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Mira A, Rubio-Camacho M, Alarcón D, Rodríguez-Cañas E, Fernández-Carvajal A, Falco A, Mallavia R. L-Menthol-Loadable Electrospun Fibers of PMVEMA Anhydride for Topical Administration. Pharmaceutics 2021; 13:1845. [PMID: 34834260 PMCID: PMC8618103 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13111845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2021] [Revised: 10/25/2021] [Accepted: 10/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Poly(methyl vinyl ether-alt-maleic anhydride) (PMVEMA) of 119 and 139 molecular weights (P119 and P139, respectively) were electrospun to evaluate the resulting fibers as a topical delivery vehicle for (L-)menthol. Thus, electrospinning parameters were optimized for the production of uniform bead-free fibers from 12% w/w PMVEMA (±2.3% w/w menthol) solutions, and their morphology and size were characterized by field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM). The fibers of P119 (F119s) and P139 (F139s) showed average diameter sizes of approximately 534 and 664 nm, respectively, when unloaded, and 837 and 1369 nm when loaded with menthol. The morphology of all types of fibers was cylindrical except for F139s, which mostly displayed a double-ribbon-like shape. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis determined that not only was the menthol encapsulation efficiency higher in F139s (92% versus 68% in F119s) but also that its stability over time was higher, given that in contrast with F119s, no significant losses in encapsulated menthol were detected in the F139s after 10 days post-production. Finally, in vitro biological assays showed no significant induction of cytotoxicity for any of the experimental fibers or in the full functionality of the encapsulated menthol, as it achieved equivalent free-menthol levels of activation of its specific receptor, the (human) transient receptor potential cation channel subfamily M (melastatin) member 8 (TRPM8).
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Alberto Falco
- Institute of Research Development and Innovation in Biotechnology of Elche (IDiBE), Miguel Hernández University (UMH), 03202 Elche, Spain; (A.M.); (M.R.-C.); (D.A.); (E.R.-C.); (A.F.-C.)
| | - Ricardo Mallavia
- Institute of Research Development and Innovation in Biotechnology of Elche (IDiBE), Miguel Hernández University (UMH), 03202 Elche, Spain; (A.M.); (M.R.-C.); (D.A.); (E.R.-C.); (A.F.-C.)
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Rubio-Camacho M, Martínez-Tomé MJ, Mira A, Mallavia R, Mateo CR. Formation of Multicolor Nanogels Based on Cationic Polyfluorenes and Poly(methyl vinyl ether-alt-maleic monoethyl ester): Potential Use as pH-Responsive Fluorescent Drug Carriers. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:9607. [PMID: 34502514 PMCID: PMC8431760 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22179607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2021] [Revised: 08/26/2021] [Accepted: 09/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, we employed the copolymer poly(methyl vinyl ether-alt-maleic monoethyl ester) (PMVEMA-Es) and three fluorene-based cationic conjugated polyelectrolytes to develop fluorescent nanoparticles with emission in the blue, green and red spectral regions. The size, Zeta Potential, polydispersity, morphology, time-stability and fluorescent properties of these nanoparticles were characterized, as well as the nature of the interaction between both PMVEMA-Es and fluorescent polyelectrolytes. Because PMVEMA-Es contains a carboxylic acid group in its structure, the effects of pH and ionic strength on the nanoparticles were also evaluated, finding that the size is responsive to pH and ionic strength, largely swelling at physiological pH and returning to their initial size at acidic pHs. Thus, the developed fluorescent nanoparticles can be categorized as pH-sensitive fluorescent nanogels, since they possess the properties of both pH-responsive hydrogels and nanoparticulate systems. Doxorubicin (DOX) was used as a model drug to show the capacity of the blue-emitting nanogels to hold drugs in acidic media and release them at physiological pH, from changes in the fluorescence properties of both nanoparticles and DOX. In addition, preliminary studies by super-resolution confocal microscopy were performed, regarding their potential use as image probes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - María José Martínez-Tomé
- Instituto de Investigación, Desarrollo e Innovación en Biotecnología Sanitaria de Elche (IDiBE), Universidad Miguel Hernández, 03202 Elche, Spain; (M.R.-C.); (A.M.); (R.M.)
| | | | | | - Carmen Reyes Mateo
- Instituto de Investigación, Desarrollo e Innovación en Biotecnología Sanitaria de Elche (IDiBE), Universidad Miguel Hernández, 03202 Elche, Spain; (M.R.-C.); (A.M.); (R.M.)
