1
|
Sánchez-Gloria JL, Rada KM, Juárez-Rojas JG, Sánchez-Lozada LG, Rubio-Gayosso I, Sánchez-Muñoz F, Osorio-Alonso H. Role of Sulfur Compounds in Garlic as Potential Therapeutic Option for Inflammation and Oxidative Stress in Asthma. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232415599. [PMID: 36555240 PMCID: PMC9779154 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232415599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2022] [Revised: 11/17/2022] [Accepted: 11/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Asthma is a chronic inflammatory disease in the airways with a multifactorial origin but with inflammation and oxidative stress as related pathogenic mechanisms. Garlic (Allium sativum) is a nutraceutical with different biological properties due to sulfur-containing natural compounds. Studies have shown that several compounds in garlic may have beneficial effects on cardiovascular diseases, including those related to the lungs. Therefore, it is possible to take advantage of the compounds from garlic as nutraceuticals for treating lung diseases. The objective of this article is to review the biological properties of the sulfur compounds present in garlic for the treatment of asthma, as well as the cellular mechanisms involved. Here, we discuss the potential therapeutic effects of garlic compounds in the modulation of inflammation and oxidative stress, as well as its antibiotic and antiviral activities for identifying and testing potential treatment options for asthma management.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- José L. Sánchez-Gloria
- Sección de Estudios de Posgrado, Escuela Superior de Medicina, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Mexico City 11340, Mexico
- Departamento de Inmunología, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología Ignacio Chávez, Mexico City 14080, Mexico
| | - Karla M. Rada
- Sección de Estudios de Posgrado, Escuela Superior de Medicina, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Mexico City 11340, Mexico
- Departamento de Inmunología, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología Ignacio Chávez, Mexico City 14080, Mexico
| | - Juan G. Juárez-Rojas
- Departamento de Endocrinología, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología Ignacio Chávez, Mexico City 14080, Mexico
| | - Laura G. Sánchez-Lozada
- Departamento de Fisiopatología Cardio-Renal, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología Ignacio Chávez, Mexico City 14080, Mexico
| | - Ivan Rubio-Gayosso
- Sección de Estudios de Posgrado, Escuela Superior de Medicina, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Mexico City 11340, Mexico
| | - Fausto Sánchez-Muñoz
- Departamento de Inmunología, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología Ignacio Chávez, Mexico City 14080, Mexico
| | - Horacio Osorio-Alonso
- Departamento de Fisiopatología Cardio-Renal, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología Ignacio Chávez, Mexico City 14080, Mexico
- Correspondence: or
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Implications of nasal delivery of bromelain on its pharmacokinetics, tissue distribution and pharmacodynamic profile-A preclinical study. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0277849. [PMID: 36399461 PMCID: PMC9674142 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0277849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2022] [Accepted: 11/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Asthma is a polygenic chronic inflammatory respiratory disease devastating the quality of life and state economies. Therefore, utilization of natural products as a therapeutic approach has attained wider consideration for development of novel drugs for asthma management. Bromelain, a mixture of natural bioactive cysteine proteases abundantly found in pineapple stem, has allured attention for its pharmacological activities. However, poor stability in gastric milieu, high dose and immunogenicity associated with prolonged use hinders its oral use. Therefore, need exists to explore alternative route of bromelain administration to achieve its plausible benefits. The present study investigated the preclinical prospects of nasal administration of bromelain on systemic bioavailability, tissue distribution and it's in vivo anti-histaminic, bronchodilator and anti-asthmatic activity in animal models. Pharmacokinetic studies revealed 1.43-fold higher relative bioavailability with faster absorption of bromelain on nasal administration at one-fourth oral dose. The enhanced cellular uptake and localization of bromelain in tissues of lung was observed significantly. Furthermore, faster onset and enhanced antihistaminic, bronchodilator and anti-asthmatic activity on bromelain's nasal administration signified faster absorption and higher in vivo stability of bromelain. Nasal administration significantly achieved decrease in level of oxidative and immunological markers along with restoration of antioxidant enzymes at considerably one-fourth dose administered orally. These findings distinctly manifested that nasal administration could be a substantial and effective route for bromelain delivery with enduring competency in asthma management.
