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Wang R, Hua S, Xing Y, Wang R, Wang H, Jiang T, Yu F. Organic dye-based photosensitizers for fluorescence imaging-guided cancer phototheranostics. Coord Chem Rev 2024; 513:215866. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2024.215866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/08/2024]
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Razlog R, Kruger CA, Abrahamse H. Cytotoxic Effects of Combinative ZnPcS 4 Photosensitizer Photodynamic Therapy (PDT) and Cannabidiol (CBD) on a Cervical Cancer Cell Line. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24076151. [PMID: 37047123 PMCID: PMC10094677 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24076151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2022] [Revised: 03/06/2023] [Accepted: 03/22/2023] [Indexed: 04/14/2023] Open
Abstract
The most prevalent type of gynecological malignancy globally is cervical cancer (CC). Complicated by tumor resistance and metastasis, it remains the leading cause of cancer deaths in women in South Africa. Early CC is managed by hysterectomy, chemotherapy, radiation, and more recently, immunotherapy. Although these treatments provide clinical benefits, many patients experience adverse effects and secondary CC spread. To minimize this, novel and innovative treatment methods need to be investigated. Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is an advantageous treatment modality that is non-invasive, with limited side effects. The Cannabis sativa L. plant isolate, cannabidiol (CBD), has anti-cancer effects, which inhibit tumor growth and spread. This study investigated the cytotoxic combinative effect of PDT and CBD on CC HeLa cells. The effects were assessed by exposing in vitro HeLa CC-cultured cells to varying doses of ZnPcS4 photosensitizer (PS) PDT and CBD, with a fluency of 10 J/cm2 and 673 nm irradiation. HeLa CC cells, which received the predetermined lowest dose concentrations (ICD50) of 0.125 µM ZnPcS4 PS plus 0.5 µM CBD to yield 50% cytotoxicity post-laser irradiation, reported highly significant and advantageous forms of cell death. Flow cytometry cell death pathway quantitative analysis showed that only 13% of HeLa cells were found to be viable, 7% were in early apoptosis and 64% were in late favorable forms of apoptotic cell death, with a minor 16% of necrosis post-PDT. Findings suggest that this combined treatment approach can possibly induce primary cellular destruction, as well as limit CC metastatic spread, and so warrants further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Radmila Razlog
- Laser Research Centre, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Johannesburg, Doornfontein, P.O. Box 17011, Johannesburg 2028, South Africa
| | - Cherie Ann Kruger
- Laser Research Centre, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Johannesburg, Doornfontein, P.O. Box 17011, Johannesburg 2028, South Africa
| | - Heidi Abrahamse
- Laser Research Centre, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Johannesburg, Doornfontein, P.O. Box 17011, Johannesburg 2028, South Africa
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Carobeli LR, Meirelles LEDF, Damke GMZF, Damke E, de Souza MVF, Mari NL, Mashiba KH, Shinobu-Mesquita CS, Souza RP, da Silva VRS, Gonçalves RS, Caetano W, Consolaro MEL. Phthalocyanine and Its Formulations: A Promising Photosensitizer for Cervical Cancer Phototherapy. Pharmaceutics 2021; 13:pharmaceutics13122057. [PMID: 34959339 PMCID: PMC8705941 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13122057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2021] [Revised: 10/19/2021] [Accepted: 10/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Cervical cancer is one of the most common causes of cancer-related deaths in women worldwide. Despite advances in current therapies, women with advanced or recurrent disease present poor prognosis. Photodynamic therapy (PDT) has emerged as an effective therapeutic alternative to treat oncological diseases such as cervical cancer. Phthalocyanines (Pcs) are considered good photosensitizers (PS) for PDT, although most of them present high levels of aggregation and are lipophilic. Despite many investigations and encouraging results, Pcs have not been approved as PS for PDT of invasive cervical cancer yet. This review presents an overview on the pathophysiology of cervical cancer and summarizes the most recent developments on the physicochemical properties of Pcs and biological results obtained both in vitro in tumor-bearing mice and in clinical tests reported in the last five years. Current evidence indicates that Pcs have potential as pharmaceutical agents for anti-cervical cancer therapy. The authors firmly believe that Pc-based formulations could emerge as a privileged scaffold for the establishment of lead compounds for PDT against different types of cervical cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucimara R. Carobeli
- Department of Clinical Analysis and Biomedicine, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Maringá 87020-900, PR, Brazil; (L.R.C.); (L.E.d.F.M.); (G.M.Z.F.D.); (E.D.); (M.V.F.d.S.); (N.L.M.); (K.H.M.); (C.S.S.-M.); (R.P.S.); (V.R.S.d.S.)