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Liu B, Jiao L, Chai J, Bao C, Jiang P, Li Y. Encapsulation and Targeted Release. Food Hydrocoll 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/978-981-16-0320-4_11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Sanità G, Carrese B, Lamberti A. Nanoparticle Surface Functionalization: How to Improve Biocompatibility and Cellular Internalization. Front Mol Biosci 2020; 7:587012. [PMID: 33324678 PMCID: PMC7726445 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2020.587012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 174] [Impact Index Per Article: 43.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2020] [Accepted: 11/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The use of nanoparticles (NP) in diagnosis and treatment of many human diseases, including cancer, is of increasing interest. However, cytotoxic effects of NPs on cells and the uptake efficiency significantly limit their use in clinical practice. The physico-chemical properties of NPs including surface composition, superficial charge, size and shape are considered the key factors that affect the biocompatibility and uptake efficiency of these nanoplatforms. Thanks to the possibility of modifying physico-chemical properties of NPs, it is possible to improve their biocompatibility and uptake efficiency through the functionalization of the NP surface. In this review, we summarize some of the most recent studies in which NP surface modification enhances biocompatibility and uptake. Furthermore, the most used techniques used to assess biocompatibility and uptake are also reported.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gennaro Sanità
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | | | - Annalisa Lamberti
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
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Muruzabal D, Collins A, Azqueta A. The enzyme-modified comet assay: Past, present and future. Food Chem Toxicol 2020; 147:111865. [PMID: 33217526 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2020.111865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2020] [Revised: 11/08/2020] [Accepted: 11/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The enzyme-modified comet assay was developed in order to detect DNA lesions other than those detected by the standard version (single and double strand breaks and alkali-labile sites). Various lesion-specific enzymes, from the DNA repair machinery of bacteria and humans, have been combined with the comet assay, allowing detection of different oxidized and alkylated bases as well as cyclobutane pyrimidine dimers, mis-incorporated uracil and apurinic/apyrimidinic sites. The enzyme-modified comet assay has been applied in different fields - human biomonitoring, environmental toxicology, and genotoxicity testing (both in vitro and in vivo) - as well as in basic research. Up to now, twelve enzymes have been employed; here we describe the enzymes and give examples of studies in which they have been applied. The bacterial formamidopyrimidine DNA glycosylase (Fpg) and endonuclease III (EndoIII) have been extensively used while others have been used only rarely. Adding further enzymes to the comet assay toolbox could potentially increase the variety of DNA lesions that can be detected. The enzyme-modified comet assay can play a crucial role in the elucidation of the mechanism of action of both direct and indirect genotoxins, thus increasing the value of the assay in the regulatory context.
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Affiliation(s)
- Damián Muruzabal
- Universidad de Navarra, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy and Nutrition, Irunlarrea 1, 310008, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Andrew Collins
- Department of Nutrition, Institute for Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, Sognsvannsveien 9, 0372, Oslo, Norway
| | - Amaya Azqueta
- Universidad de Navarra, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy and Nutrition, Irunlarrea 1, 310008, Pamplona, Spain; IdiSNA, Navarra Institute for Health Research, Pamplona, Spain.
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de Arcocha-Torres M, Quincoces G, Martínez-López A, Erhard A, Collantes M, Martínez-Rodríguez I, Ecay M, Banzo I, Irache J, Peñuelas I. Preparation, radiolabeling with 99mTc and 67Ga and biodistribution studies of albumin nanoparticles coated with polymers. Rev Esp Med Nucl Imagen Mol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.remnie.2020.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Shahzadi I, Fürst A, Akkus-Dagdeviren ZB, Arshad S, Kurpiers M, Matuszczak B, Bernkop-Schnürch A. Less Reactive Thiol Ligands: Key towards Highly Mucoadhesive Drug Delivery Systems. Polymers (Basel) 2020; 12:polym12061259. [PMID: 32486313 PMCID: PMC7362194 DOI: 10.3390/polym12061259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2020] [Revised: 05/27/2020] [Accepted: 05/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
As less reactive s-protected thiomers can likely interpenetrate the mucus gel layer to a higher extent before getting immobilized via disulfide bond formation with mucins, it was the aim of this study to develop a novel type of s-protected thiomer based on the less reactive substructure cysteine-N-acetyl cysteine (Cys-NAC) in order to obtain improved mucoadhesive properties. For this purpose, two types of s-protected thiomers, polyacrylic acid-cysteine-mercaptonicotinic acid (PAA-Cys-MNA) and polyacrylic acid-cysteine-N-acetyl cysteine (PAA-Cys-NAC), were synthesized and characterized by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and the quantification of attached disulfide ligands. The viscosity of both products was measured in the presence of NAC and mucus. Both thiomers were also evaluated regarding swelling behavior, tensile studies and retention time on the porcine intestinal mucosa. The FT-IR spectra confirmed the successful attachment of Cys-MNA and Cys-NAC ligands to PAA. The number of attached sulfhydryl groups was in the range of 660–683 µmol/g. The viscosity of both s-protected thiomers increased due to the addition of increasing amounts of NAC. The viscosity of the mucus increased in the presence of 1% PAA-Cys-MNA and PAA-Cys-NAC 5.6- and 10.9-fold, respectively, in comparison to only 1% PAA. Both s-protected thiomers showed higher water uptake than unmodified PAA. The maximum detachment force (MDF) and the total work of adhesion (TWA) increased in the case of PAA-Cys-MNA up to 1.4- and 1.6-fold and up to 2.4- and 2.8-fold in the case of PAA-Cys-NAC. The retention of PAA, PAA-Cys-MNA, and PAA-Cys-NAC on porcine intestinal mucosa was 25%, 49%, and 76% within 3 h, respectively. The results of this study provide evidence that less reactive s-protected thiomers exhibit higher mucoadhesive properties than highly reactive s-protected thiomers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iram Shahzadi
- Center for Chemistry and Biomedicine, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Institute of Pharmacy, University of Innsbruck, Innrain 80-82, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria; (I.S.); (A.F.); (Z.B.A.-D.); (S.A.); (M.K.)
| | - Andrea Fürst
- Center for Chemistry and Biomedicine, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Institute of Pharmacy, University of Innsbruck, Innrain 80-82, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria; (I.S.); (A.F.); (Z.B.A.-D.); (S.A.); (M.K.)
| | - Zeynep Burcu Akkus-Dagdeviren
- Center for Chemistry and Biomedicine, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Institute of Pharmacy, University of Innsbruck, Innrain 80-82, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria; (I.S.); (A.F.); (Z.B.A.-D.); (S.A.); (M.K.)
| | - Shumaila Arshad
- Center for Chemistry and Biomedicine, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Institute of Pharmacy, University of Innsbruck, Innrain 80-82, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria; (I.S.); (A.F.); (Z.B.A.-D.); (S.A.); (M.K.)
