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Perzolli A, Koedijk JB, Zwaan CM, Heidenreich O. Targeting the innate immune system in pediatric and adult AML. Leukemia 2024:10.1038/s41375-024-02217-7. [PMID: 38459166 DOI: 10.1038/s41375-024-02217-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2024] [Revised: 02/27/2024] [Accepted: 02/29/2024] [Indexed: 03/10/2024]
Abstract
While the introduction of T cell-based immunotherapies has improved outcomes in many cancer types, the development of immunotherapies for both adult and pediatric AML has been relatively slow and limited. In addition to the need to identify suitable target antigens, a better understanding of the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment is necessary for the design of novel immunotherapy approaches. To date, most immune characterization studies in AML have focused on T cells, while innate immune lineages such as monocytes, granulocytes and natural killer (NK) cells, received less attention. In solid cancers, studies have shown that innate immune cells, such as macrophages, myeloid-derived suppressor cells and neutrophils are highly plastic and may differentiate into immunosuppressive cells depending on signals received in their microenvironment, while NK cells appear to be functionally impaired. Hence, an in-depth characterization of the innate immune compartment in the TME is urgently needed to guide the development of immunotherapeutic interventions for AML. In this review, we summarize the current knowledge on the innate immune compartment in AML, and we discuss how targeting its components may enhance T cell-based- and other immunotherapeutic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alicia Perzolli
- Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, 3584 CS, Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Erasmus MC/Sophia Children's Hospital, 3015 GD, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Joost B Koedijk
- Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, 3584 CS, Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Erasmus MC/Sophia Children's Hospital, 3015 GD, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - C Michel Zwaan
- Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, 3584 CS, Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Erasmus MC/Sophia Children's Hospital, 3015 GD, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Olaf Heidenreich
- Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, 3584 CS, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
- Wolfson Childhood Cancer Research Centre, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK.
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2
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Dai CL, Yang HX, Liu QP, Rahman K, Zhang H. CXCL6: A potential therapeutic target for inflammation and cancer. Clin Exp Med 2023; 23:4413-4427. [PMID: 37612429 DOI: 10.1007/s10238-023-01152-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2023] [Accepted: 07/23/2023] [Indexed: 08/25/2023]
Abstract
Chemokines were originally defined as cytokines that affect the movement of immune cells. In recent years, due to the increasing importance of immune cells in the tumor microenvironment (TME), the role of chemokines has changed from a single "chemotactic agent" to a key factor that can regulate TME and affect the tumor phenotype. CXCL6, also known as granulocyte chemoattractant protein-2 (GCP-2), can recruit neutrophils to complete non-specific immunity in the process of inflammation. Cancer-related genes and interleukin family can promote the abnormal secretion of CXCL6, which promotes tumor growth, metastasis, epithelial mesenchymal transformation (EMT) and angiogenesis in the TME. CXCL6 also has a role in promoting fibrosis and tissue damage repair. In this review, we focus on the regulatory network affecting CXCL6 expression, its role in the progress of inflammation and how it affects tumorigenesis and progression based on the TME, in an attempt to provide a potential target for the treatment of diseases such as inflammation and cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun-Lan Dai
- Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Hong-Xuan Yang
- Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Qiu-Ping Liu
- Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Khalid Rahman
- School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, Faculty of Science, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, UK
| | - Hong Zhang
- Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China.
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3
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Luciano M, Krenn PW, Horejs-Hoeck J. The cytokine network in acute myeloid leukemia. Front Immunol 2022; 13:1000996. [PMID: 36248849 PMCID: PMC9554002 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1000996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2022] [Accepted: 09/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a highly heterogeneous malignancy of the blood and bone marrow, characterized by clonal expansion of myeloid stem and progenitor cells and rapid disease progression. Chemotherapy has been the first-line treatment for AML for more than 30 years. Application of recent high-throughput next-generation sequencing technologies has revealed significant molecular heterogeneity to AML, which in turn has motivated efforts to develop new, targeted therapies. However, due to the high complexity of this disease, including multiple driver mutations and the coexistence of multiple competing tumorigenic clones, the successful incorporation of these new agents into clinical practice remains challenging. These continuing difficulties call for the identification of innovative therapeutic approaches that are effective for a larger cohort of AML patients. Recent studies suggest that chronic immune stimulation and aberrant cytokine signaling act as triggers for AML initiation and progression, facets of the disease which might be exploited as promising targets in AML treatment. However, despite the greater appreciation of cytokine profiles in AML, the exact functions of cytokines in AML pathogenesis are not fully understood. Therefore, unravelling the molecular basis of the complex cytokine networks in AML is a prerequisite to develop new therapeutic alternatives based on targeting cytokines and their receptors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michela Luciano
- Department of Biosciences and Medical Biology, Paris Lodron University of Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria
- Cancer Cluster Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Peter W. Krenn
- Department of Biosciences and Medical Biology, Paris Lodron University of Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria
- Cancer Cluster Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Jutta Horejs-Hoeck
- Department of Biosciences and Medical Biology, Paris Lodron University of Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria
- Cancer Cluster Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria
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Kaser EC, Zhao L, D'mello KP, Zhu Z, Xiao H, Wakefield MR, Bai Q, Fang Y. The role of various interleukins in acute myeloid leukemia. Med Oncol 2021; 38:55. [PMID: 33835290 DOI: 10.1007/s12032-021-01498-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2020] [Accepted: 03/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Interleukins are signaling molecules involved in the immune system, and they play a variety of roles in different diseases and cancers. Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is the most common type of leukemia in adults, and survival rate after diagnosis is very low. Investigating the role interleukins play in AML can help understand the progression of the disease. There exists a need for more effective treatment of AML. Interleukins can be used to guide immunotherapy for AML. This review article will examine how specific interleukins play a role in AML disease progression and how they can be utilized as a future treatment option.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erin C Kaser
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Pathology, Des Moines University College of Osteopathic Medicine, Des Moines, IA, 50312, USA
| | - Lei Zhao
- The Department of Respiratory Medicine, The 2nd People's Hospital of Hefei and Hefei Hospital Affiliated to Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Kyle P D'mello
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Pathology, Des Moines University College of Osteopathic Medicine, Des Moines, IA, 50312, USA
| | - Ziwen Zhu
- Department of Surgery, University of Missouri School of Medicine, Columbia, MO, 65212, USA
| | - Huaping Xiao
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Pathology, Des Moines University College of Osteopathic Medicine, Des Moines, IA, 50312, USA.,The Affiliated Hospital of Xiangnan University, Chenzhou, Hunan, China
| | - Mark R Wakefield
- Department of Surgery, University of Missouri School of Medicine, Columbia, MO, 65212, USA
| | - Qian Bai
- Department of Surgery, University of Missouri School of Medicine, Columbia, MO, 65212, USA
| | - Yujiang Fang
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Pathology, Des Moines University College of Osteopathic Medicine, Des Moines, IA, 50312, USA. .,Department of Surgery, University of Missouri School of Medicine, Columbia, MO, 65212, USA.
