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Yang H, Chen J, Liu S, Xue Y, Li Z, Wang T, Jiao L, An Q, Liu B, Wang J, Zhao H. Exosomes From IgE-Stimulated Mast Cells Aggravate Asthma-Mediated Atherosclerosis Through circRNA CDR1as-Mediated Endothelial Cell Dysfunction in Mice. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2024; 44:e99-e115. [PMID: 38235556 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.123.319756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2023] [Accepted: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 01/19/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND IgE has been known for mediating endothelial cell dysfunction and mast cell (MC) activation to fuel asthma-aggravated high-fat diet-induced atherosclerosis. However, it remains unclear for the mechanism of asthma-mediated atherosclerosis, especially the potential involvement of IgE in the exacerbation of asthma-mediated atherosclerosis with a standard laboratory diet, and the cross talk between endothelial cells and MCs. METHODS Asthma-mediated atherosclerosis mice models under a standard laboratory diet and FcεR1 knock-out mice were used to determine the role of IgE-FcεR1 signaling in asthma-mediated atherosclerosis, which was assessed by Oil Red O staining and immunohistochemistry. Various in vitro assays including nanoparticle tracking analysis and transmission electron microscopy were used to evaluate exosome characteristics. Immunofluorescence and fluorescent in situ hybridization approaches were used to evaluate the effect and mechanism of MC-secreted exosomes encapsulated circular RNA CDR1as (cerebellar degeneration-related 1 antisense) on endothelial cells in vivo and in vitro. Finally, cohort studies examined the plasma CDR1as levels in patients with atherosclerosis with or without allergies. RESULTS Asthma mice with a standard laboratory diet showed increased atherosclerotic lesions and inflammatory infiltration depending on IgE-FcεR1 signal. FcεR1 knockout mice and blockage of IgE-FcεR1 signaling with IgE monoclonal antibody, omalizumab, all significantly alleviated asthma-mediated atherosclerosis and vascular inflammatory remodeling. Anti-inflammation with dexamethasone and stabilization of MC with cromolyn partially alleviated atherosclerotic lesions and mitigated the inflammatory infiltration in arteries. Mechanistically, IgE stimulation upregulates MC CDR1as expression in exosomes and upregulates the endothelial cell adhesive factors VCAM-1 (vascular cell adhesion molecule-1) and ICAM-1 (intercellular adhesion molecule-1) via the CDR1as-FUS (fused in sarcoma)-phos-p65 axis. Knockdown of CDR1as in vivo significantly decreased the endothelial adhesion function and mitigated asthma-mediated atherosclerosis. Furthermore, a cohort study indicated higher plasma CDR1as levels in patients with atherosclerosis with allergies than in patients with atherosclerosis and healthy controls. CONCLUSIONS Exosomes from IgE-stimulated MCs aggravated atherosclerosis through circular RNA CDR1as-mediated endothelial dysfunction, providing a novel insight into asthma-mediated atherosclerosis and potential diagnostic and therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongqin Yang
- Department of Pathophysiology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China (H.Y., J.C., S.L., Y.X., Z.L., J.W., H.Z.)
| | - Junye Chen
- Department of Pathophysiology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China (H.Y., J.C., S.L., Y.X., Z.L., J.W., H.Z.)
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China (J.C., B.L.)
| | - Siyang Liu
- Department of Pathophysiology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China (H.Y., J.C., S.L., Y.X., Z.L., J.W., H.Z.)
| | - Yunfei Xue
- Department of Pathophysiology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China (H.Y., J.C., S.L., Y.X., Z.L., J.W., H.Z.)
| | - Zhiwei Li
- Department of Pathophysiology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China (H.Y., J.C., S.L., Y.X., Z.L., J.W., H.Z.)
| | - Tao Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery and Interventional Neuroradiology, Xuanwu Hospital, China International Neuroscience Institute, Capital Medical University, National Center for Neurological Disorders, Beijing (T.W., L.J.)
| | - Liqun Jiao
- Department of Neurosurgery and Interventional Neuroradiology, Xuanwu Hospital, China International Neuroscience Institute, Capital Medical University, National Center for Neurological Disorders, Beijing (T.W., L.J.)
| | - Qi An
- Department of General Surgery, Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology (Q.A.)
- Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China (Q.A.)
| | - Bao Liu
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China (J.C., B.L.)
| | - Jing Wang
- Department of Pathophysiology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China (H.Y., J.C., S.L., Y.X., Z.L., J.W., H.Z.)
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Health and Multimorbidity, Beijing, China (J.W.)
| | - Hongmei Zhao
- Department of Pathophysiology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China (H.Y., J.C., S.L., Y.X., Z.L., J.W., H.Z.)
- State Key Laboratory of Complex, Severe, and Rare Diseases, Beijing, China (H.Z.)
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Aldakheel FM, Alruwaili ZA, Alduraywish SA, Alshammary AF, Mateen A, Syed R, John J. Immune cell ratio and coagulation markers in assessing prognosis of asthma: a cross-sectional study from Saudi Arabia. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1206636. [PMID: 37529042 PMCID: PMC10389040 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1206636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2023] [Accepted: 06/19/2023] [Indexed: 08/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Asthma affects a significant number of individuals in Saudi Arabia, with increasing prevalence worldwide, leading to a considerable impact on their quality of life and frequent hospitalizations. In this study, we aimed to explore the relationship between the immune cell ratio and coagulation markers, specifically to identify the occurrence of coagulation abnormalities associated with asthma. To achieve this, we assessed asthma history and severity using a questionnaire while analyzing coagulation biomarkers through venous blood samples. The biomarkers examined included d-dimer, prothrombin time (PT), partial thromboplastin time (PTT), and the international normalized ratio (INR). In addition, we evaluated various hematological parameters such as blood cell counts and hemoglobin (HGB) levels. Our findings revealed compelling evidence, showing significantly elevated levels of d-dimer and the eosinophil-to-neutrophil (ENR) ratio in asthma cases compared to the controls. Moreover, we observed a positive correlation between d-dimer levels and the ENR, with each unit increase in d-dimer associated with a 0.0006 increase in the ENR among asthma cases. These results highlight the potential of assessing ENR and d-dimer levels as predictive indicators for disease prognosis and the development of coagulation abnormalities in individuals with asthma. By shedding light on the relationship between immune cell ratios and coagulation markers in the context of asthma, our study contributes to a better understanding of disease progression and the associated complications. These insights can potentially lead to improved management strategies and better outcomes for asthma patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fahad M. Aldakheel
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- Prince Sattam Chair for Epidemiology and Public Health Research, Department of Family and Community Medicine, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Zamil A. Alruwaili
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Shatha A. Alduraywish
- Prince Sattam Chair for Epidemiology and Public Health Research, Department of Family and Community Medicine, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Family and Community Medicine, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Amal F. Alshammary
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ayesha Mateen
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rabbani Syed
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - James John
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, School of Allied Health Science, Sathyabama Institute of Science and Technology, Chennai, India
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Bonnesen B, Sivapalan P, Kristensen AK, Lassen MCH, Skaarup KG, Rastoder E, Sørensen R, Eklöf J, Biering-Sørensen T, Jensen JUS. Major cardiovascular events in patients with severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease with and without asthma: a nationwide cohort study. ERJ Open Res 2022; 8:00200-2022. [PMID: 36171987 PMCID: PMC9511138 DOI: 10.1183/23120541.00200-2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2022] [Accepted: 07/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Chronic low-grade inflammation as in asthma may lead to a higher risk of cardiovascular events. We evaluated whether patients with COPD and asthma have a higher risk of acute cardiovascular events than patients with COPD without asthma. Methods Nationwide multicentre retrospective cohort study of Danish outpatients with a specialist diagnosis of COPD with or without asthma. Patients with both COPD and asthma were propensity-score matched 1:2 to patients with COPD without asthma. The primary end-point was severe major adverse cardiac events (MACE), defined as mortal cardiovascular events and events requiring revascularisation or hospitalisation. Results A total of 52 386 Danish patients with COPD were included; 34.7% had pre-existing cardiovascular disease, and 20.1% had asthma in addition to their COPD. Patients with pre-existing cardiovascular disease were then propensity-score matched: 3690 patients with COPD and asthma versus 7236 patients with COPD without asthma, and similarly, for patients without pre-existing cardiovascular disease (6775 matched with 13 205). The risk of MACE was higher among patients with asthma and COPD versus COPD without asthma: hazard ratio (HR) 1.25 (95% CI 1.13–1.39, p<0.0001) for patients with pre-existing cardiovascular disease and HR 1.22 (95% CI 1.06–1.41, p=0.005) for patients without pre-existing cardiovascular disease. Conclusion Among patients with COPD, asthma as a comorbid condition is associated with substantially increased risk of cardiovascular events. The signal was an increased risk of 20–25%. Based on our study and other smaller studies, asthma can be considered a risk factor for cardiovascular events among COPD patients. Among patients with COPD and pre-existing cardiovascular disease, asthma as a comorbid condition is associated with substantially increased risk of cardiovascular events.https://bit.ly/3uEtA3r
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Fang ZH, Li ZF, An ZY, Huang SC, Hao MD, Zhang WX. Meta-Analysis of the Association Between Asthma and the Risk of Stroke. Front Neurol 2022; 13:900438. [PMID: 35812117 PMCID: PMC9263265 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2022.900438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2022] [Accepted: 05/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
IntroductionAsthma and stroke share many risk factors. Previous meta-analysis has indicated that asthma is associated with an increased risk of stroke. However, this study were limited by the small number of articles included and the lack of subgroup analyses of different stroke types and different populations. This meta-analysis aimed to synthesize evidence systematically to investigate the impact of asthma on stroke.MethodsWe searched Medline (via PubMed), Web of Science and EMBASE databases and manually identified eligible studies (inception dates to December 25, 2021) that analyzed the association between asthma and stroke. We conducted quality assessment to evaluate the risk of bias of studies and sensitivity analyses to test the robustness of results.ResultsWe included 8 cohort studies and 10 cross-sectional studies comprised 3,011,016 participants. We found patients with asthma had a higher risk of stroke than patients without asthma [relative risk (RR): 1.34, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.21–1.47]. Moreover, asthma significantly increased the risk of ischemic stroke (RR: 1.25, 95% CI: 1.06–1.47) without increasing the risk of hemorrhagic stroke (RR: 1.08, 95% CI: 0.87–1.34). Asthma increased the risk of stroke in both men (RR: 1.20, 95% CI: 1.10–1.32) and women (RR: 1.29, 95% CI: 1.12–1.48) with no significant difference between the sexes. We also found that patients with inactive asthma, child-onset asthma, or no smoking history did not have an increased risk of stroke.ConclusionsThese results supported the finding that asthma could significantly increase the risk of stroke, but this impact was not consistent in different populations.Systematic Review Registrationhttps://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/display_record.php?RecordID=290745, identifier: CRD42021290745.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng-Hua Fang
- The First People's Hospital of Jiande, Hangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Zheng-Hua Fang
| | - Zhi-Fei Li
- Aerospace Center Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Zhuo-Yu An
- Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China
| | | | | | - Wei-Xing Zhang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First People's Hospital of Jiande, Hangzhou, China
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Serum Proteomic Profile of Asthmatic Patients after Six Months of Benralizumab and Mepolizumab Treatment. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10040761. [PMID: 35453511 PMCID: PMC9027545 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10040761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2022] [Revised: 03/05/2022] [Accepted: 03/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Severe eosinophilic asthma is characterized by chronic airway inflammation, oxidative stress, and elevated proinflammatory cytokines, especially IL-5. Mepolizumab and benralizumab are both humanized IgG antibodies directed against IL-5 signaling, directly acting on eosinophils count. Together with the complexity of severe asthma classification and patient selection for the targeted treatment, there is also the urgency to clarify the follow-up of therapy to identify biomarkers, in addition to eosinophils, for the optimal duration of treatment, persistence of effectiveness, and safety. To this purpose, here we performed a follow-up study using differential proteomic analysis on serum samples after 1 and 6 months of both therapies and sera from healthy patients. Statistical analysis by PCA and heatmap analyses were performed, and identified proteins were used for enrichment analysis by MetaCore software. The analysis highlighted 82 differences among all considered conditions. In particular, 30 referred to benralizumab time point (T0, T1B, T6B) and 24 to mepolizumab time point (T0, T1M, T6M) analyses. t-SNE and heatmap analyses evidence that the differential serum protein profile at 6 months of both treatments is more similar to that of the healthy subjects. Among the identified proteins, APOAI, APOC-II, and APOC-III are upregulated principally after 6 months of benralizumab treatment, plasminogen is upregulated after 6 months of both treatments and ceruloplasmin, upregulated already after 1 month of benralizumab, becoming higher after 6 months of mepolizumab. Using enrichment analysis, identified proteins were related to lipid metabolism and transport, blood coagulation, and ECM remodeling.