- Faculty of Pharmacy, The University of Lahore, 54000 Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Markus Kurpiers
- Center for Chemistry and Biomedicine, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Institute of Pharmacy, University of Innsbruck, Innrain 80-82, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria; (I.S.); (A.F.); (Z.B.A.-D.); (S.A.); (M.K.)
- Thiomatrix Forschungs- und Beratungs GmbH, Trientlgasse 65, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Barbara Matuszczak
- Center for Chemistry and Biomedicine, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacy, University of Innsbruck, Innrain 80-82, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria;
| | - Andreas Bernkop-Schnürch
- Center for Chemistry and Biomedicine, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Institute of Pharmacy, University of Innsbruck, Innrain 80-82, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria; (I.S.); (A.F.); (Z.B.A.-D.); (S.A.); (M.K.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +43-512-507-58601; Fax: +43-512-507-8699
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Cui X, Bao L, Wang X, Chen C. The Nano-Intestine Interaction: Understanding the Location-Oriented Effects of Engineered Nanomaterials in the Intestine. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2020; 16:e1907665. [PMID: 32347646 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201907665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2019] [Revised: 02/13/2020] [Accepted: 02/18/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Engineered nanomaterials (ENMs) are used in food additives, food packages, and therapeutic purposes owing to their useful properties, Therefore, human beings are orally exposed to exogenous nanomaterials frequently, which means the intestine is one of the primary targets of nanomaterials. Consequently, it is of great importance to understand the interaction between nanomaterials and the intestine. When nanomaterials enter into gut lumen, they inevitably interact with various components and thereby display different effects on the intestine based on their locations; these are known as location-oriented effects (LOE). The intestinal LOE confer a new biological-effect profile for nanomaterials, which is dependent on the involvement of the following biological processes: nano-mucus interaction, nano-intestinal epithelial cells (IECs) interaction, nano-immune interaction, and nano-microbiota interaction. A deep understanding of NM-induced LOE will facilitate the design of safer NMs and the development of more efficient nanomedicine for intestine-related diseases. Herein, recent progress in this field is reviewed in order to better understand the LOE of nanomaterials. The distant effects of nanomaterials coupling with microbiota are also highlighted. Investigation of the interaction of nanomaterials with the intestine will stimulate other new research areas beyond intestinal nanotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuejing Cui
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety & CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Lin Bao
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety & CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing, 100190, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Xiaoyu Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety & CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing, 100190, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Chunying Chen
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety & CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing, 100190, China
- GBA Research Innovation Institute for Nanotechnology, Guangdong, 510700, China
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de Arcocha-Torres M, Quincoces G, Martínez-López AL, Erhard A, Collantes M, Martínez-Rodríguez I, Ecay M, Banzo I, Irache JM, Peñuelas I. Preparation, radiolabeling with 99mTc and 67Ga and biodistribution studies of albumin nanoparticles covered with polymers. Rev Esp Med Nucl Imagen Mol 2020; 39:225-232. [PMID: 32201272 DOI: 10.1016/j.remn.2020.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2019] [Revised: 01/28/2020] [Accepted: 02/06/2020] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To optimize radiolabeling with 99mTc and 67Ga of albumin nanoparticles coated with 4 differents synthetic polymers and to evaluate their stability in vivo and in vitro, as well as their biodistribution in vivo after intravenous administration. MATERIAL AND METHODS The nanoparticles were prepared using albumin and NOTA-modified albumin by the desolvation method and coated with 4 different polymers; HPMC, GMN2, GPM2 and GTM2. They were purified, lyophilized and characterized. Radiolabelling with 99mTc was perfomed with 74 MBq of 99mTc sodium pertechnetate, previously reduced with and acid solution of tin chloride at different concentrations (0.003, 0.005, 0.007, 0.01, 0.05 and 0.1mg/ml) and at different times (5, 10, 15, 30 and 60minutes) and temperatures (room temperature, 40°C and 60°C). Radiolabelling with 67Ga was perfomed by incubation of the nanoparticles with 37 MBq of 67Gallium chloride (obtained from commercial gallium-67 citrate) at different times (10 and 30minutes) and temperatures (room temperature, 30°C and 60°C), and posterior purification with microconcentrators. The radiochemical purity was evaluated by TLC. Stability studies of radiolabeled nanoparticles in physiological serum and blood plasma were perfomed. Biodistribution studies of nanoparticles coated with GPM2 polymer were carried out in Wistar rats after intravenous administration of the nanoparticles. Control animals were carried out with 99mTc sodium pertechnetate and 67Ga chloride. To do so, the animals were killed and activity in organs was measured in a gamma counter. RESULTS 99mTc labeling was carried out optimally with a tin concentration of 0.007mg/ ml for the GPM2 nanoparticles and 0.005mg / ml for the rest of the formulations, with a radiolabelling time of 10minutes at room temperature. In the case of 67Ga the label was optimized at 30° C temperature and 30minutes of incubation. In both cases the radiochemical purity obtained was greater than 97%. The nanoparticles showed high stability in vitro after 48hours of labeling (70% nanoparticles labeled with 99mTc and 90% those labeled with 67Ga). Biodistribution studies of nanoparticles 99mTc -GPM2 and 67Ga -NOTA-GPM2 showed a high accumulation of activity in the liver at 2 and 24hours after intravenous administration. CONCLUSION The labeling procedure with 99mTc and 67Ga of albumin and albumin modified with NOTA nanoparticles allows obtaining nanoparticles with high labeling yields and adequate in vitro stability, allowing their use for in vivo studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- M de Arcocha-Torres
- Servicio Medicina Nuclear, Hospital Universitario Marqués de Valdecilla, Santander, España; Grupo de investigación Imagen Molecular (IDIVAL), Universidad de Cantabria, Santander, España.
