utmost importance, particularly in buildings with a high density of residents, including hospitals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meghdad Pirsaheb
- Environmental Health Engineering Department, School of Public Health, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, IR Iran
| | - Farid Najafi
- Epidemiology Research Center (KEERC), Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, IR Iran
| | - Abbas Haghparast
- Medical Physics Department, Faculty of Medicine, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, IR Iran
| | - Lida Hemati
- Research Center for Environmental Determinants of Health, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, IR Iran
- Environmental Health Engineering Department, School of Public Health, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, IR Iran
- Corresponding Author: Lida Hemati, Research Center for Environmental Determinants of Health, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, IR Iran. Tel: +98-9187240367; Fax: +98-8118380509, E-mail:
| | - Kiomars Sharafi
- School of Public Health, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, IR Iran
| | - Nematullah Kurd
- Department of Occupational Health Engineering, Faculty of Health, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, IR Iran
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Viñuela-Prieto JM, Sánchez-Quevedo MC, Alfonso-Rodríguez CA, Oliveira AC, Scionti G, Martín-Piedra MA, Moreu G, Campos A, Alaminos M, Garzón I. Sequential keratinocytic differentiation and maturation in a three-dimensional model of human artificial oral mucosa. J Periodontal Res 2014; 50:658-65. [PMID: 25470318 DOI: 10.1111/jre.12247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/21/2014] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE Oral mucosa shortage may limit or condition some clinical approaches in maxillofacial, periodontal and implant treatment. The availability of a human oral mucosa model generated by tissue engineering could help clinicians to address the lack of oral mucosa. In this work, we carried out a sequential maturation and differentiation study of the epithelial cell layer of an artificial human oral mucosa substitute based on fibrin-agarose biomaterials with fibroblasts and keratinocytes. MATERIAL AND METHODS Histological, immunohistochemical and gene expression analyses were carried out in artificial human oral mucosa models developed and cultured for 1, 2 and 3 wk. RESULTS Artificial oral mucosa models showed expression of tight junction proteins and cytokeratins from the first week of in vitro development. Mature samples of 3 wk of development subjected to air-liquid conditions showed signs of epithelial differentiation and expressed specific RNAs and proteins corresponding to adherent and gap junctions and basement lamina. Moreover, these mature samples overexpressed some desmosomal and tight junction transcripts, with gap junction components being downregulated. CONCLUSION These results suggest that bioengineered human oral mucosa substitutes form a well-developed epithelial layer that was very similar to human native tissues. In consequence, the epithelial layer could be fully functional in these oral mucosa substitutes, thus implying that these tissues may have clinical usefulness.
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Affiliation(s)
- J M Viñuela-Prieto
- Department of Histology (Tissue Engineering Group), Faculty of Medicine, University of Granada, Granada, Spain.,Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs, Granada, Spain.,PhD Programme in Biomedicine, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - M C Sánchez-Quevedo
- Department of Histology (Tissue Engineering Group), Faculty of Medicine, University of Granada, Granada, Spain.,Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs, Granada, Spain
| | - C A Alfonso-Rodríguez
- Department of Histology (Tissue Engineering Group), Faculty of Medicine, University of Granada, Granada, Spain.,Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs, Granada, Spain
| | - A C Oliveira
- Department of Histology (Tissue Engineering Group), Faculty of Medicine, University of Granada, Granada, Spain.,Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs, Granada, Spain
| | - G Scionti
- Department of Histology (Tissue Engineering Group), Faculty of Medicine, University of Granada, Granada, Spain.,Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs, Granada, Spain
| | - M A Martín-Piedra
- Department of Histology (Tissue Engineering Group), Faculty of Medicine, University of Granada, Granada, Spain.,Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs, Granada, Spain
| | - G Moreu
- Department of Stomatology, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - A Campos
- Department of Histology (Tissue Engineering Group), Faculty of Medicine, University of Granada, Granada, Spain.,Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs, Granada, Spain
| | - M Alaminos
- Department of Histology (Tissue Engineering Group), Faculty of Medicine, University of Granada, Granada, Spain.,Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs, Granada, Spain
| | - I Garzón
- Department of Histology (Tissue Engineering Group), Faculty of Medicine, University of Granada, Granada, Spain.,Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs, Granada, Spain
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