Collapse
|
3
|
Effect of the Administration of a Nutraceutical Supplement in Racehorses with Lower Airway Inflammation. Animals (Basel) 2022; 12:ani12182479. [PMID: 36139339 PMCID: PMC9495102 DOI: 10.3390/ani12182479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2022] [Revised: 08/31/2022] [Accepted: 09/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Mild−moderate equine asthma (MEA) is a chronic inflammatory disorder of the lower airways of the horse, characterized by tracheal mucus accumulation, cough and poor performance. The therapeutic approach is based on pharmacological treatment and environmental management. Moreover, the efficacy of the administration of antioxidant molecules has been reported. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of the administration of a commercial nutraceutical supplement, composed of several herbal extracts, on lower airway inflammation in racehorses. Twelve Thoroughbreds affected by MEA were selected. All horses underwent a clinical examination with assignment of a clinical score, airway endoscopy and cytological examination of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid. In seven horses, the supplement was administered for 21 days in association with environmental changes, while in five horses only environmental changes were performed. All procedures were repeated at the end of the study. Data concerning the clinical score, the endoscopic scores and the cytology at the beginning and at the end of the study were statistically compared. Data showed a significant reduction (p < 0.0156) of the clinical score and a significant reduction (p < 0.0156) of the tracheal mucus score. The results showed the beneficial effect of the supplement on mild−moderate lower airway inflammation, probably due to its antioxidant activity.
Collapse
|
4
|
Yudhistira B, Punthi F, Lin JA, Sulaimana AS, Chang CK, Hsieh CW. S-Allyl cysteine in garlic (Allium sativum): Formation, biofunction, and resistance to food processing for value-added product development. Compr Rev Food Sci Food Saf 2022; 21:2665-2687. [PMID: 35355410 DOI: 10.1111/1541-4337.12937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2021] [Revised: 01/25/2022] [Accepted: 02/18/2022] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
S-allyl cysteine (SAC), which is the most abundant bioactive compound in black garlic (BG; Allium sativum), has been shown to have antioxidant, anti-apoptotic, anti-inflammatory, anti-obesity, cardioprotective, neuroprotective, and hepatoprotective activities. Sulfur compounds are the most distinctive bioactive elements in garlic. Previous studies have provided evidence that the concentration of SAC in fresh garlic is in the range of 19.0-1736.3 μg/g. Meanwhile, for processed garlic, such as frozen and thawed garlic, pickled garlic, fermented garlic extract, and BG, the SAC content increased to up to 8021.2 μg/g. BG is an SAC-containing product, with heat treatment being used in nearly all methods of BG production. Therefore, strategies to increase the SAC level in garlic are of great interest; however, further knowledge is required about the effect of processing factors and mechanistic changes. This review explains the formation of SAC in garlic, introduces its biological effects, and summarizes the recent advances in processing methods that can affect SAC levels in garlic, including heat treatment, enzymatic treatment, freezing, fermentation, ultrasonic treatment, and high hydrostatic pressure. Thus, the aim of this review was to summarize the outcomes of treatment aimed at maintaining or increasing SAC levels in BG. Therefore, publications from scientific databases in this field of study were examined. The effects of processing methods on SAC compounds were evaluated on the basis of the SAC content. This review provides information on the processing approaches that can assist food manufacturers in the development of value-added garlic products.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bara Yudhistira
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung City, Taiwan, Republic of China.,Department of Food Science and Technology, Sebelas Maret Univeristy, Surakarta City, Central Java, Indonesia
| | - Fuangfah Punthi
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung City, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Jer-An Lin
- Graduate Institute of Food Safety, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung City, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | | | - Chao-Kai Chang
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung City, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Chang-Wei Hsieh
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung City, Taiwan, Republic of China.,Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung City, Taiwan, Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Ohmic heating pretreatment accelerates black garlic processing. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2021.112218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
|
6
|
Effects of Allium cepa and Its Constituents on Respiratory and Allergic Disorders: A Comprehensive Review of Experimental and Clinical Evidence. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2021; 2021:5554259. [PMID: 34552650 PMCID: PMC8452398 DOI: 10.1155/2021/5554259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2021] [Revised: 03/10/2021] [Accepted: 08/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
The health benefits of Allium cepa (A. cepa) have been proclaimed for centuries. Various pharmacological and therapeutic effects on respiratory, allergic, and immunologic disorders are shown by A. cepa and its constituents. Flavonoids such as quercetin and kaempferol, alk(en)yl cysteine sulfoxides including S-methyl cysteine sulfoxide and S-propyl cysteine sulfoxide, cycloalliin, thiosulfinates, and sulfides are the main compounds of the plant. A. cepa displays broad-spectrum pharmacological activities including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antihypertensive, and antidiabetic effects. Our objective in this review is to present the effects of A. cepa and its constituents on respiratory, allergic, and immunologic disorders. Different online databases were searched to find articles related to the effect of A. cepa extracts and its constituents on respiratory, allergic, and immunologic disorders until the end of December 2020 using keywords such as onion, A. cepa, constituents of A. cepa, therapeutic effects and pharmacological effects, and respiratory, allergic, and immunologic disorders. Extracts and constituents of A. cepa showed tracheal smooth muscle relaxant effects, indicating possible bronchodilator activities or relieving effects on obstructive respiratory diseases. In experimental animal models of different respiratory diseases, the preventive effect of various extracts and constituents of A. cepa was induced by their antioxidant, immunomodulatory, and anti-inflammatory effects. The preventive effects of the plant and its components on lung disorders induced by exposure to noxious agents as well as lung cancer, lung infection, and allergic and immunologic disorders were also indicated in the experimental and clinical studies. Therefore, this review may be considered a scientific basis for development of therapies using this plant, to improve respiratory, allergic, and immunologic disorders.
