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Jeleń M, Pluta K, Szmielew M, Morak-Młodawska B, Herman K, Giercuszkiewicz K, Kasprzycka A, Skonieczna M. 14-Substituted Diquinothiazines as a New Group of Anticancer Agents. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28073248. [PMID: 37050010 PMCID: PMC10096123 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28073248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2023] [Revised: 04/01/2023] [Accepted: 04/04/2023] [Indexed: 04/08/2023] Open
Abstract
A series of novel double-angularly condensed diquinothiazines with aminoalkyl, amidoalkyl, sulfonamidoalkyl, and substituted phenyl groups was designed, synthesized, and evaluated for their anticancer activity against four selected human tumor cell lines (HTC116, SH-SY5Y, A549, and H1299). The cytotoxicity of the novel diquinothiazines was investigated against BEAS-2B cells. The activities of the compounds were compared to etoposide. Among them, compounds with aminoalkyl and phenyl groups showed excellent broad-spectrum anticancer activity. The most active 14-(methylthiophenyl)diquinothiazine, 3c, showed low cytotoxicity against BEAS-2B cells and high activity against tumor cell lines HTC116, SH-SY5Y, A549, and H1299, with IC50 values of 2.3 µM, 2.7 µM, 17.2 µM, and 2.7 µM, respectively (etopiside 8.6 µM, 3.9 µM, 44.8 µM, and 0.6, respectively). Live long-term microscopic observations of cell survival using the starting molecule M0 were also performed. Flow cytometry showed the proapoptotic effects of the studied diquinothiazines. Inhibition of the cell cycle in the S phase was observed, which is associated with damage to nucleic acids and connected to DNA replication arrest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Małgorzata Jeleń
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences in Sosnowiec, The Medical University of Silesia, Jagiellońska 4, 41-200 Sosnowiec, Poland
| | - Krystian Pluta
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences in Sosnowiec, The Medical University of Silesia, Jagiellońska 4, 41-200 Sosnowiec, Poland
| | - Małgorzata Szmielew
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences in Sosnowiec, The Medical University of Silesia, Jagiellońska 4, 41-200 Sosnowiec, Poland
| | - Beata Morak-Młodawska
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences in Sosnowiec, The Medical University of Silesia, Jagiellońska 4, 41-200 Sosnowiec, Poland
| | - Kinga Herman
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Bioorganic Chemistry and Biotechnology, Faculty of Chemistry, Silesian University of Technology, Krzywoustego Street 4, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland
| | - Klaudia Giercuszkiewicz
- Department of Systems Biology and Engineering, The Silesian University of Technology, Akademicka Street 16, 44–100 Gliwice, Poland
| | - Anna Kasprzycka
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Bioorganic Chemistry and Biotechnology, Faculty of Chemistry, Silesian University of Technology, Krzywoustego Street 4, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland
- Centre of Biotechnology, Silesian University of Technology, Krzywoustego Street 8, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland
| | - Magdalena Skonieczna
- Department of Systems Biology and Engineering, The Silesian University of Technology, Akademicka Street 16, 44–100 Gliwice, Poland
- Centre of Biotechnology, Silesian University of Technology, Krzywoustego Street 8, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland
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2
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Bourgeois B, Koloski C, Foley-Eby A, Zinck CB, Hurry G, Boulanger N, Voordouw MJ. Clobetasol increases the abundance of Borrelia burgdorferi in the skin 70 times more in male mice compared to female mice. Ticks Tick Borne Dis 2022; 13:102058. [PMID: 36288683 DOI: 10.1016/j.ttbdis.2022.102058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2022] [Revised: 10/11/2022] [Accepted: 10/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Lyme borreliosis is caused by the spirochete Borrelia burgdorferi and is transmitted among vertebrate hosts by Ixodes scapularis ticks in eastern North America. Treatment with topical corticosteroids increases the abundance of B. burgdorferi in the skin of lab mice that have been experimentally infected via needle inoculation. In the present study, female and male C3H/HeJ mice were infected with B. burgdorferi via nymphal tick bite. Infected mice were treated with clobetasol on the skin of the right hindleg on days 35 and 36 post-infection and euthanized at days -2, 1, 3, 5, and 7 post-treatment; a group of control mice was infected but not treated with clobetasol. The spirochete abundance was quantified in 8 mouse tissues including bladder, heart, left hindleg skin, right hindleg skin, dorsal skin, ventral skin, left ear and right ear. Averaged across the 8 mouse tissues, the abundance of B. burgdorferi on days 3 and 5 were 21.4x and 14.4x higher in mice treated with clobetasol compared to the untreated control mice, but there were large differences among tissues. There was a dramatic sex-specific effect of the clobetasol treatment; the peak abundance of B. burgdorferi in the skin (left hindleg, right hindleg, dorsal, ventral) was 72.6x higher in male mice compared to female mice. In contrast, there was little difference between the sexes in the tissue spirochete load in the ears, bladder, and heart. Topical application of clobetasol could increase the sensitivity of direct diagnostic methods (e.g., culture, PCR) to detect B. burgdorferi in host skin biopsies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brooklyn Bourgeois
- Department of Veterinary Microbiology, Western College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Canada
| | - Cody Koloski
- Department of Veterinary Microbiology, Western College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Canada
| | - Alexandra Foley-Eby
- Department of Veterinary Microbiology, Western College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Canada
| | - Christopher B Zinck
- Department of Veterinary Microbiology, Western College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Canada
| | - Georgia Hurry
- Department of Veterinary Microbiology, Western College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Canada
| | - Nathalie Boulanger
- UR7290, Virulence bactérienne précoce, groupe Borréliose de Lyme, Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg, Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France; National French Reference Center Borrelia, Strasbourg Hospital, France
| | - Maarten J Voordouw
- Department of Veterinary Microbiology, Western College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Canada.
