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Aasarey R, Yadav K, Kashyap BK, Prabha S, Kumar P, Kumar A, Ruokolainen J, Kesari KK. Role of Immunological Cells in Hepatocellular Carcinoma Disease and Associated Pathways. ACS Pharmacol Transl Sci 2023; 6:1801-1816. [PMID: 38093838 PMCID: PMC10714437 DOI: 10.1021/acsptsci.3c00216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Revised: 10/12/2023] [Accepted: 10/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/28/2024]
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remains one of the predominant causes of cancer-related mortality across the globe. It is attributed to obesity, excessive alcohol consumption, smoking, and infection by the hepatitis virus. Early diagnosis of HCC is essential, and local treatments such as surgical excision and percutaneous ablation are effective. Palliative systemic therapy, primarily with the tyrosine kinase inhibitor Sorafenib, is used in advanced cases. However, the prognosis for advanced HCC remains poor. This Review additionally describes the pathophysiological mechanisms of HCC, which include aberrant molecular signaling, genomic instability, persistent inflammation, and the paradoxical position of the immune system in promoting and suppressing HCC. The paper concludes by discussing the growing body of research on the relationship between mitochondria and HCC, suggesting that mitochondrial dysfunction may contribute to the progression of HCC. This Review focuses on immunological interactions between different mechanisms of HCC progression, including obesity, viral infection, and alcohol consumption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ram Aasarey
- Department
of Laboratory Medicine, All India Institute
of Medical Science, New Delhi-11029, India
| | - Kajal Yadav
- Department
of Biotechnology, All India Institute of
Medical Science, New Delhi-11029, India
| | - Brijendra Kumar Kashyap
- Department
of Biotechnology Engineering, Institute of Engineering and Technology, Bundelkhand University, Jhansi-284128, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Sarit Prabha
- Department
of Biological Science and Engineering, Maulana
Azad National Institute of Technology, Bhopal-462003, Madhya Pradesh,India
| | - Pramod Kumar
- Indian
Council of Medical Research, National Institute
of Cancer Prevention and Research (NICPR), l-7, Sector-39, Noida-201301, National Capital Region, India
| | - Anil Kumar
- Department
of Life Sciences, School of Natural Sciences, Central University of Jharkhand, Cheri-Manatu, Karmre, Kanke-835222, Ranchi, India
| | - Janne Ruokolainen
- Department
of Applied Physics, School of Science, Aalto
University, FI-00076 Espoo, Finland
| | - Kavindra Kumar Kesari
- Department
of Applied Physics, School of Science, Aalto
University, FI-00076 Espoo, Finland
- Research
and Development Cell, Lovely Professional
University, Phagwara-144411, Punjab, India
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Wang J, Luo LZ, Liang DM, Guo C, Huang ZH, Jian XH, Wen J. Recent progress in understanding mitokines as diagnostic and therapeutic targets in hepatocellular carcinoma. World J Clin Cases 2023; 11:5416-5429. [PMID: 37637689 PMCID: PMC10450380 DOI: 10.12998/wjcc.v11.i23.5416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2023] [Revised: 07/14/2023] [Accepted: 08/03/2023] [Indexed: 08/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most prevalent tumors worldwide and the leading contributor to cancer-related deaths. The progression and metastasis of HCC are closely associated with altered mitochondrial metabolism, including mitochondrial stress response. Mitokines, soluble proteins produced and secreted in response to mitochondrial stress, play an essential immunomodulatory role. Immunotherapy has emerged as a crucial treatment option for HCC. However, a positive response to therapy is typically dependent on the interaction of tumor cells with immune regulation within the tumor microenvironment. Therefore, exploring the specific immunomodulatory mechanisms of mitokines in HCC is essential for improving the efficacy of immunotherapy. This study provides a comprehensive overview of the association between HCC and the immune microenvironment and highlights recent progress in understanding the involvement of mitochondrial function in preserving liver function. In addition, a systematic review of mitokines-mediated immunomodulation in HCC is presented. Finally, the potential diagnostic and therapeutic roles of mitokines in HCC are prospected and summarized. Recent progress in mitokine research represents a new prospect for mitochondrial therapy. Considering the potential of mitokines to regulate immune function, investigating them as a relevant molecular target holds great promise for the diagnosis and treatment of HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiang Wang
- Children Medical Center, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410013, Hunan Province, China
| | - Lan-Zhu Luo
- Children Medical Center, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410013, Hunan Province, China
| | - Dao-Miao Liang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410013, Hunan Province, China
| | - Chao Guo
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410013, Hunan Province, China
| | - Zhi-Hong Huang
- Children Medical Center, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410013, Hunan Province, China
| | - Xiao-Hong Jian