Collapse
|
7
|
Immunomodulatory properties of Musa paradisiaca L. inflorescence in Combined Allergic Rhinitis and Asthma Syndrome (CARAS) model towards NFκB pathway inhibition. J Funct Foods 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2021.104540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
|
8
|
Lertnimitphun P, Zhang W, Fu W, Yang B, Zheng C, Yuan M, Zhou H, Zhang X, Pei W, Lu Y, Xu H. Safranal Alleviated OVA-Induced Asthma Model and Inhibits Mast Cell Activation. Front Immunol 2021; 12:585595. [PMID: 34093515 PMCID: PMC8173045 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.585595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2020] [Accepted: 04/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Asthma is a chronic and recurring airway disease, which related to mast cell activation. Many compounds derived from Chinese herbal medicine has promising effects on stabilizing mast cells and decreasing inflammatory mediator production. Safranal, one of the active compounds from Crocus sativus, shows many anti-inflammatory properties. In this study, we evaluated the effect of safranal in ovalbumin (OVA)-induced asthma model. Furthermore, we investigate the effectiveness of safranal on stabilizing mast cell and inhibiting the production of inflammatory mediators in passive systemic anaphylaxis (PSA) model. Methods OVA-induced asthma and PSA model were used to evaluate the effect of safranal in vivo. Lung tissues were collected for H&E, TB, IHC, and PAS staining. ELISA were used to determine level of IgE and chemokines (IL-4, IL-5, TNF-α, and IFN-γ). RNA sequencing was used to uncovers genes that safranal regulate. Bone marrow-derived mast cells (BMMCs) were used to investigate the inhibitory effect and mechanism of safranal. Cytokine production (IL-6, TNF-α, and LTC4) and NF-κB and MAPKs signaling pathway were assessed. Results Safranal reduced the level of serum IgE, the number of mast cells in lung tissue were decreased and Th1/Th2 cytokine levels were normalized in OVA-induced asthma model. Furthermore, safranal inhibited BMMCs degranulation and inhibited the production of LTC4, IL-6, and TNF-α. Safranal inhibits NF-κB and MAPKs pathway protein phosphorylation and decreases NF-κB p65, AP-1 nuclear translocation. In the PSA model, safranal reduced the levels of histamine and LTC4 in serum. Conclusions Safranal alleviates OVA-induced asthma, inhibits mast cell activation and PSA reaction. The possible mechanism occurs through the inhibition of the MAPKs and NF-κB pathways.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Peeraphong Lertnimitphun
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Department of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Huachiew TCM Hospital, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Wenhui Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Wenwei Fu
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Baican Yang
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Changwu Zheng
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Man Yuan
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Hua Zhou
- Shuguang Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xue Zhang
- Saffron Department and International Trade Department, Shanghai Traditional Chinese Medicine Co., Ltd., Shanghai, China
| | - Weizhong Pei
- Saffron Department and International Trade Department, Shanghai Traditional Chinese Medicine Co., Ltd., Shanghai, China
| | - Yue Lu
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Hongxi Xu
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Shuguang Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Lee BW, Ha JH, Ji Y, Jeong SH, Kim JH, Lee J, Park JY, Kwon HJ, Jung K, Kim JC, Ryu YB, Lee IC. Alnus hirsuta (Spach) Rupr. Attenuates Airway Inflammation and Mucus Overproduction in a Murine Model of Ovalbumin-Challenged Asthma. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:614442. [PMID: 33643046 PMCID: PMC7902870 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.614442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2020] [Accepted: 01/05/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Alnus hirsuta (Spach) Rupr. (AH), a member of the Betulaceae family, is widely used in Eastern Asia of as a source of medicinal compounds for the treatment of hemorrhage, diarrhea, and alcoholism. In this study, we investigated the protective effects of a methanolic extract of AH branches against airway inflammation and mucus production in tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α-stimulated NCI-H292 cells and in an ovalbumin (OVA)-challenged allergic asthma mouse model. Female BALB/c mice were injected with OVA (40 μg) and aluminum hydroxide (2 mg) on days 0 and 14 to induce allergic airway inflammation. The mice were then challenged with 1% OVA from days 21–23. Mice were treated with AH (50 and 100 mg/kg/day; 