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5
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Karimdadi Sariani O, Eghbalpour S, Kazemi E, Rafiei Buzhani K, Zaker F. Pathogenic and therapeutic roles of cytokines in acute myeloid leukemia. Cytokine 2021; 142:155508. [PMID: 33810945 DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2021.155508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2020] [Revised: 03/14/2021] [Accepted: 03/15/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a heterogeneous disease with high mortality that accounts for the most common acute leukemia in adults. Despite all progress in the therapeutic strategies and increased rate of complete remission, many patients will eventually relapse and die from the disease. Cytokines as molecular messengers play a pivotal role in the immune system. The imbalance release of cytokine has been shown to exert a significant influence on the progression of hematopoietic malignancies including acute myeloid leukemia. This article aimed to summarize current knowledge about cytokines and their critical roles in the pathogenesis, treatment, and survival of AML patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Omid Karimdadi Sariani
- Department of Genetics, College of Science, Islamic Azad University, Kazerun Branch, Kazerun, Iran
| | - Sara Eghbalpour
- School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran
| | - Elahe Kazemi
- Biosensor Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | | | - Farhad Zaker
- Department of Hematology and Blood Banking, Faculty of Allied Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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Dollin Y, Rubin J, Carvajal RD, Rached H, Nitzkorski JR. Pembrolizumab and tavokinogene telseplasmid electroporation in metastatic melanoma. Int J Surg Case Rep 2020; 77:591-594. [PMID: 33395852 PMCID: PMC7708754 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijscr.2020.11.063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2020] [Revised: 11/09/2020] [Accepted: 11/10/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
TAVO is a novel office-based local therapy effective in patients with advanced melanoma. Involves direct injection of an IL-12 plasmid into an accessible tumor by electroporation. Case study to assess efficacy of TAVO in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Found to be a safe and effective local treatment with abscopal effect.
Introduction Tavokinogene Telseplasmid Electroporation Therapy (TAVO) and Pembrolizumab therapy is being studied in subjects with immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) resistant melanoma. TAVO is a novel office-based local therapy shown to be effective in patients with advanced melanoma. The technique involves the direct injection of a plasmid encoding IL-12 into an accessible tumor driven by electroporation. The tumor cells have then been shown to express high levels of IL-12 resulting in a local inflammatory response within the tumor microenvironment. Presentation of case The patient with stage IIB, pT3b melanoma was treated with primary tumor resection and found to have a negative sentinel node biopsy. She subsequently developed regional recurrence and was treated with inguinal lymphadenectomy and adjuvant Nivolumab. Despite therapy, she had progression of disease with skin and subcutaneous metastases (in-transit lesions), brain and liver lesions, hilar and iliac nodal disease. She was transitioned to nivolumab + ipilimumab, and Talimogene Laherparepvec (T-VEC) therapy for the in-transit lesions, without success. Stereotactic radiosurgery was used for the brain metastasis. Groin subcutaneous and in-transit lesions were treated with TAVO and intravenous pembrolizumab. Serial physical exams and CT scans were used to assess response. Discussion All lesions treated with TAVO resolved. An abscopal response was also noted: hilar and mediastinal lymphadenopathy resolved. The liver mass and pelvic lymphadenopathy decreased in size, and her brain metastasis remained stable after radiation. Conclusion This case suggests that combination TAVO and Pembrolizumab is a safe and effective local treatment for ICI resistant metastatic melanoma in the setting of rheumatoid arthritis. An abscopal effect was also noted through control of systemic disease.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jason Rubin
- Department of Medical Oncology, Vassar Brothers Medical Center, Poughkeepsie, NY, USA
| | - Richard D Carvajal
- Department of Medicine, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Helene Rached
- Department of Surgery, Vassar Brothers Medical Center, USA
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Hao X, Gu M, Sun J, Cong L. A-kinase interacting protein 1 might serve as a novel biomarker for worse prognosis through the interaction of chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 1/chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 2 in acute myeloid leukemia. J Clin Lab Anal 2019; 34:e23052. [PMID: 31617252 PMCID: PMC7031627 DOI: 10.1002/jcla.23052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2019] [Revised: 09/04/2019] [Accepted: 09/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background This study aimed to explore the association of A‐kinase interacting protein 1 (AKIP1) with chemokine (C‐X‐C motif) ligand (CXCL) 1/CXCL2, and further investigate their correlation with clinical features and prognosis in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) patients. Methods Totally 160 de novo AML patients were recruited, and their bone marrow samples were collected before treatment for detecting the expressions of AKIP1, CXCL1, and CXCL2 by the quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Complete remission (CR) was assessed after induction treatment, and event‐free survival (EFS) and overall survival (OS) were calculated. Results AKIP1 expression was positively associated with CXCL1 (P < .001) and CXCL2 expression (P < .001). AKIP1 high expression was correlated with FAB classification (P = .022), monosomal karyotype (P = .001), and poor risk stratification (P = .013), while CXCL2 high expression was associated with monosomal karyotype (P = .001). As for treatment response, AKIP1 high expression exhibited a trend to be increased in non‐CR patients compared with CR patients, while without statistical significance (P = .105). However, no correlation of CXCL1 (P = .418) or CXCL2 (P = .685) with CR achievement was observed. Most importantly, AKIP1 and CXCL1 were negatively correlated with accumulating EFS and OS (all P < .05), while CXCL2 only showed a trend to be negatively associated with accumulating EFS (P = .069) and OS (P = .055; but without statistical significance). Conclusion AKIP1 might serve as a novel biomarker for worse AML prognosis through the interaction of CXCL1/CXCL2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohong Hao