| | - Lyvia E. de F. Meirelles
- Department of Clinical Analysis and Biomedicine, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Maringá 87020-900, PR, Brazil; (L.R.C.); (L.E.d.F.M.); (G.M.Z.F.D.); (E.D.); (M.V.F.d.S.); (N.L.M.); (K.H.M.); (C.S.S.-M.); (R.P.S.); (V.R.S.d.S.)
| | - Gabrielle M. Z. F. Damke
- Department of Clinical Analysis and Biomedicine, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Maringá 87020-900, PR, Brazil; (L.R.C.); (L.E.d.F.M.); (G.M.Z.F.D.); (E.D.); (M.V.F.d.S.); (N.L.M.); (K.H.M.); (C.S.S.-M.); (R.P.S.); (V.R.S.d.S.)
| | - Edilson Damke
- Department of Clinical Analysis and Biomedicine, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Maringá 87020-900, PR, Brazil; (L.R.C.); (L.E.d.F.M.); (G.M.Z.F.D.); (E.D.); (M.V.F.d.S.); (N.L.M.); (K.H.M.); (C.S.S.-M.); (R.P.S.); (V.R.S.d.S.)
| | - Maria V. F. de Souza
- Department of Clinical Analysis and Biomedicine, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Maringá 87020-900, PR, Brazil; (L.R.C.); (L.E.d.F.M.); (G.M.Z.F.D.); (E.D.); (M.V.F.d.S.); (N.L.M.); (K.H.M.); (C.S.S.-M.); (R.P.S.); (V.R.S.d.S.)
| | - Natália L. Mari
- Department of Clinical Analysis and Biomedicine, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Maringá 87020-900, PR, Brazil; (L.R.C.); (L.E.d.F.M.); (G.M.Z.F.D.); (E.D.); (M.V.F.d.S.); (N.L.M.); (K.H.M.); (C.S.S.-M.); (R.P.S.); (V.R.S.d.S.)
| | - Kayane H. Mashiba
- Department of Clinical Analysis and Biomedicine, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Maringá 87020-900, PR, Brazil; (L.R.C.); (L.E.d.F.M.); (G.M.Z.F.D.); (E.D.); (M.V.F.d.S.); (N.L.M.); (K.H.M.); (C.S.S.-M.); (R.P.S.); (V.R.S.d.S.)
| | - Cristiane S. Shinobu-Mesquita
- Department of Clinical Analysis and Biomedicine, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Maringá 87020-900, PR, Brazil; (L.R.C.); (L.E.d.F.M.); (G.M.Z.F.D.); (E.D.); (M.V.F.d.S.); (N.L.M.); (K.H.M.); (C.S.S.-M.); (R.P.S.); (V.R.S.d.S.)
| | - Raquel P. Souza
- Department of Clinical Analysis and Biomedicine, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Maringá 87020-900, PR, Brazil; (L.R.C.); (L.E.d.F.M.); (G.M.Z.F.D.); (E.D.); (M.V.F.d.S.); (N.L.M.); (K.H.M.); (C.S.S.-M.); (R.P.S.); (V.R.S.d.S.)
