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White CW, Platt S, Kilpatrick LE, Dale N, Abhayawardana RS, Dekkers S, Kindon ND, Kellam B, Stocks MJ, Pfleger KDG, Hill SJ. CXCL17 is an allosteric inhibitor of CXCR4 through a mechanism of action involving glycosaminoglycans. Sci Signal 2024; 17:eabl3758. [PMID: 38502733 PMCID: PMC7615768 DOI: 10.1126/scisignal.abl3758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2021] [Accepted: 02/29/2024] [Indexed: 03/21/2024]
Abstract
CXCL17 is a chemokine principally expressed by mucosal tissues, where it facilitates chemotaxis of monocytes, dendritic cells, and macrophages and has antimicrobial properties. CXCL17 is also implicated in the pathology of inflammatory disorders and progression of several cancers, and its expression is increased during viral infections of the lung. However, the exact role of CXCL17 in health and disease requires further investigation, and there is a need for confirmed molecular targets mediating CXCL17 functional responses. Using a range of bioluminescence resonance energy transfer (BRET)-based assays, here we demonstrated that CXCL17 inhibited CXCR4-mediated signaling and ligand binding. Moreover, CXCL17 interacted with neuropillin-1, a VEGFR2 coreceptor. In addition, we found that CXCL17 only inhibited CXCR4 ligand binding in intact cells and demonstrated that this effect was mimicked by known glycosaminoglycan binders, surfen and protamine sulfate. Disruption of putative GAG binding domains in CXCL17 prevented CXCR4 binding. This indicated that CXCL17 inhibited CXCR4 by a mechanism of action that potentially required the presence of a glycosaminoglycan-containing accessory protein. Together, our results revealed that CXCL17 is an endogenous inhibitor of CXCR4 and represents the next step in our understanding of the function of CXCL17 and regulation of CXCR4 signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carl W. White
- Cell Signalling and Pharmacology Research Group, Division of Physiology, Pharmacology & Neuroscience, School of Life Sciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2UH, United Kingdom
- Centre of Membrane Proteins and Receptors, University of Birmingham and University of Nottingham, The Midlands, UK
- Harry Perkins Institute of Medical Research and Centre for Medical Research, The University of Western Australia, QEII Medical Centre, Nedlands, Western Australia 6009, Australia
- Australian Research Council Centre for Personalised Therapeutics Technologies, Australia
- Dimerix Limited, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Simon Platt
- Cell Signalling and Pharmacology Research Group, Division of Physiology, Pharmacology & Neuroscience, School of Life Sciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2UH, United Kingdom
- Centre of Membrane Proteins and Receptors, University of Birmingham and University of Nottingham, The Midlands, UK
| | - Laura E. Kilpatrick
- Centre of Membrane Proteins and Receptors, University of Birmingham and University of Nottingham, The Midlands, UK
- School of Pharmacy, Biodiscovery Institute, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, United Kingdom
| | - Natasha Dale
- Harry Perkins Institute of Medical Research and Centre for Medical Research, The University of Western Australia, QEII Medical Centre, Nedlands, Western Australia 6009, Australia
- Australian Research Council Centre for Personalised Therapeutics Technologies, Australia
| | - Rekhati S. Abhayawardana
- Harry Perkins Institute of Medical Research and Centre for Medical Research, The University of Western Australia, QEII Medical Centre, Nedlands, Western Australia 6009, Australia
- Australian Research Council Centre for Personalised Therapeutics Technologies, Australia
| | - Sebastian Dekkers
- Cell Signalling and Pharmacology Research Group, Division of Physiology, Pharmacology & Neuroscience, School of Life Sciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2UH, United Kingdom
- Centre of Membrane Proteins and Receptors, University of Birmingham and University of Nottingham, The Midlands, UK
- School of Pharmacy, Biodiscovery Institute, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, United Kingdom
| | - Nicholas D Kindon
- Centre of Membrane Proteins and Receptors, University of Birmingham and University of Nottingham, The Midlands, UK
- School of Pharmacy, Biodiscovery Institute, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, United Kingdom
| | - Barrie Kellam
- Centre of Membrane Proteins and Receptors, University of Birmingham and University of Nottingham, The Midlands, UK
- School of Pharmacy, Biodiscovery Institute, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, United Kingdom
| | - Michael J Stocks
- School of Pharmacy, Biodiscovery Institute, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, United Kingdom
| | - Kevin D. G. Pfleger
- Harry Perkins Institute of Medical Research and Centre for Medical Research, The University of Western Australia, QEII Medical Centre, Nedlands, Western Australia 6009, Australia
- Australian Research Council Centre for Personalised Therapeutics Technologies, Australia
- Dimerix Limited, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Stephen J. Hill
- Cell Signalling and Pharmacology Research Group, Division of Physiology, Pharmacology & Neuroscience, School of Life Sciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2UH, United Kingdom
- Centre of Membrane Proteins and Receptors, University of Birmingham and University of Nottingham, The Midlands, UK
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Sánchez-tirado E, Agüí L, González-cortés A, Yáñez-sedeño P, Pingarrón JM. Biodetection Techniques for Quantification of Chemokines. Chemosensors 2022; 10:294. [DOI: 10.3390/chemosensors10080294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Chemokines are a class of cytokine whose special properties, together with their involvement and relevant role in various diseases, make them a restricted group of biomarkers suitable for diagnosis and monitoring. Despite their importance, biodetection techniques dedicated to the selective determination of one or more chemokines are very scarce. For some years now, the critical diagnosis of inflammatory diseases by detecting both cytokine and chemokine biomarkers, has had a strong impact on the development of multiple detection platforms. However, it would be desirable to implement methodologies with a higher degree of selectivity for chemokines, in order to provide more precise information. In addition, better development of biosensor technology applied to this specific field would make it possible to address the main challenges of detection methods for several diseases with a high incidence in the population, avoiding high costs and low sensitivity. Taking this into account, this review aims to present the state of the art of chemokine biodetection techniques and emphasize the role of these systems in the prevention, monitoring and treatment of various diseases associated with chemokines as a starting point for future developments that are also analyzed throughout the article.
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Chen B, Li Y, Xu F, Yang X. Powerful CRISPR-Based Biosensing Techniques and Their Integration With Microfluidic Platforms. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2022; 10:851712. [PMID: 35284406 PMCID: PMC8905290 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2022.851712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2022] [Accepted: 01/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
In the fight against the worldwide pandemic coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), simple, rapid, and sensitive tools for nucleic acid detection are in urgent need. PCR has been a classic method for nucleic acid detection with high sensitivity and specificity. However, this method still has essential limitations due to the dependence on thermal cycling, which requires costly equipment, professional technicians, and long turnover times. Currently, clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)-based biosensors have been developed as powerful tools for nucleic acid detection. Moreover, the CRISPR method can be performed at physiological temperature, meaning that it is easy to assemble into point-of-care devices. Microfluidic chips hold promises to integrate sample processing and analysis on a chip, reducing the consumption of sample and reagent and increasing the detection throughput. This review provides an overview of recent advances in the development of CRISPR-based biosensing techniques and their perfect combination with microfluidic platforms. New opportunities and challenges for the improvement of specificity and efficiency signal amplification are outlined. Furthermore, their various applications in healthcare, animal husbandry, agriculture, and forestry are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bing Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Ya Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Feng Xu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Feng Xu, ; Xiaonan Yang,
| | - Xiaonan Yang
- Institute of Intelligent Sensing, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Feng Xu, ; Xiaonan Yang,
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