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Ta Park VM, Meyer OL, Tsoh JY, Kanaya AM, Tzuang M, Nam B, Vuong Q, Bang J, Hinton L, Gallagher-Thompson D, Grill JD. The Collaborative Approach for Asian Americans and Pacific Islanders Research and Education (CARE): A recruitment registry for Alzheimer's disease and related dementias, aging, and caregiver-related research. Alzheimers Dement 2023; 19:433-443. [PMID: 35420258 PMCID: PMC9562598 DOI: 10.1002/alz.12667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2021] [Revised: 01/20/2022] [Accepted: 02/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Clinical research focused on aging, Alzheimer's disease and related dementias (ADRD), and caregiving often does not recruit Asian Americans and Pacific Islanders (AAPIs). METHODS With funding from the National Institute on Aging, we designed and launched the Collaborative Approach for AAPIs Research and Education (CARE), a research recruitment registry to increase AAPIs' participation in ADRD, aging, and caregiving research. We present the design of this novel recruitment program. RESULTS CARE uses community-based participatory research methods that are culturally and linguistically appropriate. Since CARE's launch, it has enrolled >7000 AAPIs in a 1-year period. The majority enrolled in CARE via community organizations and reported never having participated in any kind of research before. CARE also engages researchers by establishing a recruitment referral request protocol. DISCUSSION CARE provides a promising venue to foster meaningful inclusion of AAPIs who are under-represented in aging and dementia-related research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Van M. Ta Park
- Department of Community Health Systems, School of Nursing, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
- Asian American Research Center on Health (ARCH), University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Oanh L. Meyer
- Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, University of California Davis, Sacramento, California, USA
| | - Janice Y. Tsoh
- Asian American Research Center on Health (ARCH), University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Alka M. Kanaya
- Asian American Research Center on Health (ARCH), University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
- Department of Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Marian Tzuang
- Department of Community Health Systems, School of Nursing, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Bora Nam
- Department of Community Health Systems, School of Nursing, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Quyen Vuong
- International Children Assistance Network, Milpitas, California, USA
| | - Joon Bang
- National Asian Pacific Center on Aging, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Ladson Hinton
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of California Davis, Davis, California, USA
| | - Dolores Gallagher-Thompson
- Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA
- Optimal Aging Center, Los Altos, California, USA
| | - Joshua D. Grill
- Institute for Memory Impairments and Neurological Disorders, University of California Irvine, Irvine, California, USA
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Godbole N, Kwon SC, Beasley JM, Roberts T, Kranick J, Smilowitz J, Park A, Sherman SE, Trinh-Shevrin C, Chodosh J. Assessing Equitable Inclusion of Underrepresented Older Adults in Alzheimer's Disease, Related Cognitive Disorders, and Aging-Related Research: A Scoping Review. THE GERONTOLOGIST 2022:6574426. [PMID: 35472166 DOI: 10.1093/geront/gnac060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2021] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES The rapidly aging and diversifying U.S. population is challenged by increases in prevalence of Alzheimer's disease (AD) and aging-related disorders. We conducted a scoping review to assess equitable inclusion of diverse older adult populations in aging research focused on National Institutes of Health (NIH)-sponsored research. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS The scoping review was conducted following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA-Scr) Protocol. The search was limited to NIH-funded studies focusing on aging, AD and Alzheimer's disease-related dementias (ADRD) and included adults aged 55+. The priority populations and health disparities put forth by the NIA Health Disparities Framework serve as a model for guiding inclusion criteria and for interpreting the representation of these underrepresented groups, including racial ethnic minorities, socioeconomically disadvantaged, rural populations, groups with disabilities, and LGBTQ communities. RESULTS Our search identified 1,177 records, of which 436 articles were included in the analysis. Inclusion of individuals with ADRD and mild cognitive impairment, racial ethnic minorities, rural populations, socioeconomically disadvantaged, groups with disabilities, and LGBTQ communities were poorly specified in most studies. Studies used multiple recruitment methods, conducting studies in community settings (59%) and hospitals/clinics (38%) most frequently. Incentives, convenience factors, and sustained engagement via community-based and care partners were identified as key strategies for improved retention. DISCUSSION AND IMPLICATIONS This scoping review identified gaps in existing literature and aims for future work, including stronger research focus on, better inclusion of, and improved data collection and reporting of older adults from underrepresented groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nisha Godbole