| | - Vânia R. S. da Silva
- Department of Clinical Analysis and Biomedicine, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Maringá 87020-900, PR, Brazil; (L.R.C.); (L.E.d.F.M.); (G.M.Z.F.D.); (E.D.); (M.V.F.d.S.); (N.L.M.); (K.H.M.); (C.S.S.-M.); (R.P.S.); (V.R.S.d.S.)
| | - Renato S. Gonçalves
- Department of Chemistry, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Maringá 87020-900, PR, Brazil; (R.S.G.); (W.C.)
| | - Wilker Caetano
- Department of Chemistry, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Maringá 87020-900, PR, Brazil; (R.S.G.); (W.C.)
| | - Márcia E. L. Consolaro
- Department of Clinical Analysis and Biomedicine, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Maringá 87020-900, PR, Brazil; (L.R.C.); (L.E.d.F.M.); (G.M.Z.F.D.); (E.D.); (M.V.F.d.S.); (N.L.M.); (K.H.M.); (C.S.S.-M.); (R.P.S.); (V.R.S.d.S.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +55-44-3011-5455
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Gerasymchuk Y, Tahershamsi L, Tomala R, Wedzynska A, Chernii V, Tretyakova I, Korona-Glowniak I, Rajtar B, Malm A, Piatek D, Lukowiak A. Composites based on graphite oxide and zirconium phthalocyanines with aromatic amino acids as photoactive materials. CHEMICAL PAPERS 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s11696-021-01731-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
AbstractThis article is a part of a scientific project focused on obtaining a new type of composite materials that are characterized by singlet oxygen generation upon irradiation with red light, which can be used as antibacterial agents. The composite material is nanoscale graphite oxide (GO) particles covalently bonded to an axially substituted zirconium phthalocyanine complex. For this purpose, two phthalocyanine zirconium complexes, axially mono-substituted with 4-aminosalicylic or 4-aminophthalic acids, were prepared and measured in terms of structure, morphology, and spectroscopic properties. The zirconium phthalocyanines are photosensitizers, and the axial ligands are bridging links connecting the complexes to the GO carrier (due to their terminal amino groups and carboxyl groups, respectively). The axial ligand in zirconium phthalocyanine complexes has a strong influence on the stability and optical properties of composite materials and, consequently, on reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation. In this paper, the effect of composite components (4-aminophthalato or 4-aminosalicylato substituted zirconium phthalocyanine complex as a photosensitizer and graphite oxide as a carrier and modulator of the action of active components) on ROS generation for potential antibacterial use is discussed.
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Gerasymchuk Y, Kędziora A, Wędzyńska A, Tahershamsi L, Chernii V, Tretyakova I, Chernii S, Pekhnyo V, Korona-Głowniak I, Malm A, Rajtar B, Bachanek T, Piątek D, Bugla-Płoskońska G, Lukowiak A. Composite based on graphite oxide, metallic silver and zirconium phthalocyanine coordinated by out-of-plane argininate ligands as photoactive antibacterial additive to endodontic cement. J Photochem Photobiol A Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochem.2021.113432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Zeinali S, Tuncel A, Yüzer A, Yurt F. Imaging and detection of cell apoptosis byIn vitrophotodynamic therapy applications of zinc (II) phthalocyanine on human melanoma cancer. Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther 2021; 36:102518. [PMID: 34478898 DOI: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2021.102518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2021] [Revised: 07/29/2021] [Accepted: 08/27/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
This study aims to investigate the photodynamic therapy (PDT) effects on MeWo (human melanoma cells) and HaCaT (normal human keratinocyte cells) by light stimulation of different concentrations of Zinc (II)-tetra-tert-butyl-phthalocyaninato (ZnPc). MTT viability assay data indicated that a 25 μM concentration of ZnPc is cytotoxic to the melanoma cancer cells while this concentration of ZnPc is not cytotoxic for the HaCaT cell line. Moreover, the results showed that photoactivated ZnPc at 12.5 μM concentration reduced the cell viability of the MeWo cell line to about 50 %. At this photosensitizing concentration, the efficacy of light doses of 20, 30, 40, and 50 J/cm2 was evaluated against MeWo and HaCaT cells. ZnPc at a concentration of 12.5 μM activated with a light dose of 50 J/cm2 was the most efficient for the killing of MeWo cells. In conclusion, the 12.5 μM of ZnPc with the treatment light dose of 50 J/cm2 from a RED light source was adequate to destroy MeWo cells by the ROS-induced apoptosis mechanism. It also exhibited low killing effects on healthy HaCaT cells. These findings are supported by the results of apoptosis with the Annexin V & Dead Cell Kit and fluorescence imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sevda Zeinali
