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Huang G, Zhang H, Yang Z, Li Q, Yuan H, Chen P, Xie C, Meng B, Zhang X, Chen K, Yu H. Predictive value of HTS grade in patients with intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma undergoing radical resection: a multicenter study from China. World J Surg Oncol 2024; 22:17. [PMID: 38200585 PMCID: PMC10782600 DOI: 10.1186/s12957-023-03281-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2023] [Accepted: 12/09/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC) is a highly malignant tumor with a poor prognosis. This study aimed to investigate whether Hemoglobin, Albumin, Lymphocytes, and Platelets (HALP) score and Tumor Burden Score (TBS) serves as independent influencing factors following radical resection in patients with ICC. Furthermore, we sought to evaluate the predictive capacity of the combined HALP and TBS grade, referred to as HTS grade, and to develop a prognostic prediction model. METHODS Clinical data for ICC patients who underwent radical resection were retrospectively analyzed. Univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses were first used to find influencing factors of prognosis for ICC. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were then used to find the optimal cut-off values for HALP score and TBS and to compare the predictive ability of HALP, TBS, and HTS grade using the area under these curves (AUC). Nomogram prediction models were constructed and validated based on the results of the multivariate analysis. RESULTS Among 423 patients, 234 (55.3%) were male and 202 (47.8) were aged ≥ 60 years. The cut-off value of HALP was found to be 37.1 and for TBS to be 6.3. Our univariate results showed that HALP, TBS, and HTS grade were prognostic factors of ICC patients (all P < 0.05), and ROC results showed that HTS had the best predictive value. The Kaplan-Meier curve showed that the prognosis of ICC patients was worse with increasing HTS grade. Additionally, multivariate regression analysis showed that HTS grade, carbohydrate antigen 19-9 (CA19-9), tumor differentiation, and vascular invasion were independent influencing factors for Overall survival (OS) and that HTS grade, CA19-9, CEA, vascular invasion and lymph node invasion were independent influencing factors for recurrence-free survival (RFS) (all P < 0.05). In the first, second, and third years of the training group, the AUCs for OS were 0.867, 0.902, and 0.881, and the AUCs for RFS were 0.849, 0.841, and 0.899, respectively. In the first, second, and third years of the validation group, the AUCs for OS were 0.727, 0.771, and 0.763, and the AUCs for RFS were 0.733, 0.746, and 0.801, respectively. Through the examination of calibration curves and using decision curve analysis (DCA), nomograms based on HTS grade showed excellent predictive performance. CONCLUSIONS Our nomograms based on HTS grade had excellent predictive effects and may thus be able to help clinicians provide individualized clinical decision for ICC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guan Huang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China
| | - Haofeng Zhang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China
| | - Zhenwei Yang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, People's Hospital of Henan University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China
| | - Qingshan Li
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Henan Province People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China
| | - Hao Yuan
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China
| | - Pengyu Chen
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, People's Hospital of Henan University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China
| | - Chenxi Xie
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China
| | - Bo Meng
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China
| | - Xianzhou Zhang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China
| | - Kunlun Chen
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China
| | - Haibo Yu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China.