2% DMSO) or dexamethasone (positive control; 3 mg/kg/day) from days 18–23. AH treatment effectively attenuated airway resistance/hyperresponsiveness and reduced levels of T helper type 2 (Th2) cytokines, eotaxins, and number of inflammatory cells in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid, and immunoglobulin E in serums of OVA-challenged mice. In histological analysis, AH treatment significantly inhibited airway inflammation and mucus production in OVA-challenged mice. AH treatment downregulated the phosphorylation of I kappa B-alpha, p65 nuclear factor-kappa B (p65NF-κB), and mitogen-activated protein kinases with suppression of mucin 5AC (MUC5AC) in lung tissue. Moreover, AH treatment decreased the levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines and Th2 cytokines, as well as MUC5AC expression, and inhibited the phosphorylation of p65NF-κB in TNF-α-stimulated NCI-H292 cells. These results indicate that AH might represent a useful therapeutic agent for the treatment of allergic asthma.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ba-Wool Lee
- Functional Biomaterial Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Jeongeup-si, South Korea.,Department of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, South Korea
| | - Ji-Hye Ha
- Functional Biomaterial Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Jeongeup-si, South Korea.,Department of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, South Korea
| | - Yeongseon Ji
- Functional Biomaterial Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Jeongeup-si, South Korea
| | - Seong-Hun Jeong
- Functional Biomaterial Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Jeongeup-si, South Korea
| | - Ju-Hong Kim
- Functional Biomaterial Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Jeongeup-si, South Korea
| | - Jihye Lee
- Functional Biomaterial Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Jeongeup-si, South Korea
| | - Ji-Young Park
- Functional Biomaterial Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Jeongeup-si, South Korea
| | - Hyung-Jun Kwon
- Functional Biomaterial Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Jeongeup-si, South Korea
| | - Kyungsook Jung
- Functional Biomaterial Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Jeongeup-si, South Korea
| | - Jong-Choon Kim
- Department of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, South Korea
| | - Young-Bae Ryu
- Functional Biomaterial Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Jeongeup-si, South Korea
| | - In-Chul Lee
- Functional Biomaterial Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Jeongeup-si, South Korea
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Genome‑wide analysis of DNA methylation and gene expression changes in an ovalbumin‑induced asthma mouse model. Mol Med Rep 2020; 22:1709-1716. [PMID: 32705270 PMCID: PMC7411290 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2020.11245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2019] [Accepted: 02/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to establish an integrated network of DNA methylation and RNA expression in an ovalbumin (OVA)-induced asthma model, and to investigate the epigenetically-regulated genes involved in asthma development. Genome-wide CpG-DNA methylation profiling was conducted through the use of a methylated DNA immunoprecipitation microarray and RNA sequencing was performed using three lung samples from mice with OVA-induced asthma. A total of 35,401 differentially methylated regions (DMRs) were identified between mice with OVA-induced asthma and control mice. Of these, 3,060 were located in promoter regions and 370 of the genes containing these DMRs demonstrated an inverse correlation between methylation and gene expression. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway analysis identified that 368 genes were upregulated or downregulated in OVA-induced asthma samples, including genes involved in ‘chemokine signalling pathway’, ‘focal adhesion’, ‘leukocyte transendothelial migration’ and ‘vascular smooth muscle contraction signaling’ pathways. Integrated network analysis identified four hub genes, consisting of three upregulated genes [forkhead box O1 (FOXO1), SP1 transcription factor (SP1) and amyloid β precursor protein (APP)], and one downregulated gene [RUNX family transcription factor 1 (RUNX1)], all of which demonstrated an association between DNA methylation and gene expression. These genes were highly interconnected nodes in the Ingenuity Pathway Analysis module and were functionally significant. A total of four interconnected hub genes, FOXO1, RUNX1, SP1 and APP, were identified from the integrated DNA methylation and gene expression networks involved in asthma development. These results suggested that modulating these four genes could effectively control the development of asthma.