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Su WQ, Fu YZ, Liu SY, Cao MJ, Xue YB, Suo FF, Liu WC. Eosinophilia complicated with venous thromboembolism: A case report. World J Clin Cases 2022; 10:1952-1960. [PMID: 35317148 PMCID: PMC8891765 DOI: 10.12998/wjcc.v10.i6.1952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2021] [Revised: 12/01/2021] [Accepted: 01/20/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Eosinophilia is an increase of more than 0.5 × 109/L in the number of eosinophils; it is a systemic condition with an unknown etiology and is often accompanied by multiple impaired organ functions. The clinical manifestations of the disease are highly variable and diverse, rendering identification of the diagnosis challenging; hence, diagnosis and treatment are often delayed. Very few reports of this disease exist globally, especially with rare manifestations of cerebral venous sinus thrombosis and hemorrhage.
CASE SUMMARY A 32-year-old woman with eosinophilia presented to the hospital with bilateral lower-limb edema as the first clinical manifestation, followed by an extensive maculopapular rash throughout the body. She subsequently developed cerebral venous sinus thrombosis along with bilateral lower-limb deep vein thrombosis. Two weeks earlier, she had received a single course of antibiotics from a local hospital for a low-grade fever and sore throat. After various treatments were administered for anticoagulation, maintaining blood circulation, and relieving blood stasis, the lower extremity edema improved significantly; however, the patient’s eosinophil count gradually increased. She experienced cerebral venous sinus thrombosis, cerebral hemorrhage, and deep vein thrombosis of the lower limbs before being declared brain dead. In this case report, we have elaborated the diagnosis and management of deep vein thrombosis manifested as eosinophilia, thrombocytopenia, and elevated D-dimer levels.
CONCLUSION Because proper diagnosis is challenging, clinical vigilance is required for patients with eosinophilia, as it can lead to thrombus formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Qiang Su
- Department of Vascular Surgery, The Second People’s Hospital of Jiaozuo City, Jiaozuo 454000, Henan Province, China
| | - Yan-Zhong Fu
- Department of Vascular Surgery, The Second People’s Hospital of Jiaozuo City, Jiaozuo 454000, Henan Province, China
| | - Shu-Yan Liu
- Department of Endocrine, The Second People’s Hospital of Jiaozuo City, Jiaozuo 454000, Henan Province, China
| | - Meng-Jie Cao
- Department of Neurology, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050000, Hebei Province, China
| | - Ya-Bin Xue
- Department of Vascular Surgery, The Second People’s Hospital of Jiaozuo City, Jiaozuo 454000, Henan Province, China
| | - Fei-Fei Suo
- Department of Vascular Surgery, The Second People’s Hospital of Jiaozuo City, Jiaozuo 454000, Henan Province, China
| | - Wen-Chao Liu
- Clinical Laboratory, The Second People’s Hospital of Jiaozuo City, Jiaozuo 454000, Henan Province, China
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Xue CX, Yao YF, Lv H, Cheng L, Jing JH. Efficacy and Safety of Postoperative Intravenous Tranexamic Acid in Total Knee Arthroplasty: A Prospective Randomized Controlled Study. Orthop Surg 2021; 13:2227-2235. [PMID: 34668331 PMCID: PMC8654654 DOI: 10.1111/os.13045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2020] [Revised: 03/21/2021] [Accepted: 04/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective To assess the efficacy and safety of postoperative intravenous tranexamic acid (TXA) in patients undergoing total knee arthroplasty (TKA). Methods From March 2020 to August 2020, all patients undergoing primary unilateral TKA in our hospital were considered in prospective randomized controlled study. Included patients were randomized into three groups to receive either two doses of 15 mg/kg intravenous TXA postoperatively, at 2 and 24 h after closing the incision (group A), or a single dose of 15 mg/kg intravenous TXA 2 h postoperatively (group B), or placebo (group C). The calculated total blood loss (TBL) and hidden blood loss (HBL), incidence of venous thromboembolism (VTE), and transfusion rate were compared among groups. The levels of prothrombotic state parameters including thrombomodulin (TM), thrombin‐anti‐thrombin complex (TAT), plasmin‐anti‐plasmin complex (PIC), and tissue‐type plasminogen activator‐plasminogen activator inhibitor complex (t‐PAI·C) in plasma were measured during the perioperative period. Patients were compared depending on the Kellgren‐Lawrence classification (K‐L types III and IV). Results All patients were followed up for at least 4 weeks. The mean TBL and HBL in group C (1,182.45 ± 160.50; and 965.47 ± 139.61 mL, respectively) were significantly higher than those in groups A (944.34 ± 130.88 mL, P < 0.05; and 712.45 ± 129.82mL, P < 0.05, respectively) or B (995.20 ± 154.00 mL, P < 0.05; and 757.20 ± 134.39 mL, P < 0.05, respectively), but no significant differences were found between groups A and B (P > 0.05 and P > 0.05, respectively). None of the patients of three groups received blood transfusion, so there were no significant differences in blood transfusion rate among groups. Similar results were obtained with subgroups of patients who had the K‐L types III and IV. The DVT frequencies were four, three, and three in groups A, B, and C, respectively, with no significant differences after comparison (P > 0.05). There were no significant differences in the levels of prothrombotic state parameters (TM, TAT, PIC, t‐PAI·C) or incidence of VTE among groups (P > 0.05). Wound leakage was observed in five patients during the hospital stay (two patients in group A, one patient in group B, and two patients in group C), and no statistical difference was found in wound leakage or other complications among groups (P > 0.05). Conclusions Short‐term application of postoperative intravenous TXA in TKAs resulted in reduced HBL without a measured increase in the actual incidence of VTE or the potential risk of thrombosis, but administration of TXA after the first 24 h had no significant effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen-Xi Xue
- Department of Orthopaedics Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Yun-Feng Yao
- Department of Orthopaedics Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Hao Lv
- Department of Orthopaedics Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Li Cheng
- Department of Orthopaedics Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Jue-Hua Jing
- Department of Orthopaedics Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
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Rastoder E, Sivapalan P, Eklöf J, Saeed MI, Jordan AS, Meteran H, Tønnesen L, Biering-Sørensen T, Løkke A, Seersholm N, Lynghøj Nielsen T, Carlsen J, Janner J, Godtfredsen N, Bodtger U, Laursen CB, Hilberg O, Knop FK, Priemé H, Ingebrigtsen TS, Gottlieb V, Wilcke JT, Stæhr Jensen JU. Systemic Corticosteroids and the Risk of Venous Thromboembolism in Patients with Severe COPD: A Nationwide Study of 30,473 Outpatients. Biomedicines 2021; 9:biomedicines9080874. [PMID: 34440079 PMCID: PMC8389624 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9080874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2021] [Revised: 07/19/2021] [Accepted: 07/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Due to frequent exacerbations, many patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) are exposed to oral corticosteroids (OCS), which may be thrombogenic. We evaluated the risk of hospitalisation with venous thromboembolism (VTE) and death in patients with acute exacerbation of COPD (AECOPD) treated with long and short OCS regimens. In this nationwide cohort study of 30,473 COPD outpatients treated for AECOPD, we compared the risk of VTE hospitalisation and all-cause mortality within 6 months in OCS dose of >250 mg vs. ≤250 mg. A multivariable Cox proportional hazard regression was used to estimate the risk. The incidence of VTE hospitalisations was 0.23%. A long OCS treatment course was associated with an increased risk of VTE compared to a short course (hazard ratio (HR) 1.69, [95% confidence interval (CI) 1.05 to 2.72], p < 0.031). A higher risk of all-cause mortality was seen in the group of COPD patients treated with a long OCS course (HR 1.71, [95% CI 1.63 to 1.79], p < 0.0001). The risk of reported VTE hospitalisation was higher among AECOPD patients treated with long courses of OCS, but the absolute risk was low, suggesting under-reporting of the condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ema Rastoder
- Section of Respiratory Medicine, Herlev-Gentofte Hospital, 2900 Hellerup, Denmark; (P.S.); (J.E.); (M.I.S.); (A.S.J.); (H.M.); (L.T.); (N.S.); (V.G.); (J.T.W.); (J.U.S.J.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Pradeesh Sivapalan
- Section of Respiratory Medicine, Herlev-Gentofte Hospital, 2900 Hellerup, Denmark; (P.S.); (J.E.); (M.I.S.); (A.S.J.); (H.M.); (L.T.); (N.S.); (V.G.); (J.T.W.); (J.U.S.J.)
