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Józsa L, Nemes D, Pető Á, Kósa D, Révész R, Bácskay I, Haimhoffer Á, Vasvári G. Recent Options and Techniques to Assess Improved Bioavailability: In Vitro and Ex Vivo Methods. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:pharmaceutics15041146. [PMID: 37111632 PMCID: PMC10144798 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15041146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2023] [Revised: 03/28/2023] [Accepted: 03/31/2023] [Indexed: 04/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Bioavailability assessment in the development phase of a drug product is vital to reveal the disadvantageous properties of the substance and the possible technological interventions. However, in vivo pharmacokinetic studies provide strong evidence for drug approval applications. Human and animal studies must be designed on the basis of preliminary biorelevant experiments in vitro and ex vivo. In this article, the authors have reviewed the recent methods and techniques from the last decade that are in use for assessing the bioavailability of drug molecules and the effects of technological modifications and drug delivery systems. Four main administration routes were selected: oral, transdermal, ocular, and nasal or inhalation. Three levels of methodologies were screened for each category: in vitro techniques with artificial membranes; cell culture, including monocultures and co-cultures; and finally, experiments where tissue or organ samples were used. Reproducibility, predictability, and level of acceptance by the regulatory organizations are summarized for the readers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liza Józsa
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Debrecen, Nagyerdei St. 98, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Dániel Nemes
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Debrecen, Nagyerdei St. 98, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Ágota Pető
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Debrecen, Nagyerdei St. 98, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Dóra Kósa
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Debrecen, Nagyerdei St. 98, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Réka Révész
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Debrecen, Nagyerdei St. 98, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Ildikó Bácskay
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Debrecen, Nagyerdei St. 98, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary
- Institute of Healthcare Industry, University of Debrecen, Nagyerdei St. 98, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Ádám Haimhoffer
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Debrecen, Nagyerdei St. 98, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Gábor Vasvári
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Debrecen, Nagyerdei St. 98, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary
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Optimization and Evaluation of the In Vitro Permeation Parameters of Topical Products with Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs through Strat-M ® Membrane. Pharmaceutics 2021; 13:pharmaceutics13081305. [PMID: 34452264 PMCID: PMC8398299 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13081305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2021] [Revised: 08/12/2021] [Accepted: 08/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Pharmaceutical products containing non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are among the most prescribed topical formulations used for analgesic and antirheumatic properties. These drugs must overcome the skin barrier to cause a therapeutic effect. Human skin has been widely used as a model to study in vitro drug diffusion and permeation, however, it suffers from many limitations. Therefore, to perform in vitro permeation test (IVPT), we used a Strat-M® membrane with diffusion characteristics well-correlated to human skin. This study’s objective was to optimize the IVPT conditions using Plackett–Burman experimental design for bio-predictive evaluation of the in vitro permeation rates of five non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (diclofenac, etofenamate, ibuprofen, ketoprofen, naproxen) across Strat-M® membrane from commercial topical formulations. The Plackett–Burman factorial design was used to screen the effect of seven factors in eight runs with one additional center point. This tool allowed us to set the sensitive and discriminative IVPT final conditions that can appropriately characterize the NSAIDs formulations. The permeation rate of etofenamate (ETF) across the Strat-M® membrane was 1.7–14.8 times faster than other NSAIDs from selected semisolids but 1.6 times slower than the ETF spray formulation.
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Kocabaş NÖ, Kahraman E, Güngör S. Assessment of membrane type effects on in vitro performance of topical semi-solid products. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2021.102646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Xiao P, Qi P, Chen J, Song Z, Wang Y, He H, Tang X, Wang P. The effect of polymer blends on initial release regulation and in vitro-in vivo relationship of peptides loaded PLGA-Hydrogel Microspheres. Int J Pharm 2020; 591:119964. [PMID: 33137449 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2020.119964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2020] [Revised: 09/22/2020] [Accepted: 10/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to resolve the lag time problem for peptides loaded PLGA-Hydrogel Microspheres (PLGA-gel-Ms) by blending low molecular PLGA (Mw. 1 kDa) into PLGA (Mw. 10 kDa) as an intrinsic porogen, and then assess the in vitro-in vivo relationship (IVIVR). Here, Goserelin acetate (GOS) was chosen as the model peptides. When compared to additional types of porogen, the intrinsic porogen avoided impurities remaining and protected the bioactivities of the peptides. By adding 10% PLGA (Mw. 1 kDa), the lag time was eliminated both in vitro and in vivo with a desirable EE (97.04% ± 0.51%). The release mechanisms were found to be: a) initial GOS release mainly controlled by pores diffusion and b) autocatalysis of PLGA (Mw. 1 kDa) which increased the quantity of aqueous pores, as revealed by SEM images. To solve the challenges caused by multiphasic release profiles, for the first time the Segmented phases IVIVR were proposed and developed, and showed improved linear fitting effects and supported the proposed release mechanisms. The application of PLGA blends could provide a new insight into PLGA microsphere initial release rate regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peifu Xiao
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, Liaoning, People's Republic of China; Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Wenhua Road 103, Shenyang 110016, Liaoning, People's Republic of China
| | - Pan Qi
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Wenhua Road 103, Shenyang 110016, Liaoning, People's Republic of China
| | - Jin Chen
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Wenhua Road 103, Shenyang 110016, Liaoning, People's Republic of China
| | - Zilin Song
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Wenhua Road 103, Shenyang 110016, Liaoning, People's Republic of China
| | - Yidan Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, Liaoning, People's Republic of China
| | - Haibing He
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Wenhua Road 103, Shenyang 110016, Liaoning, People's Republic of China
| | - Xing Tang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Wenhua Road 103, Shenyang 110016, Liaoning, People's Republic of China
| | - Puxiu Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, Liaoning, People's Republic of China.
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