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Cheng CY, Lin YK, Yang SC, Alalaiwe A, Lin CJ, Fang JY, Lin CF. Percutaneous absorption of resveratrol and its oligomers to relieve psoriasiform lesions: In silico, in vitro and in vivo evaluations. Int J Pharm 2020; 585:119507. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2020.119507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2020] [Revised: 05/27/2020] [Accepted: 06/02/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Artym J, Kocięba M, Zaczyńska E, Zimecki M, Kałas W, Strządała L, Pawlak A, Jeleń M, Morak-Młodawska B, Pluta K, Kaleta-Kuratewicz K, Madej JP, Kuropka P, Kuryszko J. Therapeutic effects of an azaphenothiazine derivative in mouse experimental colitis. Histol Histopathol 2019; 35:691-699. [PMID: 31833559 DOI: 10.14670/hh-18-192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Phenothiazines represent a class of compounds of potential therapeutic utility. In this report we evaluated therapeutic value of an azaphenothiazine derivative, 6-acetylaminobutyl-9-chloroquino[3,2-b]benzo[1,4]thiazine (QBT), given intragastrically, in the model of dextran sodium sulfate-induced colitis in C57BL/6 mice using 5-aminosalicylic acid (5-ASA) as a reference drug. Colitis symptoms such as body weight loss, diarrhea and hematochezia (blood in stool) were observed and registered and disease activity index (DAI) was calculated. In addition, weight and cell numbers in the lymphatic organs and histological parameters of the colon wall were analyzed. The effects of QBT on viability of colon epithelial cell lines were also determined. We showed that weight and cell number of draining mesenteric lymph nodes were lower in mice treated with QBT in comparison to their control counterparts. The number of thymocytes, drastically reduced in control mice, was elevated in mice treated with the compounds with a significant effect of 5-ASA. In addition, an abnormal composition of blood cell types was partially corrected in these groups. Histological analysis of the colon revealed that the pathological changes were partially normalized by QBT and even to a higher degree by 5-ASA. In conclusion we demonstrated a therapeutic efficacy of the compound in amelioration of local and systemic pathological changes associated with chemically-induced colitis in mice. A possible mechanism of action of the compound is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jolanta Artym
- Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Maja Kocięba
- Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Ewa Zaczyńska
- Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Michał Zimecki
- Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, Wrocław, Poland.