- Department Biomedical Technologies, Institute of Science, Ege University, 35100, Bornova, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Ayca Tuncel
- Department of Nuclear Applications, Institute of Nuclear Science, Ege University, 35100, Bornova, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Abdulcelil Yüzer
- Faculty of Engineering, Department of Engineering Fundamental Sciences, Tarsus University, 33400, Tarsus, Turkey
| | - Fatma Yurt
- Department Biomedical Technologies, Institute of Science, Ege University, 35100, Bornova, Izmir, Turkey; Department of Nuclear Applications, Institute of Nuclear Science, Ege University, 35100, Bornova, Izmir, Turkey.
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Fabrication and characterization of polyethersulfone membranes functionalized with zinc phthalocyanines embedding different substitute groups. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2021.126288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
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Gallato Zirconium (IV) Phtalocyanine Complex Conjugated with SiO2 Nanocarrier as a Photoactive Drug for Photodynamic Therapy of Atheromatic Plaque. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26020260. [PMID: 33419179 PMCID: PMC7825541 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26020260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2020] [Revised: 12/24/2020] [Accepted: 12/29/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
A new conjugate of gallato zirconium (IV) phthalocyanine complexes (PcZrGallate) has been obtained from alkilamino-modified SiO2 nanocarriers (SiO2-(CH2)3-NH2NPs), which may potentially be used in photodynamic therapy of atherosclerosis. Its structure and morphology have been investigated. The photochemical properties of the composite material has been characterized. in saline environments when exposed to different light sources Reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation in DMSO suspension under near IR irradiation was evaluated. The PcZrGallate-SiO2 conjugate has been found to induce a cytotoxic effect on macrophages after IR irradiation, which did not correspond to ROS production. It was found that SiO2 as a carrier helps the photosensitizer to enter into the macrophages, a type of cells that play a key role in the development of atheroma. These properties of the novel conjugate may make it useful in the photodynamic therapy of coronary artery disease.
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Sobhani N, Dolat E, Darroudi M, Hashemzadeh A, Khoobi M, Salarabadi SS, Hoseini B, Sazgarnia A. Accompanying photocytotoxic activity of gold nanoechinus and zinc phthalocyanine on cancerous cell lines. Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther 2020; 32:101929. [PMID: 32795508 DOI: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2020.101929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2020] [Revised: 07/01/2020] [Accepted: 07/17/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Near-infrared triggered photodynamic therapy (NIR-PDT) has been introduced as a relatively deep tumor treatment modality. The gold Nanoechinus (Au NE) is a rare type of nanostructures that act as a transducer to change NIR wavelength to ultraviolet (UV) and visible lights. During the photodynamic process, Au nanoechinus (Au NE) converts the irradiation of 980 nm to 674 nm which is absorbed by Zn(II) Phthalocyanine tetrasulfonic acid (ZnPcS). In this study the cooperation effect of Au NE and ZnPcS in PDT on MCF7 and Hela cells was investigated. METHODS Cytotoxicity and phototoxicity of the composition having different concentrations of Au NE and ZnPcS upon irradiation of 980 nm NIR light were evaluated against MCF7 and Hela cells after two different incubation times and irradiating with two different power densities of laser. RESULTS Among different experimental groups, in MCF7 cells, which were incubated for 48 h with 50 μg/mL Au NE+2μM ZnPcS and were treated by 980 nm laser with a power density of 200 mW cm-2 for 15 and 30 min, 48 and 38% cell viability were recorded. No appreciable result was observed due to PDT of Hela cells. CONCLUSIONS Comparing to other PDT modalities against MCF7 cells, NIR-PDT procedure suggested in this study with the synergistic effect of Au NE and ZnPcS could be a secure promising modality in the treatment of deep-seated tumors. Carefully increasing the power density and ambient temperature, to the extent of skin tolerance threshold value, seems to be efficient in the treatment of Hela cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nafiseh Sobhani