- Renaissance School of Medicine at Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Agnes Park
- NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Scott E Sherman
- NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA.,VA New York Harbor Healthcare System, New York, NY, USA
| | | | - Joshua Chodosh
- NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA.,VA New York Harbor Healthcare System, New York, NY, USA
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Ta Park V, Grill JD, Zhu J, Nguyen K, Nam B, Tsoh J, Kanaya A, Vuong Q, Bang J, Nguyen NCY, Cho IH, Gallagher‐Thompson D, Hinton L, Meyer OL. Asian Americans and Pacific Islanders' perspectives on participating in the CARE recruitment research registry for Alzheimer's disease and related dementias, aging, and caregiving research. ALZHEIMER'S & DEMENTIA (NEW YORK, N. Y.) 2021; 7:e12195. [PMID: 34295961 PMCID: PMC8288079 DOI: 10.1002/trc2.12195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2021] [Revised: 04/23/2021] [Accepted: 05/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION This study elicited Asian Americans and Pacific Islanders' (AAPI) perspectives about recruitment strategies/messaging for participation in an aging, Alzheimer's disease and related dementias (ADRD), and caregiving research recruitment registry. METHODS Using a mixed methods design, CARE (Collaborative Approach for AAPI Research and Education) conducted 14 focus groups (N = 123) with AAPI cultural groups (Asian Indian, Chinese, Filipino, Japanese, Korean, Samoan, Vietnamese) in different languages. Descriptive statistics and thematic qualitative analyses were conducted. RESULTS Mean age of participants was 54 years (median: 61; range 18-80), 66% were female, and 81% were foreign-born. Themes of consideration for recruitment emerged: (1) culturally/linguistically appropriate outreach in culturally specific spaces, (2) motivations for research participation, and (3) approaches to outreach and recruitment methods. Within each of these themes, there were ethnic differences in specific strategies/approaches reflected as subthemes. DISCUSSION Recruitment and messaging strategies should be tailored uniquely for each targeted AAPI group, with a thorough understanding of the cultural/linguistic factors that facilitate research participation to increase AAPI participation in ADRD, aging, and caregiver-related research. .
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Affiliation(s)
- Van Ta Park
- Department of Community Health SystemsSan FranciscoUniversity of CaliforniaSan FranciscoCaliforniaUSA
- Asian American Research Center on HealthSan FranciscoUniversity of CaliforniaSan FranciscoCaliforniaUSA
| | - Joshua D. Grill
- Institute for Memory Impairments and Neurological DisordersIrvineUniversity of CaliforniaIrvineCaliforniaUSA
| | - Jeanette Zhu
- Department of Community Health SystemsSan FranciscoUniversity of CaliforniaSan FranciscoCaliforniaUSA
| | - Khue Nguyen
- International Children Assistance NetworkSan JoseCaliforniaUSA
| | - Bora Nam
- Department of Community Health SystemsSan FranciscoUniversity of CaliforniaSan FranciscoCaliforniaUSA
| | - Janice Tsoh
- Asian American Research Center on HealthSan FranciscoUniversity of CaliforniaSan FranciscoCaliforniaUSA
- Department of PsychiatrySan FranciscoUniversity of CaliforniaSan FranciscoCaliforniaUSA
| | - Alka Kanaya
- Asian American Research Center on HealthSan FranciscoUniversity of CaliforniaSan FranciscoCaliforniaUSA
- Department of MedicineSan FranciscoUniversity of CaliforniaSan FranciscoCaliforniaUSA
| | - Quyen Vuong
- International Children Assistance NetworkSan JoseCaliforniaUSA
| | - Joon Bang
- National Asian Pacific Center on AgingSeattleWashingtonUSA
| | - Nhi Cristina Y. Nguyen
- Department of Public Health and RecreationSan Jose State UniversitySan JoseCaliforniaUSA
| | - In Hyang Cho
- School of NursingSan Jose State UniversitySan JoseCaliforniaUSA
| | | | - Ladson Hinton
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral SciencesDavisUniversity of CaliforniaDavisCaliforniaUSA
| | - Oanh L. Meyer
- Department of NeurologyDavisUniversity of CaliforniaDavisCaliforniaUSA