| | - Wojciech Kałas
- Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Leon Strządała
- Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Alicja Pawlak
- Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Małgorzata Jeleń
- Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences in Sosnowiec, Department of Organic Chemistry, Sosnowiec, Poland
| | - Beata Morak-Młodawska
- Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences in Sosnowiec, Department of Organic Chemistry, Sosnowiec, Poland
| | - Krystian Pluta
- Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences in Sosnowiec, Department of Organic Chemistry, Sosnowiec, Poland
| | | | - Jan P Madej
- University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Division of Histology and Embryology, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Piotr Kuropka
- University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Division of Histology and Embryology, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Jan Kuryszko
- University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Division of Histology and Embryology, Wrocław, Poland
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Weng JR, Huang TH, Lin ZC, Alalaiwe A, Fang JY. Cutaneous delivery of [1-(4-chloro-3-nitrobenzenesulfonyl)-1H-indol-3-yl]-methanol, an indole-3-carbinol derivative, mitigates psoriasiform lesion by blocking MAPK/NF-κB/AP-1 activation. Biomed Pharmacother 2019; 119:109398. [PMID: 31493747 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2019.109398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2019] [Revised: 08/20/2019] [Accepted: 08/28/2019] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
[1-(4-chloro-3-nitrobenzenesulfonyl)-1H-indol-3-yl]-methanol (CIM) has been used as a bioactive agent for inhibiting tumor growth and angiogenesis via mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) and NF-κB blocking. The present work was undertaken to investigate the potential of CIM against psoriasis using imiquimod (IMQ)-stimulated psoriasis-like mouse and in vitro HaCaT keratinocytes as the models. We demonstrated that topical CIM treatment reduced IMQ-activated scaling, erythema, and barrier dysfunction. This compound also restrained the recruitment of neutrophils. The cytokines, including TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, and IL-17 in psoriasiform skin, can be attenuated to normal baseline by CIM. Topically applied CIM can be easily delivered into skin based on the affinity with stratum corneum (SC) ceramides. IMQ intervention increased the permeability by 3-fold as compared to healthy skin. CIM ameliorated psoriatic lesion without incurring overt signs of irritation. Both TNF-α and IMQ were employed as the stimulators to activate HaCaT for reciprocal elucidation of the mechanism of action. CIM inhibited the overexpression of IL-1β, IL-6, and IL-24 in HaCaT. CIM exerted anti-inflammatory activity by suppressing the phosphorylation of NF-κB and activator protein-1 (AP-1) through MAPK pathways. Our results indicate that CIM has potential as the antipsoriatic molecule. The detailed signaling pathways still need further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing-Ru Weng
- Department of Marine Biotechnology and Resources, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Doctoral Degree Program in Marine Biotechnology, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Tse-Hung Huang
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Keelung, Taiwan; School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chang Gung University, Kweishan, Taoyuan, Taiwane; Graduate Institute of Health Industry Technology, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Kweishan, Taoyuan, Taiwan; School of Nursing, National Taipei University of Nursing and Health Sciences, Taipei, Taiwang
| | - Zih-Chan Lin
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Chang Gung University, Kweishan, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Ahmed Alalaiwe
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al Kharj, Saudi Arabia
| | - Jia-You Fang
- Pharmaceutics Laboratory, Graduate Institute of Natural Products, Chang Gung University, Kweishan, Taoyuan, Taiwan; Research Center for Food and Cosmetic Safety and Research Center for Chinese Herbal Medicine, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Kweishan, Taoyuan, Taiwan; Department of Anesthesiology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kweishan, Taoyuan, Taiwan.
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Jeleń M, Pluta K, Latocha M, Morak-Młodawska B, Suwińska K, Kuśmierz D. Evaluation of angularly condensed diquinothiazines as potential anticancer agents. Bioorg Chem 2019; 87:810-820. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2019.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2019] [Revised: 03/28/2019] [Accepted: 04/05/2019] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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Artym J, Kocięba M, Zaczyńska E, Kochanowska I, Zimecki M, Kałas W, Strządała L, Zioło E, Jeleń M, Morak-Młodawska B, Pluta K. Prolongation of skin graft survival in mice by an azaphenothiazine derivative. Immunol Lett 2019; 208:1-7. [PMID: 30825456 DOI: 10.1016/j.imlet.2019.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2018] [Revised: 02/06/2019] [Accepted: 02/26/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Azaphenothiazines are predominantly immunosuppressive compounds. We evaluated the efficacy of an azaphenothiazine derivative, 6-chloroethylureidoethyldiquino[3,2-b;2',3'-e][1,4]thiazine (DQT) in prolongation of survival of skin allografts between BALB/c and C57Bl/6 mice. The mice were treated intraperitoneally (i.p.) with 100 μg of DQT on alternate days, on days 1-13 of the experiment (7 doses). The effect of DQT on a two-way mixed lymphocyte reaction (MLR) in the human model, as well as its effect on production of TNF α and IL-10 in a whole blood cell culture, stimulated by lipopolysaccharide (LPS), were evaluated. In addition, DQT effects were investigated regarding the proportion of T cell subsets in human peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBMC) by flow cytometry. Lastly, the effect of DQT on expression of signaling molecules involved in pro apoptotic pathways was determined by RT PCR. The results showed that DQT significantly extended skin graft survival. The compound also strongly suppressed two-way MLR in the human model at a concentration range of 2.5-5.0 μM. In addition, DQT inhibited LPS-inducible TNF α, but not IL-10 production. The compound preferentially caused a loss of the CD3-CD8+CD11b + PBMC cell subset, and transformed CD3+CD8+high into CD3+CD8+low cells. Lastly, we demonstrated significant increases in expression of caspases (in particular caspase 8) and of p53 in a culture of Jurkat T cells. We conclude that the immunosuppressive actions of the compound in allograft rejection may be predominantly associated with induction of cell apoptosis and inhibition of TNF α production. The apoptosis could be predominantly selective for the CD3-CD8+CD11b + cell phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jolanta Artym
- Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, R. Weigla Str. 12, 53-114, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Maja Kocięba
- Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, R. Weigla Str. 12, 53-114, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Ewa Zaczyńska
- Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, R. Weigla Str. 12, 53-114, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Iwona Kochanowska
- Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, R. Weigla Str. 12, 53-114, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Michał Zimecki
- Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, R. Weigla Str. 12, 53-114, Wrocław, Poland.
