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Snyder HR, Silton RL, Hankin BL, Smolker HR, Kaiser RH, Banich MT, Miller GA, Heller W. The dimensional structure of internalizing psychopathology: Relation to diagnostic categories. Clin Psychol Sci 2023; 11:1044-1063. [PMID: 37982000 PMCID: PMC10655959 DOI: 10.1177/21677026221119483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2023]
Abstract
Recent approaches aim to represent the dimensional structure of psychopathology, but relatively little research has rigorously tested sub-dimensions within internalizing psychopathology. This study tests pre-registered models of the dimensional structure of internalizing psychopathology, and their relations with current and lifetime depressive and anxiety disorders diagnostic data, in adult samples harmonized across three sites (n=427). Across S-1 bifactor and hierarchical models, we found converging evidence for both general and specific internalizing dimensions. Depression, generalized anxiety disorder (GAD), social anxiety disorder (SAD), and panic attacks were all associated with a general internalizing factor that we posit primarily represents motivational anhedonia. GAD was also associated with a specific anxious apprehension factor, and SAD with specific anxious apprehension and low positive affect factors. We suggest that dimensional approaches capturing shared and specific internalizing symptom facets more accurately describe the structure of internalizing psychopathology and provide useful alternatives to categorical diagnoses to advance clinical science.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Benjamin L Hankin
- Department of Psychology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign
| | - Harry R Smolker
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of Colorado Boulder
| | - Roselinde H Kaiser
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of Colorado Boulder
| | - Marie T Banich
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of Colorado Boulder
- Institute of Cognitive Science, University of Colorado Boulder
| | - Gregory A Miller
- Department of Psychology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign
- Department of Psychology and Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, UCLA
| | - Wendy Heller
- Department of Psychology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign
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2
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Smolker HR, Banich MT, Friedman NP. Combining dimensional models of internalizing symptoms and repetitive negative thought: Systematic replication, model comparison, and external validation. JOURNAL OF PSYCHOPATHOLOGY AND CLINICAL SCIENCE 2023; 132:657-668. [PMID: 37347919 PMCID: PMC10524966 DOI: 10.1037/abn0000845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/24/2023]
Abstract
Despite the promise of transdiagnostic dimensional models of psychopathology, there have been few efforts to understand how distinct models can be combined to better capture the full range of psychopathology. The current report combines two prominent models of aspects of internalizing psychopathology, including a four-factor model of internalizing symptoms and a three-factor model of repetitive negative thought, to determine the degree to which these models are capturing distinct or isomorphic constructs. Employing model comparison techniques, we found that these models integrate into a single model which includes a general factor capturing covariance across internalizing dimensions (i.e., common internalizing), as well as specific factors for low positive affect, anxious arousal, anxious apprehension, and rumination. There was little evidence of a general repetitive negative thought factor over and above common internalizing, suggesting the two constructs are largely isomorphic. Importantly, all factors in the best-fitting model showed associations with diagnostic status across three psychiatric disorders, indicating external validity and potential clinical utility. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2023 APA, all rights reserved).
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Marie T. Banich
- Institute of Cognitive Science, University of Colorado Boulder
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of Colorado Boulder
| | - Naomi P. Friedman
- Institute of Cognitive Science, University of Colorado Boulder
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of Colorado Boulder
- Institute for Behavioral Genetics, University of Colorado Boulder
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3
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Coping with COVID Stress: Maladaptive and Adaptive Response Styles Predicting College Student Internalizing Symptom Dimensions. JOURNAL OF PSYCHOPATHOLOGY AND BEHAVIORAL ASSESSMENT 2022; 44:1004-1020. [PMID: 35892122 PMCID: PMC9305060 DOI: 10.1007/s10862-022-09975-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic significantly disrupted daily life for undergraduates and introduced new stressors (e.g., campus closures). How individuals respond to stressors can interact with stress to increase disorder risk in both unique and transdiagnostic ways. The current study examined how maladaptive and adaptive stress response styles moderated the perceived severity of COVID-related stressors effect on general and specific internalizing dimensions at the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic in a combined undergraduate sample across two universities (N = 451) using latent bifactor modeling and LASSO modeling to identify optimal predictors. Results showed that perceived stress severity and maladaptive response styles (not adaptive response styles or interactions between stress and response styles) were associated with both common and specific internalizing dimensions. Results suggest additive associations of stress severity and maladaptive coping with internalizing symptoms during the pandemic’s beginning, and provide important insights for screening, prevention, and intervention during future public health crises.