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Saif N, Berkowitz C, Tripathi S, Scheyer O, Caesar E, Hristov H, Hackett K, Rahman A, Knowlton N, Sadek G, Lee P, McInnis M, Isaacson RS. Effectiveness of online education for recruitment to an Alzheimer's disease prevention clinical trial. ALZHEIMER'S & DEMENTIA (NEW YORK, N. Y.) 2020; 6:e12006. [PMID: 32211509 PMCID: PMC7085257 DOI: 10.1002/trc2.12006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2019] [Accepted: 01/13/2020] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Low awareness of Alzheimer's disease (AD) clinical trials is a recruitment barrier. To assess whether online education may affect screening rates for AD prevention clinical trials, we conducted an initial prospective cohort study (n = 10,450) and subsequent randomized study (n = 351) using an online digital tool: AlzU.org. METHODS A total of 10,450 participants were enrolled in an initial cohort study and asked to complete a six-lesson course on AlzU.org, as well as a baseline and 6-month follow-up questionnaire. Participants were stratified into three groups based on lesson completion at 6 months: group 1 (zero to one lesson completed), group 2 (two to four lessons), and group 3 (five or more lessons). For the subsequent randomized-controlled trial (RCT), 351 new participants were enrolled in a six-lesson course (n = 180) versus a time-neutral control (n = 171). Screening and enrollment in the Anti-Amyloid Treatment in Asymptomatic AD (A4) clinical trial were reported via the 6-month questionnaire and are the primary outcomes. RESULTS Cohort: 3.9% of group 1, 5% of group 2, and 8.4% of group 3 screened for the A4 trial. Significant differences were found among the groups (P < 0.001). Post hoc analyses showed differences in A4 screening rates between groups 1 and 3 (P < 0.001) and groups 2 and 3 (P = 0.0194). There were no differences in enrollment among the three groups. RCT: 2.78% of the intervention group screened for A4 compared to 0% of controls (P = 0.0611). DISCUSSION Online education via the AlzU.org digital tool may serve as an effective strategy to supplement clinical trial recruitment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nabeel Saif
- Department of NeurologyWeill Cornell Medicine & New York‐PresbyterianNew YorkNew York
| | - Cara Berkowitz
- Department of NeurologyWeill Cornell Medicine & New York‐PresbyterianNew YorkNew York
| | - Susmit Tripathi
- Department of NeurologyWeill Cornell Medicine & New York‐PresbyterianNew YorkNew York
| | - Olivia Scheyer
- School of LawUniversity of California Los AngelesLos AngelesCalifornia
| | | | - Hollie Hristov
- Department of NeurologyWeill Cornell Medicine & New York‐PresbyterianNew YorkNew York
| | | | - Aneela Rahman
- Department of NeurologyWeill Cornell Medicine & New York‐PresbyterianNew YorkNew York
| | | | - George Sadek
- Department of NeurologyWeill Cornell Medicine & New York‐PresbyterianNew YorkNew York
| | - Paige Lee
- College of Letters and ScienceUniversity of California Los AngelesLos AngelesCalifornia
| | | | - Richard S. Isaacson
- Department of NeurologyWeill Cornell Medicine & New York‐PresbyterianNew YorkNew York
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Chen B, Jin H, Yang Z, Qu Y, Weng H, Hao T. An approach for transgender population information extraction and summarization from clinical trial text. BMC Med Inform Decis Mak 2019; 19:62. [PMID: 30961595 PMCID: PMC6454593 DOI: 10.1186/s12911-019-0768-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Gender information frequently exists in the eligibility criteria of clinical trial text as essential information for participant population recruitment. Particularly, current eligibility criteria text contains the incompleteness and ambiguity issues in expressing transgender population, leading to difficulties or even failure of transgender population recruitment in clinical trial studies. Methods A new gender model is proposed for providing comprehensive transgender requirement specification. In addition, an automated approach is developed to extract and summarize gender requirements from unstructured text in accordance with the gender model. This approach consists of: 1) the feature extraction module, and 2) the feature summarization module. The first module identifies and extracts gender features using heuristic rules and automatically-generated patterns. The second module summarizes gender requirements by relation inference. Results Based on 100,134 clinical trials from ClinicalTrials.gov, our approach was compared with 20 commonly applied machine learning methods. It achieved a macro-averaged precision of 0.885, a macro-averaged recall of 0.871 and a macro-averaged F1-measure of 0.878. The results illustrated that our approach outperformed all baseline methods in terms of both commonly used metrics and macro-averaged metrics. Conclusions This study presented a new gender model aiming for specifying the transgender requirement more precisely. We also proposed an approach for gender information extraction and summarization from unstructured clinical text to enhance transgender-related clinical trial population recruitment. The experiment results demonstrated that the approach was effective in transgender criteria extraction and summarization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Boyu Chen
- School of Information Science and Technology, Guangdong University of Foreign Studies, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hao Jin
- School of Information Science and Technology, Guangdong University of Foreign Studies, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhiwen Yang
- School of Information Science and Technology, Guangdong University of Foreign Studies, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yingying Qu
- School of Business, Guangdong University of Foreign Studies, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Heng Weng
- The Second Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Tianyong Hao
- School of Computer Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China.
