Sporadic diffuse segmental interstitial cell of Cajal hyperplasia harbouring two gastric gastrointestinal stromal tumours (GIST) mimicking hereditary GIST syndromes

Colonic Mucosal Schwann Cell Hamartoma With Ancient Change: A Deceptive Feature for a Rare Lesion

Mucosal Schwann cell hamartomas are relatively rare, incidental, benign neural tumors of the colonic mucosa. They are characterized by an ill-defined proliferation of spindle cells in the lamina propria, are thought to originate from Schwann cells, and hence are diffusely positive for S100 immunostain. Mucosal Schwann cell hamartomas differ from neurofibromas and ganglioneuromas due to the absence of syndromic associations. Differentiating mucosal Schwann cell hamartomas from other mesenchymal lesions of the colon is clinically important due to their benign course and lack of syndromic associations. Schwannoma, another neural tumor, commonly shows ancient changes, which are defined by large, irregular hyperchromatic nuclei without atypical mitosis or necrosis. Here, we report a rare lesion of colonic mucosal Schwann cell hamartoma with ancient changes (as described in schwannomas) to increase awareness of histologic variations associated with mucosal Schwann cell hamartomas.

The Mechanisms for the Association of Cancer and Esophageal Dysmotility Disorders

BACKGROUND

Achalasia and other esophageal dysmotility disorders mimicking achalasia can be associated with cancer. This study aimed to review the main mechanisms for which cancer may develop in esophageal dysmotility disorder patients.

METHODS

A narrative review was performed.

RESULTS

The mechanism for developing squamous cell carcinoma and adenocarcinoma are discussed. Besides, achalasia-like syndromes related to familial KIT-gene mutation and pseudoachalasia are discussed.

CONCLUSIONS

Knowing the main mechanism for which achalasia can be related to cancer is essential for clinicians to conduct the proper investigation, surveillance, and treatment.