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Choi WJ, Walker R, Rajendran L, Jones O, Gravely A, Englesakis M, Gallinger S, Hirschfield G, Hansen B, Sapisochin G. Call to Improve the Quality of Prediction Tools for Intrahepatic Cholangiocarcinoma Resection: A Critical Appraisal, Systematic Review, and External Validation Study. ANNALS OF SURGERY OPEN 2023; 4:e328. [PMID: 37746604 PMCID: PMC10513309 DOI: 10.1097/as9.0000000000000328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2023] [Accepted: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 09/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective To conduct a systematic review, critical appraisal, and external validation of survival prediction tools for patients undergoing intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (iCCA) resection. Summary background data Despite the development of several survival prediction tools in recent years for patients undergoing iCCA resections, there is a lack of critical appraisal and external validation of these models. Methods We conducted a systematic review and critical appraisal of survival and recurrence prediction models for patients undergoing curative-intent iCCA resections. Studies were evaluated based on their model design, risk of bias, reporting, performance, and validation results. We identified the best model and externally validated it using our institution's data. Results This review included a total of 31 studies, consisting of 26 studies with original prediction tools and 5 studies that only conducted external validations. Among the 26, 54% of the studies conducted internal validations, 46% conducted external validations, and only 1 study scored a low risk of bias. Harrell's C-statistics ranged from 0.67 to 0.76 for internal validation and from 0.64 to 0.75 for external validation. Only 81% of the studies reported model calibration. Our external validation of the best model (Intrahepatic Cholangiocarcinoma [ICC]-Metroticket) estimated Harrell's and Uno's C-statistics of 0.67 (95% CI: 0.56-0.77) and Uno's time-dependent area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) of 0.71 (95% CI: 0.53-0.88), with a Brier score of 0.20 (95% CI: 0.15-0.26) and good calibration plots. Conclusions Many prediction models have been published in recent years, but their quality remains poor, and minimal methodological quality improvement has been observed. The ICC-Metroticket was selected as the best model (Uno's time-dependent AUC of 0.71) for 5-year overall survival prediction in patients undergoing curative-intent iCCA resection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Woo Jin Choi
- From the Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Richard Walker
- From the Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Luckshi Rajendran
- From the Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Owen Jones
- University Health Network, HPB Surgical Oncology, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Annie Gravely
- University Health Network, HPB Surgical Oncology, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Marina Englesakis
- Library and Information Services, University Health Network, Toronto, Canada
| | - Steven Gallinger
- From the Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- University Health Network, HPB Surgical Oncology, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Gideon Hirschfield
- Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Toronto Centre for Liver Disease, Toronto General Hospital, University Health Network, Toronto, Canada
| | - Bettina Hansen
- Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Toronto Centre for Liver Disease, Toronto General Hospital, University Health Network, Toronto, Canada
- Department of Epidemiology & Biostatistics, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Gonzalo Sapisochin
- From the Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- University Health Network, HPB Surgical Oncology, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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Sa-Ngiamwibool P, Aphivatanasiri C, Sangkhamanon S, Intarawichian P, Kunprom W, Thanee M, Prajumwongs P, Loilome W, Khuntikeo N, Titapun A, Jareanrat A, Thanasukarn V, Srisuk T, Luvira V, Eurboonyanun K, Promsorn J, Wee A, Koonmee S. Modification of the AJCC/UICC 8th edition staging system for intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma: proposal for an alternative staging system from cholangiocarcinoma-prevalent Northeast Thailand. HPB (Oxford) 2022; 24:1944-1956. [PMID: 35810105 DOI: 10.1016/j.hpb.2022.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2022] [Revised: 04/18/2022] [Accepted: 06/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (iCCA) arises from bile ducts within the liver. Thailand has the highest incidence of CCA worldwide, with a high mortality rate. Early diagnosis and accurate prognostic stratification can improve overall survival. We aim to modify the AJCC/UICC 8th edition staging system for iCCA by creating the Khon Kaen University (KKU) staging system for more precise patient stratification and prognostic prediction. METHODS A total of 298 iCCA patients who underwent hepatectomy were included in this retrospective study at the Srinagarind Hospital, Khon Kaen University, Thailand. Univariate and multivariate analysis were performed to examine survival rate, hazard ratio, and prognostic factors. RESULTS Univariate and multivariate analysis of the cohort showed that growth patterns, histological type, histological grade, lymph node metastasis and distant metastasis were independent prognostic factors when compared to the respective reference groups. The 8th AJCC staging system incorporated growth patterns into the KKU staging system. This model modified AJCC stages I, II, and III for better prediction of patient survival. CONCLUSION Growth patterns were incorporated to improve the 8th AJCC staging system for prognostication of iCCA patients in Northeast Thailand. We propose the KKU staging system as an alternative model for iCCA staging to augment the accuracy of survival prognostication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prakasit Sa-Ngiamwibool
- Cholangiocarcinoma Screening and Care Program (CASCAP), Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand; Cholangiocarcinoma Research Institute, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand; Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Chaiwat Aphivatanasiri
- Cholangiocarcinoma Screening and Care Program (CASCAP), Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand; Cholangiocarcinoma Research Institute, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand; Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Sakkarn Sangkhamanon
- Cholangiocarcinoma Screening and Care Program (CASCAP), Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand; Cholangiocarcinoma Research Institute, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand; Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Piyapharom Intarawichian
