1
|
Sakata A, Kashio A, Koyama M, Urata S, Koyama H, Yamasoba T. Hearing and Hearing Loss Progression in Patients with GJB2 Gene Mutations: A Long-Term Follow-Up. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:16763. [PMID: 38069086 PMCID: PMC10705933 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242316763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2023] [Revised: 11/19/2023] [Accepted: 11/23/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
We aimed to investigate whether the degree of hearing loss with GJB2 mutations could be predicted by distinguishing between truncating and non-truncating mutations and whether the genotype could predict the hearing loss level. Additionally, we examined the progression of hearing loss in individuals monitored for over 2 years for an average of 6.9 years. The proportion of truncating mutations was higher in patients with profound and severe hearing loss, but it was not accurate enough to predict the degree of hearing loss. Via genotype analysis, mutations of the p.Arg143Trp variants were associated with profound hearing loss, while mutations of the p.Leu79Cysfs*3 allele exhibited a wide range of hearing loss, suggesting that specific genotypes can predict the hearing loss level. Notably, there were only three cases of progression in four ears, all of which involved the p.Leu79Cysfs*3 mutation. Over the long-term follow-up, 4000 Hz was significant, and there was a trend of progression at 250 Hz, suggesting that close monitoring at these frequencies during follow-up may be crucial to confirm progression. The progression of hearing loss was observed in moderate or severe hearing loss cases at the time of the initial diagnosis, emphasizing that children with this level of hearing loss need regular follow-ups.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aki Sakata
- Department of Otolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8654, Japan; (A.S.); (A.K.); (M.K.); (S.U.); (H.K.)
| | - Akinori Kashio
- Department of Otolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8654, Japan; (A.S.); (A.K.); (M.K.); (S.U.); (H.K.)
| | - Misaki Koyama
- Department of Otolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8654, Japan; (A.S.); (A.K.); (M.K.); (S.U.); (H.K.)
| | - Shinji Urata
- Department of Otolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8654, Japan; (A.S.); (A.K.); (M.K.); (S.U.); (H.K.)
| | - Hajime Koyama
- Department of Otolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8654, Japan; (A.S.); (A.K.); (M.K.); (S.U.); (H.K.)
| | - Tatsuya Yamasoba
- Department of Otolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8654, Japan; (A.S.); (A.K.); (M.K.); (S.U.); (H.K.)
- Tokyo Teishin Hospital, Tokyo 102-0071, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Chiang YT, Lin PH, Lo MY, Chen HL, Lee CY, Tsai CY, Lin YH, Tsai SF, Liu TC, Hsu CJ, Chen PL, Hsu JSJ, Wu CC. Genetic Factors Contribute to the Phenotypic Variability in GJB2-Related Hearing Impairment. J Mol Diagn 2023; 25:827-837. [PMID: 37683890 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmoldx.2023.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2023] [Revised: 07/19/2023] [Accepted: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Recessive variants in GJB2 are the most important genetic cause of sensorineural hearing impairment (SNHI) worldwide. Phenotypes vary significantly in GJB2-related SNHI, even in patients with identical variants. For instance, patients homozygous for the GJB2 p.V37I variant, which is highly prevalent in the Asian populations, usually present with mild-to-moderate SNHI; yet severe-to-profound SNHI is occasionally observed in approximately 10% of p.V37I homozygotes. To investigate the genomic underpinnings of the phenotypic variability, we performed next-generation sequencing of GJB2 and other deafness genes in 63 p.V37I homozygotes with extreme phenotypic severities. Additional pathogenic variants of other deafness genes were identified in five of the 35 patients with severe-to-profound SNHI. Furthermore, case-control association analyses were conducted for 30 unrelated p.V37I homozygotes with severe-to-profound SNHI against 28 p.V37I homozygotes with mild-to-moderate SNHI, and 120 population controls from the Taiwan Biobank. The severe-to-profound group exhibited a higher frequency of the crystallin lambda 1 (CRYL1) variant (rs14236), located upstream of GJB2, than the mild-to-moderate and Taiwan Biobank groups. Our results demonstrated that pathogenic variants in other deafness genes and a possible modifier, the CRYL1 rs14236 variant, may contribute to phenotypic variability in GJB2-realted SNHI, highlighting the importance of comprehensive genomic surveys to delineate the genotype-phenotype correlations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Ting Chiang
- Graduate Institute of Medical Genomics and Proteomics, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Hsuan Lin
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Yu Lo
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hsin-Lin Chen
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Surgical Oncology, National Taiwan University Cancer Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chen-Yu Lee
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Medical Research, National Taiwan University Hospital Hsin-Chu Branch, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Yu Tsai
- Graduate Institute of Medical Genomics and Proteomics, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yin-Hung Lin
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Feng Tsai
- Department of Life Sciences and Institute of Genome Sciences, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan; Institute of Molecular and Genomic Medicine, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli, Taiwan
| | - Tien-Chen Liu
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chuan-Jen Hsu
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Otolaryngology, Taichung Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Lung Chen
- Graduate Institute of Medical Genomics and Proteomics, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Medical Genetics, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Jacob Shu-Jui Hsu
- Graduate Institute of Medical Genomics and Proteomics, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.
| | - Chen-Chi Wu
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Medical Research, National Taiwan University Hospital Hsin-Chu Branch, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|