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Optimal indication of single-incision laparoscopic cholecystectomy using Konyang Standard Method in benign gallbladder diseases. JOURNAL OF MINIMALLY INVASIVE SURGERY 2022; 25:97-105. [PMID: 36177371 PMCID: PMC9494018 DOI: 10.7602/jmis.2022.25.3.97] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2022] [Revised: 08/09/2022] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Purpose The optimal indications for single-incision laparoscopic cholecystectomy (SILC) have not yet been established. Methods This single-center retrospective study included consecutive patients who underwent SILC between April 2010 and June 2020. Difficult surgery (DS) (conversion to multiport or open cholecystectomy, adjacent organ injury, operation time of ≥90 minutes, or estimated blood loss of ≥100 mL) and poor postoperative outcome (PPO) (postoperative hospital stay ≥ 7 days or Clavien-Dindo grade ≥ II postoperative complications) were defined to comprehensively evaluate surgical difficulty and postoperative outcomes, respectively. Results Of 1,405 patients (mean age, 51.2 years; 802 female [57.1%]), 427 (grade I, n = 358; grade II/III, n = 69) underwent SILC for acute cholecystitis (AC), 34 (2.4%) needed conversion to multiport (n = 33) or open cholecystectomy (n = 1), 7 (0.5%) had adjacent organ injury during surgery, and 49 (3.5%) developed postoperative complications. Of the patients, 89 and 52 had DS and PPO, respectively. In the multivariate analysis, grade I AC, grade II/III AC, and body mass index of ≥30 kg/m2 were significant predictors of DS. Age of ≥70 years and DS were significant predictors of PPO. In a subgroup analysis of patients with AC, DS (9.5% vs. 27.5%, p < 0.001) and PPO (5.0% vs. 15.9%, p = 0.001) were more frequent in patients with grade II/III AC than in those with grade I AC. Conclusion SILC is not recommended in patients with grade II/III AC and should be carefully performed by experienced and well-trained surgeons.
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Casaccia M, Ponzano M, Testa T, Martigli SP, Contratto C, De Cian F. Single-Port Cholecystectomy for Cholecystitis Versus Non-Cholecystitis. JSLS 2022; 26:JSLS.2022.00020. [PMID: 35967963 PMCID: PMC9355797 DOI: 10.4293/jsls.2022.00020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and Objectives: To assess the safety and efficacy of single-port laparoscopic cholecystectomy (SPLC) for the treatment of symptomatic cholelithiasis in different gallbladder pathologic conditions. Methods: All patients who underwent SPLC in our department between October 1, 2017 and March 31, 2020 were registered consecutively in a prospective database. Patients’ charts were retrospectively divided according to histological diagnosis: normal gallbladder (NG) (n = 13), chronic cholecystitis (CC) (n =47), and acute cholecystitis (AC) (n = 10). The parameters for assessing the procedure outcome included operative time, blood loss, use of additional trocars, conversion to laparotomy, intraoperative and postoperative complications, and length of hospital stay. Patient groups were statistically compared. Results: Seventy patients underwent SPLC. Duration of surgery increased from NG (55 ± 22.7 min) to CC (70 ± 33.5 min), and to AC patients (110.5 ± 50.5 min), which is statistically significant (P = .001). Postoperative complication rates were 7.6% in NG patients, 17% in CC, and 30% in AC (P = .442). Length of hospitalization was shorter for NG patients (1.0 ± 0.6 days) versus CC (2.0 ± 1.1 days) and AC patients (2.0 ± 4.7 days), with statistical significance (P = .020). Multivariate analysis found that pathology type and the occurrence of postoperative complications were independent predictors for prolonged operative times and prolonged hospital stay, respectively. Conclusion: SPLC is feasible for acute and chronic cholecystitis with good procedural outcomes. Since SPLC technique itself can be sometimes challenging with the existing technology, its application, especially in cases of acute cholecystitis, should be done with caution. Only prospective randomized studies on this approach for acute and chronic gallbladder diseases will assess the complete reliability of this technique.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Casaccia
- Surgical Clinic Unit I, Department of Surgical Sciences and Integrated Diagnostics (DISC), Genoa University, Genoa, Italy
| | - Marta Ponzano
- Unit of Clinical Epidemiology and Trials, National Institute for Cancer Research, Genoa, Italy
| | - Tommaso Testa
- Surgical Clinic Unit I, Department of Surgery, San Martino Hospital, Genoa, Italy
| | - Sofia Paola Martigli
- Surgical Clinic Unit I, Department of Surgical Sciences and Integrated Diagnostics (DISC), Genoa University, Genoa, Italy
| | - Cecilia Contratto
- Surgical Clinic Unit I, Department of Surgical Sciences and Integrated Diagnostics (DISC), Genoa University, Genoa, Italy
| | - Franco De Cian
- Surgical Clinic Unit I, Department of Surgical Sciences and Integrated Diagnostics (DISC), Genoa University, Genoa, Italy