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The Effectiveness of Small-group Community-based Information Sessions on Clinical Trial Recruitment for Secondary Prevention of Alzheimer's Disease. Alzheimer Dis Assoc Disord 2017; 31:141-145. [PMID: 27213625 DOI: 10.1097/wad.0000000000000151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Effective and practical recruitment strategies are needed to ensure successful recruitment into the Alzheimer disease clinical trials. To facilitate successful recruitment for the NIH-sponsored A4 (Anti-Amyloid treatment in Asymptomatic Alzheimer's disease, NCT02008357) trial for the secondary prevention of Alzheimer disease, we developed a small-group community information session to attract and recruit potential research participants. After a successful media campaign, 213 participants were screened through telephone for eligibility, identifying 127 potential participants. Participants were given the option of a traditional one-on-one recruitment session or a small-group session. One-on-one recruitment was performed for 15 participants requesting this procedure, and yielded an overall recruitment rate of 67% (n=10). Substantially more individuals (n=112, 88%) requested small-group sessions to learn about the study. After attending the small-group informational sessions, 98% of potential participants self-reported a greater understanding of the study; and the recruitment rate from these sessions was 90%. Small-group sessions not only improved recruitment success rates, but also contributed to significantly shorter median time for consent processes (20 vs. 60 min) and reduced staff time spent on persons not recruited. Small-group education programs are an effective strategy for enhancing recruitment success and facilitating practical recruitment into clinical trials with high recruitment demands.
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Grill JD, Holbrook A, Pierce A, Hoang D, Gillen DL. Attitudes toward Potential Participant Registries. J Alzheimers Dis 2017; 56:939-946. [PMID: 28106553 PMCID: PMC5533604 DOI: 10.3233/jad-160873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Difficult participant recruitment is a consistent barrier to successful medical research. Potential participant registries represent an increasingly common intervention to overcome this barrier. A variety of models for registries exist, but few data are available to instruct their design and implementation. To provide such data, we surveyed 110 cognitively normal research participants enrolled in a longitudinal study of aging and dementia. Seventy-four (67%) individuals participated in the study. Most (78%, CI: 0.67, 0.87) participants were likely to enroll in a registry. Willingness to participate was reduced for registries that required enrollment through the Internet using a password (26%, CI: 0.16, 0.36) or through email (38%, CI: 0.27, 0.49). Respondents acknowledged their expectations that researchers share information about their health and risk for disease and their concerns that their data could be shared with for-profit companies. We found no difference in respondent preferences for registries that shared contact information with researchers, compared to honest broker models that take extra precautions to protect registrant confidentiality (28% versus 30%; p = 0.46). Compared to those preferring a shared information model, respondents who preferred the honest broker model or who lacked model preference voiced increased concerns about sharing registrant data, especially with for-profit organizations. These results suggest that the design of potential participant registries may impact the population enrolled, and hence the population that will eventually be enrolled in clinical studies. Investigators operating registries may need to offer particular assurances about data security to maximize registry enrollment but also must carefully manage participant expectations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua D. Grill
- Institute for Memory Impairments and Neurological Disorders and Alzheimer’s Disease Research Center, University of California, Irvine, CA, USA
- Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, University of California, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Andrew Holbrook
- Institute for Memory Impairments and Neurological Disorders and Alzheimer’s Disease Research Center, University of California, Irvine, CA, USA
- Department of Statistics, University of California, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Aimee Pierce
- Institute for Memory Impairments and Neurological Disorders and Alzheimer’s Disease Research Center, University of California, Irvine, CA, USA