Collapse
|
11
|
Ahmad R, Khan MA, Srivastava A, Gupta A, Srivastava A, Jafri TR, Siddiqui Z, Chaubey S, Khan T, Srivastava AK. Anticancer Potential of Dietary Natural Products: A Comprehensive Review. Anticancer Agents Med Chem 2020; 20:122-236. [DOI: 10.2174/1871520619666191015103712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2018] [Revised: 06/21/2019] [Accepted: 07/02/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Nature is a rich source of natural drug-like compounds with minimal side effects. Phytochemicals
better known as “Natural Products” are found abundantly in a number of plants. Since time immemorial, spices
have been widely used in Indian cuisine as flavoring and coloring agents. Most of these spices and condiments
are derived from various biodiversity hotspots in India (which contribute 75% of global spice production) and
form the crux of India’s multidiverse and multicultural cuisine. Apart from their aroma, flavor and taste, these
spices and condiments are known to possess several medicinal properties also. Most of these spices are mentioned
in the Ayurveda, the indigenous system of medicine. The antimicrobial, antioxidant, antiproliferative,
antihypertensive and antidiabetic properties of several of these natural products are well documented in
Ayurveda. These phytoconstituemts are known to act as functional immunoboosters, immunomodulators as well
as anti-inflammatory agents. As anticancer agents, their mechanistic action involves cancer cell death via induction
of apoptosis, necrosis and autophagy. The present review provides a comprehensive and collective update
on the potential of 66 commonly used spices as well as their bioactive constituents as anticancer agents. The
review also provides an in-depth update of all major in vitro, in vivo, clinical and pharmacological studies done
on these spices with special emphasis on the potential of these spices and their bioactive constituents as potential
functional foods for prevention, treatment and management of cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rumana Ahmad
- Department of Biochemistry, Era’s Lucknow Medical College & Hospital, Era University, Sarfarazganj, Lucknow-226003, UP, India
| | - Mohsin A. Khan
- Chancellor, Era University, Sarfarazganj, Hardoi Road, Lucknow-226003, UP, India
| | - A.N. Srivastava
- Department of Pathology, Era’s Lucknow Medical College & Hospital, Era University, Sarfarazganj, Lucknow-226003, UP, India
| | - Anamika Gupta
- Department of Biochemistry, Era’s Lucknow Medical College & Hospital, Era University, Sarfarazganj, Lucknow-226003, UP, India
| | - Aditi Srivastava
- Department of Biochemistry, Era’s Lucknow Medical College & Hospital, Era University, Sarfarazganj, Lucknow-226003, UP, India
| | - Tanvir R. Jafri
- Department of Biochemistry, Era’s Lucknow Medical College & Hospital, Era University, Sarfarazganj, Lucknow-226003, UP, India
| | - Zainab Siddiqui
- Department of Pathology, Era’s Lucknow Medical College & Hospital, Era University, Sarfarazganj, Lucknow-226003, UP, India
| | - Sunaina Chaubey
- Department of Biochemistry, Era’s Lucknow Medical College & Hospital, Era University, Sarfarazganj, Lucknow-226003, UP, India
| | - Tahmeena Khan
- Department of Chemistry, Integral University, Dasauli, P.O. Bas-ha, Kursi Road, Lucknow 226026, UP, India
| | - Arvind K. Srivastava
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Era University, Sarfarazganj, Lucknow-226003, UP, India
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Abe K, Hori Y, Myoda T. Volatile compounds of fresh and processed garlic. Exp Ther Med 2019; 19:1585-1593. [PMID: 32010343 PMCID: PMC6966211 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2019.8394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2019] [Accepted: 09/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Garlic is used as a spice in cooking due to its unique aroma. The unique aroma of garlic has attracted considerable attention from scientists. The cloves contain large amounts of sulfur-based substances, which as a consequence of their reactive properties, are converted easily to a variety of volatile compounds during processing. The volatile profiles of processed garlic are influenced by processing conditions, such as temperature, pH and solvent. Numerous studies on these changes in volatile compounds that occur during processing have been reported, with a number of types of sulfur-containing volatile compounds being identified in fresh and processed garlic. This review summarizes the volatile components of fresh and processed garlic, particularly those produced by heating and aging. The pungent odor of fresh garlic is contributed mainly to thiosulfinates and their degradation products. During the heating process of garlic, thiosulfinates are mainly decomposed, and nitrogen-containing volatile compounds, such as pyridines and pyrazines are generated. Aldehydes are dominant compounds in black garlic, while esters and phenols are key aroma compounds in aged garlic extract. The slight variations in chemical reactions during the aging process may lead to differences in the aroma of the two types of garlic.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kazuki Abe