| | - Josefin Eklöf
- Section of Respiratory Medicine, Herlev-Gentofte Hospital, 2900 Hellerup, Denmark; (P.S.); (J.E.); (M.I.S.); (A.S.J.); (H.M.); (L.T.); (N.S.); (V.G.); (J.T.W.); (J.U.S.J.)
| | - Mohamad Isam Saeed
- Section of Respiratory Medicine, Herlev-Gentofte Hospital, 2900 Hellerup, Denmark; (P.S.); (J.E.); (M.I.S.); (A.S.J.); (H.M.); (L.T.); (N.S.); (V.G.); (J.T.W.); (J.U.S.J.)
| | - Alexander Svorre Jordan
- Section of Respiratory Medicine, Herlev-Gentofte Hospital, 2900 Hellerup, Denmark; (P.S.); (J.E.); (M.I.S.); (A.S.J.); (H.M.); (L.T.); (N.S.); (V.G.); (J.T.W.); (J.U.S.J.)
| | - Howraman Meteran
- Section of Respiratory Medicine, Herlev-Gentofte Hospital, 2900 Hellerup, Denmark; (P.S.); (J.E.); (M.I.S.); (A.S.J.); (H.M.); (L.T.); (N.S.); (V.G.); (J.T.W.); (J.U.S.J.)
| | - Louise Tønnesen
- Section of Respiratory Medicine, Herlev-Gentofte Hospital, 2900 Hellerup, Denmark; (P.S.); (J.E.); (M.I.S.); (A.S.J.); (H.M.); (L.T.); (N.S.); (V.G.); (J.T.W.); (J.U.S.J.)
| | - Tor Biering-Sørensen
- Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Herlev-Gentofte Hospital, 2900 Hellerup, Denmark;
| | - Anders Løkke
- Department of Medicine, Hospital Lillebælt, 7100 Vejle, Denmark; (A.L.); (O.H.)
- Department of Regional Health Research, University of Southern Denmark, 5000 Odense, Denmark
| | - Niels Seersholm
- Section of Respiratory Medicine, Herlev-Gentofte Hospital, 2900 Hellerup, Denmark; (P.S.); (J.E.); (M.I.S.); (A.S.J.); (H.M.); (L.T.); (N.S.); (V.G.); (J.T.W.); (J.U.S.J.)
| | - Thyge Lynghøj Nielsen
- Section of Respiratory Medicine and Infectious Disease, Nordsjællands Hospital, 3400 Hillerød, Denmark;
| | - Jørn Carlsen
- Department of Cardiology, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital, Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark;
| | - Julie Janner
- Section of Respiratory Medicine, Amager and Hvidovre Hospital, 2650 Hvidovre, Denmark; (J.J.); (N.G.)
| | - Nina Godtfredsen
- Section of Respiratory Medicine, Amager and Hvidovre Hospital, 2650 Hvidovre, Denmark; (J.J.); (N.G.)
| | - Uffe Bodtger
- Section of Respiratory Medicine, Næstved Hospital, 4700 Næstved, Denmark;
| | - Christian B. Laursen
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Odense University Hospital, Odense Respiratory Research Unit (ODIN), Department of Clinical Research, University of South Denmark, 5000 Odense, Denmark;
| | - Ole Hilberg
- Department of Medicine, Hospital Lillebælt, 7100 Vejle, Denmark; (A.L.); (O.H.)
- Department of Regional Health Research, University of Southern Denmark, 5000 Odense, Denmark
| | - Filip K. Knop
- Center for Clinical Metabolic Research, Gentofte Hospital, University of Copenhagen, 2900 Hellerup, Denmark;
- Steno Diabetes Center Copenhagen, Gentofte Hospital, 2900 Hellerup, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Helene Priemé
- Section of Respiratory Medicine, Herlev-Gentofte Hospital, 2730 Herlev, Denmark;
| | | | - Vibeke Gottlieb
- Section of Respiratory Medicine, Herlev-Gentofte Hospital, 2900 Hellerup, Denmark; (P.S.); (J.E.); (M.I.S.); (A.S.J.); (H.M.); (L.T.); (N.S.); (V.G.); (J.T.W.); (J.U.S.J.)
| | - Jon Torgny Wilcke
- Section of Respiratory Medicine, Herlev-Gentofte Hospital, 2900 Hellerup, Denmark; (P.S.); (J.E.); (M.I.S.); (A.S.J.); (H.M.); (L.T.); (N.S.); (V.G.); (J.T.W.); (J.U.S.J.)
| | - Jens Ulrik Stæhr Jensen
- Section of Respiratory Medicine, Herlev-Gentofte Hospital, 2900 Hellerup, Denmark; (P.S.); (J.E.); (M.I.S.); (A.S.J.); (H.M.); (L.T.); (N.S.); (V.G.); (J.T.W.); (J.U.S.J.)
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark
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9
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Venous Thromboembolic Disease in Chronic Inflammatory Lung Diseases: Knowns and Unknowns. J Clin Med 2021; 10:jcm10102061. [PMID: 34064992 PMCID: PMC8151562 DOI: 10.3390/jcm10102061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2021] [Revised: 05/05/2021] [Accepted: 05/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Persistent inflammation within the respiratory tract underlies the pathogenesis of numerous chronic pulmonary diseases. There is evidence supporting that chronic lung diseases are associated with a higher risk of venous thromboembolism (VTE). However, the relationship between lung diseases and/or lung function with VTE is unclear. Understanding the role of chronic lung inflammation as a predisposing factor for VTE may help determine the optimal management and aid in the development of future preventative strategies. We aimed to provide an overview of the relationship between the most common chronic inflammatory lung diseases and VTE. Asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, interstitial lung diseases, or tuberculosis increase the VTE risk, especially pulmonary embolism (PE), compared to the general population. However, high suspicion is needed to diagnose a thrombotic event early as the clinical presentation inevitably overlaps with respiratory disorders. PE risk increases with disease severity and exacerbations. Hence, hospitalized patients should be considered for thromboprophylaxis administration. Conversely, all VTE patients should be asked for lung comorbidities before determining anticoagulant therapy duration, as those patients are at increased risk of recurrent PE episodes rather than DVT. Further research is needed to understand the underlying pathophysiology of in-situ thrombosis in those patients.
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10
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Zhao J, Jiang T, Li P, Dai L, Shi G, Jing X, Gao S, Jia L, Wu S, Wang Y, Peng Y, Cheng Z. Tissue factor promotes airway pathological features through epithelial-mesenchymal transition of bronchial epithelial cells in mice with house dust mite-induced asthma. Int Immunopharmacol 2021; 97:107690. [PMID: 33940323 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2021.107690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2020] [Revised: 03/30/2021] [Accepted: 04/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
It has recently been shown that expression levels of tissue factor (TF) are high in the serum and peripheral blood mononuclear cells of patients with asthma. However, whether TF impacts airway inflammation and remodelling in asthma remains unknown. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of TF in asthma airway inflammation and remodelling using a house dust mite (HDM)-induced chronic asthma model and human bronchial epithelial (16HBE) cells. A chronic asthma model was constructed in BALB/c mice by the intranasal instillation of HDM. Mice were treated with short hairpin TF (shTF), and airway inflammation and remodelling features of asthma and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) were assessed. 16HBE cells were induced by transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) and HDM in the presence or absence of shTF; then, EMT markers and invasion and migration ability were determined. TF expression increased in the lung tissue and 16HBE cells when exposed to HDM. TF downregulation in the lung significantly reduced airway hyperresponsiveness, eosinophil inflammation, the EMT process, and levels of interleukin (IL)-4, IL-6, IL-13, and TGF-β1 in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid of asthmatic mice. Moreover, TF downregulation inhibited migration and incursion and decreased the expression levels of fibronectin 1 and TGF-β1, but increased the expression of E-cadherin in HDM- and TGF-β1-stimulated 16HBE cells. These results demonstrated that TF promoted airway pathological features by enhancing the EMT of bronchial epithelial cells both in vitro and in mice with house dust mite-induced asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junwei Zhao
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Key Clinical Laboratory of Henan Province, Zhengzhou, He'nan 450052, PR China.
| | - Tianci Jiang
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, He'nan 450052, PR China; Henan Key Laboratory for Pharmacology of Liver Diseases, Institute of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, He'nan 450052, PR China
| | - Pengfei Li
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, He'nan 450052, PR China; Henan Key Laboratory for Pharmacology of Liver Diseases, Institute of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, He'nan 450052, PR China
| | - Lingling Dai
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, He'nan 450052, PR China
| | - Guang Shi
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Key Clinical Laboratory of Henan Province, Zhengzhou, He'nan 450052, PR China
| | - Xiaogang Jing
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, He'nan 450052, PR China
| | - Shuhui Gao
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Key Clinical Laboratory of Henan Province, Zhengzhou, He'nan 450052, PR China
| | - Liuqun Jia
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, He'nan 450052, PR China
| | - Shujun Wu
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, He'nan 450052, PR China
| | - Yu Wang
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, He'nan 450052, PR China
| | - Youmei Peng
- Henan Key Laboratory for Pharmacology of Liver Diseases, Institute of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, He'nan 450052, PR China
| | - Zhe Cheng
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, He'nan 450052, PR China; Henan Key Laboratory for Pharmacology of Liver Diseases, Institute of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, He'nan 450052, PR China.