| | - Wojciech Kałas
- Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, R. Weigla Str. 12, 53-114, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Leon Strządała
- Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, R. Weigla Str. 12, 53-114, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Ewa Zioło
- Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, R. Weigla Str. 12, 53-114, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Małgorzata Jeleń
- The Medical University of Silesia, School of Pharmacy with the Division of Laboratory Medicine, Department of Organic Chemistry, Jagiellońska 4 Str, 41-200, Sosnowiec, Poland
| | - Beata Morak-Młodawska
- The Medical University of Silesia, School of Pharmacy with the Division of Laboratory Medicine, Department of Organic Chemistry, Jagiellońska 4 Str, 41-200, Sosnowiec, Poland
| | - Krystian Pluta
- The Medical University of Silesia, School of Pharmacy with the Division of Laboratory Medicine, Department of Organic Chemistry, Jagiellońska 4 Str, 41-200, Sosnowiec, Poland
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Strzadala L, Fiedorowicz A, Wysokinska E, Ziolo E, Grudzień M, Jelen M, Pluta K, Morak-Mlodawska B, Zimecki M, Kalas W. An Anti-Inflammatory Azaphenothiazine Inhibits Interferon β Expression and CXCL10 Production in KERTr Cells. Molecules 2018; 23:molecules23102443. [PMID: 30250011 PMCID: PMC6222831 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23102443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2018] [Revised: 09/21/2018] [Accepted: 09/21/2018] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
An azaphenothiazine derivative, 6-chloroethylureidoethyldiquino[3,2-b;2′,3′-e][1,4]thiazine (DQT), has recently been shown to exhibit immunosuppressive activities in mouse models. It also inhibited the expression of CXCL10 at the protein level, at non-toxic concentrations, in the culture of KERTr cells treated with double-stranded RNA, poly(I:C). In this report, we demonstrated that DQT inhibits the transcription of the CXCL10 gene. Although CXCL10 is an IFNγ-inducible protein, we found that the CXCL10 protein was induced without the detectable release of IFNγ or IκB degradation. Hence, we concluded that IFNγ or NFκB was not involved in the regulation of the CXCL10 gene in KERTr cells transfected with poly(I:C), nor in the inhibitory activity of DQT. On the other hand, we found that IFNβ was induced under the same conditions and that its expression was inhibited by DQT. Kinetic analysis showed that an increase in IFNβ concentrations occurred 4–8 h after poly(I:C) treatment, while the concentration of CXCL10 was undetectable at that time and started to increase later, when IFNβ reached high levels. Therefore, DQT may be regarded as a new promising inhibitor of IFNβ expression and IFNβ-dependent downstream genes and proteins, e.g., CXCL10 chemokine, which is implicated in the pathogenesis of autoimmune diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leon Strzadala
- Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Weigla 12, 53-114 Wroclaw, Poland.
| | - Anna Fiedorowicz
- Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Weigla 12, 53-114 Wroclaw, Poland.
| | - Edyta Wysokinska
- Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Weigla 12, 53-114 Wroclaw, Poland.
| | - Ewa Ziolo
- Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Weigla 12, 53-114 Wroclaw, Poland.
| | - Małgorzata Grudzień
- Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Weigla 12, 53-114 Wroclaw, Poland.
| | - Malgorzata Jelen
- Department of Organic Chemistry, School of Pharmacy with the Division of Laboratory Medicine, The Medical University of Silesia, Jagiellońska 4, 41-200 Sosnowiec, Poland.
| | - Krystian Pluta
- Department of Organic Chemistry, School of Pharmacy with the Division of Laboratory Medicine, The Medical University of Silesia, Jagiellońska 4, 41-200 Sosnowiec, Poland.
| | - Beata Morak-Mlodawska
- Department of Organic Chemistry, School of Pharmacy with the Division of Laboratory Medicine, The Medical University of Silesia, Jagiellońska 4, 41-200 Sosnowiec, Poland.
| | - Michal Zimecki
- Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Weigla 12, 53-114 Wroclaw, Poland.
| | - Wojciech Kalas
- Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Weigla 12, 53-114 Wroclaw, Poland.
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