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Kim Y, Nam E, Yun Y. Factors associated with depression and suicidal ideation among oldest-old adults aged 85 years or older based on gender, using the survey data of South Korea. Psychogeriatrics 2023; 23:996-1006. [PMID: 37646325 DOI: 10.1111/psyg.13020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2023] [Revised: 06/08/2023] [Accepted: 08/16/2023] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND South Korea is predicted to become a superaged society around 2025. Depression in older adults is a major factor influencing suicide. South Korea exhibits the highest suicide rate among the Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development countries. METHODS This study aimed to examine the factors associated with depression and suicidal ideation among individuals aged 85 years or older based on gender. Data were obtained from the Korea Institute for Health and Social Affairs, 2017. Overall, 768 individuals aged ≥85 years were included in the final analysis. The participants' general, health-related, and social characteristics were analyzed as factors influencing depression and suicidal ideation. RESULTS Among male oldest-old adults, living arrangements and the number of chronic diseases were factors affecting depression, while activities of daily living restrictions and the number of chronic diseases were factors affecting suicidal ideation. Among female oldest-old adults, only the number of chronic diseases affected depression, while financial status and the number of chronic diseases were the factors affecting suicidal ideation. CONCLUSIONS The healthcare and welfare services for older adults must be expanded to cater to oldest-old adults who live alone, have activities of daily living restrictions, and have lower financial status. Additionally, the oldest age group's psychological health must be monitored regularly for depression and suicidal ideation to implement active interventions for this high-risk group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujeong Kim
- College of Nursing, Research Institute of Nursing Science, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, South Korea
| | - Eunhee Nam
- Health Insurance Review and Assessment Service, Wonju, South Korea
| | - Younghee Yun
- School of Nursing, University of California, San Francisco, USA
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Blázquez-Fernández C, Lanza-León P, Cantarero-Prieto D. A systematic review on suicide because of social isolation/and loneliness: does COVID-19 make a difference? J Public Health (Oxf) 2023; 45:680-688. [PMID: 36680431 DOI: 10.1093/pubmed/fdad001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2022] [Revised: 11/29/2022] [Accepted: 01/03/2023] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Suicide is a significant cause of death worldwide. Various purposes can explain why people choose to attempt or commit suicide such as mental-health disorders, income-related-factors, quality of life or issues related to social context. This study aims to identify an updated association between 'isolation' and suicides. METHODS In this regard, we had made a systematic review of the most recent papers, published from January 2016 to March 2022, thought the most acknowledged databases. This review was conducted using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines for systematic reviews. To the best of our knowledge, this issue is very important due to the indirect relationship between COVID-19 and suicides. RESULTS Our analysis demonstrates that suicide and -social isolation and loneliness- have a positive and direct relationship although these findings varied slightly by areas. Moreover, most of the attention is focused on the youth during the most recent period and this is a real problem because economies cannot afford losing (young) population. CONCLUSIONS In order to prevent suicides, public policies should prevent suicidal thoughts that it could induce to terminate the lives of individuals in their most productive years and harmful outcomes to their families and friends.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carla Blázquez-Fernández
- Department of Economics, Universidad de Cantabria, 39005 Santander, Spain
- Research Group of Health Economics and Health Services Management-Research Institute Marqués de Valdecilla (IDIVAL), 39011 Santander, Spain
| | - Paloma Lanza-León
- Department of Economics, Universidad de Cantabria, 39005 Santander, Spain
- Research Group of Health Economics and Health Services Management-Research Institute Marqués de Valdecilla (IDIVAL), 39011 Santander, Spain
| | - David Cantarero-Prieto
- Department of Economics, Universidad de Cantabria, 39005 Santander, Spain
- Research Group of Health Economics and Health Services Management-Research Institute Marqués de Valdecilla (IDIVAL), 39011 Santander, Spain
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Rymo I, Fässberg MM, Kern S, Zetterberg H, Skoog I, Waern M, Sacuiu S. Mild cognitive impairment is associated with passive suicidal ideation in older adults: A population-based study. Acta Psychiatr Scand 2023; 148:91-101. [PMID: 36994943 DOI: 10.1111/acps.13549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2022] [Revised: 02/28/2023] [Accepted: 03/17/2023] [Indexed: 03/31/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the association between MCI and passive/active suicidal ideation in a population-based sample of older adults. METHOD The sample included 916 participants without dementia acquired from the two population-based studies Prospective Population Study of Women (PPSW) and the H70-study. Cognitive status was assessed using a comprehensive neuropsychiatric examination and classified according to the Winblad et al. criteria: 182 participants were classified as cognitively intact, 448 had cognitive impairment but did not fulfill MCI criteria and 286 were diagnosed with MCI. Passive/active suicidal ideation was assessed using the Paykel questions. RESULTS