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Luciana M, Collins PF. Neuroplasticity, the Prefrontal Cortex, and Psychopathology-Related Deviations in Cognitive Control. Annu Rev Clin Psychol 2022; 18:443-469. [PMID: 35534121 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-clinpsy-081219-111203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
A basic survival need is the ability to respond to, and persevere in the midst of, experiential challenges. Mechanisms of neuroplasticity permit this responsivity via functional adaptations (flexibility), as well as more substantial structural modifications following chronic stress or injury. This review focuses on prefrontally based flexibility, expressed throughout large-scale neuronal networks through the actions of excitatory and inhibitory neurotransmitters and neuromodulators. With substance use disorders and stress-related internalizing disorders as exemplars, we review human behavioral and neuroimaging data, considering whether executive control, particularly cognitive flexibility, is impaired premorbidly, enduringly compromised with illness progression, or both. We conclude that deviations in control processes are consistently expressed in the context of active illness but operate through different mechanisms and with distinct longitudinal patterns in externalizing versus internalizing conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monica Luciana
- Department of Psychology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA; ,
| | - Paul F Collins
- Department of Psychology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA; ,
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Peterson EC, Snyder HR, Neilson C, Rosenberg BM, Hough CM, Sandman CF, Ohanian L, Garcia S, Kotz J, Finegan J, Ryan CA, Gyimah A, Sileo S, Miklowitz DJ, Friedman NP, Kaiser RH. General and Specific Dimensions of Mood Symptoms Are Associated With Impairments in Common Executive Function in Adolescence and Young Adulthood. Front Hum Neurosci 2022; 16:838645. [PMID: 35496074 PMCID: PMC9048678 DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2022.838645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2021] [Accepted: 03/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Both unipolar and bipolar depression have been linked with impairments in executive functioning (EF). In particular, mood symptom severity is associated with differences in common EF, a latent measure of general EF abilities. The relationship between mood disorders and EF is particularly salient in adolescence and young adulthood when the ongoing development of EF intersects with a higher risk of mood disorder onset. However, it remains unclear if common EF impairments have associations with specific symptom dimensions of mood pathology such as blunted positive affect, mood instability, or physiological arousal, or if differences in common EF more broadly relate to what is shared across various symptom domains, such as general negative affect or distress. To address this question, bifactor models can be applied to simultaneously examine the shared and unique contributions of particular mood symptom dimensions. However, no studies to our knowledge have examined bifactor models of mood symptoms in relation to measures of common EF. This study examined associations between common EF and general vs. specific symptom dimensions (anhedonia, physiological arousal, and mania) using structural equation modeling in adolescents and young adults with varying severity of mood symptoms (n = 495, ages = 13-25 years, 68.69% female). A General Depression factor capturing shared variance across symptoms statistically predicted lower Common EF. Additionally, a factor specific to physiological arousal was associated with lower Common EF. Anhedonia-specific and Mania-specific factors were not significantly related to Common EF. Altogether, these results indicate that deficits in common EF are driven by, or reflect, general features of mood pathology that are shared across symptom dimensions but are also specifically associated with physiological arousal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena C. Peterson
- Department of Psychology & Neuroscience, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, United States
| | - Hannah R. Snyder
- Department of Psychology, Brandeis University, Waltham, MA, United States
| | - Chiara Neilson
- Department of Psychology & Neuroscience, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, United States
| | - Benjamin M. Rosenberg
- Department of Psychology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Christina M. Hough
- Department of Psychology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Christina F. Sandman
- Department of Psychology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Leoneh Ohanian
- Department of Psychology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Samantha Garcia
- Department of Psychology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Juliana Kotz
- Department of Psychology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Jamie Finegan
- Department of Psychology & Neuroscience, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, United States
| | - Caitlin A. Ryan
- Department of Psychology & Neuroscience, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, United States
| | - Abena Gyimah
- Department of Psychology & Neuroscience, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, United States
| | - Sophia Sileo
- Department of Psychology & Neuroscience, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, United States
| | - David J. Miklowitz
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Naomi P. Friedman
- Department of Psychology & Neuroscience, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, United States
| | - Roselinde H. Kaiser
- Department of Psychology & Neuroscience, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, United States,*Correspondence: Roselinde H. Kaiser
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Yoo I. Social Networks as A Predictive Factor in Preserving Cognitive Functioning During Aging: A Systematic Review. HOME HEALTH CARE MANAGEMENT AND PRACTICE 2021. [DOI: 10.1177/10848223211030448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
This study presents a review of the existing literature concerning the relationship between types of social network and cognitive functioning during aging. The primary intent of the study was to identify the nature of this relationship. The study examined relevant literature published between 2008 and 2019 using searches of 4 scientific databases: PubMed, CINAHL, Embase, and PsycINFO. This study identified the relationship between social-network types and cognitive decline. The relationship is influenced by quantitative rather than qualitative variables of social networks, and it was found that associated with cognitive changes in episodic memory, working memory, and processing speed. The mechanism by which social networks influence cognitive function has been unclear. This study identified cognitive-ability variables related to social-network variables that have a major impact on cognitive function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ingyu Yoo
- Department of Occupational Therapy, College of Medical Sciences, Jeonju University, Jeonju-si, Jeollabuk-do, Republic of Korea
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Pourtois G, Braem S, Notebaert W, van Steenbergen H. What is cognitive control without affect? Int J Psychophysiol 2020; 153:91-94. [PMID: 32388148 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpsycho.2020.04.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Gilles Pourtois
- Department of Experimental Clinical & Health Psychology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.
| | - Senne Braem
- Department of Experimental Psychology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Wim Notebaert
- Department of Experimental Psychology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Henk van Steenbergen
- Leiden Institute for Brain and Cognition, Leiden University, the Netherlands; Cognitive Psychology Unit, Institute of Psychology, Leiden University, the Netherlands
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