| | - G Quincoces
- Unidad de Radiofarmacia, Servicio Medicina Nuclear, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, IdiSNA, Pamplona, España
| | - A L Martínez-López
- Departamento de Tecnología y Química Farmacéutica, Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, España
| | - A Erhard
- Unidad de Radiofarmacia, Servicio Medicina Nuclear, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, IdiSNA, Pamplona, España
| | - M Collantes
- Unidad de investigación micropet, Servicio Medicina Nuclear, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, IdiSNA, Pamplona, España
| | - I Martínez-Rodríguez
- Servicio Medicina Nuclear, Hospital Universitario Marqués de Valdecilla, Santander, España; Grupo de investigación Imagen Molecular (IDIVAL), Universidad de Cantabria, Santander, España
| | - M Ecay
- Unidad de investigación micropet, Servicio Medicina Nuclear, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, IdiSNA, Pamplona, España
| | - I Banzo
- Servicio Medicina Nuclear, Hospital Universitario Marqués de Valdecilla, Santander, España; Grupo de investigación Imagen Molecular (IDIVAL), Universidad de Cantabria, Santander, España
| | - J M Irache
- Departamento de Tecnología y Química Farmacéutica, Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, España
| | - I Peñuelas
- Unidad de Radiofarmacia, Servicio Medicina Nuclear, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, IdiSNA, Pamplona, España
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Physico-Chemically Distinct Nanomaterials Synthesized from Derivates of a Poly(Anhydride) Diversify the Spectrum of Loadable Antibiotics. NANOMATERIALS 2020; 10:nano10030486. [PMID: 32182677 PMCID: PMC7153258 DOI: 10.3390/nano10030486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2020] [Revised: 03/03/2020] [Accepted: 03/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Recent advances in the field of nanotechnology such as nanoencapsulation offer new biomedical applications, potentially increasing the scope and efficacy of therapeutic drug delivery. In addition, the discovery and development of novel biocompatible polymers increases the versatility of these encapsulating nanostructures, enabling chemical properties of the cargo and vehicle to be adapted to specific physiological requirements. Here, we evaluate the capacity of various polymeric nanostructures to encapsulate various antibiotics of different classes, with differing chemical structure. Polymers were sourced from two separate derivatives of poly(methyl vinyl ether-alt-maleic anhydride) (PMVE/MA): an acid (PMVE/MA-Ac) and a monoethyl ester (PMVE/MA-Es). Nanoencapsulation of antibiotics was attempted through electrospinning, and nanoparticle synthesis through solvent displacement, for both polymers. Solvent incompatibilities prevented the nanoencapsulation of amikacin, neomycin and ciprofloxacin in PMVE/MA-Es nanofibers. However, all compounds were successfully loaded into PMVE/MA-Es nanoparticles. Encapsulation efficiencies in nanofibers reached approximately 100% in all compatible systems; however, efficiencies varied substantially in nanoparticles systems, depending on the tested compound (14%-69%). Finally, it was confirmed that both these encapsulation processes did not alter the antimicrobial activity of any tested antibiotic against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli, supporting the viability of these approaches for nanoscale delivery of antibiotics.
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Xenobiotics Formed during Food Processing: Their Relation with the Intestinal Microbiota and Colorectal Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20082051. [PMID: 31027304 PMCID: PMC6514608 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20082051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2019] [Revised: 04/20/2019] [Accepted: 04/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The colonic epithelium is exposed to a mixture of compounds through diet, among which some are procarcinogens, whereas others have a protective effect. Therefore, the net impact of these compounds on human health depends on the overall balance between all factors involved. Strong scientific evidence has demonstrated the relationship between nitrosamines (NA), heterocyclic amines (HCAs), and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), which are the major genotoxins derived from cooking and food processing, and cancer. The mechanisms of the relationship between dietary toxic xenobiotics and cancer risk are not yet well understood, but it has been suggested that differences in dietary habits affect the colonic environment by increasing or decreasing the exposure to mutagens directly and indirectly through changes in the composition and activity of the gut microbiota. Several changes in the proportions of specific microbial groups have been proposed as risk factors for the development of neoplastic lesions and the enrichment of enterotoxigenic microbial strains in stool. In addition, changes in the gut microbiota composition and activity promoted by diet may modify the faecal genotoxicity/cytotoxicity, which can be associated with a higher or lower risk of developing cancer. Therefore, the interaction between dietary components and intestinal bacteria may be a modifiable factor for the development of colorectal cancer in humans and deserves more attention in the near future.