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Neyshabur University of Medical Sciences, Neyshabur, Iran
| | - Elham Dolat
- Medical Physics Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
| | - Majid Darroudi
- Nuclear Medicine Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Alireza Hashemzadeh
- Department of Medical Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Metabolic Syndrome Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mehdi Khoobi
- Biomaterial Group, Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, The Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences (TIPS), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 1417614411, Iran
| | | | - Benyamin Hoseini
- Department of Health Information Technology, Neyshabur University of Medical Sciences, Neyshabur, Iran
| | - Ameneh Sazgarnia
- Medical Physics Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
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Ogbodu RO, Nitzsche B, Ma A, Atilla D, Gürek AG, Höpfner M. Photodynamic therapy of hepatocellular carcinoma using tetra-triethyleneoxysulfonyl zinc phthalocyanine as photosensitizer. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY B-BIOLOGY 2020; 208:111915. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2020.111915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2019] [Revised: 04/15/2020] [Accepted: 05/19/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Yurt F, Arslan T, Biyiklioglu Z, Tunçel A, Ozel D, Ocakoglu K. Nuclear imaging potential and in vitro photodynamic activity of Boron subphthalocyanine on colon carcinoma cells. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2020.101567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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Ozturk I, Tunçel A, Yurt F, Biyiklioglu Z, Ince M, Ocakoglu K. Antifungal photodynamic activities of phthalocyanine derivatives on Candida albicans. Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther 2020; 30:101715. [PMID: 32165338 DOI: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2020.101715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2019] [Revised: 02/20/2020] [Accepted: 03/06/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Antimicrobial resistance is one of the most important causes of morbidity and mortality in the treatment of infectious diseases worldwide. Candida albicans is one of the most virulent and common species of fungi to cause invasive fungal infections on humans. Alternative treatment strategies, including photodynamic therapy, are needed for controlling these infectious diseases. The aim of this study was to investigate the antifungal photodynamic activities of phthalocyanine derivatives on C. albicans. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values of compounds were determined by the broth microdilution method. Uptake of the compounds in C. albicans and dark toxicity of the compounds were also investigated. Photodynamic inhibition of growth experiments was performed by measuring the colony-forming unit/mL (CFU/mL) of the strain. Maximum uptake into the cells was observed in the presence of 64 μg/mL concentration for each compound except for ZnPc. Compounds did not show dark toxicity/inhibitory effects at sub-MIC concentrations on C. albicans when compared to the negative control groups. Zn(II)Pc, ZnPc, and ZnPc-TiO2 showed fungicidal effect after irradiation with the light dose of 90 J/cm2 in the presence of the compounds. In addition to the fungicidal effects, SubPc, SubPc-TiO2, Es-SiPc, and Es-SubPc compounds were also found to have inhibitory effects on the growth of yeast cells after irradiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ismail Ozturk
- Department of Pharmaceutical Microbiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Izmir Katip Celebi University, Izmir, 35620, Turkey.
| | - Ayça Tunçel
- Institute of Nuclear Science, Department of Nuclear Applications, Ege University, Izmir, 35100, Turkey
| | - Fatma Yurt
- Institute of Nuclear Science, Department of Nuclear Applications, Ege University, Izmir, 35100, Turkey.