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11
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Corlateanu A, Stratan I, Covantev S, Botnaru V, Corlateanu O, Siafakas N. Asthma and stroke: a narrative review. Asthma Res Pract 2021; 7:3. [PMID: 33608061 PMCID: PMC7896413 DOI: 10.1186/s40733-021-00069-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2021] [Accepted: 02/04/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Asthma is a heterogeneous disease, usually characterized by chronic airway inflammation, bronchial reversible obstruction and hyperresponsiveness to direct or indirect stimuli. It is a severe disease causing approximately half a million deaths every year and thus possessing a significant public health burden. Stroke is the second leading cause of death and a major cause of disability worldwide. Asthma and asthma medications may be a risk factors for developing stroke. Nevertheless, since asthma is associated with a variety of comorbidities, such as cardiovascular, metabolic and respiratory, the increased incidence of stroke in asthma patients may be due to a confounding effect. The purpose of this review is to analyze the complex relationship between asthma and stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- A. Corlateanu
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Pneumology and Allergology, Nicolae Testemitanu State University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Stefan cel Mare street 165, 2004 Chisinau, Republic of Moldova
| | - Iu Stratan
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Pneumology and Allergology, Nicolae Testemitanu State University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Stefan cel Mare street 165, 2004 Chisinau, Republic of Moldova
| | - S. Covantev
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Pneumology and Allergology, Nicolae Testemitanu State University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Stefan cel Mare street 165, 2004 Chisinau, Republic of Moldova
| | - V. Botnaru
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Pneumology and Allergology, Nicolae Testemitanu State University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Stefan cel Mare street 165, 2004 Chisinau, Republic of Moldova
| | - O. Corlateanu
- Department of Internal Medicine, Nicolae Testemitanu State University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Stefan cel Mare street 165, 2004 Chisinau, Republic of Moldova
| | - N. Siafakas
- Department of Thoracic Medicine, University General Hospital, Stavrakia, 71110 Heraklion, Crete, Greece
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12
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Kimura G, Takahashi R, Nagamoto A, Yoshino K, Ueda K, Nishimoto Y, Kizawa Y. [Inhibitory Effects of Dabigatran on Airway Inflammation Induced by Lipopolysaccharide in Mice]. YAKUGAKU ZASSHI 2020; 140:1477-1483. [PMID: 32921648 DOI: 10.1248/yakushi.20-00141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) are characterised by chronic inflammation in the lung that is associated with airway obstruction. Inhaled therapy with a combination of corticosteroid and a long-acting β2-agonist is an effective anti-inflammatory medicine for asthma, but in patients with severe asthma and COPD fails to completely control these symptoms with current therapies. The inflammatory process in these diseases, which involves activation of the coagulation and fibrinolytic system in the lung, offers the opportunity for alternative anti-inflammatory therapies. In this study, we investigated the effects of anti-coagulants on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced airway inflammation in mice. A/J mice were exposed to LPS, a bacterial endotoxin, intranasally and accumulation of inflammatory cells, TNF-α, C-X-C motif chemokine (CXCL) 1, and osteopontin in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) was monitored by flow cytometry and an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. LPS exposure induced airway neutrophilia and accumulation of TNF-α, CXCL1, and osteopontin in BALF. This LPS-induced airway inflammation was not relieved using a corticosteroid, fluticasone propionate (FP), or a direct inhibitor of Factor Xa, rivaroxaban. In contrast, a direct thrombin inhibitor, dabigatran, inhibited LPS-induced airway neutrophilia and decreased inflammatory cytokine production in a dose dependent manner. Furthermore, combination of dabigatran and FP elicited stronger inhibition of LPS-induced airway inflammation. Therefore, these results suggest that dabigatran could be an effective new therapy for severe respiratory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Genki Kimura
- Laboratory of Physiology and Anatomy, School of Pharmacy, Nihon University
| | - Risa Takahashi
- Laboratory of Physiology and Anatomy, School of Pharmacy, Nihon University
| | - Ayaka Nagamoto
- Laboratory of Physiology and Anatomy, School of Pharmacy, Nihon University
| | - Kotomi Yoshino
- Laboratory of Physiology and Anatomy, School of Pharmacy, Nihon University
| | - Keitaro Ueda
- Laboratory of Physiology and Anatomy, School of Pharmacy, Nihon University
| | - Yuki Nishimoto
- Laboratory of Physiology and Anatomy, School of Pharmacy, Nihon University
| | - Yasuo Kizawa
- Laboratory of Physiology and Anatomy, School of Pharmacy, Nihon University
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13
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Bai J, Zhong JY, Liao W, Hu R, Chen L, Wu XJ, Liu SP. iTRAQ‑based proteomic analysis reveals potential regulatory networks in dust mite‑related asthma treated with subcutaneous allergen immunotherapy. Mol Med Rep 2020; 22:3607-3620. [PMID: 32901873 PMCID: PMC7533450 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2020.11472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2019] [Accepted: 02/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Asthma is one of the most common childhood chronic diseases worldwide. Subcutaneous immunotherapy (SCIT) is commonly used in the treatment of house dust mite (HDM)‑related asthma in children. However, the therapeutic mechanism of SCIT in asthma remains unclear. The present study aimed to investigate the molecular biomarkers associated with HDM‑related asthma in asthmatic children prior and subsequent to SCIT treatment compared with those in healthy children via proteomic analysis. The study included a control group (30 healthy children), ‑Treatment group (30 children with HDM‑related allergic asthma) and +Treatment group (30 children with HDM‑related allergic asthma treated with SCIT). An isobaric labeling with relative and absolute quantification‑based method was used to analyze serum proteome changes to detect differentially expressed proteins, while functional enrichment and protein‑protein interaction network analysis were used to select candidate biomarkers. A total of 72 differentially expressed proteins were detected in the ‑Treatment, +Treatment and control groups. A total of 33 and 57 differentially expressed proteins were observed in the ‑Treatment vs. control and +Treatment vs. control groups, respectively. Through bioinformatics analysis, 5 candidate proteins [keratin 1 (KRT1), apolipoprotein B (APOB), fibronectin 1, antithrombin III (SERPINC1) and α‑1‑antitrypsin (SERPINA1)] were selected for validation by western blotting; among them, 4 proteins (KRT1, APOB, SERPINC1 and SERPINA1) showed robust reproducibility in asthma and control samples. This study illustrated the changes in proteome regulation following SCIT treatment for asthma. The 4 identified proteins may serve as potential biomarkers prior and subsequent to SCIT treatment, and help elucidate the molecular regulation mechanisms of SCIT to treat HDM‑related asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Bai
- Department of Pediatrics, Foshan Maternal and Children's Hospital Affiliated to Southern Medical University, Foshan, Guangdong 528000, P.R. China
| | - Jia-Yong Zhong
- Institute of Pediatrics, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510623, P.R. China
| | - Wang Liao
- Department of Pediatrics, Foshan Maternal and Children's Hospital Affiliated to Southern Medical University, Foshan, Guangdong 528000, P.R. China
| | - Ruo Hu
- School of Computer Science, Guangdong Polytechnic Normal University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510000, P.R. China
| | - Liang Chen
- Department of Pediatrics, Foshan Maternal and Children's Hospital Affiliated to Southern Medical University, Foshan, Guangdong 528000, P.R. China
| | - Xian-Jin Wu
- Key Laboratory of Research and Utilization of Ethnomedicinal Plant Resources of Hunan Province, Key Laboratory of Hunan Higher Education for Western Hunan Medicinal Plant and Ethnobotany, College of Biological and Food Engineering, Huaihua University, Huaihua, Hunan 418008, P.R. China
| | - Shuang-Ping Liu
- Chronic Disease Research Center, Medical College, Dalian University, Dalian, Liaoning 116622, P.R. China
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14
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Alzghoul BN, Reddy R, Chizinga M, Innabi A, Zou B, Papierniak ES, Faruqi I. Pulmonary Embolism in Acute Asthma Exacerbation: Clinical Characteristics, Prediction Model and Hospital Outcomes. Lung 2020; 198:661-669. [PMID: 32424799 DOI: 10.1007/s00408-020-00363-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2020] [Accepted: 05/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Little is known about the characteristics and impact of acute pulmonary embolism (PE) during episodes of asthma exacerbation. We aimed to characterize patients diagnosed with acute PE in the setting of asthma exacerbation, develop a prediction model to help identify future patients and assess the impact of acute PE on hospital outcomes. METHODS We included 758 patients who were treated for asthma exacerbation and underwent a computed tomographic pulmonary angiography (CTA) during the same encounter at a university-based hospital between June 2011 and October 2018. We compared clinical characteristics of patients with and without acute PE and developed a machine learning prediction model to classify the PE status based on the clinical variables. We used multivariable regression analysis to evaluate the impact of acute PE on hospital outcomes. RESULTS Twenty percent of the asthma exacerbation patients who underwent CTA had an acute PE. Factors associated with acute PE included previous history of PE, high CHA2DS2-VASc score, hyperlipidemia, history of deep vein thrombosis, malignancy, chronic systemic corticosteroids use, high body mass index and atrial fibrillation. Using these factors, we developed a random forest machine learning prediction model which had an 88% accuracy in classifying the acute PE status of the patients (area under the receiver operating characteristic curve = 0.899; 95% confidence interval: 0.885-0.913). Acute PE in asthma exacerbation was associated with longer hospital stay and intensive care unit stay. CONCLUSION It is important to consider acute PE, a potentially life-threatening event, in the setting of asthma exacerbation especially when other risk factors are present.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bashar N Alzghoul
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, University of Florida, 1600 SW Archer Road, Box 100277, Gainesville, FL, 32608, USA. .,Department of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA.
