1
|
Vancappel A, Courtois R, Siragusa M, Hingray C, Réveillère C, Caprara G, Belzung C, El-Hage W. Validation of the French Version of the Positivity Scale (P Scale). Front Psychol 2022; 12:724253. [PMID: 35185665 PMCID: PMC8847605 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.724253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2021] [Accepted: 12/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The purpose of this study is to assess the psychometric properties of the French version of the Positivity scale (P scale), a self-report measure of positivity, which is the tendency to view and address life and experience with a positive outlook. Positivity is seen as a latent factor underlying multiple cognitive concepts such as self-esteem, life satisfaction, and optimism. METHODS We recruited 666 volunteers (540 women and 126 men). They completed the P scale online, as well as self-report measures of psychological well-being, self-esteem, satisfaction with life, general health, and personality dimensions. The study sample was randomly split into two sub-groups, one used for exploratory factor analysis and the other for confirmatory factor analysis. RESULTS We found conflictual results related to the uni-dimensionality of the French version of the P scale. We found good internal consistency and high concurrent validity. CONCLUSION The French version of the P scale demonstrated good psychometric qualities and is a reliable tool that can now be used by French researchers and clinicians to assess positivity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alexis Vancappel
- Pôle de Psychiatrie-Addictologie, CHRU de Tours, Tours, France.,Département de Psychologie, EE 1901 Qualipsy, Qualité de vie et Santé Psychologique, Université de Tours, Tours, France.,UMR 1253, iBrain, Inserm, Université de Tours, Tours, France
| | - Robert Courtois
- Pôle de Psychiatrie-Addictologie, CHRU de Tours, Tours, France.,Département de Psychologie, EE 1901 Qualipsy, Qualité de vie et Santé Psychologique, Université de Tours, Tours, France
| | - Marta Siragusa
- UMR 1253, iBrain, Inserm, Université de Tours, Tours, France
| | - Coraline Hingray
- Pôle Hospitalo-Universitaire de Psychiatrie d'Adultes et d'Addictologie du Grand Nancy, Centre Psychothérapique de Nancy (CPN), Laxou, France
| | - Christian Réveillère
- Département de Psychologie, EE 1901 Qualipsy, Qualité de vie et Santé Psychologique, Université de Tours, Tours, France
| | | | | | - Wissam El-Hage
- Pôle de Psychiatrie-Addictologie, CHRU de Tours, Tours, France.,UMR 1253, iBrain, Inserm, Université de Tours, Tours, France
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Pasquali V, Ghiciuc CM, Castellani V, Caprara GV, Alessandri G, D’Amelio R, Ziparo V, Scarinci F, Patacchioli FR. Salivary Cortisol and α-Amylase Production at Awakening is Associated with Positivity (POS) Levels in Healthy Young Subjects. JOURNAL OF HAPPINESS STUDIES 2021; 22:2165-2176. [DOI: 10.1007/s10902-020-00314-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/15/2020] [Indexed: 10/13/2023]
Abstract
AbstractA large variety of positive outcomes including social adjustment, psychological well-being and health, have been recently closely associated with positivity (POS). On the assumption that differences in the POS degree might be associated with different individual neuroendocrine assets that enables people to cope effectively with stress, the present study examined the association between POS, salivary cortisol and α-Amylase (α-Amy) production in a group of healthy male volunteers university students, respectively scoring high (POS-H, N = 10) and low (POS-L, N = 10) in POS. Participants were selected from a larger sample of 300 students of the Medical School at Sapienza University of Rome on the basis of their positivity level: POS was analysed and the upper and lower 25% were invited to participate in this new study. The findings report a distinct salivary cortisol and α-Amy production in the study population: in comparison to the POS-H group, the POS-L subjects presented a lower salivary cortisol awake response (CAR) and a flattened α-Amy production at 30 and 60 min after awakening. In addition, salivary cortisol and α-Amy areas under the curve (AUCs), which were calculated as indicators of the two subclinical biomarkers production during the first hour after awakening, resulted significantly lower in the POS-L group in comparison to the POS-H group. Further studies on larger and different populations are needed to definitively confirm that the different cortisol and α-Amy secretion patterns between POS-H and POS-L individuals is associated with a potentially better capacity to preserving an adequate quality of life in individuals being equipped with a system apparently able to better respond to external and/or internal stimuli. Lastly, a better understanding of the biological correlates of POS is crucial to design psychological interventions able to take advantage of individuals’ assets and thus to integrate and strengthen the efficacy of traditional medications.