Passive or active suicidal ideation (any level) was reported by 16.0% of those with MCI and 1.1% of those who were cognitively intact. MCI was associated with past year life-weariness (OR 18.32, 95% CI 2.44-137.75) and death wishes (OR 5.30, 95% CI 1.19-23.64) in regression models adjusted for covariates including major depression. Lifetime suicidal ideation was reported more frequently in MCI (35.7%) than in cognitively intact participants (14.8%). MCI was associated with lifetime life-weariness (OR 2.90, 95% CI 1.67-5.05). Among individuals with MCI, impairments in memory and visuospatial ability were associated with both past year and lifetime life-weariness. CONCLUSION Our findings suggest reports of past year as well as lifetime passive suicidal ideation to be more frequent among individuals with MCI compared to those cognitively intact, indicating that individuals with MCI may constitute a high-risk group for suicidal behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irma Rymo
- Neuropsychiatric Epidemiology Unit, Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy, Centre for Ageing and Health AGECAP at the University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Addiction Disorders Clinic, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Region Västra Götaland, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Madeleine Mellqvist Fässberg
- Neuropsychiatric Epidemiology Unit, Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy, Centre for Ageing and Health AGECAP at the University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Silke Kern
- Neuropsychiatric Epidemiology Unit, Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy, Centre for Ageing and Health AGECAP at the University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Psychiatry Cognition and Old Age Psychiatry Department in Mölndal, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Region Västra Götaland, Sweden
| | - Henrik Zetterberg
- Clinical Neurochemistry Laboratory, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Mölndal, Sweden
- Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
- UCL Institute of Neurology, Department of Neurodegenerative Disease, Queen Square, London, UK
- UK Dementia Research Institute at UCL, London, UK
- Hong Kong Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Clear Water Bay, Hong Kong, China
| | - Ingmar Skoog
- Neuropsychiatric Epidemiology Unit, Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy, Centre for Ageing and Health AGECAP at the University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Psychiatry Cognition and Old Age Psychiatry Department in Mölndal, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Region Västra Götaland, Sweden
| | - Margda Waern
- Neuropsychiatric Epidemiology Unit, Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy, Centre for Ageing and Health AGECAP at the University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Psychosis Department, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Region Västra Götaland, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Simona Sacuiu
- Neuropsychiatric Epidemiology Unit, Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy, Centre for Ageing and Health AGECAP at the University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Psychiatry Cognition and Old Age Psychiatry Department in Mölndal, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Region Västra Götaland, Sweden
- Cognitive Disorders Clinic, Theme Inflammation and Aging, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
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Jonson M, Sigström R, Van Orden KA, Fässberg MM, Skoog I, Waern M. Life-Weariness, Wish to Die, Active Suicidal Ideation, and All-Cause Mortality in Population-Based Samples of Older Adults. Am J Geriatr Psychiatry 2023; 31:267-276. [PMID: 36369206 DOI: 10.1016/j.jagp.2022.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2022] [Revised: 10/13/2022] [Accepted: 10/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To investigate potential differences in the strength of associations between different levels of passive and active suicidal ideation and all-cause mortality in older adults. DESIGN Prospective cohort study. SETTING Population-based samples of older adults in Gothenburg, Sweden. PARTICIPANTS Older adults aged 79 and above who participated in any wave of the Gothenburg H70 Birth Cohort Studies or the Prospective Population Study of Women between 1986 and 2015 (n = 2,438; 1,737 women, 701 men; mean age 86.6). MEASUREMENTS Most intense level of passive or active suicidal ideation during the past month: life-weariness, wish to die, or active suicidal ideation. The outcome was all-cause mortality over 3 years. RESULTS During follow-up, 672 participants (27.6%) died. After adjustments for sex, age, and year of examination, participants who reported a wish to die (HR 2.01; 95% CI 1.55-2.60) as the most intense level of ideation, but not participants who reported life-weariness (HR 1.40; 95% CI 0.88-2.21) or active suicidal ideation (HR 1.10; 95% CI 0.69-1.76) were at increased risk of all-cause mortality. Reporting a wish to die remained associated with mortality in a fully adjusted model, including somatic conditions, dementia, depression, and loneliness (HR 1.70; 95% CI 1.27-2.26). CONCLUSION In older adults, reporting a wish to die appears to be more strongly associated with all-cause mortality than either life-weariness or active suicidal ideation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mattias Jonson
- Center for Ageing and Health (Age Cap), Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry (MJ, RS, MMF, IS,MW), Gothenburg University, Gothenburg, Sweden; Neuropsychiatric Epidemiology Unit, Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, Sahlgrenska Academy, (MJ, RS, MMF,MW), University of Gothenburg, Sweden; Region Västra Götaland, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Department of Affective Psychiatry, (MJ) Gothenburg, Sweden.