| | - Raju Reddy
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, University of Florida, 1600 SW Archer Road, Box 100277, Gainesville, FL, 32608, USA.,Department of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Mwelwa Chizinga
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, University of Florida, 1600 SW Archer Road, Box 100277, Gainesville, FL, 32608, USA.,Department of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Ayoub Innabi
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, University of Florida, 1600 SW Archer Road, Box 100277, Gainesville, FL, 32608, USA.,Department of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Baiming Zou
- Department of Biostatistics and School of Nursing, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Eric S Papierniak
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, University of Florida, 1600 SW Archer Road, Box 100277, Gainesville, FL, 32608, USA.,Department of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Ibrahim Faruqi
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, University of Florida, 1600 SW Archer Road, Box 100277, Gainesville, FL, 32608, USA.,Department of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
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15
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Carriero V, Bertolini F, Sprio AE, Bullone M, Ciprandi G, Ricciardolo FLM. High levels of plasma fibrinogen could predict frequent asthma exacerbations. THE JOURNAL OF ALLERGY AND CLINICAL IMMUNOLOGY-IN PRACTICE 2020; 8:2392-2395.e7. [PMID: 32156609 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaip.2020.02.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2019] [Revised: 02/20/2020] [Accepted: 02/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Vitina Carriero
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Turin, San Luigi University Hospital, Turin, Italy
| | - Francesca Bertolini
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Turin, San Luigi University Hospital, Turin, Italy
| | - Andrea Elio Sprio
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Turin, San Luigi University Hospital, Turin, Italy
| | - Michela Bullone
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Turin, Grugliasco, Turin, Italy
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16
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Bourdin A, Adcock I, Berger P, Bonniaud P, Chanson P, Chenivesse C, de Blic J, Deschildre A, Devillier P, Devouassoux G, Didier A, Garcia G, Magnan A, Martinat Y, Perez T, Roche N, Taillé C, Val P, Chanez P. How can we minimise the use of regular oral corticosteroids in asthma? Eur Respir Rev 2020; 29:29/155/190085. [PMID: 32024721 PMCID: PMC9488989 DOI: 10.1183/16000617.0085-2019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2019] [Accepted: 11/04/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Options to achieve oral corticosteroid (OCS)-sparing have been triggering increasing interest since the 1970s because of the side-effects of OCSs, and this has now become achievable with biologics. The Société de Pneumologie de Langue Française workshop on OCSs aimed to conduct a comprehensive review of the basics for OCS use in asthma and issue key research questions. Pharmacology and definition of regular use were reviewed by the first working group (WG1). WG2 examined whether regular OCS use is associated with T2 endotype. WG3 reported on the specificities of the paediatric area. Key “research statement proposals” were suggested by WG4. It was found that the benefits of regular OCS use in asthma outside episodes of exacerbations are poorly supported by the existing evidence. However, complete OCS elimination couldn’t be achieved in any available studies for all patients and the panel felt that it was too early to conclude that regular OCS use could be declared criminal. Repeated or prolonged need for OCS beyond 1 g·year−1 should indicate the need for referral to secondary/tertiary care. A strategic sequential plan aiming at reducing overall exposure to OCS in severe asthma was then held as a conclusion of the workshop. A yearly cumulative OCS dose above 1 g should be considered unacceptable in severe asthma and should make the case for referralhttp://bit.ly/34GAYLX
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Affiliation(s)
- Arnaud Bourdin
- Service des Maladies Respirartoires, CHU Arnaud de Villeneuve, University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Ian Adcock
- Thoracic Medicine, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Patrick Berger
- Centre de Recherche Cardiothoracique de Bordeaux, Université de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | | | | | - Cécile Chenivesse
- Centre Hospitalier Regional Universitaire de Lille, Lille, France.,Universite de Lille II, Lille, France
| | - Jacques de Blic
- Pediatric Respiratory Diseases, Necker-Enfants Malades Hospitals, Paris, France
| | | | | | - Gilles Devouassoux
- Pneumologie, Hopital de la Croix-Rousse, HCL, Lyon, France.,Université Claude Bernard lyon1 et INSERM U851, Lyon, France
| | | | | | | | | | - Thierry Perez
- Respiratory, Hopital Calmette, CHRU Lille, Lille, France.,Lung function, Hôpital Calmette, CHRU Lille, Lille, France
| | | | - Camille Taillé
- Service de Pneumologie, Hopital Bichat - Claude-Bernard, Paris, France
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17
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Tattersall MC, Dasiewicz AS, McClelland RL, Gepner AD, Kalscheur MM, Field ME, Heckbert SR, Hamdan MH, Stein JH. Persistent Asthma Is Associated With Increased Risk for Incident Atrial Fibrillation in the MESA. Circ Arrhythm Electrophysiol 2020; 13:e007685. [PMID: 32013555 DOI: 10.1161/circep.119.007685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Asthma and atrial fibrillation (AF) share an underlying inflammatory pathophysiology. We hypothesized that persistent asthmatics are at higher risk for developing AF and that this association would be attenuated by adjustment for baseline markers of systemic inflammation. METHODS The MESA (Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis) is a prospective longitudinal study of adults free of cardiovascular disease at baseline. Presence of asthma was determined at exam 1. Persistent asthma was defined as asthma requiring use of controller medications. Intermittent asthma was defined as asthma without use of controller medications. Participants were followed for a median of 12.9 (interquartile range, 10-13.6) years for incident AF. Multivariable Cox regression models were used to assess associations of asthma subtype and AF. RESULTS The 6615 participants were a mean (SD) 62.0 (10.2) years old (47% male, 27% black, 12% Chinese, and 22% Hispanic). AF incidence rates were 0.11 (95% CI, 0.01-0.12) events/10 person-years for nonasthmatics, 0.11 (95% CI, 0.08-0.14) events/10 person-years for intermittent asthmatics, and 0.19 (95% CI, 0.120.49) events/10 person-years for persistent asthmatics (log-rank P=0.008). In risk-factor adjusted models, persistent asthmatics had a greater risk of incident AF (hazard ratio, 1.49 [95% CI, 1.03-2.14], P=0.03). IL (Interleukin)-6 (hazard ratio, 1.26 [95% CI, 1.13-1.42]), TNF (tumor necrosis factor)-α receptor 1 (hazard ratio, 1.09 [95% CI, 1.08-1.11]) and D-dimer (hazard ratio, 1.10 [95% CI, 1.02-1.20]) predicted incident AF, but the relationship between asthma and incident AF was not attenuated by adjustment for any inflammation marker (IL-6, CRP [C-reactive protein], TNF-α R1, D-dimer, and fibrinogen). CONCLUSIONS In a large multiethnic cohort with nearly 13 years follow-up, persistent asthma was associated with increased risk for incident AF. This association was not attenuated by adjustment for baseline inflammatory biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew C Tattersall
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison (M.C.T., A.D.G., M.M.K., M.H.H., J.H.S.)
| | - Alison S Dasiewicz
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison (M.C.T., A.D.G., M.M.K., M.H.H., J.H.S.).,Department of Biostatistics, University of Washington, Seattle (A.S.D., R.L.M.)
| | - Robyn L McClelland
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Washington, Seattle (A.S.D., R.L.M.)
| | - Adam D Gepner
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, William S. Middleton Memorial Veterans Hospital, Madison, WI (A.D.G., M.M.K.)
| | - Matthew M Kalscheur
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison (M.C.T., A.D.G., M.M.K., M.H.H., J.H.S.).,Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, William S. Middleton Memorial Veterans Hospital, Madison, WI (A.D.G., M.M.K.)
| | - Michael E Field
- Department of Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston (M.E.F.)
| | - Susan R Heckbert
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington School of Public Health, Seattle (S.R.H.).,Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Departments of Medicine, Epidemiology and Health Services, University of Washington and Group Health Research Institute, Group Health Cooperative, Seattle (S.R.H.)
| | - Mohamed H Hamdan
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison (M.C.T., A.D.G., M.M.K., M.H.H., J.H.S.)
| | - James H Stein
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison (M.C.T., A.D.G., M.M.K., M.H.H., J.H.S.)
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18
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Mohamed W, Exley C, Sutcliffe IM, Dwarakanath A. Authors' reply. J R Coll Physicians Edinb 2019; 49:171-174. [PMID: 31188360 DOI: 10.4997/jrcpe.2019.227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | - Claire Exley
- Mid Yorkshire Hospitals NHS Trust, Wakefield, UK
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19
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Increased activity of lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A 2 in non-severe asthma. Allergol Int 2019; 68:450-455. [PMID: 31064688 DOI: 10.1016/j.alit.2019.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2019] [Revised: 03/19/2019] [Accepted: 04/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Given increased risk of cardiovascular events in asthma we hypothesized that lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A2 (Lp-PLA2), an enzyme involved in atherosclerosis, is associated with proinflammatory and prothrombotic blood alterations in this disease. METHODS In 164 adult asthmatics (63 with severe asthma) we measured plasma Lp-PLA2 activity using the PLAC test. We determined its relations to inflammation and prothrombotic blood alterations. RESULTS In asthma, Lp-PLA2 was inversely related to the age (β = -0.1 [-0.18 to -0.02]) and was lower in women (n = 122 [74%], 205 [182-242] vs. 243 [203-262] nmol/min/ml, p = 0.001). Interestingly, Lp-PLA2 correlated negatively with the asthma severity score (β = -0.15 [-0.23 to -0.07]), being 10.3% higher in those with non-severe (mild or moderate) asthma (n = 101, 62%) as compared to the severe disease subtype (224 [191-261] vs. 203 [181-229], p = 0.006 after adjustment for potential confounders). Lp-PLA2 activity was positively related to the levels of low-density lipoprotein (β = 0.1 [0.02-0.18]), triglycerides (β = 0.11 [0.03-0.19]) and glucose (β = 0.1 [0.02-0.18]) and inversely to the tumor necrosis factor α (β = -0.27 [-0.35 to -0.2]), high sensitivity C-reactive protein (β = -0.1 [-0.19 to -0.02]) and fibrinogen (β = -0.12 [-0.21 to -0.03]), as well as prothrombin (β = -0.16 [-0.24 to -0.08]), and parameters describing thrombin generation potential, such as endogenous thrombin potential (β = -0.14 [-0.21 to -0.06]) and peak thrombin generated (β = -0.2 [-0.28 to -0.12]). CONCLUSIONS Elevated Lp-PLA2 activity in non-severe asthmatics suggests increased atherosclerotic risk in this group. Lower Lp-PLA2 activity accompanied by its inverse relationship to inflammatory or prothrombotic blood biomarkers observed in turn in severe asthmatics might be related to the pathogenesis of more severe asthma phenotype.