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Martínez-Ortega L, Mira A, Fernandez-Carvajal A, Mateo CR, Mallavia R, Falco A. Development of A New Delivery System Based on Drug-Loadable Electrospun Nanofibers for Psoriasis Treatment. Pharmaceutics 2019; 11:E14. [PMID: 30621136 PMCID: PMC6359116 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics11010014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2018] [Revised: 12/19/2018] [Accepted: 12/23/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Psoriasis is a chronic autoimmune systemic disease with an approximate incidence of 2% worldwide; it is commonly characterized by squamous lesions on the skin that present the typical pain, stinging, and bleeding associated with an inflammatory response. In this work, poly(methyl vinyl ether-alt-maleic ethyl monoester) (PMVEMA-ES) nanofibers have been designed as a delivery vehicle for three therapeutic agents with palliative properties for the symptoms of this disease (salicylic acid, methyl salicylate, and capsaicin). For such a task, the production of these nanofibers by means of the electrospinning technique has been optimized. Their morphology and size have been characterized by optical microscopy and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). By selecting the optimal conditions to achieve the smallest and most uniform nanofibers, approximate diameters of up to 800⁻900 nm were obtained. It was also determined that the therapeutic agents that were used were encapsulated with high efficiency. The analysis of their stability over time by GC-MS showed no significant losses of the encapsulated compounds 15 days after their preparation, except in the case of methyl salicylate. Likewise, it was demonstrated that the therapeutic compounds that were encapsulated conserved, and even improved, their capacity to activate the transient receptor potential cation channel 1 (TRPV1) channel, which has been associated with the formation of psoriatic lesions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leticia Martínez-Ortega
- Institute of Research, Development and Innovation in Biotechnology of Elche (IDiBE) and Molecular and Cellular Biology Institute (IBMC), Miguel Hernández University (UMH), 03202 Elche, Spain.
| | - Amalia Mira
- Institute of Research, Development and Innovation in Biotechnology of Elche (IDiBE) and Molecular and Cellular Biology Institute (IBMC), Miguel Hernández University (UMH), 03202 Elche, Spain.
| | - Asia Fernandez-Carvajal
- Institute of Research, Development and Innovation in Biotechnology of Elche (IDiBE) and Molecular and Cellular Biology Institute (IBMC), Miguel Hernández University (UMH), 03202 Elche, Spain.
| | - C Reyes Mateo
- Institute of Research, Development and Innovation in Biotechnology of Elche (IDiBE) and Molecular and Cellular Biology Institute (IBMC), Miguel Hernández University (UMH), 03202 Elche, Spain.
| | - Ricardo Mallavia
- Institute of Research, Development and Innovation in Biotechnology of Elche (IDiBE) and Molecular and Cellular Biology Institute (IBMC), Miguel Hernández University (UMH), 03202 Elche, Spain.
| | - Alberto Falco
- Institute of Research, Development and Innovation in Biotechnology of Elche (IDiBE) and Molecular and Cellular Biology Institute (IBMC), Miguel Hernández University (UMH), 03202 Elche, Spain.
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Klingelfus T, Disner GR, Voigt CL, Alle LF, Cestari MM, Leme DM. Nanomaterials induce DNA-protein crosslink and DNA oxidation: A mechanistic study with RTG-2 fish cell line and Comet assay modifications. CHEMOSPHERE 2019; 215:703-709. [PMID: 30347365 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2018.10.118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2018] [Revised: 10/13/2018] [Accepted: 10/16/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Genotoxic effects of nanomaterials (NMs) have been controversially reported in literature, and the mode of action (MoA) via DNA oxidation is cited as the main damage caused by them. Evidence of nano-silver as a crosslinker has been previously reported by the present research team in an in vivo fish genotoxicity study. Thus, aiming to confirm the evidence about NMs as crosslinker agent, the present investigation elucidated the genotoxic potential of NMs and their genotoxic MoA through in vitro assay with RTG-2 cells line (rainbow trout gonadal) by exposure to nano-silver (PVP-coated) and nano-titanium. The types and levels of DNA damage were assessed by the Comet assay (standard alkaline, hOGG1-modified alkaline, and two crosslink-modified alkaline versions). It was demonstrated that the use of the standard alkaline Comet assay alone may inaccurately predict the genotoxicity of NMs since oxidative and crosslink DNA damages were also verified in RTG-2 cells when assessed by the modified versions of the alkaline protocol. More importantly, it was confirmed that both nano-silver and nano-titanium acted as DNA-protein crosslinkers through the Comet assay version with proteinase K. As both nano-silver and nano-titanium present a great risk to aquatic life, these findings reinforce the need of genotoxicity testing strategies that encompass the assessment of different types of DNA damage, in order to ensure an accurate prediction of the genotoxic potential of NMs.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Klingelfus
- Genetics Department, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, Paraná State, Brazil.
| | - G R Disner
- Genetics Department, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, Paraná State, Brazil.
| | - C L Voigt
- Chemistry Department, State University of Ponta Grossa, Ponta Grossa, Paraná State, Brazil.
| | - L F Alle
- Genetics Department, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, Paraná State, Brazil.
| | - M M Cestari
- Genetics Department, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, Paraná State, Brazil.
| | - D M Leme
- Genetics Department, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, Paraná State, Brazil.