- Department of Anatomy, Hunan Normal University School of Medicine, Changsha 410013, Hunan Province, China
| | - Jie Wen
- Department of Pediatric Orthopedics, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410013, Hunan Province, China
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Hasegawa K, Sakamaki Y, Tamaki M, Wakino S. PCK1 Protects against Mitoribosomal Defects in Diabetic Nephropathy in Mouse Models. J Am Soc Nephrol 2023; 34:1343-1365. [PMID: 37199399 PMCID: PMC10400109 DOI: 10.1681/asn.0000000000000156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2023] [Accepted: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 05/19/2023] Open
Abstract
SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT Renal gluconeogenesis plays an important role in the pathogenesis of diabetic nephropathy (DN). Proximal tubular phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase1 (PEPCK1) is the rate-limiting enzyme in gluconeogenesis. However, the functions of PEPCK1 have not been elucidated. We describe the novel role of PEPCK1 as a mitoribosomal protector using Pck1 transgenic (TG) mice and knockout mice. Pck1 blocks excessive glycolysis by suppressing the upregulation of excess HK2 (the rate-limiting enzyme of glycolysis). Notably, Pck1 overexpression retains mitoribosomal function and suppresses renal fibrosis. The renal and mitoribosomal protective roles of Pck1 may provide important clues for understanding DN pathogenesis and provide novel therapeutic targets. BACKGROUND Phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (PEPCK) is part of the gluconeogenesis pathway, which maintains fasting glucose levels and affects renal physiology. PEPCK consists of two isoforms-PEPCK1 and PEPCK2-that the Pck1 and Pck2 genes encode. Gluconeogenesis increases in diabetic nephropathy (DN), escalating fasting and postprandial glucose levels. Sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors increase hepatic and renal gluconeogenesis. We used genetically modified mice to investigate whether renal gluconeogenesis and Pck1 activity are renoprotective in DN. METHODS We investigated the expression of Pck1 in the proximal tubule (PTs) of streptozotocin (STZ)-treated diabetic mice. We studied the phenotypic changes in PT-specific transgenic (TG) mice and PT-specific Pck1 conditional knockout (CKO) mice. RESULTS The expression of Pck1 in PTs was downregulated in STZ-treated diabetic mice when they exhibited albuminuria. TG mice overexpressing Pck1 had improved albuminuria, concomitant with the mitigation of PT cell apoptosis and deposition of peritubular type IV collagen. Moreover, CKO mice exhibited PT cell apoptosis and type IV collagen deposition, findings also observed in STZ-treated mice. Renal fibrotic changes in CKO mice were associated with increasing defects in mitochondrial ribosomes (mitoribosomes). The TG mice were protected against STZ-induced mitoribosomal defects. CONCLUSION PCK1 preserves mitoribosomal function and may play a novel protective role in DN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuhiro Hasegawa
- Department of Nephrology, Tokushima University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Yusuke Sakamaki
- Department of Internal Medicine, Tokyo Dental College, Ichikawa General Hospital, Chiba, Japan
| | - Masanori Tamaki
- Department of Nephrology, Tokushima University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Shu Wakino
- Department of Nephrology, Tokushima University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima, Japan
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Gao X, Xu M, Wang H, Xia Z, Sun H, Liu M, Zhao S, Yang F, Niu Z, Gao H, Zhu H, Lu J, Zhou X. Development and validation of a mitochondrial energy metabolism-related risk model in hepatocellular carcinoma. Gene 2023; 855:147133. [PMID: 36565797 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2022.147133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2022] [Revised: 12/01/2022] [Accepted: 12/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most prevalent cancers and ranks third inmortality. Mitochondria are the energy manufacturers of cells. Disruption of mitochondrial energy metabolism pathways is strongly correlated with the onset and progression of HCC. Aberrant genes in mitochondrial energy metabolism pathways may represent a unique diagnostic and therapeutic targets that act as indicators for HCC. METHODS Gene expression data from 374 HCC patients and 50 controls were acquired from TCGA database. A total of 188 mitochondrial energy metabolism-related genes (MMRGs) were obtained from KEGG PATHWAY database. A total of 368 patients with survival data were randomly split into training and validation groups in a 7: 3 ratio. Prognosis-related MMRGs were selected by univariate Cox and LASSO analyses. Kaplan-Meier and ROC curves were employed to analyze the model precision, whereas the validation set was used for model verification. Furthermore, clinical examinations, immune infiltration analysis, GSVA, and immunotherapy analysis were conducted in the high- and low-risk groups. Finally, the risk model was combined with the clinical variables of HCC patients to perform univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses to obtain independent risk indicators and draw a nomogram. Therefore, we evaluated the accuracy of the predictions using calibration curves. RESULTS A total of 6032 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were detected in the HCC and control samples. After overlapping