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Imoto Y, Kato A, Takabayashi T, Stevens W, Norton JE, Suh LA, Carter RG, Weibman AR, Hulse KE, Harris KE, Peters AT, Grammer LC, Tan BK, Welch K, Shintani-Smith S, Conley DB, Kern RC, Fujieda S, Schleimer RP. Increased thrombin-activatable fibrinolysis inhibitor levels in patients with chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2019; 144:1566-1574.e6. [PMID: 31562871 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2019.08.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2019] [Revised: 07/02/2019] [Accepted: 08/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) is a heterogeneous chronic inflammatory disease subdivided based on the presence or absence of nasal polyps (NPs). Histologic features of chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP) include inflammatory cell infiltration and excessive fibrin deposition in NPs. Thrombin-activatable fibrinolysis inhibitor (TAFI) is an enzyme that plays an antifibrinolytic role in the body. The significance of TAFI has been documented in patients with chronic inflammatory diseases, including chronic lung disease; however, it has not been evaluated in the pathogenesis of NPs. OBJECTIVE The objective of this study was to evaluate the potential role of TAFI in the pathogenesis of NPs. METHODS Nasal lavage fluid was collected from control subjects and patients with CRS. We measured levels of thrombin/anti-thrombin complex (TATc) and TAFI protein using an ELISA. RESULTS TATc levels in nasal lavage fluid were significantly increased in patients with CRSwNP and patients with chronic rhinosinusitis without nasal polyps (CRSsNP) compared with control subjects, and TAFI levels in nasal lavage fluid were also significantly increased in patients with CRSwNP compared with those in control subjects and patients with CRSsNP. There was a significant correlation between TATc and TAFI levels in nasal lavage fluid. Interestingly, patients with CRS and asthma showed increased TATc and TAFI levels in nasal lavage fluid compared with those in patients with CRS without asthma, especially patients with CRSwNP. CONCLUSIONS Increased TATc and TAFI levels in nasal passages of patients with CRSwNP might participate in fibrin deposition in NPs and might play a role in the pathogenesis of CRSwNP and asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshimasa Imoto
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Ill; Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head & Neck Surgery, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Fukui, Fukui, Japan.
| | - Atsushi Kato
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Ill; Department of Otolaryngology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Ill
| | - Tetsuji Takabayashi
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head & Neck Surgery, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Fukui, Fukui, Japan
| | - Whitney Stevens
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Ill
| | - James E Norton
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Ill
| | - Lydia A Suh
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Ill
| | - Roderick G Carter
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Ill
| | - Ava R Weibman
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Ill
| | - Kathryn E Hulse
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Ill
| | - Kathleen E Harris
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Ill
| | - Anju T Peters
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Ill
| | - Leslie C Grammer
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Ill
| | - Bruce K Tan
- Department of Otolaryngology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Ill
| | - Kevin Welch
- Department of Otolaryngology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Ill
| | | | - David B Conley
- Department of Otolaryngology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Ill
| | - Robert C Kern
- Department of Otolaryngology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Ill
| | - Shigeharu Fujieda
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head & Neck Surgery, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Fukui, Fukui, Japan
| | - Robert P Schleimer
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Ill
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Structural alterations and markers of endothelial activation in pulmonary and bronchial arteries in fatal asthma. Allergy Asthma Clin Immunol 2019; 15:50. [PMID: 31485240 PMCID: PMC6714380 DOI: 10.1186/s13223-019-0363-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2019] [Accepted: 08/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background There is interest in better understanding vessel pathology in asthma, given the findings of loss of peripheral vasculature associated with disease severity by imaging and altered markers of endothelial activation. To date, vascular changes in asthma have been described mainly at the submucosal capillary level of the bronchial microcirculation, with sparse information available on the pathology of bronchial and pulmonary arteries. The aim of this study was to describe structural and endothelial activation markers in bronchial arteries (BAs) and pulmonary arteries (PAs) of asthma patients who died during a fatal asthma attack. Methods Autopsy lung tissue was obtained from 21 smoking and non-smoking patients who died of an asthma attack and nine non-smoking control patients. Verhoeff–Masson trichrome staining was used to analyse the structure of arteries. Using immuno-histochemistry and image analyses, we quantified extracellular matrix (ECM) components (collagen I, collagen III, versican, tenascin, fibronectin, elastic fibres), adhesion molecules [vascular cell adhesion molecule 1 (VCAM-1) and intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM-1)] and markers of vascular tone/dysfunction [endothelin-1 (ET-1) and angiotensin II type 2 receptor (AT2)] in PAs and BAs. Results There were no significant differences in ECM components, ICAM-1, ET-1 or AT2 between asthma patients and controls. Smoking asthma patients presented with decreased content of collagen III in both BA (p = 0.046) and PA (p = 0.010) walls compared to non-smoking asthma patients. Asthma patients had increased VCAM-1 content in the BA wall (p = 0.026) but not in the PA wall. Conclusion Our data suggest that the mechanisms linking asthma and arterial functional abnormalities might involve systemic rather than local mediators. Loss of collagen III in the PA was observed in smoking asthma patients, and this was compatible with the degradative environment induced by cigarette smoking. Our data also reinforce the idea that the mechanisms of leukocyte efflux via adhesion molecules differ between bronchial and pulmonary circulation, which might be relevant to understanding and treating the distal lung in asthma.
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Koksal B, Eker I, Ozbek N, Dogan I, Y. Ozbek O. Thrombin lag time is increased in children with mild asthma. Allergol Immunopathol (Madr) 2019; 47:241-245. [PMID: 30262412 DOI: 10.1016/j.aller.2018.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2018] [Revised: 07/02/2018] [Accepted: 07/09/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Inflammation and coagulation are closely linked events. Thrombin is the key enzyme in coagulation system and also has roles in inflammation. OBJECTIVE The aim of our study was to evaluate thrombin generation in children with mild asthma. METHODS Forty-two children with mild asthma and 49 healthy children were included in the study. All patients performed spirometry. Thrombin generation tests (TGT) were performed with a calibrated automated thrombogram (CAT) in children without asthma exacerbation during the last six months. During CAT assay thrombogram curves were obtained. The area under the curve showed endogenous thrombin potentials and indicated the total amount of endogenous thrombin generated; the peak height showed the highest thrombin value, thrombin lag time and time to thrombin peak were measured. RESULTS Thrombin lag time was significantly longer in children with asthma (3.98±1.2min) compared to those in the control group (3.29±0.6min) (p<0.01). Children with asthma also had longer thrombin tail time compared to the control group (19.5±8.9min vs. 16.7±2.9min, p=0.02). Thrombin peak was inversely correlated with FEF 25-75 (r=-0.41, p<0.01). Thrombin lag time was inversely correlated with FEF 25-75 (r=-0.39, p<0.01). CONCLUSION Inflammation in mild asthma seems to disturb coagulation but this disturbance may not be so strong as to increase thrombin levels and may only affect the initiation phase of thrombin generation.
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Gao P, Zhao J, Xie J. PTX3 and D-dimer in children with asthma: A real-world study-Reply. Clin Exp Allergy 2019; 49:552. [PMID: 30723957 DOI: 10.1111/cea.13363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Pengfei Gao
- Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Key Laboratory of Pulmonary Diseases of Health Ministry, Wuhan, China
| | - Jianping Zhao
- Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Key Laboratory of Pulmonary Diseases of Health Ministry, Wuhan, China
| | - Jungang Xie
- Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Key Laboratory of Pulmonary Diseases of Health Ministry, Wuhan, China
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Bazan-Socha S, Kuczia P, Potaczek DP, Mastalerz L, Cybulska A, Zareba L, Kremers R, Hemker C, Undas A. Increased blood levels of cellular fibronectin in asthma: Relation to the asthma severity, inflammation, and prothrombotic blood alterations. Respir Med 2018; 141:64-71. [PMID: 30053974 DOI: 10.1016/j.rmed.2018.06.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2017] [Revised: 06/15/2018] [Accepted: 06/26/2018] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recently, we have reported that asthma is characterized by prothrombotic blood alterations, which were related to the low-grade inflammatory state. Inflammation, however, may also lead to vascular dysfunction. The aim of this study was to evaluate plasma levels of cellular fibronectin (cFN), a marker of vascular injury in asthmatics, and to analyze their impact on described previously prothrombotic blood alterations. METHODS In a cross-sectional study, we investigated 164 adult stable asthmatics and 72 matched controls. Plasma cFN was measured using an ELISA. Its relations to inflammation, thrombin generation, fibrinolytic capacity, expressed as clot lysis time (CLT), and platelet markers were evaluated. RESULTS Asthma was associated with 50.1% higher plasma cFN levels as compared with controls (p < 0.001, after adjustment for potential confounders). There was a positive association of cFN with asthma severity and inverse with the FEV1/VC index (β = 0.2 [95%CI:0.13-0.28] and β = -0.15 [95%CI: -0.23 to -0.07], respectively). In asthmatics cFN positively correlated with high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (β = 0.24 [95%CI:0.16-0.32]), fibrinogen (β = 0.13 [95%CI:0.04-0.21]), interleukin-6 (β = 0.23 [95%CI:0.15-0.3]), platelet factor 4 (β = 0.14 [95%CI:0.06-0.21]), plasminogen (β = 0.11 [95%CI:0.04-0.19]) and CLT (β = 0.35 [95%CI:0.28-0.42]). In both groups cFN was related to the endogenous thrombin potential (ETP) (β = 0.51 [95%CI:0.44-0.57], and β = 0.17 [95%CI:0.07-0.27], respectively). Multiple regression models showed that cFN was the most potent independent predictor of both ETP and CLT in asthmatics. CONCLUSION Presented study is the first to show increased plasma cellular fibronectin in asthma, which is associated with disease severity, inflammation, and prothrombotic blood alterations. This novel observation suggests a previously unknown modulator of prothrombotic plasma properties in asthmatics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stanislawa Bazan-Socha
- Department of Internal Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland.
| | - Pawel Kuczia
- Department of Internal Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland; University Hospital, Allergy and Clinical Immunology Department, Krakow, Poland.
| | - Daniel P Potaczek
- John Paul II Hospital, Krakow, Poland; Institute of Laboratory Medicine, member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), and the inVIVO Planetary Health, Group of the Worldwide Universities Network (WUN), Philipps-University Marburg, Marburg, Germany.
| | - Lucyna Mastalerz
- Department of Internal Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland.
| | - Agnieszka Cybulska
- Department of Internal Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland.
| | - Lech Zareba
- Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Rzeszow, Rzeszow, Poland.
| | - Romy Kremers
- Synapse Research Institute, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands.
| | - Coenraad Hemker
- Synapse Research Institute, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands.
| | - Anetta Undas
- Department of Internal Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland; John Paul II Hospital, Krakow, Poland; Institute of Cardiology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland.