- Laboratory of Aroma Chemistry, Department of Food and Cosmetic Science, Faculty of Bioindustry, Tokyo University of Agriculture, Abashiri, Hokkaido 099-2493, Japan.,Healthcare Research and Development Division, Wakunaga Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd., Akitakata, Hiroshima 739-1195, Japan
| | - Yoji Hori
- Laboratory of Aroma Chemistry, Department of Food and Cosmetic Science, Faculty of Bioindustry, Tokyo University of Agriculture, Abashiri, Hokkaido 099-2493, Japan
| | - Takao Myoda
- Laboratory of Aroma Chemistry, Department of Food and Cosmetic Science, Faculty of Bioindustry, Tokyo University of Agriculture, Abashiri, Hokkaido 099-2493, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Wang Z, Yao N, Fu X, Wei L, Ding M, Pang Y, Liu D, Ren Y, Guo M. Butylphthalide ameliorates airway inflammation and mucus hypersecretion via NF-κB in a murine asthma model. Int Immunopharmacol 2019; 76:105873. [PMID: 31493665 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2019.105873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2019] [Revised: 08/15/2019] [Accepted: 08/30/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Butylphthalide (NBP) is a phthalide compound contained in Angelicae Sinensis Radix which is one of the most widely used traditional Chinese medicines. This study aims to explore the therapeutic effect of NBP on airway inflammation, mucus hypersecretion and their possible mechanism in asthma mice. BALB/c mice were sensitized and challenged with ovalbumin (OVA) for establishment of asthma model and then treated with NBP during day 22-77. The pulmonary function of the mice was determined, and the pathology of lung tissue and goblet cell hyperplasia were observed through analyzing inflammation scores and goblet cell percentage, respectively. Cytokine IL-4, IL-8, IL-13 and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) and total immunogloblin E (T-IgE) and OVA-specific IgE in serum were examined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The expressions of Mucin 5AC (Muc5ac) and nuclear transcription factor-kappa B (NF-κB) in lung tissues were evaluated by immunohistochemistry, western blot and real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). The results show that 50 mg/kg NBP significantly reduced OVA-induced increase in inflammation scoring, goblet cell percentage and mucus secretion of airway tissue, and improved the pulmonary function. NBP could also decrease IL-4, IL-8 IL-13, and TNF-α in BALF and T-IgE and OVA-specific IgE in serum. The expression of Muc5ac and NF-κB in lung tissue was significantly down-regulated after NBP treatment. This study suggested that NBP may effectively inhibit airway inflammation and mucus hypersecretion in asthma by modulating NF-κB activation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhiwang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Pharmacology and Toxicology of Traditional Chinese Medicine of Gansu Province, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, China; School of Pharmacy, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, China.
| | - Nan Yao
- School of Pharmacy, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, China
| | - Xiaoyan Fu
- School of Pharmacy, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, China
| | - Lingxia Wei
- School of Pharmacy, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, China
| | - Maopeng Ding
- School of Pharmacy, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, China
| | - Yarong Pang
- School of Pharmacy, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, China
| | - Dongling Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, China
| | - Yuan Ren
- Key Laboratory of Pharmacology and Toxicology of Traditional Chinese Medicine of Gansu Province, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, China; School of Pharmacy, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, China
| | - Mei Guo
- School of Pharmacy, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, China.
| |
Collapse
|