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14
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Trypsin decorated self-emulsifying drug delivery systems (SEDDS): Key to enhanced mucus permeation. J Colloid Interface Sci 2018; 531:253-260. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2018.07.057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2018] [Revised: 07/12/2018] [Accepted: 07/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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15
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Inchaurraga L, Martínez-López AL, Cattoz B, Griffiths PC, Wilcox M, Pearson JP, Quincoces G, Peñuelas I, Martin-Arbella N, Irache JM. The effect of thiamine-coating nanoparticles on their biodistribution and fate following oral administration. Eur J Pharm Sci 2018; 128:81-90. [PMID: 30472222 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2018.11.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2018] [Revised: 10/09/2018] [Accepted: 11/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Thiamine-coated nanoparticles were prepared by two different preparative methods and evaluated to compare their mucus-penetrating properties and fate in vivo. The first method of preparation consisted of surface modification of freshly poly(anhydride) nanoparticles (NP) by simple incubation with thiamine (T-NPA). The second procedure focused on the preparation and characterization of a new polymeric conjugate between the poly(anhydride) backbone and thiamine prior the nanoparticle formation (T-NPB). The resulting nanoparticles displayed comparable sizes (about 200 nm) and slightly negative surface charges. For T-NPA, the amount of thiamine associated to the surface of the nanoparticles was 15 μg/mg. For in vivo studies, nanoparticles were labelled with either 99mTc or Lumogen® Red. T-NPA and T-NPB moved faster from the stomach to the small intestine than naked nanoparticles. Two hours post-administration, for T-NPA and T-NPB, >30% of the given dose was found in close contact with the intestinal mucosa, compared with a 13.5% for NP. Interestingly, both types of thiamine-coated nanoparticles showed a greater ability to cross the mucus layer and interact with the surface of the intestinal epithelium than NP, which remained adhered in the mucus layer. Four hours post-administration, around 35% of T-NPA and T-NPB were localized in the ileum of animals. Overall, both preparative processes yielded thiamine decorated carriers with similar physico-chemical and biodistribution properties, increasing the versatility of these nanocarriers as oral delivery systems for a number of biologically active compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Inchaurraga
- NANO-VAC Research Group, Department of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Technology, University of Navarra, Spain
| | - Ana L Martínez-López
- NANO-VAC Research Group, Department of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Technology, University of Navarra, Spain
| | - Beatrice Cattoz
- Department of Pharmaceutical, Chemical and Environmental Sciences, University of Greenwich, Chatham Maritime, UK
| | - Peter C Griffiths
- Department of Pharmaceutical, Chemical and Environmental Sciences, University of Greenwich, Chatham Maritime, UK
| | - Matthey Wilcox
- Institute for Cell and Molecular Bioscience, Medical School, Newcastle University, Newcastle Upon Tyne, UK
| | - Jeffrey P Pearson
- Institute for Cell and Molecular Bioscience, Medical School, Newcastle University, Newcastle Upon Tyne, UK
| | - Gemma Quincoces
- Radiopharmacy Unit, Department of Nuclear Medicine, Clinica Universidad de Navarra, University of Navarra, Spain
| | - Iván Peñuelas
- Radiopharmacy Unit, Department of Nuclear Medicine, Clinica Universidad de Navarra, University of Navarra, Spain
| | - Nekane Martin-Arbella
- NANO-VAC Research Group, Department of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Technology, University of Navarra, Spain
| | - Juan M Irache
- NANO-VAC Research Group, Department of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Technology, University of Navarra, Spain.
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16
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Amara RO, Ramadan AA, El-Moslemany RM, Eissa MM, El-Azzouni MZ, El-Khordagui LK. Praziquantel-lipid nanocapsules: an oral nanotherapeutic with potential Schistosoma mansoni tegumental targeting. Int J Nanomedicine 2018; 13:4493-4505. [PMID: 30122922 PMCID: PMC6084080 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s167285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Lipid nanocapsules (LNCs) have shown potential to increase the bioavailability and efficacy of orally administered drugs. However, their intestinal translocation to distal target sites and their implication in pharmacokinetic (PK)–pharmacodynamic (PD) relationships are yet to be elucidated. In this study, the effect of LNCs on the PD activity and pharmacokinetics of praziquantel (PZQ), the mainstay of schistosomiasis chemotherapy, was investigated. Materials and methods The composition of LNCs was modified to increase PZQ payload and to enhance membrane permeability. PZQ–LNCs were characterized in vitro for colloidal properties, entrapment efficiency (EE%), and drug release. PD activity of the test formulations was assessed in Schistosoma mansoni-infected mice 7 days post-oral administration of a single 250 mg/kg oral dose. Pharmacokinetics of the test formulations and their stability in simulated gastrointestinal (GI) fluids were investigated to substantiate in vivo data. Results PZQ–LNCs exhibited good pharmaceutical attributes in terms of size (46–62 nm), polydispersity index (0.01–0.08), EE% (>95%), and sustained release profiles. Results indicated significant efficacy enhancement by reduction in worm burden, amelioration of liver pathology, and extensive damage to the fluke suckers and tegument. This was partly explained by PK data determined in rats. In addition, oral targeting of the worms was supported by the stability of PZQ–LNCs in simulated GI fluids and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) visualization of nanostructures on the tegument of worms recovered from mesenteric/hepatic veins. Cytotoxicity data indicated tolerability of PZQ–LNCs. Conclusion Data obtained provide evidence for the ability of oral LNCs to target distal post-absorption sites, leading to enhanced drug efficacy. From a practical standpoint, PZQ–LNCs could be suggested as a potential tolerable single lower dose oral nanomedicine for more effective PZQ mass chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rokaya O Amara
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt, .,Biotechnology Research Center, Tripoli, Libya
| | - Alyaa A Ramadan
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt,
| | - Riham M El-Moslemany
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt,
| | - Maha M Eissa
- Department of Medical Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Mervat Z El-Azzouni
- Department of Medical Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Labiba K El-Khordagui
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt,
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17
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The intelligent delivery systems for bioactive compounds in foods: Physicochemical and physiological conditions, absorption mechanisms, obstacles and responsive strategies. Trends Food Sci Technol 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tifs.2018.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
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18
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Chater PI, Wilcox MD, Pearson JP. Efficacy and safety concerns over the use of mucus modulating agents for drug delivery using nanoscale systems. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2018; 124:184-192. [PMID: 29247764 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2017.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2017] [Revised: 11/27/2017] [Accepted: 12/10/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Drug delivery to the mucus covered mucosae is fraught with difficulties and many different approaches have been developed to permeate the mucus barrier. Generally by modifying the delivery system to avoid interaction with the mucus. These modifications are reviewed here in terms of efficacy and safety. These are particular problems for oral delivery the pharmaceutical industry's favoured route for drug administration. For effective delivery through the gastrointestinal tract a drug must pass through three barriers in sufficient amounts to yield a biological effect. These barriers are the digestive barrier in the lumen, the mucus barrier, and the epithelial barrier. Other approaches involve mucolytic agents added with or prior to the delivery system or agents regulating mucus production and are reviewed here. In terms of safety, a key property of a mucus modulating delivery system is that it must not damage the protective function of the mucus layer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter I Chater
- Institute of Cell & Molecular Biosciences, Newcastle University, The Medical School, Framlington Place, Newcastle upon Tyne NE2 4HH, UK
| | - Matthew D Wilcox
- Institute of Cell & Molecular Biosciences, Newcastle University, The Medical School, Framlington Place, Newcastle upon Tyne NE2 4HH, UK
| | - Jeffrey P Pearson
- Institute of Cell & Molecular Biosciences, Newcastle University, The Medical School, Framlington Place, Newcastle upon Tyne NE2 4HH, UK..