DEGs with 188 MMRGs, 42 mitochondrial energy metabolism-related DEGs (DEMMRGs) were identified. A 17 specific genes-based risk score model of HCC was created, which revealed effectiveness in each TCGA training and validation dataset. Moreover, patients categorized by risk scores exhibited distinct immune infiltration status, immunotherapy responsiveness, and functional properties. Finally, univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses revealed that risk score and stage T were independent predictive variables. Based on the T stage and risk score, a nomogram for estimating the survival of HCC patients was created. The calibration curves demonstrated that the prediction model had a high level of accuracy. CONCLUSIONS Our study constructed a mitochondrial energy metabolism-related risk model, that may be utilized to anticipate HCC prognosis and represent the immunological microenvironment of HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Gao
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Shandong University, 250021 Jinan, China
| | - Mingyue Xu
- Department of Endocrinology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, 250012 Jinan, China
| | - Heng Wang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Shandong University, 250021 Jinan, China
| | - Zhaozhi Xia
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, 250021 Jinan, China
| | - Hongrui Sun
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, 250021 Jinan, China
| | - Meng Liu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, 250021 Jinan, China
| | - Shuchao Zhao
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, 250021 Jinan, China
| | - Faji Yang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, 250021 Jinan, China
| | - Zheyu Niu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, 250021 Jinan, China
| | - Hengjun Gao
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Shandong University, 250021 Jinan, China; Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, 250021 Jinan, China
| | - Huaqiang Zhu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Shandong University, 250021 Jinan, China; Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, 250021 Jinan, China
| | - Jun Lu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Shandong University, 250021 Jinan, China; Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, 250021 Jinan, China
| | - Xu Zhou
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Shandong University, 250021 Jinan, China; Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, 250021 Jinan, China.
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5
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Lan C, Huang X, Liao X, Zhou X, Peng K, Wei Y, Han C, Peng T, Wang J, Zhu G. PUS1 May Be a Potential Prognostic Biomarker and Therapeutic Target for Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Pharmgenomics Pers Med 2023; 16:337-355. [PMID: 37091827 PMCID: PMC10115212 DOI: 10.2147/pgpm.s405621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2023] [Accepted: 03/31/2023] [Indexed: 04/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective The mechanisms of pseudouridine synthase (PUS) are not definite in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), the objective of this study is to investigate the effect of PUS genes in HCC. Materials and Methods Differentially expressed and prognostic gene of PUS enzymes was identified based on The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA), International Cancer Genome Consortium (ICGC) and Gene Expression Profiling Interactive Analysis (GEPIA) databases. For the identified gene, pseudouridine synthase 1 (PUS1), was used for further research. The clinicopathological feature of PUS1 was analyzed by Student's t-test. Prognostic significance was explored by Kaplan-Meier (KM) analysis and Cox proportional hazards regression model. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was applied to appraise diagnostic and prognostic value. The Database for Annotation, Visualization, and Integrated Discovery (DAVID) and Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA) were implemented to explore mechanism of PUS1. A Guangxi cohort was applied to verify differential expression. In vitro cell experiments were implemented to investigate the influence for proliferation, reactive oxygen species (ROS) level, migration, and invasion of HCC cells after a knockdown of PUS1. Results PUS1 was significantly overexpressed in HCC tissues, and patients with high PUS1 were related to unpromising clinicopathological features. Survival analysis revealed high PUS1 expression was associated with a poor overall survival (OS) and 1 year-recurrence free survival (RFS), was an independent risk factor. Meanwhile, ROC curve showed that PUS1 had a diagnostic and prognostic significance to HCC. Functional enrichment analysis implied that PUS1 may be involved in metabolic pathways, mitochondrial function, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), and some important carcinogenic pathways. Cell assays revealed that knockdown of PUS1 significantly constrained the migration, proliferation, invasion and improved the ROS level of HCC cells. Conclusion PUS1 may be a prognostic biomarker and a underlying treatment target for HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenlu Lan