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Prothrombotic State in Asthma Is Related to Increased Levels of Inflammatory Cytokines, IL-6 and TNFα, in Peripheral Blood. Inflammation 2018; 40:1225-1235. [PMID: 28429138 PMCID: PMC5494034 DOI: 10.1007/s10753-017-0565-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Recently, we have reported that asthma is associated with enhanced plasma thrombin formation and impaired fibrinolysis. The mechanisms underlying the prothrombotic state in this disease are unknown. Our aim was to investigate whether prothrombotic alterations in asthmatics are associated with inflammation. We studied 164 adult, white, stable asthmatics and 72 controls matched for age, sex, body mass index (BMI), and smoking. Plasma tumor necrosis factor α (TNFα), interleukin (IL)-6, and serum periostin were evaluated using ELISAs, and their associations with thrombin generation, fibrinolytic capacity, expressed as clot lysis time (CLT), and platelet markers were later analyzed. Asthma was characterized by 62% higher plasma IL-6 and 35% higher TNFα (both, p < 0.0001). Inflammatory cytokines were higher in sporadic and persistent asthmatics compared to controls, also after adjustment for potential confounders. IL-6 was inversely related to the forced expiratory volume in 1 s/vital capacity (FEV1/VC) spirometry index after correction for age, sex, and BMI. IL-6 and TNFα were associated with C-reactive protein in asthmatics (β = 0.6 [95% CI, 0.54–0.67] and β = 0.33 [95% CI, 0.25–0.41], respectively) and controls (β = 0.43 [95% CI, 0.29–0.57] and β = 0.33 [95% CI, 0.18–0.48], respectively). In asthma, IL-6 and TNFα positively correlated with the endogenous thrombin potential (β = 0.35 [95% CI, 0.28–0.42] and β = 0.15 [95% CI, 0.07–0.23], respectively) but not with CLT or platelet markers. However, TNFα predicted CLT in a multiple linear regression model. Periostin was not associated with any hemostatic parameters. Enhanced thrombin generation is driven in asthma by a systemic inflammatory state mediated by IL-6 and to a lesser extent TNFα, however, not periostin. TNFα might contribute to impaired fibrinolysis.
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Baghlaf H, Spence AR, Czuzoj-Shulman N, Abenhaim HA. Pregnancy outcomes among women with asthma. J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med 2017; 32:1325-1331. [PMID: 29166819 DOI: 10.1080/14767058.2017.1404982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The purpose of this study is to examine the association between maternal asthma and pregnancy, delivery and neonatal outcomes. MATERIALS AND METHODS We carried out a retrospective cohort study using the Health Care Cost and Utilization Project-Nationwide Inpatient Sample (HCUP-NIS) database from 2003 to 2011. Among women who delivered during this time period, we compared pregnancy, delivery, and neonatal outcomes in asthmatics versus non-asthmatics. Multivariate logistic regression was used to estimate adjusted odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals. RESULTS In a cohort of 7,772,999 pregnant women, 223,236 (2.9%) had asthma. The prevalence of asthma-complicated pregnancies rose over the study period from 1.9% in 2003 to 3.7% in 2011 (p < .001). Pregnant asthmatics had more pre-existing health conditions, such as diabetes, chronic hypertension, obesity, and thyroid disease, and were more likely to smoke. Even after adjustment for these comorbidities, and other covariates, within statistical models, asthma was found to be associated with greater risk of several pregnancy complications: gestational hypertension, preeclampsia, gestational diabetes, placenta previa, preterm premature rupture of membranes, placental abruption, chorioamnionitis, preterm delivery, postpartum hemorrhage, venous thromboembolism, caesarean section delivery, and maternal mortality. Neonates born to asthmatics had greater risk of being small for gestational age and for having congenital anomalies, and lower risk of intrauterine fetal death. CONCLUSIONS Asthma is associated with an increase in adverse pregnancy, labor, and neonatal outcomes. Close surveillance of asthmatic patients during the prenatal period is warranted and care in a tertiary hospital is advised.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haitham Baghlaf
- a Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology , Jewish General Hospital, McGill University , Montreal , Canada
| | - Andrea R Spence
- b Center for Clinical Epidemiology , Jewish General Hospital, McGill University , Montreal , Canada
| | - Nicholas Czuzoj-Shulman
- b Center for Clinical Epidemiology , Jewish General Hospital, McGill University , Montreal , Canada
| | - Haim Arie Abenhaim
- a Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology , Jewish General Hospital, McGill University , Montreal , Canada.,b Center for Clinical Epidemiology , Jewish General Hospital, McGill University , Montreal , Canada
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Impaired fibrinolysis and lower levels of plasma α 2-macroglobulin are associated with an increased risk of severe asthma exacerbations. Sci Rep 2017; 7:11014. [PMID: 28887505 PMCID: PMC5591306 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-11467-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2017] [Accepted: 08/24/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Recently we have reported that asthma is associated with enhanced plasma thrombin formation, impaired fibrinolysis and platelet activation. In the present study we investigated whether described prothrombotic blood alterations might predispose to thromboembolic events or asthma exacerbations. In 164 adult asthmatics we assessed clinical events during 3-year follow-up and analyzed their associations with measured at baseline prothrombotic blood parameters. Data were obtained from 157 (95.7%) of the asthma patients. We documented 198 severe asthma exacerbations (64/year), which occurred in 53 subjects (34%). These patients were older (p = 0.004), had worse asthma control (p = 0.02) and lower spirometry values (p = 0.01), at baseline. Interestingly, this subgroup had longer clot lysis time (CLT), as well as lower α2-macroglobulin (p = 0.038 and p = 0.04, respectively, after adjustment for potential confounders). Increased CLT and lower α2-macroglobulin were demonstrated as independent predictors of asthma exacerbation in multiple regression model. Moreover, we documented two episodes of deep vein thrombosis (1.3%), and eight acute coronary syndromes (5.1%). Patients who experienced thromboembolic events (n = 10, 6.4%, 2.1%/year) had lower α2-macroglobulin (p = 0.04), without differences in efficiency of fibrinolysis and thrombin generation. Impaired fibrinolysis and lower levels of α2-macroglobulin might predispose to a higher rate of asthma exacerbations, suggesting new links between disturbed hemostasis and asthma.