- Department of Hematology, Yantai YEDA Hospital, Yantai, China
| | - Mianmian Gu
- Department of Moral Education, Yantai Vocational College, Yantai, China
| | - Jie Sun
- Institute of Scientific and Technical Information of China, Beijing, China
| | - Lin Cong
- Department of Hematology, Yantaishan Hospital, Yantai, China
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Ribatti D. Interleukins as modulators of angiogenesis and anti-angiogenesis in tumors. Cytokine 2019; 118:3-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2018.10.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2018] [Revised: 10/23/2018] [Accepted: 10/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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Ferretti E, Di Carlo E, Ognio E, Fraternali-Orcioni G, Corcione A, Belmonte B, Ravetti JL, Tripodo C, Ribatti D, Pistoia V. IL-25 dampens the growth of human germinal center-derived B-cell non Hodgkin Lymphoma by curtailing neoangiogenesis. Oncoimmunology 2017; 7:e1397249. [PMID: 29399397 DOI: 10.1080/2162402x.2017.1397249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2017] [Revised: 10/20/2017] [Accepted: 10/21/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Interleukin (IL)-25, a member of the IL-17 cytokine superfamily, is produced by immune and non-immune cells and exerts type 2 pro-inflammatory effects in vitro and in vivo. The IL-25 receptor(R) is composed of the IL-17RA/IL-17RB subunits. Previous work showed that germinal centre (GC)-derived B-cell non Hodgkin lymphomas (B-NHL) expressed IL-17AR, formed by IL-17RA and IL-17RC subunits, and IL-17A/IL-17AR axis promoted B-NHL growth by stimulating neoangiogenesis. Here, we have investigated expression and function of IL-25/IL-25R axis in lymph nodes from human GC-derived B-NHL, i.e. Follicular Lymphoma (FL,10 cases), Diffuse Large B Cell Lymphoma (6 cases) and Burkitt Lymphoma (3 cases). Tumor cells expressed IL-25R and IL-25 that was detected also in non-malignant cells by flow cytometry. Immunohistochemical studies confirmed expression of IL-25R and IL-25 in FL cells, and highlighted IL-25 expression in bystander elements of the FL microenvironment. IL-25 i) up-regulated phosphorylation of NFkBp65, STAT-1 and JNK in B-NHL cells; ii) inhibited in vitro proliferation of the latter cells; iii) exerted anti-tumor activity in two in vivo B-NHL models by dampening expression of pro-angiogenic molecules as VEGF-C, CXCL6 and ANGPT3. In conclusion, IL-25, that is intrinsically pro-angiogenic, inhibits B-NHL growth by reprogramming the angiogenic phenotype of B-NHL cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisa Ferretti
- Laboratory of Experimental Therapies in Oncology and Laboratory of Oncology, Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genova, Italy
| | - Emma Di Carlo
- Department of Medicine and Sciences of Aging, "G. d'Annunzio" University and Ce.SI-MeT, Aging Research Center, Pathological Anatomy and Immuno-Oncology Unit, "G. d'Annunzio" University, Chieti, Italy
| | - Emanuela Ognio
- Animal Facility, IRCCS AOU San Martino - IST - Istituto Nazionale per la Ricerca sul Cancro, Genova, Italy
| | - Giulio Fraternali-Orcioni
- Unit of Pathology, IRCCS AOU San Martino - IST - Istituto Nazionale per la Ricerca sul Cancro, Genova, Italy
| | - Anna Corcione
- Laboratorio di Oncologia and Laboratorio malattie autoinfiammatorie e immudeficienze, Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genova, Italy
| | - Beatrice Belmonte
- Tumor Immunology Unit, Department of Health Science, Human Pathology Section, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Jean Louis Ravetti
- Unit of Pathology, IRCCS AOU San Martino - IST - Istituto Nazionale per la Ricerca sul Cancro, Genova, Italy
| | - Claudio Tripodo
- Laboratorio di Oncologia and Laboratorio malattie autoinfiammatorie e immudeficienze, Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genova, Italy
| | - Domenico Ribatti
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Neurosciences and Sensory Organs, University of Bari Medical School, Bari, Italy, and National Cancer Institute "Giovanni Paolo II", Bari, Italy
| | - Vito Pistoia
- Immunology Research Area, Ospedale Pediatrico Bambino Gesù, Roma, Italy
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Rezai O, Khodadadi A, Heike Y, Mostafai A, Gerdabi ND, Rashno M, Abdoli Z. Assessment of Relationship between Wilms' Tumor Gene (WT1) Expression in Peripheral Blood of Acute Leukemia Patients and Serum IL-12 and C3 Levels. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2016; 16:7303-7. [PMID: 26514528 DOI: 10.7314/apjcp.2015.16.16.7303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Leukemia is a common cancer among children and adolescents. Wilms' tumor gene (WT1) is highly expressed in patients with acute leukemia. It is found as a tumor associated antigen (TAA) in various types of hematopoietic malignancies and can be employed as a useful marker for targeted immunotherapy and monitoring of minimal residual disease (MRD). In this regard, WT1 is a transcription factor that promotes gene activation or repression depending on cellular and promoter context. The purpose of this study was assessment of WT1 gene expression in patients with acute leukemia, measurement of IL-12 and C3 levels in serum and evaluation of the relationship between them. MATERIALS AND METHODS We evaluated the expression of WT1 mRNA using real-time quantitative RT-PCR and serum levels of IL-12 and C3 using ELISA and nephelometry in peripheral blood of 12 newly diagnosed patients with acute leukemia and 12 controls. RESULTS The results of our study showed that the average wT1 gene expression in patients was 7.7 times higher than in healthy controls (P <0.05). In addition, IL-12 (P = 0.003) and C3 (P <0.0001) were significantly decreased in the test group compared to controls. CONCLUSIONS WT1 expression levels are significantly higher in patients compared with control subjects whereas serum levels of interleukin-12 and C3 are significantly lower in patients. Wt1 expression levels in patients are inversely related with serum levels of IL-12 and C3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Omran Rezai