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, People’s Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of High-Incidence-Tumor Prevention & Treatment (Guangxi Medical University), Ministry of Education, Nanning, 530021, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xinlei Huang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, People’s Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of High-Incidence-Tumor Prevention & Treatment (Guangxi Medical University), Ministry of Education, Nanning, 530021, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiwen Liao
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, People’s Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of High-Incidence-Tumor Prevention & Treatment (Guangxi Medical University), Ministry of Education, Nanning, 530021, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xin Zhou
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, People’s Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of High-Incidence-Tumor Prevention & Treatment (Guangxi Medical University), Ministry of Education, Nanning, 530021, People’s Republic of China
| | - Kai Peng
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, People’s Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of High-Incidence-Tumor Prevention & Treatment (Guangxi Medical University), Ministry of Education, Nanning, 530021, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yongguang Wei
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, People’s Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of High-Incidence-Tumor Prevention & Treatment (Guangxi Medical University), Ministry of Education, Nanning, 530021, People’s Republic of China
| | - Chuangye Han
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, People’s Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of High-Incidence-Tumor Prevention & Treatment (Guangxi Medical University), Ministry of Education, Nanning, 530021, People’s Republic of China
| | - Tao Peng
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, People’s Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of High-Incidence-Tumor Prevention & Treatment (Guangxi Medical University), Ministry of Education, Nanning, 530021, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jianyao Wang
- Department of General Surgery, Shenzhen Children’s Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, People’s Republic of China
- Jianyao Wang, Department of General Surgery, Shenzhen Children’s Hospital, Lianhua District, Shenzhen, 518026, Guangdong Province, People’s Republic of China, Email
| | - Guangzhi Zhu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, People’s Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of High-Incidence-Tumor Prevention & Treatment (Guangxi Medical University), Ministry of Education, Nanning, 530021, People’s Republic of China
- Correspondence: Guangzhi Zhu, Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, People’s Republic of China, Tel +86-771-5356528, Fax +86-771-5350031, Email
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6
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Song BS, Moon JS, Tian J, Lee HY, Sim BC, Kim SH, Kang SG, Kim JT, Nga HT, Benfeitas R, Kim Y, Park S, Wolfe RR, Eun HS, Shong M, Lee S, Kim IY, Yi HS. Mitoribosomal defects aggravate liver cancer via aberrant glycolytic flux and T cell exhaustion. J Immunother Cancer 2022; 10:jitc-2021-004337. [PMID: 35580931 PMCID: PMC9114962 DOI: 10.1136/jitc-2021-004337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mitochondria are involved in cancer energy metabolism, although the mechanisms underlying the involvement of mitoribosomal dysfunction in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remain poorly understood. Here, we investigated the effects of mitoribosomal impairment-mediated alterations on the immunometabolic characteristics of liver cancer. METHODS We used a mouse model of HCC, liver tissues from patients with HCC, and datasets from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) to elucidate the relationship between mitoribosomal proteins (MRPs) and HCC. In a mouse model, we selectively disrupted expression of the mitochondrial ribosomal protein CR6-interacting factor 1 (CRIF1) in hepatocytes to determine the impact of hepatocyte-specific impairment of mitoribosomal function on liver cancer progression. The metabolism and immunophenotype of liver cancer was assessed by glucose flux assays and flow cytometry, respectively. RESULTS Single-cell RNA-seq analysis of tumor tissue and TCGA HCC transcriptome analysis identified mitochondrial defects associated with high-MRP expression and poor survival outcomes. In the mouse model, hepatocyte-specific disruption of the mitochondrial ribosomal protein CRIF1 revealed the impact of mitoribosomal dysfunction on liver cancer progression. Crif1 deficiency promoted programmed cell death protein 1 expression by immune cells in the hepatic tumor microenvironment. A [U-13C6]-glucose tracer demonstrated enhanced glucose entry into the tricarboxylic acid cycle and lactate production in mice with mitoribosomal defects during cancer progression. Mice with hepatic mitoribosomal defects also exhibited enhanced progression of liver cancer accompanied by highly exhausted tumor-infiltrating T cells. Crif1 deficiency induced an environment unfavorable to T cells, leading to exhaustion of T cells via elevation of reactive oxygen species and lactate production. CONCLUSIONS Hepatic mitoribosomal defects promote glucose partitioning toward glycolytic flux and lactate synthesis, leading to T cell exhaustion and cancer progression. Overall, the results suggest a distinct role for mitoribosomes in regulating the immunometabolic microenvironment during HCC progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Byong-Sop Song