- Department of Neurology, University of California, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Dan Hoang
- Institute for Memory Impairments and Neurological Disorders and Alzheimer’s Disease Research Center, University of California, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Daniel L. Gillen
- Institute for Memory Impairments and Neurological Disorders and Alzheimer’s Disease Research Center, University of California, Irvine, CA, USA
- Department of Statistics, University of California, Irvine, CA, USA
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Ma H, DaSilva NA, Liu W, Nahar PP, Wei Z, Liu Y, Pham PT, Crews R, Vattem DA, Slitt AL, Shaikh ZA, Seeram NP. Effects of a Standardized Phenolic-Enriched Maple Syrup Extract on β-Amyloid Aggregation, Neuroinflammation in Microglial and Neuronal Cells, and β-Amyloid Induced Neurotoxicity in Caenorhabditis elegans. Neurochem Res 2016; 41:2836-2847. [PMID: 27418278 PMCID: PMC5819752 DOI: 10.1007/s11064-016-1998-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2016] [Revised: 06/27/2016] [Accepted: 06/30/2016] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Published data supports the neuroprotective effects of several phenolic-containing natural products, including certain fruit, berries, spices, nuts, green tea, and olive oil. However, limited data are available for phenolic-containing plant-derived natural sweeteners including maple syrup. Herein, we investigated the neuroprotective effects of a chemically standardized phenolic-enriched maple syrup extract (MSX) using a combination of biophysical, in vitro, and in vivo studies. Based on biophysical data (Thioflavin T assay, transmission electron microscopy, circular dichroism, dynamic light scattering, and zeta potential), MSX reduced amyloid β1-42 peptide (Aβ1-42) fibrillation in a concentration-dependent manner (50-500 μg/mL) with similar effects as the neuroprotective polyphenol, resveratrol, at its highest test concentration (63.5 % at 500 μg/mL vs. 77.3 % at 50 μg/mL, respectively). MSX (100 μg/mL) decreased H2O2-induced oxidative stress (16.1 % decrease in ROS levels compared to control), and down-regulated the production of lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated inflammatory markers (22.1, 19.9, 74.8, and 87.6 % decrease in NOS, IL-6, PGE2, and TNFα levels, respectively, compared to control) in murine BV-2 microglial cells. Moreover, in a non-contact co-culture cell model, differentiated human SH-SY5Y neuronal cells were exposed to conditioned media from BV-2 cells treated with MSX (100 μg/mL) and LPS or LPS alone. MSX-BV-2 media increased SH-SY5Y cell viability by 13.8 % compared to media collected from LPS-BV-2 treated cells. Also, MSX (10 μg/mL) showed protective effects against Aβ1-42 induced neurotoxicity and paralysis in Caenorhabditis elegans in vivo. These data support the potential neuroprotective effects of MSX warranting further studies on this natural product.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hang Ma
- Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI, 02881, USA
| | - Nicholas A DaSilva
- Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI, 02881, USA
| | - Weixi Liu
- Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI, 02881, USA
| | - Pragati P Nahar
- Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI, 02881, USA
| | - Zhengxi Wei
- Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI, 02881, USA
| | - Yongqiang Liu
- Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI, 02881, USA
| | - Priscilla T Pham
- Nutrition Biomedicine and Biotechnology, Texas State University, San Marcos, TX, 78666, USA
| | - Rebecca Crews
- Nutrition Biomedicine and Biotechnology, Texas State University, San Marcos, TX, 78666, USA
| | - Dhiraj A Vattem
- Nutrition Biomedicine and Biotechnology, Texas State University, San Marcos, TX, 78666, USA
- School of Applied Health Sciences and Wellness, Grover Center E160A, Ohio University, Athens, OH, 45701, USA
| | - Angela L Slitt
- Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI, 02881, USA
| | - Zahir A Shaikh
- Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI, 02881, USA
| | - Navindra P Seeram
- Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI, 02881, USA.
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Klein E, Karlawish J. Ethical issues in the neurology of aging and cognitive decline. HANDBOOK OF CLINICAL NEUROLOGY 2013; 118:233-42. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-444-53501-6.00020-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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