DSN1 is a prognostic biomarker and correlated with clinical characterize in breast cancer

DSN1 Interaction With Centromere-Associated Proteins Promotes Chromosomal Instability in Hepatocellular Carcinoma

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most prevalent type of liver cancer. Dosage suppressor of NNF1 (DSN1), a component of the MIS12 kinetochore complex, encodes a kinetochore protein crucial for proper mitotic assembly. The role of DSN1 in HCC remains to be elucidated. In this study, we utilized The Cancer Genome Atlas, the Hepatocellular carcinoma Cell Database, and other databases to analyze DSN1 expression and prognosis in samples from patients with HCC. We investigated the signaling pathways regulated by DSN1 and their implications in HCC. Additionally, we engineered siRNA/shRNA and overexpression vectors for DSN1 and assessed the specific mechanisms of regulatory pathways of DSN1 in hepatoma cell lines and subcutaneous tumor xenograft model. Our findings revealed that DSN1 expression was significantly upregulated in patients with HCC, correlating with decreased survival rates. Elevated DSN1 expression led to the overproduction of cell cycle-related proteins through direct interaction with Centromere Protein T. This interaction contributes to chromosomal instability in patients with HCC, resulting in an aberrant cell cycle and fostering the development and progression of HCC. Increased DSN1 expression is pivotal in HCC initiation and progression. Investigating DSN1 offers valuable insights into the pathogenesis, treatment, and prevention of HCC.

DSN1 may predict poor prognosis of lower-grade glioma patients and be a potential target for immunotherapy

DSN1 has been previously found to be positively correlated with various cancers. However, the effect of DSN1 or its methylation on the prognosis, molecular characteristics, and immune cell infiltration of low-grade glioma (LGG) has not yet been studied. We obtained 1046 LGG samples from the The Cancer Genome Atlas, The Chinese Glioma Genome Atlas (CGGA) microarray, and CGGA RNA-Seq databases. Bioinformatic methods (gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA), chi-square test, multivariate), and laboratory validation were used to investigate DSN1 in LGG. The expression levels of DSN1 mRNA and protein in LGG were substantially higher than those in normal brain tissue, and their expression was negatively regulated by methylation. The survival time of patients with low expression of DSN1 and cg12601032 hypermethylation was considerably prolonged. DSN1 was a risk factor, and of good diagnostic and prognostic value for LGG. Importantly, the expression of DSN1 is related to many types of tumor-infiltrating immune cells and has a positive correlation with PDL1. DSN1 promoted the activation of multiple cancer-related pathways, such as the cell cycle. Additionally, knockdown of DSN1 substantially inhibited the proliferation and invasion of LGG cells. To the best of our knowledge, this study is the first comprehensive analysis of the mechanism of DSN1 leading to poor prognosis of LGG, which provides a new perspective for revealing the pathogenesis of LGG. DSN1 or its methylation has diagnostic value for the prognosis of glioma, and may become a new biological target of anti-tumor immunotherapy.

Transcriptomic Analysis of HPV-Positive Oesophageal Tissue Reveals Upregulation of Genes Linked to Cell Cycle and DNA Replication

Human papillomavirus (HPV) is a prevalent sexually transmitted infection, implicated in various cancers, yet its influence in non-cancerous oesophageal tissue remains unclear. This study aims to investigate the gene expression changes associated with high-risk HPV (HR-HPV) in non-cancerous oesophageal tissue to elucidate potential early oncogenic mechanisms. Using RNA sequencing, we compared transcriptomic profiles of HPV-positive and HPV-negative non-cancerous oesophageal tissues. Differential gene expression analysis revealed significant upregulation of cell cycle and DNA replication pathways in HPV-positive samples, specifically involving key genes such as CCNA2, DSN1, and MCM10, which are known to regulate cellular proliferation and genomic stability. Additionally, kinase and transcription factor enrichment analyses highlighted HR-HPV-associated regulatory molecules, including E2F4 and CSNK2A1, suggesting HPV's role in modulating host cell cycle control. These findings support the hypothesis that HPV infection may initiate cellular alterations in oesophageal tissue, potentially predisposing it to malignancy. This study contributes to understanding HPV's impact in non-cancerous tissues and identifies possible biomarkers for early HPV-related cellular changes, offering insights into HPV-driven cancer development beyond traditionally associated sites.

High Expression of RAI14 in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Participates in Immune Recruitment and Implies Poor Prognosis Through Bioinformatics Analyses

Objective: The purpose of current research is to explore the function of retinoic acid-induced protein 14 (RAI14), being a reciprocal protein of carboxypeptidase N1 (CPN1), and as a biomarker for prognosis and immunoregulatory effects in breast cancers.

Methods: Interacting proteins of CPN1 were characterized by co-immunoprecipitation (CO-IP) and mass spectrometry. We evaluated RAI14 expression and related clinical prognosis based on bioinformatics methods. The level of relevance between RAI14 and infiltrating immune cells biomarkers was investigated by using TIMER and certificated by immunohistochemical staining and cytology experiments.

Results: RAI14 is an interacting protein of CPN1. Higher RAI14 expression in TNBC was significantly correlated with poor prognosis in TNBC, especially (RFS: HR = 1.32, p = 0.015; DFS: HR = 1.18, p = 0.035). The estrogen receptor (ER), P53 status, and histological types and triple-negative status were observed and correlated with RAI14 expression. Moreover, the level of RAI14 was positive in relation with the expression of CD163 (M2 macrophages marker, r = 0.393, p = 1.89e-06) and PD-1 (T-cell exhaustion marker, r = 0.626, p = 4.82e-03), indicating RAI14 levels were mainly related to M2 macrophages and T-cell exhaustion infiltration in TNBC. Furthermore, CPN1 overexpression was accompanied by RAI14 and PD-L1 upregulation, and a correlation was found among them.

Conclusions: RAI14 is a potential downstream molecule of CPN1, which may be a potential prognostic biomarker and identification of an immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment in TNBC.