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran E-mail :
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Yu L, Zhao Y, Gu X, Wang J, Pang L, Zhang Y, Li Y, Jia X, Wang X, Gu J, Yu D. Dual effect of LPS on murine myeloid leukemia cells: Pro-proliferation and anti-proliferation. Exp Cell Res 2016; 344:210-8. [PMID: 26968634 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2016.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2016] [Accepted: 03/06/2016] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Modification of the bone marrow microenvironment is considered as a promising strategy to control leukemic cell proliferation, diseases progression and relapse after treatment. However, due to the diversity and complexity of the cellular and molecular compartments in the leukemic microenvironment, it is extremely difficult to dissect the role of each individual molecule or cell type in vivo. Here we established an in vitro system to dissect the role of lipopolysaccharide (LPS), stromal cells and endothelial cells in the growth of mouse myeloid tumor cells and B-lymphoma cells. We found that either LPS or bone marrow stromal cells as a feeder layer in culture is required for the proliferation of myeloid tumor cells. Surprisingly, the growth of myeloid leukemic cells on stromal cells is strongly inhibited when coupled with LPS in culture. This opposing effect of LPS, a complete switch from pro-proliferation to antitumor growth is due, at least in part, to the rapidly increased production of interleukin 12, Fas ligand and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases-2 from stromal cells stimulated by LPS. These results demonstrate that LPS can either facilitate or attenuate tumor cell proliferation, thus changing the disease course of myeloid leukemias through its direct effect or modulation of the tumor microenvironment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingling Yu
- Department of Pediatrics, Jingjiang People's Hospital, Yangzhou University, Jingjiang 214500, China; Noncoding RNA Center, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225001, China
| | - Yingmin Zhao
- Department of Pediatrics, Jingjiang People's Hospital, Yangzhou University, Jingjiang 214500, China
| | - Xin Gu
- Noncoding RNA Center, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225001, China
| | - Jijun Wang
- Noncoding RNA Center, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225001, China
| | - Lei Pang
- Noncoding RNA Center, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225001, China
| | - Yanqing Zhang
- Noncoding RNA Center, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225001, China
| | - Yaoyao Li
- Noncoding RNA Center, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225001, China
| | - Xiaoqin Jia
- Noncoding RNA Center, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225001, China
| | - Xin Wang
- Noncoding RNA Center, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225001, China
| | - Jian Gu
- Department of Hematology, Yangzhou University School of Clinical Medicine, Yangzhou 225001, China
| | - Duonan Yu
- Department of Pediatrics, Jingjiang People's Hospital, Yangzhou University, Jingjiang 214500, China; Noncoding RNA Center, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225001, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine for Prevention and Treatment of Senile Disease, Yangzhou 225001, China; Institute of Comparative Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225001, China; Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Disease and Zoonosis, Yangzhou 225001, China.
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12
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Prigione I, Covone AE, Giacopelli F, Bocca P, Risso M, Tripodi G, Pistorio A, Sozzi G, Airoldi I, Ravazzolo R, Pistoia V. IL12RB2 Polymorphisms correlate with risk of lung adenocarcinoma. Immunobiology 2015; 221:291-9. [PMID: 26547104 DOI: 10.1016/j.imbio.2015.10.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2015] [Accepted: 10/24/2015] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
In a previous study, lack of IL-12 signaling in il12rb2 knock-out mice was found to predispose to lung adenocarcinoma (LAC). We asked whether specific polymorphisms of the human IL12RB2 gene may confer susceptibility to LAC. We studied IL12RB2 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) spanning from the promoter to the first untranslated exon of the gene. Genotypes of 49 individuals with LAC were compared with those of 93 healthy subjects. Two allele variants were found to be associated with increased susceptibility to LAC. One haplotype (hap), hap18, was more frequent in patients (18%) versus controls (6%) and significantly associated with increased probability of disease occurrence. Furthermore, IL-12 driven STAT4 phosphorylation in T cell blasts from healthy individuals was found to correlate with both single allele variants and haplotypes. In conclusion, genetically determined low signaling activity of IL-12R predisposes to the development of LAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ignazia Prigione
- U.O.C. Laboratorio di Oncologia, Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genova, Italy.