- Department of Core Laboratory of Translational Research, Biomedical Convergence Research Center, Chungnam National University Hospital, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Ji Sun Moon
- Laboratory of Endocrinology and Immune System, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Jingwen Tian
- Laboratory of Endocrinology and Immune System, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, South Korea.,Department of Medical Science, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Ho Yeop Lee
- Laboratory of Endocrinology and Immune System, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, South Korea.,Department of Medical Science, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Byeong Chang Sim
- Laboratory of Endocrinology and Immune System, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, South Korea.,Department of Medical Science, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Seok-Hwan Kim
- Department of Surgery, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Seul Gi Kang
- Department of Medical Science, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Jung Tae Kim
- Department of Medical Science, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Ha Thi Nga
- Laboratory of Endocrinology and Immune System, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, South Korea.,Department of Medical Science, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Rui Benfeitas
- National Bioinformatics Infrastructure Sweden (NBIS), Science for Life Laboratory, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Yeongmin Kim
- Department of Health Sciences and Technology, Gachon Advanced Institute for Health Sciences & Technology (GAIHST), Incheon, South Korea
| | - Sanghee Park
- Department of Molecular Medicine, College of Medicine, Gachon University, Incheon, South Korea
| | - Robert R Wolfe
- Department of Geriatrics, the Center for Translational Research in Aging & Longevity, Donald W. Reynolds Institute on Aging, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, USA
| | - Hyuk Soo Eun
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Minho Shong
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Sunjae Lee
- School of Life Sciences, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju, South Korea
| | - Il-Young Kim
- Department of Health Sciences and Technology, Gachon Advanced Institute for Health Sciences & Technology (GAIHST), Incheon, South Korea .,Department of Molecular Medicine, College of Medicine, Gachon University, Incheon, South Korea
| | - Hyon-Seung Yi
- Department of Core Laboratory of Translational Research, Biomedical Convergence Research Center, Chungnam National University Hospital, Daejeon, South Korea .,Laboratory of Endocrinology and Immune System, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, South Korea.,Department of Medical Science, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, South Korea.,Department of Internal Medicine, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, South Korea
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MRPS31 loss is a key driver of mitochondrial deregulation and hepatocellular carcinoma aggressiveness. Cell Death Dis 2021; 12:1076. [PMID: 34772924 PMCID: PMC8589861 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-021-04370-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2021] [Revised: 10/18/2021] [Accepted: 10/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Deregulated mitochondrial energetics is a metabolic hallmark of cancer cells. However, the causative mechanism of the bioenergetic deregulation is not clear. In this study, we show that somatic copy number alteration (SCNA) of mitoribosomal protein (MRP) genes is a key mechanism of bioenergetic deregulation in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Association analysis between the genomic and transcriptomic profiles of 82 MRPs using The Cancer Genome Atlas-Liver HCC database identified eight key SCNA-dependent MRPs: MRPS31, MRPL10, MRPL21, MRPL15, MRPL13, MRPL55, and DAP3. MRPS31 was the only downregulated MRP harboring a DNA copy number (DCN) loss. MRPS31 loss was associated specifically with the DCN losses of many genes on chromosome 13q. Survival analysis revealed a unique dependency of HCC on the MRPS31 deficiency, showing poor clinical outcome. Subclass prediction analysis using several public classifiers indicated that MRPS31 loss is linked to aggressive HCC phenotypes. By employing hepatoma cell lines with SCNA-dependent MRPS31 expression (JHH5, HepG2, Hep3B, and SNU449), we demonstrated that MRPS31 deficiency is the key mechanism, disturbing the whole mitoribosome assembly. MRPS31 suppression enhanced hepatoma cell invasiveness by augmenting MMP7 and COL1A1 expression. Unlike the action of MMP7 on extracellular matrix destruction, COL1A1 modulated invasiveness via the ZEB1-mediated epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition. Finally, MRPS31 expression further stratified the high COL1A1/DDR1-expressing HCC groups into high and low overall survival, indicating that MRPS31 loss is a promising prognostic marker. SIGNIFICANCE: Our results provide new mechanistic insight for mitochondrial deregulation in HCC and present MRPS31 as a novel biomarker of HCC malignancy.