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19
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Wu L, Shan W, Zhang Z, Huang Y. Engineering nanomaterials to overcome the mucosal barrier by modulating surface properties. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2018; 124:150-163. [PMID: 28989056 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2017.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2017] [Revised: 09/29/2017] [Accepted: 10/01/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Although nanotechnology has been investigated during recent years to increase the bioavailability and therapeutic effects of mucosal administrated drugs, numerous barriers (e.g., pH environment, enzymes and mucus) still limit the delivery efficiency. And the epithelium would also affect the systemic mucosal drug delivery. Amongst all the barriers, the protective mucus has drawn more and more attention, which strongly hinders the accessibility of nanovehicles to epithelium. Therefore, trials to conquer the mucus barrier have been designed using two controversial strategies: mucoadhesion and mucus-penetration. This review summarizes the influence of mucus layer on nanomaterials and introduces the modification strategies by modulating surface properties (i.e., hydrophilicity/hydrophobicity and surface charge) to overcome mucus barriers. Furthermore, it also reviews advanced modification methods to meet the different surface requirements of nanovehicles to overcome mucus and epithelium barriers in systemic mucosal delivery.
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20
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Aliakbari F, Shabani AA, Bardania H, Mohammad-Beigi H, Tayaranian Marvian A, Dehghani Esmatabad F, Vafaei AA, Shojaosadati SA, Saboury AA, Christiansen G, Otzen DE, Morshedi D. Formulation and anti-neurotoxic activity of baicalein-incorporating neutral nanoliposome. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2018; 161:578-587. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2017.11.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2017] [Revised: 10/12/2017] [Accepted: 11/07/2017] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
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21
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Mira A, Mateo CR, Mallavia R, Falco A. Poly(methyl vinyl ether-alt-maleic acid) and ethyl monoester as building polymers for drug-loadable electrospun nanofibers. Sci Rep 2017; 7:17205. [PMID: 29222482 PMCID: PMC5722912 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-17542-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2017] [Accepted: 11/24/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
New biomaterials are sought for the development of bioengineered nanostructures. In the present study, electrospun nanofibers have been synthesized by using poly(methyl vinyl ether-alt-maleic acid) and poly(methyl vinyl ether-alt-maleic ethyl monoester) (PMVEMA-Ac and PMVEMA-ES, respectively) as building polymers for the first time. To further functionalize these materials, nanofibers of PMVEMA-Ac and PMVEMA-ES containing a conjugated polyelectrolyte (HTMA-PFP, blue emitter, and HTMA-PFNT, red emitter) were achieved with both forms maintaining a high solid state fluorescence yield without altered morphology. Also, 5-aminolevulinic acid (5-ALA) was incorporated within these nanofibers, where it remained chemically stable. In all cases, nanofiber diameters were less than 150 nm as determined by scanning and transmission electron microscopy, and encapsulation efficiency of 5-ALA was 97 ± 1% as measured by high-performance liquid chromatography. Both polymeric matrices showed rapid release kinetics in vertical cells (Franz cells) and followed Higuchi kinetics. In addition, no toxicity of nanofibers, in the absence of light, was found in HaCaT and SW480 cell lines. Finally, it was shown that loaded 5-ALA was functional, as it was internalized by cells in nanofiber-treated cultures and served as a substrate for the generation of protoporphyrin IX, suggesting these pharmaceutical vehicles are suitable for photodynamic therapy applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amalia Mira
- Universidad Miguel Hernández (UMH), Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular (IBMC), 03202, Elche (Alicante), Spain
| | - C Reyes Mateo
- Universidad Miguel Hernández (UMH), Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular (IBMC), 03202, Elche (Alicante), Spain
| | - Ricardo Mallavia
- Universidad Miguel Hernández (UMH), Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular (IBMC), 03202, Elche (Alicante), Spain.
| | - Alberto Falco
- Universidad Miguel Hernández (UMH), Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular (IBMC), 03202, Elche (Alicante), Spain.