| | | | | | - Paola Bocca
- U.O.C. Laboratorio di Oncologia, Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genova, Italy
| | - Marco Risso
- U.O.C. Immunoematologia e Medicina Trasfusionale, Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genova, Italy
| | - Gino Tripodi
- U.O.C. Immunoematologia e Medicina Trasfusionale, Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genova, Italy
| | - Angela Pistorio
- U.O.S.D. Epidemiologia, Biostatistica e Comitati, Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genova, Italy
| | - Gabriella Sozzi
- S.C. Genomica Tumorale, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori Milano, Italy
| | - Irma Airoldi
- U.O.C. Laboratorio di Oncologia, Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genova, Italy
| | - Roberto Ravazzolo
- U.O.C. Genetica Medica, Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genova, Italy; Università degli Studi di Genova, Genova, Italy
| | - Vito Pistoia
- U.O.C. Laboratorio di Oncologia, Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genova, Italy
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Wang J, Tao Q, Wang H, Wang Z, Wu F, Pan Y, Tao L, Xiong S, Wang Y, Zhai Z. Elevated IL-35 in bone marrow of the patients with acute myeloid leukemia. Hum Immunol 2015; 76:681-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.humimm.2015.09.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2015] [Revised: 07/16/2015] [Accepted: 09/27/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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Tao Q, Pan Y, Wang Y, Wang H, Xiong S, Li Q, Wang J, Tao L, Wang Z, Wu F, Zhang R, Zhai Z. Regulatory T cells-derived IL-35 promotes the growth of adult acute myeloid leukemia blasts. Int J Cancer 2015; 137:2384-93. [PMID: 25866142 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.29563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2014] [Revised: 03/31/2015] [Accepted: 04/02/2015] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Qianshan Tao
- Department of Hematology; The Second Hospital of Anhui Medical University; Hefei Anhui China
- Hematology Research Center; Anhui Medical University; Hefei Anhui China
| | - Ying Pan
- Department of Hematology; The Second Hospital of Anhui Medical University; Hefei Anhui China
- Hematology Research Center; Anhui Medical University; Hefei Anhui China
| | - Yiping Wang
- Centre of Transplantation and Renal Research; Westmead Millennium Institute, Sydney University; NSW Australia
| | - Huiping Wang
- Department of Hematology; The Second Hospital of Anhui Medical University; Hefei Anhui China
- Hematology Research Center; Anhui Medical University; Hefei Anhui China
| | - Shudao Xiong
- Department of Hematology; The Second Hospital of Anhui Medical University; Hefei Anhui China
- Hematology Research Center; Anhui Medical University; Hefei Anhui China
| | - Qing Li
- Central Laboratory; Provincial Hospital affiliated to Anhui Medical University; Hefei Anhui China
| | - Jia Wang
- Department of Hematology; The Second Hospital of Anhui Medical University; Hefei Anhui China
| | - Lili Tao
- Department of Hematology; The Second Hospital of Anhui Medical University; Hefei Anhui China
- Hematology Research Center; Anhui Medical University; Hefei Anhui China
| | - Zhitao Wang
- Department of Hematology; The Second Hospital of Anhui Medical University; Hefei Anhui China
| | - Fan Wu
- Department of Hematology; The Second Hospital of Anhui Medical University; Hefei Anhui China
- Hematology Research Center; Anhui Medical University; Hefei Anhui China
| | - Rui Zhang
- Department of Hematology; The Fourth Hospital of Anhui Medical University; Hefei Anhui China
| | - Zhimin Zhai
- Department of Hematology; The Second Hospital of Anhui Medical University; Hefei Anhui China
- Hematology Research Center; Anhui Medical University; Hefei Anhui China
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15
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Ferretti E, Di Carlo E, Ognio E, Guarnotta C, Bertoni F, Corcione A, Prigione I, Fraternali-Orcioni G, Ribatti D, Ravetti JL, Ponzoni M, Tripodo C, Pistoia V. Interleukin-17A promotes the growth of human germinal center derived non-Hodgkin B cell lymphoma. Oncoimmunology 2015; 4:e1030560. [PMID: 26451300 DOI: 10.1080/2162402x.2015.1030560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2015] [Revised: 03/12/2015] [Accepted: 03/13/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Interleukin (IL)-17A belongs to IL-17 superfamily and binds the heterodimeric IL-17 receptor (R)(IL-17RA/IL-17RC). IL-17A promotes germinal center (GC) formation in mouse models of autoimmune or infectious diseases, but the role of IL-17A/IL-17AR complex in human neoplastic GC is unknown. In this study, we investigated expression and function of IL-17A/IL-17AR in the microenvironments of 44 B cell non-Hodgkin lymphomas (B-NHL) of GC origin (15 follicular lymphomas, 17 diffuse large B cells lymphomas and 12 Burkitt lymphomas) and 12 human tonsil GC. Furthermore, we investigated the role of IL-17A in two in vivo models of GC B cell lymphoma, generated by s.c. injection of SU-DHL-4 and OCI-Ly8 cell lines in Severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID)/Non Obese Diabetic (NOD) mice. We found that: (i) B-NHL cell fractions and tonsil GC B cells expressed IL-17RA/IL-17RC, (ii) IL-17A signaled in both cell types through NF-kBp65, but not p38, ERK-1/2, Akt or NF-kBp50/105, phosphorylation, (iii) IL-17A was expressed in T cells and mast cells from neoplastic and normal GC microenvironments, (iv) IL-17A rendered tonsil GC B cells competent to migrate to CXCL12 and CXCL13 by downregulating RGS16 expression; (v) IL-17A stimulated in vitro proliferation of primary B-NHL cells; (vi) IL-17A (1 μg/mouse-per dose) stimulated B-NHL growth in two in vivo models by enhancing tumor cell proliferation and neo-angiogenesis. This latter effect depended on IL-17A-mediated induction of pro-angiogenic gene expression in tumor cells and direct stimulation of endothelial cells. These data define a previously unrecognized role of human IL-17A in promoting growth of GC-derived B-NHL and modulating normal GC B cell trafficking.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisa Ferretti
- Laboratorio di Oncologia; Istituto Giannina Gaslini ; Genova, Italia
| | - Emma Di Carlo
- Department of Medicine and Sciences of Aging; "G. d'Annunzio" University and Ce.S.I. Aging Research Center; "G. d'Annunzio" University Foundation ; Chieti, Italy
| | - Emanuela Ognio
- IRCCS AOU San Martino-IST-Istituto Nazionale per la Ricerca sul Cancro ; Genova, Italy
| | - Carla Guarnotta