| | - Zekeriya Biyiklioglu
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Karadeniz Technical University, Trabzon, 61080, Turkey
| | - Mine Ince
- Department of Energy Systems Engineering, Faculty of Technology, Tarsus University, Mersin, 33400, Turkey
| | - Kasim Ocakoglu
- Department of Energy Systems Engineering, Faculty of Technology, Tarsus University, Mersin, 33400, Turkey
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Yurt F, Ocakoglu K, Er O, Soylu HM, Ince M, Avci CB, Kurt CC, Sarı FA, Colak SG, Gunduz C. Evaluation of photodynamic therapy and nuclear imaging potential of subphthalocyanine integrated TiO2 nanoparticles in mammary and cervical tumor cells. J PORPHYR PHTHALOCYA 2019. [DOI: 10.1142/s1088424619500639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
This study, subphthalocyanines (SubPc) and SubPc integrated TiO2 nanoparticles (SubPc-TiO[Formula: see text] were synthesized as novel photosensitizers. Their PDT effects were evaluated. Furthermore, nuclear imaging potential of [Formula: see text]I-labelled SubPc/SubPc-TiO2 were examined in mouse mammary carcinoma (EMT6) and cervix adenocarcinoma (HeLa) cell lines. The uptake results show that SubPc labelled with [Formula: see text]I radionuclide ([Formula: see text]I-SubPc) in EMT6 and HeLa cell lines was found to be approximately the same as in the WI38 cell line. However, the uptake values of SubPc-TiO2 labelled with [Formula: see text]I ([Formula: see text]I-SubPc-TiO[Formula: see text] in EMT6 and HeLa cell lines were determined to be two times higher than in the WI38 cell line. In other words, the target/non-target tissue ratio was identified as two in the EMT6 and HeLa cell lines. [Formula: see text]I-SubPc-TiO2 is promising for imaging or treatment of breast and cervix tumors. In vitro photodynamic therapy studies have shown that SubPc and SubPc-TiO2 are suitable agents for PDT. In addition, SubPc-TiO2 has higher phototoxicity than SubPc. As a future study, in vivo experiments will be held and performed in tumor-bearing nude mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatma Yurt
- Department of Nuclear Applications, Institute of Nuclear Science, Ege University, Bornova, 35100, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Kasim Ocakoglu
- Department of Energy Systems Engineering, Faculty of Technology, Tarsus University, TR33400, Tarsus, Turkey
| | - Ozge Er
- Department of Nuclear Applications, Institute of Nuclear Science, Ege University, Bornova, 35100, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Hale Melis Soylu
- Department of Biomedical Technology, Institute of Science, Ege University, Bornova, 35100, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Mine Ince
- Department of Energy Systems Engineering, Faculty of Technology, Tarsus University, TR33400, Tarsus, Turkey
| | - Cıgır Biray Avci
- Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Ege University, Bornova, 35100, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Cansu Caliskan Kurt
- Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Ege University, Bornova, 35100, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Fatma Aslıhan Sarı
- Advanced Technology Research & Application Center, Mersin University, Ciftlikkoy Campus, TR33343, Yenisehir, Mersin, Turkey
| | - Suleyman Gokhan Colak
- Advanced Technology Research & Application Center, Mersin University, Ciftlikkoy Campus, TR33343, Yenisehir, Mersin, Turkey
| | - Cumhur Gunduz
- Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Ege University, Bornova, 35100, Izmir, Turkey