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22
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Gamazo C, García-Azpíroz M, Souza Rebouças JD, Gastaminza G, Ferrer M, Irache JM. Oral immunotherapy using polymeric nanoparticles loaded with peanut proteins in a murine model of fatal anaphylaxis. Immunotherapy 2017; 9:1205-1217. [DOI: 10.2217/imt-2017-0111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Gamazo
- Department of Microbiology, University of Navarra, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (Idisna), C/Irunlarrea, 1; 31080 - Pamplona, Spain
| | - Maddi García-Azpíroz
- Department of Microbiology, University of Navarra, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (Idisna), C/Irunlarrea, 1; 31080 - Pamplona, Spain
| | - Juliana De Souza Rebouças
- Department of Microbiology, University of Navarra, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (Idisna), C/Irunlarrea, 1; 31080 - Pamplona, Spain
- Laboratory of Microbiology & Immunoregulation, Gonçalo Moniz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (FIOCRUZ), Salvador, Brazil
| | - Gabriel Gastaminza
- Department of Allergology & Clinical Immunology, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, Navarra, Spain
| | - Marta Ferrer
- Department of Allergology & Clinical Immunology, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, Navarra, Spain
| | - Juan M Irache
- Department of Pharmacy & Pharmaceutical Technology, University of Navarra, Navarra, Spain
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23
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Fakhri A, Tahami S, Nejad PA. Preparation and characterization of Fe 3 O 4 -Ag 2 O quantum dots decorated cellulose nanofibers as a carrier of anticancer drugs for skin cancer. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY B-BIOLOGY 2017; 175:83-88. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2017.08.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2017] [Revised: 08/06/2017] [Accepted: 08/21/2017] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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24
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Iglesias T, Irache J, Butinar M, Turk B, López de Cerain A, Azqueta A. Genotoxic evaluation of poly(anhydride) nanoparticles in the gastrointestinal tract of mice. Int J Pharm 2017; 530:187-194. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2017.07.066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2017] [Revised: 07/21/2017] [Accepted: 07/21/2017] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
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25
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Collins A, El Yamani N, Dusinska M. Sensitive detection of DNA oxidation damage induced by nanomaterials. Free Radic Biol Med 2017; 107:69-76. [PMID: 28161308 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2017.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2016] [Revised: 01/02/2017] [Accepted: 02/01/2017] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
From a toxicological point of view, nanomaterials are of interest; because - on account of their great surface area relative to mass - they tend to be more reactive than the bulk chemicals from which they are derived. They might in some cases have the potential to damage DNA directly, or could act via the induction of oxidative stress. The comet assay (single cell gel electrophoresis) is widely used to measure DNA strand breaks and also oxidised bases, by including in the procedure digestion with lesion-specific enzymes such as formamidopyrimidine DNA glycosylase (which converts oxidised purines to breaks) or endonuclease III (recognising oxidised pyrimidines). We summarise reports in which these enzymes have been used to study a variety of nanomaterials in diverse cell types. We also stress that it is important to carry out tests of cell viability alongside the genotoxicity assay, since cytotoxicity can lead to adventitious DNA damage. Different concentrations of nanomaterials should be investigated, concentrating on a non-cytotoxic range; and incubating for short and longer periods can give valuable information about the mode of damage induction. The use of lesion-specific enzymes can substantially enhance the sensitivity of the comet assay in detecting genotoxic effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew Collins
- University of Oslo, Department of Nutrition, Oslo, Norway; NorGenotech AS, Skreia, Norway.
| | - Naouale El Yamani
- NorGenotech AS, Skreia, Norway; Norwegian Institute for Air Research, Department of Environmental Chemistry, Kjeller, Norway
| | - Maria Dusinska
- Norwegian Institute for Air Research, Department of Environmental Chemistry, Kjeller, Norway
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26
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Iglesias T, Dusinska M, El Yamani N, Irache JM, Azqueta A, López de Cerain A. In vitro evaluation of the genotoxicity of poly(anhydride) nanoparticles designed for oral drug delivery. Int J Pharm 2017; 523:418-426. [PMID: 28286081 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2017.03.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2017] [Revised: 03/07/2017] [Accepted: 03/08/2017] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
In the last years, the development of nanomaterials has significantly increased due to the immense variety of potential applications in technological sectors, such as medicine, pharmacy and food safety. Focusing on the nanodevices for oral drug delivery, poly(anhydride) nanoparticles have received extensive attention due to their unique properties, such as their capability to develop intense adhesive interactions within the gut mucosa, their modifiable surface and their biodegradable and easy-to-produce profile. However, current knowledge of the possible adverse health effects as well as, toxicological information, is still exceedingly limited. Thus, we investigated the capacity of two poly(anhydride) nanoparticles, Gantrez® AN 119-NP (GN-NP) and Gantrez® AN 119 covered with mannosamine (GN-MA-NP), and their main bulk material (Gantrez® AN 119-Polymer), to induce DNA damage and thymidine kinase (TK+/-) mutations in L5178Y TK+/- mouse lymphoma cells after 24h of exposure. The results showed that GN-NP, GN-MA-NP and their polymer did not induce DNA strand breaks or oxidative damage at concentrations ranging from 7.4 to 600μg/mL. Besides, the mutagenic potential of these nanoparticles and their polymer revealed no significant or biologically relevant gene mutation induction at concentrations up to 600μg/mL under our experimental settings. Considering the non-genotoxic effects of GN-NP and GN-MA-NP, as well as their exceptional properties, these nanoparticles are promising nanocarriers for oral medical administrations.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Iglesias
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy and Nutrition, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - M Dusinska
- Health Effects Laboratory, Department of Environmental Chemistry, Norwegian Institute for Air Research, Kjeller, Norway
| | - N El Yamani
- Health Effects Laboratory, Department of Environmental Chemistry, Norwegian Institute for Air Research, Kjeller, Norway
| | - J M Irache
- Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy and Nutrition, University of Navarra, Irunlarrea 1, 31008, Pamplona, Spain
| | - A Azqueta
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy and Nutrition, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain; IdiSNA, Navarra Institute for Health Research, Spain.
| | - A López de Cerain
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy and Nutrition, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain; IdiSNA, Navarra Institute for Health Research, Spain
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