- Tumor Immunology Unit; Department of Health Science; Human Pathology Section; University of Palermo ; Palermo, Italy
| | - Francesco Bertoni
- Lymphoma & Genomics Research Program; -IOR- Institute of Oncology Research; and -IOSI- Lymphoma Unit; Oncology Institute of Southern Switzerland ; Bellinzona, Switzerland
| | - Anna Corcione
- Laboratorio di Oncologia; Istituto Giannina Gaslini ; Genova, Italia
| | - Ignazia Prigione
- Laboratorio di Oncologia; Istituto Giannina Gaslini ; Genova, Italia
| | - Giulio Fraternali-Orcioni
- Unit of Pathology; IRCCS AOU San Martino -IST- Istituto Nazionale per la Ricerca sul Cancro ; Genova, Italy
| | - Domenico Ribatti
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences; Neurosciences and Sensory Organs; University of Bari Medical School ; Bari; Italy ; and National Cancer Institute "Giovanni Paolo II" ; Bari, Italy
| | - Jean Louis Ravetti
- Unit of Pathology; IRCCS AOU San Martino -IST- Istituto Nazionale per la Ricerca sul Cancro ; Genova, Italy
| | - Maurilio Ponzoni
- Pathology Unit; Unit of Lymphoid Malignancies; San Raffaele Scientific Institute ; Milano, Italy
| | - Claudio Tripodo
- Tumor Immunology Unit; Department of Health Science; Human Pathology Section; University of Palermo ; Palermo, Italy
| | - Vito Pistoia
- Laboratorio di Oncologia; Istituto Giannina Gaslini ; Genova, Italia
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16
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Leukemic stem cells of acute myeloid leukemia patients carrying NPM1 mutation are candidates for targeted immunotherapy. Leukemia 2014; 28:1759-62. [PMID: 24675106 DOI: 10.1038/leu.2014.116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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17
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Lasek W, Zagożdżon R, Jakobisiak M. Interleukin 12: still a promising candidate for tumor immunotherapy? Cancer Immunol Immunother 2014; 63:419-35. [PMID: 24514955 PMCID: PMC3994286 DOI: 10.1007/s00262-014-1523-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 319] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2013] [Accepted: 01/20/2014] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Interleukin 12 (IL-12) seemed to represent the ideal candidate for tumor immunotherapy, due to its ability to activate both innate (NK cells) and adaptive (cytotoxic T lymphocytes) immunities. However, despite encouraging results in animal models, very modest antitumor effects of IL-12 in early clinical trials, often accompanied by unacceptable levels of adverse events, markedly dampened hopes of the successful use of this cytokine in cancer patients. Recently, several clinical studies have been initiated in which IL-12 is applied as an adjuvant in cancer vaccines, in gene therapy including locoregional injections of IL-12 plasmid and in the form of tumor-targeting immunocytokines (IL-12 fused to monoclonal antibodies). The near future will show whether this renewed interest in the use of IL-12 in oncology will result in meaningful therapeutic effects in a select group of cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Witold Lasek
- Department of Immunology, Centre of Biostructure Research, Medical University of Warsaw, Banacha 1a, "F" Bldg, 02-097, Warsaw, Poland,
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18
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Human interleukin 23 receptor induces cell apoptosis in mammalian cells by intrinsic mitochondrial pathway associated with the down-regulation of RAS/mitogen-activated protein kinase and signal transducers and activators of transcription factor 3 signaling pathways. Int J Mol Sci 2013; 14:24656-69. [PMID: 24351840 PMCID: PMC3876134 DOI: 10.3390/ijms141224656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2013] [Revised: 12/05/2013] [Accepted: 12/09/2013] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The composition of IL-23R complex is similar to that of the IL-12 receptor (IL-12R) complex with a shared IL-12R-β1 chain. The IL-12R-β1 heterodimerizes with IL-23R and IL-12R-β2 to form IL-23R and IL-12R complexes, respectively. The IL-12R-β2 has been shown to function as a tumor suppressor gene and apoptotic inducer. However, whether IL-23R also functions in cell apoptosis is currently unknown. In this study, we demonstrate for the first time that overexpression of IL-23R markedly induces cell apoptosis in both 293ET and HeLa cells. The activations of caspase 3 and caspase 9 are induced by IL-23R. Mechanistic study reveals that IL-23R markedly inhibits RAS/MAPK and STAT3 but not STAT1 and PI-3K/Akt signaling pathways in both 293ET and HeLa cells. Overexpression of IL-23R significantly up-regulates IL-12Rβ1 expression but not IL-23α and IL-12β expressions in both cell lines. Therefore, our data strongly indicates that IL-23R is able to induce cell apoptosis by activating the intrinsic mitochondrial pathways associated with the inhibition in RAS/MAPK and STAT3 activations in mammalian cells.
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19
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Nipp RD, Rao AV. Performance status in elderly patients with acute myeloid leukemia: exploring gene expression signatures of cytokines and chemokines. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci 2013; 70:714-21. [PMID: 23783402 DOI: 10.1093/gerona/glt039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2012] [Accepted: 02/21/2013] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is an aggressive disease that predominantly affects elderly patients. Cytokines and chemokines are major players in the pathogenesis of AML. They regulate the disease course and play a deleterious role in the progression of AML. The geriatric population is particularly vulnerable to these mediators as these cytokines and chemokines are also implicated in the development of frailty, fatigue, and declining cognitive function. It is the combination of these adverse effects of cytokines and chemokines that affect performance status and, in turn, the poor prognosis in this age group. Cytokines and chemokines are emerging as therapeutic targets in AML. Future endeavors to treat AML will likely involve cytokines and chemokines as attempts are made to disrupt the bone marrow environment. By modulating the bone marrow stroma, the goal is to create an environment less favorable to AML cells and more favorable to the effects of chemotherapy against AML.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan D Nipp
- Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Arati V Rao
- Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina.