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Aggarwal A, Samaroo D, Jovanovic IR, Singh S, Tuz MP, Mackiewicz MR. Porphyrinoid-based photosensitizers for diagnostic and therapeutic applications: An update. J PORPHYR PHTHALOCYA 2019. [DOI: 10.1142/s1088424619300118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Porphyrin-based molecules are actively studied as dual function theranostics: fluorescence-based imaging for diagnostics and fluorescence-guided therapeutic treatment of cancers. The intrinsic fluorescent and photodynamic properties of the bimodal molecules allows for these theranostic approaches. Several porphyrinoids bearing both hydrophilic and/or hydrophobic units at their periphery have been developed for the aforementioned applications, but better tumor selectivity and high efficacy to destroy tumor cells is always a key setback for their use. Another issue related to their effective clinical use is that, most of these chromophores form aggregates under physiological conditions. Nanomaterials that are known to possess incredible properties that cannot be achieved from their bulk systems can serve as carriers for these chromophores. Porphyrinoids, when conjugated with nanomaterials, can be enabled to perform as multifunctional nanomedicine devices. The integrated properties of these porphyrinoid-nanomaterial conjugated systems make them useful for selective drug delivery, theranostic capabilities, and multimodal bioimaging. This review highlights the use of porphyrins, chlorins, bacteriochlorins, phthalocyanines and naphthalocyanines as well as their multifunctional nanodevices in various biomedical theranostic platforms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amit Aggarwal
- LaGuardia Community College, 31-10 Thomson Ave., Long Island City, NY 11101, USA
| | - Diana Samaroo
- New York City College of Technology, Department of Chemistry, 285 Jay Street, Brooklyn, NY 11201, USA
- Graduate Center, 365 5th Ave, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | | | - Sunaina Singh
- LaGuardia Community College, 31-10 Thomson Ave., Long Island City, NY 11101, USA
| | - Michelle Paola Tuz
- LaGuardia Community College, 31-10 Thomson Ave., Long Island City, NY 11101, USA
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Yurt F, Ince M, Er O, Melis Soylu H, Ocakoglu K, Yilmaz O. Subphthalocyanine as a fluorescence imaging agent for breast tumor. Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther 2019; 26:361-365. [PMID: 31026614 DOI: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2019.04.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2018] [Revised: 04/22/2019] [Accepted: 04/22/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Tri-tert-butyl-carboxyl subphthalocyanine (SubPc) was synthesized and evaluated as a fluorescence agent. Fluorescence imaging for breast tumor in vivo was performed using nude mice as models. Results indicate high uptake in tumor at 20 h. Tumor-non tumor ratio was determined as 2.25. The imaging results demonstrate the potential of this fluorescence-imaging agent in the diagnosis of breast tumor. In the future, subphthalocyanine is also developing as a dual functional, which is fluorescence imaging and as a photodynamic therapeutic agent for the treatment and diagnosis of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatma Yurt
- Department of Nuclear Applications, Institute of Nuclear Science, Ege University, Bornova, 35100, Izmir, Turkey.
| | - Mine Ince
- Department of Energy Systems Engineering, Faculty of Technology, Tarsus University, 33400, Tarsus, Turkey
| | - Ozge Er
- Department of Nuclear Applications, Institute of Nuclear Science, Ege University, Bornova, 35100, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Hale Melis Soylu
- Department of Biomedical Technology, Institute of Science, Ege University, Bornova, 35100, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Kasim Ocakoglu
- Department of Energy Systems Engineering, Faculty of Technology, Tarsus University, 33400, Tarsus, Turkey.