| | - Robert Sigström
- Center for Ageing and Health (Age Cap), Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry (MJ, RS, MMF, IS,MW), Gothenburg University, Gothenburg, Sweden; Neuropsychiatric Epidemiology Unit, Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, Sahlgrenska Academy, (MJ, RS, MMF,MW), University of Gothenburg, Sweden; Region Västra Götaland, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Department of Cognition and Old Age Psychiatry, (RS, IS), Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Kimberly A Van Orden
- School of Medicine and Dentistry, (KAVO), University of Rochester Medical Center
| | - Madeleine Mellqvist Fässberg
- Center for Ageing and Health (Age Cap), Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry (MJ, RS, MMF, IS,MW), Gothenburg University, Gothenburg, Sweden; Neuropsychiatric Epidemiology Unit, Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, Sahlgrenska Academy, (MJ, RS, MMF,MW), University of Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Ingmar Skoog
- Center for Ageing and Health (Age Cap), Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry (MJ, RS, MMF, IS,MW), Gothenburg University, Gothenburg, Sweden; Neuropsychiatric Epidemiology Unit, Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, Sahlgrenska Academy, (MJ, RS, MMF,MW), University of Gothenburg, Sweden; Region Västra Götaland, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Department of Cognition and Old Age Psychiatry, (RS, IS), Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Margda Waern
- Center for Ageing and Health (Age Cap), Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry (MJ, RS, MMF, IS,MW), Gothenburg University, Gothenburg, Sweden; Neuropsychiatric Epidemiology Unit, Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, Sahlgrenska Academy, (MJ, RS, MMF,MW), University of Gothenburg, Sweden; Region Västra Götaland, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Psychosis Department, (MW), Gothenburg, Sweden
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Hedna K, Fastbom J, Jonson M, Wilhelmson K, Waern M. Psychoactive medication use and risk of suicide in long-term care facility residents. Int J Geriatr Psychiatry 2022; 37:10.1002/gps.5684. [PMID: 35142388 PMCID: PMC9306521 DOI: 10.1002/gps.5684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2021] [Accepted: 01/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To investigate psychoactive medication use and risk of suicide in long-term care facility (LTCF) residents aged 75 and above. A second aim was to investigate the role of psychiatric and medical conditions in the occurrence of suicide in LTCF residents. METHODS A Swedish national register-based cohort study of LTFC residents aged ≥75 years between 1 January 2008 and 31 December 2015, and followed until 31 December 2016 (N = 288,305). Fine and Gray regression models were used to analyse associations with suicide. RESULTS The study identified 110 suicides (15.8 per 100,000 person-years). Half of these occurred during the first year of residence. Overall, 54% of those who died by suicide were on hypnotics and 45% were on antidepressants. Adjusted sub-hazard ratio (aSHR) for suicide was decreased in those who were on antidepressants (aSHR 0.64, 95% confidence interval 0.42-0.97), even after the exclusion of residents who had healthcare contacts for dementia or were on anti-dementia drugs. The aSHR for suicide was more than two-fold higher in those who were on hypnotics (2.20, 1.46-3.31). Suicide risk was particularly elevated in those with an episode of self-harm prior to LTCF admittance (15.78, 10.01-24.87). Specialized care for depression was associated with increased risk, while medical morbidity was not. CONCLUSIONS A lower risk of suicide in LTCF residents was found in users of antidepressants, while elevated risk was observed in those on hypnotics. Our findings suggest that more can be done to prevent suicide in this setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khedidja Hedna
- AgeCap Center, Department of Psychiatry and NeurochemistryGothenburg UniversityGothenburgSweden,Statistikkonsulterna ABGothenburgSweden
| | - Johan Fastbom
- Aging Research CenterKarolinska Institute and Stockholm UniversityStockholmSweden
| | - Mattias Jonson
- AgeCap Center, Department of Psychiatry and NeurochemistryGothenburg UniversityGothenburgSweden,Neuropsychiatric Epidemiology Unit, Department of Psychiatry and NeurochemistrySahlgrenska Academy, University of GothenburgGothenburgSweden,Affective ClinicRegion Västra Götaland, Sahlgrenska University HospitalGothenburgSweden
| | - Katarina Wilhelmson
- AgeCap Center, Department of Psychiatry and NeurochemistryGothenburg UniversityGothenburgSweden,Department of Health and RehabilitationInstitute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of GothenburgGothenburgSweden,Department of Acute Medicine and GeriatricsRegion Västra Götaland, Sahlgrenska University HospitalGothenburgSweden
| | - Margda Waern
- AgeCap Center, Department of Psychiatry and NeurochemistryGothenburg UniversityGothenburgSweden,Psychosis ClinicRegion Västra Götaland, Sahlgrenska University HospitalGothenburgSweden
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