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20
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Monitoring dendritic cell and cytokine biomarkers during remission prior to relapse in patients with FLT3-ITD acute myeloid leukemia. Ann Hematol 2013; 92:1079-90. [PMID: 23616009 PMCID: PMC3701796 DOI: 10.1007/s00277-013-1744-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2013] [Accepted: 03/25/2013] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Relapse occurs frequently after treatment of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) patients with the FMS-like tyrosine kinase 3-internal tandem duplication (ITD) mutation. The availability of immunologic biomarkers to predict patients at high risk could allow clinicians to accelerate alternative treatments such as stem cell transplantation, immunotherapy, or novel drugs. We have previously reported that first diagnostic (FD) ITD(+) AML showed immunophenotypic and functional characteristics of arrested dendritic cell (DC) precursors. In this study, we show that the high frequency of precursor DCs in 16 FD ITD(+) AML samples (Lin(-)/HLA-DR(+)/CD11c(+)/CD123(+)) was associated with a lack of terminal DCs (myeloid DCs: BDCA-1(+) or BDCA-3(+); plasmacytoid DC: BDCA-2(+)). We further evaluated prospectively the peripheral blood complete remission (CR) samples obtained from 11 ITD(+) AML patients after chemotherapy regarding the frequency of DCs and their pattern of cytokine production. Whereas the aberrant frequencies of precursor and terminal plasmacytoid DCs resolved during remission, the myeloid DC compartment did not fully recover. For an available cohort of patients (n = 4) who could be monitored over a period of >15 months after FD, we identified IL-10, TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-1β as cytokines produced by the CR samples at high levels a few months prior to relapse. Cell-free supernatant of an FD ITD(+) AML sample stimulated monocytes obtained from two healthy donors to secrete IL-10, TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-1β. Thus, we hypothesize that ITD(+) AML minimal residual disease can act directly as dysfunctional antigen-presenting cells or indirectly by production of factors that convert monocytes into myeloid-derived suppressor cells secreting cytokines that promote immune evasion. Monitoring these immunologic biomarkers could improve prediction of relapse.
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21
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Sanchez-Correa B, Bergua JM, Campos C, Gayoso I, Arcos MJ, Bañas H, Morgado S, Casado JG, Solana R, Tarazona R. Cytokine profiles in acute myeloid leukemia patients at diagnosis: Survival is inversely correlated with IL-6 and directly correlated with IL-10 levels. Cytokine 2013; 61:885-91. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2012.12.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 109] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2012] [Revised: 12/19/2012] [Accepted: 12/22/2012] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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22
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Qian X, Cao S, Yang G, Pan Y, Yin C, Chen X, Zhu Y, Zhuang Y, Shen Y, Hu Z. Potentially functional polymorphism in IL-23 receptor and risk of acute myeloid leukemia in a Chinese population. PLoS One 2013; 8:e55473. [PMID: 23393581 PMCID: PMC3564797 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0055473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2012] [Accepted: 12/23/2012] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The interleukin-23 (IL-23) and its receptor (IL-23R) mediate the direct antitumor activities in human hematologic malignancies including pediatric acute leukemia. Two potentially functional genetic variants (IL-23R rs1884444 T>G and rs6682925 T>C) have been found to contribute to solid cancer susceptibility. In this study, we conducted a case-control study including 545 acute myeloid leukemia (AML) patients and 1,146 cancer-free controls in a Chinese population to assess the association between these two SNPs and the risk of AML. We found that IL-23R rs1884444 TG/GG and rs6682925 TC/CC variant genotypes were associated with significantly increased risk of AML [rs1884444: adjusted odds ratio (OR) = 1.28, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.01–1.62; rs6682925: adjusted OR = 1.30, 95%CI = 1.01–1.67], compared to their corresponding wild-type homozygotes, respectively. These findings indicated that genetic variants in IL-23R may contribute to AML risk in our Chinese population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xifeng Qian
- Department of Hematology, Wuxi People's Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, China
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23
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Anti-leukemic properties of IL-12, IL-23 and IL-27: Differences and similarities in the control of pediatric B acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Crit Rev Oncol Hematol 2012; 83:310-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.critrevonc.2011.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2011] [Revised: 11/11/2011] [Accepted: 11/15/2011] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
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24
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Zhu Q, Han X, Peng J, Qin H, Wang Y. The role of CXC chemokines and their receptors in the progression and treatment of tumors. J Mol Histol 2012; 43:699-713. [PMID: 22752457 DOI: 10.1007/s10735-012-9435-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2012] [Accepted: 06/21/2012] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Chemokines are a class of functional chemotactic peptides that contribute to a number of tumor-related processes. They are functionally defined as soluble factors that are able to control the directional migration of leukocytes, in particular, during infection and inflammation. It appears, however, that the biological effects mediated by chemokines are far more complex, and virtually all cells, including many tumor cell types, can express chemokines and chemokine receptors. A growing body of evidence indicates that they also contribute to a number of tumor-related processes, such as tumor cell growth, angiogenesis/angiostasis, local invasion, and mediate organ-specific metastases of cancer. The CXC chemokine class is a subfamily of a large family of chemokines. During the occurrence and development of tumor cells, this chemokine class is often accompanied by a series of molecular and biological changes. The CXC chemokine subfamily is closely related to the body's immune response to tumors and biological behaviors of tumors. In this paper, CXC chemokines and their role in the progression and treatment of tumors will be reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingchao Zhu
- Department of Surgery, The Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 600 Yishan Road, Shanghai, 200233, People's Republic of China.
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25
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Ferretti E, Cocco C, Airoldi I, Pistoia V. Targeting acute myeloid leukemia cells with cytokines. J Leukoc Biol 2012; 92:567-575. [DOI: 10.1189/jlb.0112036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Review of data identifying IL-12 and IL-27 as potential therapeutic agents for pediatric AML by targeting leukemia initiating cells and/or blasts.