| | - Osman Yilmaz
- Department of Animal Research Center, Dokuz Eylul University, 35340, Izmir, Turkey
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Yurt F, Sarı FA, Ince M, Colak SG, Er O, Soylu HM, Kurt CC, Avci CB, Gunduz C, Ocakoglu K. Photodynamic therapy and nuclear imaging activities of SubPhthalocyanine integrated TiO2 nanoparticles. J Photochem Photobiol A Chem 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochem.2018.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Er O, Eksin E, Soylu HM, Göçmen B, Nalbantsoy A, Yurt F, Erdem A. Investigation of Vipera Anatolica Venom Disintegrin via Intracellular Uptake with Radiolabeling Study and Cell-Based Electrochemical Biosensing Assay. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2018; 187:1539-1550. [DOI: 10.1007/s12010-018-2872-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2018] [Accepted: 08/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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Novel Core-Interlayer-Shell DOX/ZnPc Co-loaded MSNs@ pH-Sensitive CaP@PEGylated Liposome for Enhanced Synergetic Chemo-Photodynamic Therapy. Pharm Res 2018; 35:57. [PMID: 29423532 DOI: 10.1007/s11095-017-2295-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2017] [Accepted: 10/25/2017] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE This work was intended to develop novel doxorubicin (DOX)/zinc (II) phthalocyanine (ZnPc) co-loaded mesoporous silica (MSNs)@ calcium phosphate (CaP)@PEGylated liposome nanoparticles (NPs) that could efficiently achieve collaborative anticancer therapy by the combination of photodynamic therapy (PDT) and chemotherapy. The interlayer of CaP could be utilized to achieve pH-triggered controllable drug release, promote the cellular uptake, and induce cell apoptosis to further enhance the anticancer effects. METHODS MSNs were first synthesized as core particles in which the pores were diffusion-filled with DOX, then the cores were coated by CaP followed by the liposome encapsulation with ZnPc to form the final DOX/ZnPc co-loaded MSNs@CaP@PEGylated liposome. RESULTS A core-interlayer-shell MSNs@CaP@PEGylated liposomes was developed as a multifunctional theranostic nanoplatform. In vitro experiment indicated that CaP could not only achieve pH-triggered controllable drug release, promote the cellular uptake of the NPs, but also generate high osmotic pressure in the endo/lysosomes to induce cell apoptosis. Besides, the chemotherapy using DOX and PDT effect was achieved by the photosensitizer ZnPc. Furthermore, the MSNs@CaP@PEGylated liposomes showed outstanding tumor-targeting ability by enhanced permeability and retention (EPR) effect. CONCLUSIONS The novel prepared MSNs@CaP@PEGylated liposomes could serve as a promising multifunctional theranostic nanoplatform in anticancer treatment by synergic chemo-PDT and superior tumor-targeting ability.
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Low-Symmetry Mixed Fluorinated Subphthalocyanines as Fluorescence Imaging Probes in MDA-MB-231 Breast Tumor Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2017; 18:ijms18061177. [PMID: 28587158 PMCID: PMC5486000 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18061177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2017] [Revised: 05/26/2017] [Accepted: 05/30/2017] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Boron subphthalocyanines (SPcs) are aromatic macrocycles that possess a combination of physical and optical properties that make them excellent candidates for application as fluorescent imaging probes. These molecules have intense electronic absorption and emission, and structural versatility that allows for specific tuning of physical properties. Herein, we report the synthesis of a series of low-symmetry fluorinated SPcs and compare them to analogous compounds with varying numbers of peripheral fluorine atoms and varied aromaticity. Across the series, with increasing addition of fluorine atoms to the periphery of the ring, a downfield chemical shift in 19F NMR and a bathochromic shift of electronic absorption were observed. Expanding the size of the aromatic ring by replacing peripheral benzo- groups with naphtho- groups prompted a far more drastic bathochromic shift to absorption and emission. Fluorescence quantum yields (Φf) proved to be sufficiently high to observe intracellular fluorescence from MDA-MB-231 breast tumor cells in vitro by epifluorescence microscopy; fluorination proved vital for this purpose to improve solubility. This report lays the groundwork for the future development of these promising SPcs for their ultimate application as near-infrared (NIR) fluorescent imaging probes in biological systems.
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Yurt F, Ince M, Colak SG, Ocakoglu K, Er O, Soylu HM, Gunduz C, Avci CB, Kurt CC. Investigation of in vitro PDT activities of zinc phthalocyanine immobilised TiO 2 nanoparticles. Int J Pharm 2017; 524:467-474. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2017.03.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2017] [Revised: 03/21/2017] [Accepted: 03/23/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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