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Um MH, Lee SJ, Choi IS, Moon JI, Lee SE, Sung NS, Kwon SU, Bae IE, Rho SJ, Kim SG, Yoon DS, Choi WJ. Completion of single-incision laparoscopic cholecystectomy using the modified Konyang standard method. Surg Endosc 2021; 36:4992-5001. [PMID: 34734302 DOI: 10.1007/s00464-021-08856-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2021] [Accepted: 10/21/2021] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND To date, a surgical method for single-incision laparoscopic cholecystectomy (SILC) has not been standardized. Therefore, this study aimed to introduce a standardized surgical method for SILC, in addition to reporting our experience over 10 years. METHODS Patients who underwent SILC at a single institution between April 2010 and December 2019 were included in this study. We analyzed the patient demographics and surgical outcomes according to the surgical method used: phase 1 (Konyang standard method, KSM) comprising initial 3-channel SILC, phase 2 (modified KSM, mKSM) comprising 4-channel SILC with a snake retractor, and phase 3 (commercial mKSM, C-mKSM) using a commercial 4-channel port. RESULTS Of 1372 patients (mean age, 51.3 years; 781 [56.9%] women), 418 (30.5%) surgeries were performed for acute cholecystitis (AC), 33 (2.4%) were converted to multiport or open cholecystectomy, and 49 (3.6%) developed postoperative complications. The mean operation time (OT) and length of postoperative hospital stay (LOS) were 51.9 min and 2.6 days, respectively. Overall, 325 patients underwent SILC with the KSM, 660 with the mKSM, and 387 with the C-mKSM. In the C-mKSM group, the number of patients with AC was the lowest (26.8% vs. 38.2% vs. 20.4%, p < 0.001) and the OT (51.7 min vs. 55.4 min vs. 46.1 min, p < 0.001), estimated blood loss (24.5 mL vs. 15.5 mL vs. 6.1 mL, p < 0.001), and LOS (2.8 days vs. 2.5 days vs. 2.3 days, p = 0.001) were significantly improved. The surgical outcomes were better in the non-AC group than in the AC group. CONCLUSION Based on our 10 year experience, C-mKSM is a safe and feasible method of SILC in selected patients, although there were lower percentage of patients with AC compared to other groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Ho Um
- Department of Surgery, Konyang University Hospital, Konyang University College of Medicine, 158, Gwanjeodong-ro, Seo-gu, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Seung Jae Lee
- Department of Surgery, Konyang University Hospital, Konyang University College of Medicine, 158, Gwanjeodong-ro, Seo-gu, Daejeon, Korea.
| | - In Seok Choi
- Department of Surgery, Konyang University Hospital, Konyang University College of Medicine, 158, Gwanjeodong-ro, Seo-gu, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Ju Ik Moon
- Department of Surgery, Konyang University Hospital, Konyang University College of Medicine, 158, Gwanjeodong-ro, Seo-gu, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Sang Eok Lee
- Department of Surgery, Konyang University Hospital, Konyang University College of Medicine, 158, Gwanjeodong-ro, Seo-gu, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Nak Song Sung
- Department of Surgery, Konyang University Hospital, Konyang University College of Medicine, 158, Gwanjeodong-ro, Seo-gu, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Seong Uk Kwon
- Department of Surgery, Konyang University Hospital, Konyang University College of Medicine, 158, Gwanjeodong-ro, Seo-gu, Daejeon, Korea
| | - In Eui Bae
- Department of Surgery, Konyang University Hospital, Konyang University College of Medicine, 158, Gwanjeodong-ro, Seo-gu, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Seung Jae Rho
- Department of Surgery, Konyang University Hospital, Konyang University College of Medicine, 158, Gwanjeodong-ro, Seo-gu, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Sung Gon Kim
- Department of Surgery, Konyang University Hospital, Konyang University College of Medicine, 158, Gwanjeodong-ro, Seo-gu, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Dae Sung Yoon
- Department of Surgery, Konyang University Hospital, Konyang University College of Medicine, 158, Gwanjeodong-ro, Seo-gu, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Won Jun Choi
- Department of Surgery, Konyang University Hospital, Konyang University College of Medicine, 158, Gwanjeodong-ro, Seo-gu, Daejeon, Korea