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Sherenian MG, Cho SH, Levin A, Min JY, Oh SS, Hu D, Galanter J, Sen S, Huntsman S, Eng C, Rodriguez-Santana JR, Serebrisky D, Avila PC, Kalhan R, Smith LJ, Borrell LN, Seibold MA, Keoki Williams L, Burchard EG, Kumar R. PAI-1 gain-of-function genotype, factors increasing PAI-1 levels, and airway obstruction: The GALA II Cohort. Clin Exp Allergy 2017; 47:1150-1158. [PMID: 28543872 DOI: 10.1111/cea.12958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2016] [Revised: 03/27/2017] [Accepted: 04/27/2017] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND PAI-1 gain-of-function variants promote airway fibrosis and are associated with asthma and with worse lung function in subjects with asthma. OBJECTIVE We sought to determine whether the association of a gain-of-function polymorphism in plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) with airway obstruction is modified by asthma status, and whether any genotype effect persists after accounting for common exposures that increase PAI-1 level. METHODS We studied 2070 Latino children (8-21y) with genotypic and pulmonary function data from the GALA II cohort. We estimated the relationship of the PAI-1 risk allele with FEV1/FVC by multivariate linear regression, stratified by asthma status. We examined the association of the polymorphism with asthma and airway obstruction within asthmatics via multivariate logistic regression. We replicated associations in the SAPPHIRE cohort of African Americans (n=1056). Secondary analysis included the effect of the at-risk polymorphism on postbronchodilator lung function. RESULTS There was an interaction between asthma status and the PAI-1 polymorphism on FEV1 /FVC (P=.03). The gain-of-function variants, genotypes (AA/AG), were associated with lower FEV1 /FVC in subjects with asthma (β=-1.25, CI: -2.14,-0.35, P=.006), but not in controls. Subjects with asthma and the AA/AG genotypes had a 5% decrease in FEV1 /FVC (P<.001). In asthmatics, the risk genotype (AA/AG) was associated with a 39% increase in risk of clinically relevant airway obstruction (OR=1.39, CI: 1.01, 1.92, P=.04). These associations persisted after exclusion of factors that increase PAI-1 including tobacco exposure and obesity. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE The decrease in the FEV1 /FVC ratio associated with the risk genotype was modified by asthma status. The genotype increased the odds of airway obstruction by 75% within asthmatics only. As exposures known to increase PAI-1 levels did not mitigate this association, PAI-1 may contribute to airway obstruction in the context of chronic asthmatic airway inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- M G Sherenian
- Division of Allergy-Immunology, Department of Pediatrics, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA.,The Ann and Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - S H Cho
- Division of Allergy-Immunology, Department of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA.,Division of Allergy-Immunology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - A Levin
- Department of Public Health Science, Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - J-Y Min
- Department of Otolaryngology, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - S S Oh
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - D Hu
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - J Galanter
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - S Sen
- Division of Biostatistics, Department of Preventive Medicine, UTHSC, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - S Huntsman
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - C Eng
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | | | - D Serebrisky
- Pediatric Pulmonary Division, Jacobi Medical Center, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - P C Avila
- Division of Allergy-Immunology, Department of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - R Kalhan
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - L J Smith
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - L N Borrell
- Department of Health Sciences, Lehman College, CUNY, New York, NY, USA
| | - M A Seibold
- Center for Genes, Environment and Health, National Jewish Health, Denver, CO, USA
| | - L Keoki Williams
- Department of Internal Medicine, Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, MI, USA.,Center for Health Policy and Health Services Research, Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - E G Burchard
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - R Kumar
- Division of Allergy-Immunology, Department of Pediatrics, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA.,The Ann and Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
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Zöller B, Pirouzifard M, Memon AA, Sundquist J, Sundquist K. Risk of pulmonary embolism and deep venous thrombosis in patients with asthma: a nationwide case-control study from Sweden. Eur Respir J 2017; 49:49/2/1601014. [PMID: 28202551 DOI: 10.1183/13993003.01014-2016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2016] [Accepted: 11/11/2016] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Asthma is associated with an increased risk of pulmonary embolism (PE) but little is known about whether asthma is associated with an increased risk of deep venous thrombosis (DVT). The aim in this study was to determine the risk of the first event of PE, DVT or a combination of PE and DVT in patients with asthma.We conducted this nationwide case-control study using data from Swedish nationwide registries. We included 114 366 Swedish-born patients with a first hospital diagnosis of PE, 76 494 patients with DVT and 6854 patients with both PE and DVT in Sweden between 1981 and 2010. We also included five age-, sex- and education-matched population controls. All previous hospital diagnoses of asthma were identified. Conditional logistic regression was used to compute odds ratios with adjustment for potential confounders.Asthma was associated with an adjusted odds ratio for PE of 1.43 (95% CI 1.37-1.50), for DVT of 1.56 (95% CI 1.47-1.65) and for combined PE and DVT of 1.60 (95% CI 1.32-1.93). Asthma was associated with an increased risk of PE, DVT and combined PE and DVT.Thus, the inflammation conferred by asthma seems to have systemic (and not just local) prothrombotic effects with increased risk of both DVT and PE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bengt Zöller
- Center for Primary Health Care Research, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
| | | | - Ashfaque A Memon
- Center for Primary Health Care Research, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Jan Sundquist
- Center for Primary Health Care Research, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
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Tomasiak-Lozowska MM, Misztal T, Rusak T, Branska-Januszewska J, Bodzenta-Lukaszyk A, Tomasiak M. Asthma is associated with reduced fibrinolytic activity, abnormal clot architecture, and decreased clot retraction rate. Allergy 2017; 72:314-319. [PMID: 27659252 DOI: 10.1111/all.13054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/18/2016] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to assess whether steroid-naïve asthma modulates hemostasis. We evaluated the clot retraction rate (CRR), fibrinolysis rate (FR), clot density (CD) (by confocal microscopy), plasma levels of plasminogen activator inhibitor (PAI-1), and factor XIII (FXIII), NO in exhaled breath (FENO ), spirometry (FEV1 ) and eosinophil count (EOS) in 36 patients with allergic, steroid-naïve asthma and in 34 healthy controls. We observed significantly (P < 0.001) reduced CRR, FR, and FEV1 and increased FENO , EOS, PAI-1, FXIII, and CD in patients with asthma compared with controls. In patients with asthma, FR negatively correlated with CD, FXIII, PAI-1, FENO , and EOS and positively with FEV1 . FXIII positively correlated with CD. Clot retraction rate negatively correlated with FENO and positively with FEV1 (all P < 0.001). These novel findings suggest that asthma itself is associated with decreased CRR and reduced fibrinolytic potential resulting from alterations in clot architecture and elevated levels of plasma FXIII and PAI-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- M. M. Tomasiak-Lozowska
- Department of Allergy and Internal Diseases; Medical University of Bialystok; Bialystok Poland
| | - T. Misztal
- Department of Physical Chemistry; Medical University of Bialystok; Bialystok Poland
| | - T. Rusak
- Department of Physical Chemistry; Medical University of Bialystok; Bialystok Poland
| | - J. Branska-Januszewska
- Department of Biology; Faculty of Pharmacy; Medical University of Bialystok; Bialystok Poland
| | - A. Bodzenta-Lukaszyk
- Department of Allergy and Internal Diseases; Medical University of Bialystok; Bialystok Poland
| | - M. Tomasiak
- Department of Allergy and Internal Diseases; Medical University of Bialystok; Bialystok Poland
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Yeh JJ, Wang YC, Kao CH. Asthma-Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Overlap Syndrome Associated with Risk of Pulmonary Embolism. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0162483. [PMID: 27611495 PMCID: PMC5017612 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0162483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2016] [Accepted: 08/01/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose We conducted a cohort study to clarify this relationship between asthma–chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) overlap syndrome (ACOS) and pulmonary embolism (PE). Methods From the National Health Insurance Research Database of Taiwan, we identified patients who had a diagnosis of asthma and a diagnosis of COPD (defined as ACOS) and concurrent treatment between January 1999 and December 2009 (ACOS cohort: n = 14,150; non-ACOS cohort: n = 55,876). Cox proportional hazards regression analysis was performed to determine the adjusted hazard ratios (aHRs) for PE of the ACOS cohort compared with the non-ACOS cohort. Results Comparing the ACOS cohort with the non-ACOS cohort, the aHR of PE was 2.08 (95% confidence intervals [CIs]: 1.56–2.76). The risk of PE was higher in ACOS cohort than non-ACOS cohort, regardless of age, sex, comorbidity, inhaled corticosteroids (ICSs) and oral steroids (OSs) used. For ages ranging from 20 to 65 years, the aHR of PE was 2.53 (95% CI: 1.44–4.44) in the ACOS cohort. ACOS patients using ICSs (aHR: 1.97, 95% CI: 1.29–3.01) or OSs (aHR: 1.97, 95% CI: 1.46–2.65), the risk of PE was higher than in the non-ACOS cohort. The risk of PE increased with the number of outpatient visits and hospitalizations necessitated, ranging from 2.32 (95% CI: 1.54–3.52) in patients having 3–9 visits to 4.20 (95% CI: 2.74–6.44) for those having >9 visits. Conclusions ACOS is associated with increased risk of PE, particularly patients with a high frequency of AE—even in young adults or people without comorbidities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun-Jun Yeh
- Ditmanson Medical Foundation Chia-Yi Christian Hospital, Chiayi, Taiwan
- Chia Nan University of Pharmacy and Science, Tainan, Taiwan
- Meiho University, Pingtung, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Chiao Wang
- Management Office for Health Data, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
- College of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Hung Kao
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Science, College of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and PET Center, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Bioinformatics and Medical Engineering, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan
- * E-mail:
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Bazan-Socha S, Mastalerz L, Cybulska A, Zareba L, Kremers R, Zabczyk M, Pulka G, Iwaniec T, Hemker C, Undas A. Asthma is associated with enhanced thrombin formation and impaired fibrinolysis. Clin Exp Allergy 2016; 46:932-44. [PMID: 27019085 DOI: 10.1111/cea.12734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2015] [Revised: 02/11/2016] [Accepted: 03/08/2016] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is evidence that altered blood coagulation and fibrinolysis are involved in the pathogenesis of asthma. Increased thromboembolic risk has been reported in asthmatics. OBJECTIVE To investigate whether enhanced thrombin generation and impaired fibrinolysis occur in asthmatics. METHODS Plasma thrombin generation profile together with a computational assessment of thrombin dynamics and fibrinolytic capacity expressed as clot lysis time (CLT) were determined in 164 consecutive patients with stable asthma and 72 controls matched for age, gender, weight and smoking. RESULTS Asthma patients had 20.2% increased endogenous thrombin potential (ETP), 41.4% higher peak thrombin concentration, 61% higher maximal prothrombin conversion rate, 15.5% faster rate of thrombin formation (all, P < 0.0001) and 10% lower thrombin decay capacity (P = 0.0004) compared with controls. Asthmatics had also 14.4% longer CLT (P = 0.001) associated with 21.3% higher plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) (P < 0.0001), and 13% higher plasma α2 -macroglobulin (P = 0.0002). Using ETP and CLT above 75th percentile of the control values as the cut-off levels, we found increased risks of enhanced thrombin generation and hypofibrinolysis in asthmatics, also after correction for potential confounders. ETP and CLT were associated inversely with forced expiratory volume in 1 s/vital capacity (FEV1 /VC) index, after adjustment for age and body mass index. Non-allergic asthma (n = 70, 42.6%) was characterized by 17.5% longer CLT (P = 0.02), which positively associated with PAI-1. Thrombin generation profile was not affected by allergy. CONCLUSION AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE Asthma is associated with enhanced thrombin generation and impaired fibrinolysis, which might contribute to thromboembolic events in this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Bazan-Socha
- Department of Internal Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland
| | - L Mastalerz
- Department of Internal Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland
| | - A Cybulska
- Department of Internal Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland
| | - L Zareba
- Department of Differential Equations and Statistics, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Rzeszow, Rzeszow, Poland
| | - R Kremers
- Synapse bv, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - M Zabczyk
- Centre for Medical Research and Technologies, The John Paul II Hospital, Krakow, Poland
| | - G Pulka
- Allergy and Clinical Immunology Department, University Hospital, Krakow, Poland
| | - T Iwaniec
- Department of Internal Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland
| | - C Hemker
- Synapse bv, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - A Undas
- Department of Internal Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland.,Centre for Medical Research and Technologies, The John Paul II Hospital, Krakow, Poland.,Institute of Cardiology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland
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