Collapse
|
3
|
Bajpai G, Nahrendorf M. Infectious and lifestyle modifiers of immunity and host resilience. Immunity 2021; 54:1110-1122. [PMID: 34107270 DOI: 10.1016/j.immuni.2021.05.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2021] [Revised: 03/25/2021] [Accepted: 05/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
The interindividual heterogeneity of the immune system likely determines the personal risk for acquiring infections and developing diseases with inflammatory components. In addition to genetic factors, the immune system's heterogeneity is driven by diverging exposures of leukocytes and their progenitors to infections, vaccinations, and health behavior, including lifestyle-related stimuli such as diet, physical inactivity, and psychosocial stress. We review how such experiences alter immune cell responses to concurrent and subsequent challenges, leading to either improved host resilience or disease susceptibility due to a muted or overzealous immune system, with a primary focus on the contribution of innate immune cells. We explore the involvement of diverse mechanisms, including trained immunity, and their relevance for infections and cardiovascular disease, as these prevalent conditions are heavily influenced by immune cell abundance and phenotypic adaptions. Understanding the mechanistic bases of immune modulations by prior or co-exposures may lead to new therapies targeting dysfunctional inflammation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Geetika Bajpai
- Center for Systems Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Matthias Nahrendorf
- Center for Systems Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Cardiovascular Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Pasquali V, Ghiciuc CM, Castellani V, Caprara GV, Alessandri G, D’Amelio R, Ziparo V, Scarinci F, Patacchioli FR. Salivary Cortisol and α-Amylase Production at Awakening is Associated with Positivity (POS) Levels in Healthy Young Subjects. JOURNAL OF HAPPINESS STUDIES 2020. [DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10902-020-00314-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
AbstractA large variety of positive outcomes including social adjustment, psychological well-being and health, have been recently closely associated with positivity (POS). On the assumption that differences in the POS degree might be associated with different individual neuroendocrine assets that enables people to cope effectively with stress, the present study examined the association between POS, salivary cortisol and α-Amylase (α-Amy) production in a group of healthy male volunteers university students, respectively scoring high (POS-H, N = 10) and low (POS-L, N = 10) in POS. Participants were selected from a larger sample of 300 students of the Medical School at Sapienza University of Rome on the basis of their positivity level: POS was analysed and the upper and lower 25% were invited to participate in this new study. The findings report a distinct salivary cortisol and α-Amy production in the study population: in comparison to the POS-H group, the POS-L subjects presented a lower salivary cortisol awake response (CAR) and a flattened α-Amy production at 30 and 60 min after awakening. In addition, salivary cortisol and α-Amy areas under the curve (AUCs), which were calculated as indicators of the two subclinical biomarkers production during the first hour after awakening, resulted significantly lower in the POS-L group in comparison to the POS-H group. Further studies on larger and different populations are needed to definitively confirm that the different cortisol and α-Amy secretion patterns between POS-H and POS-L individuals is associated with a potentially better capacity to preserving an adequate quality of life in individuals being equipped with a system apparently able to better respond to external and/or internal stimuli. Lastly, a better understanding of the biological correlates of POS is crucial to design psychological interventions able to take advantage of individuals’ assets and thus to integrate and strengthen the efficacy of traditional medications.
Collapse
|
5
|
Artemov DV, Zulkarnaev AB, Vatazin AV. Age-related features of the pattern of lymphocyte subpopulations and functional activity of peripheral blood mononuclear cells in patients with chronic kidney disease before and after transplantation. RUSSIAN JOURNAL OF TRANSPLANTOLOGY AND ARTIFICIAL ORGANS 2020. [DOI: 10.15825/1995-1191-2020-1-40-49] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- D. V. Artemov
- M.F. Vladimirsky Moscow Regional Clinical and Research Institute
| | - A. B. Zulkarnaev
- M.F. Vladimirsky Moscow Regional Clinical and Research Institute
| | - A. V. Vatazin
- M.F. Vladimirsky Moscow Regional Clinical and Research Institute
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Caprara GV, Alessandri G, Caprara M. Associations of positive orientation with health and psychosocial adaptation: A review of findings and perspectives. ASIAN JOURNAL OF SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY 2018. [DOI: 10.1111/ajsp.12325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
|