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Qu JW, Xin C, Wang GY, Yuan ZQ, Li KW. Feasibility and safety of single-incision laparoscopic cholecystectomy versus conventional laparoscopic cholecystectomy in an ambulatory setting. Hepatobiliary Pancreat Dis Int 2019; 18:273-277. [PMID: 31056482 DOI: 10.1016/j.hbpd.2019.04.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2018] [Accepted: 04/19/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Single-incision laparoscopic surgery has emerged as an alternative to conventional laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC) in the clinical setting. Limited information is available on the possibility of performing single-incision laparoscopic surgery as an ambulatory procedure. This study aimed to determine the feasibility and safety of single-incision laparoscopic cholecystectomy (SILC) versus conventional LC in an ambulatory setting. METHODS Ninety-one patients were randomized to SILC (n = 49) or LC (n = 42). The success rate, operative duration, blood loss, hospital stay, gallbladder perforation, drainage, delayed discharge, readmission, total cost, complications, pain score, vomiting, and cosmetic satisfaction of the two groups were then compared. RESULTS There were significant differences in the operative time (46.89 ± 10.03 min in SILC vs. 37.24 ± 10.23 min in LC; P < 0.001). As compared with LC, SILC was associated with lower total costs (8012.28 ± 752.67 RMB vs. 10258.91 ± 1087.63 RMB; P < 0.001) and better cosmetic satisfaction (4.94 ± 0.24 vs. 4.74 ± 0.54; P = 0.031). There were no significant differences between-group in terms of general data, success rate, blood loss, hospital stay, gallbladder perforation, drainage, delayed discharge, readmission, complications, pain score, and vomiting (P > 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Ambulatory SILC is safe and feasible for selected patients. The advantages of SILC as compared with LC are improved cosmetic satisfaction and lower total costs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun-Wen Qu
- Department of Biliary- Pancreatic Surgery, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, No. 160, Pujian Road, Shanghai 200127, China
| | - Cheng Xin
- Department of Biliary- Pancreatic Surgery, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, No. 160, Pujian Road, Shanghai 200127, China
| | - Gui-Yang Wang
- Department of Biliary- Pancreatic Surgery, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, No. 160, Pujian Road, Shanghai 200127, China
| | - Zhi-Qing Yuan
- Department of Biliary- Pancreatic Surgery, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, No. 160, Pujian Road, Shanghai 200127, China
| | - Ke-Wei Li
- Department of Biliary- Pancreatic Surgery, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, No. 160, Pujian Road, Shanghai 200127, China.
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Sato N, Yabuki K, Kudo Y, Koga A, Kohi S, Tamura T, Shibao K, Hirata K. Preoperative factors predicting the need for additional ports during single-incision laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Asian J Endosc Surg 2016; 9:192-7. [PMID: 27113627 DOI: 10.1111/ases.12286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2015] [Revised: 01/30/2016] [Accepted: 02/22/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Single-incision laparoscopic cholecystectomy (SILC) is gaining popularity as a minimally invasive technique that provides some benefits in terms of improved cosmesis. However, the insertion of an additional port is required in a subset of cases. METHODS We retrospectively analyzed 308 SILC procedures in patients with benign gallbladder diseases, except acute cholecystitis, to identify preoperative factors predicting the need for an additional port. RESULTS SILC was completed with a single incision in 272 patients (88%); the insertion of at least one additional port was required in 36 patients (12%). The additional port requirement was associated with a longer operative time (P < 0.0001), greater intraoperative blood loss (P < 0.0001), and longer postoperative hospital stay (P = 0.0002). Multivariate analysis revealed male gender (odds ratio: 2.57, P = 0.0170), prior history of upper abdominal surgery (odds ratio: 5.53, P = 0.0132), and a higher preoperative white blood cell count (odds ratio: 3.62, P = 0.0244) to be independent factors associated with the requirement for an additional port. CONCLUSION Our results suggest that gender, prior history of upper abdominal surgery, and white blood cell count can predict the likelihood of requiring an additional port in SILC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Norihiro Sato
- Department of Surgery 1, School of Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Kitakyushu, Japan
| | - Kei Yabuki
- Department of Surgery 1, School of Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Kitakyushu, Japan
| | - Yuzan Kudo
- Department of Surgery 1, School of Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Kitakyushu, Japan
| | - Atsuhiro Koga
- Department of Surgery 1, School of Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Kitakyushu, Japan
| | - Shiro Kohi
- Department of Surgery 1, School of Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Kitakyushu, Japan
| | - Toshihisa Tamura
- Department of Surgery 1, School of Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Kitakyushu, Japan
| | - Kazunori Shibao
- Department of Surgery 1, School of Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Kitakyushu, Japan
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