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Mitochondrial Metabolic Signatures in Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Cells 2021; 10:cells10081901. [PMID: 34440674 PMCID: PMC8391498 DOI: 10.3390/cells10081901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2021] [Revised: 07/18/2021] [Accepted: 07/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the leading causes of cancer death worldwide. HCC progression and metastasis are closely related to altered mitochondrial metabolism, including mitochondrial stress responses, metabolic reprogramming, and mitoribosomal defects. Mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) defects and reactive oxygen species (ROS) production are attributed to mitochondrial dysfunction. In response to oxidative stress caused by increased ROS production, misfolded or unfolded proteins can accumulate in the mitochondrial matrix, leading to initiation of the mitochondrial unfolded protein response (UPRmt). The mitokines FGF21 and GDF15 are upregulated during UPRmt and their levels are positively correlated with liver cancer development, progression, and metastasis. In addition, mitoribosome biogenesis is important for the regulation of mitochondrial respiration, cell viability, and differentiation. Mitoribosomal defects cause OXPHOS impairment, mitochondrial dysfunction, and increased production of ROS, which are associated with HCC progression in mouse models and human HCC patients. In this paper, we focus on the role of mitochondrial metabolic signatures in the development and progression of HCC. Furthermore, we provide a comprehensive review of cell autonomous and cell non-autonomous mitochondrial stress responses during HCC progression and metastasis.
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9
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Sato Y, Yoshino H, Kashiwakura I, Tsuruga E. DAP3 Is Involved in Modulation of Cellular Radiation Response by RIG-I-Like Receptor Agonist in Human Lung Adenocarcinoma Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:E420. [PMID: 33401559 PMCID: PMC7795940 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22010420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2020] [Revised: 12/28/2020] [Accepted: 12/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Retinoic acid-inducible gene-I (RIG-I)-like receptors (RLRs) mediate anti-viral response through mitochondria. In addition, RLR activation induces anti-tumor effects on various cancers. We previously reported that the RLR agonist Poly(I:C)-HMW/LyoVec™ (Poly(I:C)) enhanced radiosensitivity and that cotreatment with Poly(I:C) and ionizing radiation (IR) more than additively increased cell death in lung adenocarcinoma cells, indicating that Poly(I:C) modulates the cellular radiation response. However, it remains unclear how mitochondria are involved in the modulation of this response. Here, we investigated the involvement of mitochondrial dynamics and mitochondrial ribosome protein death-associated protein 3 (DAP3) in the modulation of cellular radiation response by Poly(I:C) in A549 and H1299 human lung adenocarcinoma cell lines. Western blotting revealed that Poly(I:C) decreased the expression of mitochondrial dynamics-related proteins and DAP3. In addition, siRNA experiments showed that DAP3, and not mitochondrial dynamics, is involved in the resistance of lung adenocarcinoma cells to IR-induced cell death. Finally, we revealed that a more-than-additive effect of cotreatment with Poly(I:C) and IR on increasing cell death was diluted by DAP3-knockdown because of an increase in cell death induced by IR alone. Together, our findings suggest that RLR agonist Poly(I:C) modulates the cellular radiation response of lung adenocarcinoma cells by downregulating DAP3 expression.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Hironori Yoshino
- Department of Radiation Science, Graduate School of Health Sciences, Hirosaki University, Hirosaki, Aomori 036-8564, Japan; (Y.S.); (I.K.); (E.T.)
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