AML is a hematologic malignancy that represents 15–20% of all childhood acute leukemias and is responsible for more than one-half of pediatric leukemic deaths. The bulk tumor is continuously regenerated and sustained by rare leukemic ICs that proliferate slowly, thus resulting refractory to chemotherapeutic agents targeting highly proliferating cells within the tumor. Therefore, a complete eradication of the bulk tumor may depend on efficacy of therapies that target IC. In spite of the improvements in the treatment of AML, the difficulty to eradicate completely the disease incites research for innovative therapeutic approaches. In this regard, the role of cytokines in the treatment of AML has been investigated for many years, and some of them have been tested in clinical trials as a result of their immunomodulatory properties. Furthermore, recent preclinical studies highlighted the ability of the IL-12 superfamily cytokines as potent antileukemic agents that act directly on tumor cells and on leukemic IC, thus opening new perspectives for leukemic patient treatment. Here, we review the current knowledge about the antileukemic effects of cytokines, documented in preclinical and clinical studies, discussing their potential clinical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisa Ferretti
- Laboratory of Oncology, Istituto Giannina Gaslini , Genova, Italy
| | - Claudia Cocco
- Associazione Italiana Ricerca sul Cancro Laboratory of Immunology and Tumors, Department of Experimental and Laboratory Medicine, Istituto Giannina Gaslini , Genova, Italy
| | - Irma Airoldi
- Associazione Italiana Ricerca sul Cancro Laboratory of Immunology and Tumors, Department of Experimental and Laboratory Medicine, Istituto Giannina Gaslini , Genova, Italy
| | - Vito Pistoia
- Laboratory of Oncology, Istituto Giannina Gaslini , Genova, Italy
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26
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Zorzoli A, Di Carlo E, Cocco C, Ognio E, Ribatti D, Ferretti E, Dufour C, Locatelli F, Montagna D, Airoldi I. Interleukin-27 inhibits the growth of pediatric acute myeloid leukemia in NOD/SCID/Il2rg-/- mice. Clin Cancer Res 2012; 18:1630-40. [PMID: 22383738 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-11-2432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) accounts for more than half of fatal cases in all pediatric leukemia patients; this observation highlights the need of more effective therapies. Thus, we investigated whether interleukin (IL)-27, an immunomodulatory cytokine, functions as an antitumor agent against pediatric AML cells. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN Expression of WSX-1 and gp130 on AML cells from 16 pediatric patients was studied by flow cytometry. Modulation of leukemia cell proliferation or apoptosis upon IL-27 treatment in vitro was tested by bromodeoxyuridine/propidium iodide (PI) and Ki67, or Annexin V/PI staining and flow cytometric analysis. The angiogenic potential of AML cells treated or not with IL-27 was studied by chorioallantoic membrane assay and PCR array. In vivo studies were carried out using nonobese diabetic/severe combined immunodeficient (NOD/SCID)/Il2rg(-/-) mice injected intravenously with five pediatric AML cell samples. Leukemic cells engrafted in PBS and IL-27-treated animals were studied by immunohistochemical/morphologic analysis and by PCR array for expression angiogenic/dissemination-related genes. RESULTS We provided the first demonstration that (i) AML cells injected into NOD/SCID/Il2rg(-/-) mice gave rise to leukemia dissemination that was severely hampered by IL-27, (ii) compared with controls, leukemia cells harvested from IL-27-treated mice showed significant reduction of their angiogenic and spreading related genes, and (iii) similarly to what was observed in vivo, IL-27 reduced in vitro AML cell proliferation and modulated the expression of different genes involved in the angiogenic/spreading process. CONCLUSION These results provide an experimental rationale for the development of future clinical trials aimed at evaluating the toxicity and efficacy of IL-27.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessia Zorzoli
- Department of Experimental and Laboratory Medicine, IRCCS G. Gaslini Institute, Genoa, Italy
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27
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Giuliani N, Airoldi I. Novel insights into the role of interleukin-27 and interleukin-23 in human malignant and normal plasma cells. Clin Cancer Res 2011; 17:6963-70. [PMID: 21880791 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-11-1724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Multiple myeloma is a monoclonal postgerminal center tumor that has phenotypic features of plasmablasts and/or plasma cells and usually localizes at multiple sites in the bone marrow. The pathogenesis of multiple myeloma is complex and dependent on the interactions between tumor cells and their microenvironment. Different cytokines, chemokines, and proangiogenic factors released in the tumor microenvironment are known to promote multiple myeloma cell growth. Here, we report recent advances on the role of 2 strictly related immunomodulatory cytokines, interleukin-27 (IL-27) and IL-23, in human normal and neoplastic plasma cells, highlighting their ability to (i) act directly against multiple myeloma cells, (ii) influence the multiple myeloma microenvironment by targeting osteoclast and osteoblast cells, and (iii) modulate normal plasma cell function. Finally, the therapeutic implication of these studies is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicola Giuliani
- Hematology and Blood and Marrow Transplantation (BMT) Center, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
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28
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Airoldi I, Ribatti D. Regulation of angiostatic chemokines driven by IL-12 and IL-27 in human tumors. J Leukoc Biol 2011; 90:875-82. [PMID: 21750124 DOI: 10.1189/jlb.0511237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Chemokines have pleiotropic effects in regulating immunity, angiogenesis, and tumor growth. CXC and CC chemokine families members and their receptors are able to exert a proangiogenic or an antiangiogenic effect in experimental models and in human tumors. In this review article, we have summarized literature data and our studies concerning the angiostatic activity of chemokines. Their angiostatic activity may be a result of a direct effect on the biological functions of endothelial cells and/or an effect on tumor cells inhibiting their capability to stimulate new blood vessel formation. Moreover, chemokines have a pro- and antitumor effect within the tumor microenvironment by regulating immune cell infiltration and its antitumor activities. We have focused our interest on the role of IL-12 and IL-27 in solid and hematological tumors, and we have suggested and discussed their potential use as antiangiogenic agents in the treatment of such tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irma Airoldi
- Department of Experimental and Laboratory Medicine, G. Gaslini Institute, Genova, Italy
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