- Cholangiocarcinoma Screening and Care Program (CASCAP), Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand; Cholangiocarcinoma Research Institute, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand; Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Waritta Kunprom
- Cholangiocarcinoma Screening and Care Program (CASCAP), Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand; Cholangiocarcinoma Research Institute, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand; Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Malinee Thanee
- Cholangiocarcinoma Screening and Care Program (CASCAP), Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand; Cholangiocarcinoma Research Institute, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand; Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Piya Prajumwongs
- Cholangiocarcinoma Screening and Care Program (CASCAP), Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand; Cholangiocarcinoma Research Institute, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand; Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Watcharin Loilome
- Cholangiocarcinoma Screening and Care Program (CASCAP), Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand; Cholangiocarcinoma Research Institute, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand; Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Narong Khuntikeo
- Cholangiocarcinoma Screening and Care Program (CASCAP), Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand; Cholangiocarcinoma Research Institute, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand; Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Attapol Titapun
- Cholangiocarcinoma Screening and Care Program (CASCAP), Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand; Cholangiocarcinoma Research Institute, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand; Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Apiwat Jareanrat
- Cholangiocarcinoma Screening and Care Program (CASCAP), Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand; Cholangiocarcinoma Research Institute, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand; Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Vasin Thanasukarn
- Cholangiocarcinoma Screening and Care Program (CASCAP), Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand; Cholangiocarcinoma Research Institute, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand; Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Tharatip Srisuk
- Cholangiocarcinoma Screening and Care Program (CASCAP), Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand; Cholangiocarcinoma Research Institute, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand; Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Vor Luvira
- Cholangiocarcinoma Screening and Care Program (CASCAP), Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand; Cholangiocarcinoma Research Institute, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand; Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Kulyada Eurboonyanun
- Cholangiocarcinoma Screening and Care Program (CASCAP), Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand; Cholangiocarcinoma Research Institute, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand; Department of Radiology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Julaluck Promsorn
- Cholangiocarcinoma Screening and Care Program (CASCAP), Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand; Cholangiocarcinoma Research Institute, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand; Department of Radiology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Aileen Wee
- Department of Pathology, National University Hospital, Singapore
| | - Supinda Koonmee
- Cholangiocarcinoma Screening and Care Program (CASCAP), Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand; Cholangiocarcinoma Research Institute, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand; Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand.
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4
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Cui H, Li Y, Li S, Liu G. Prognostic utility of preoperative inflammatory markers in patients with intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma after hepatic resection: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Cancer Med 2022; 12:99-110. [PMID: 35692190 PMCID: PMC9844628 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.4935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2022] [Revised: 04/21/2022] [Accepted: 05/25/2022] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The prognostic value of preoperative systemic inflammatory markers, including the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR), and lymphocyte-to-monocyte ratio (LMR), remains controversial in patients with intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC). Therefore, this meta-analysis aimed to investigate the prognostic value of preoperative NLR, PLR, and LMR in patients with ICC who underwent hepatic resection. METHODS We conducted a comprehensive search of four electronic databases. Two researchers assessed the quality of the available data using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale. We selected overall survival (OS) as the primary outcome and recurrence-free survival (RFS) and disease-free survival (DFS) as secondary outcomes. Hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were merged to evaluate the associations between inflammatory markers and ICC patient prognosis. RESULTS Fifteen studies (18 cohorts) with 4123 cases were included in this meta-analysis. The results revealed that a high preoperative NLR was associated with short OS and RFS (HR = 1.04, 95% CI: 1.01-1.07, and HR = 1.29, 95% CI: 1.04-1.60, respectively) in patients with ICC. However, the association between PLR or LMR and ICC prognosis was not statistically significant. In addition, the publication bias and sensitivity analyses demonstrated that the results were reliable and stable. CONCLUSION Our meta-analysis revealed that preoperative NLR may be a useful prognostic predictor for patients with ICC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongxia Cui
- Department of PharmacyCancer Hospital of China Medical University, Liaoning Cancer Hospital and InstituteShenyangChina
| | - Yarong Li
- School of Life Science and BiopharmaceuticsShenyang Pharmaceutical UniversityShenyangChina
| | - Su Li
- Department of PharmacyCancer Hospital of China Medical University, Liaoning Cancer Hospital and InstituteShenyangChina
| | - Guangxuan Liu
- Department of PharmacyCancer Hospital of China Medical University, Liaoning Cancer Hospital and InstituteShenyangChina
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5
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Sasaki K, Margonis GA, Moro A, Wang J, Wagner D, Gagnière J, Shin JK, D'Silva M, Sahara K, Miyata T, Kusakabe J, Beyer K, Dupré A, Kamphues C, Imai K, Baba H, Endo I, Taura K, Cho JY, Aucejo F, Kornprat P, Kreis ME, Kim JM, Burkhart R, David Kwon CH, Pawlik TM. Nontumor related risk score: A new tool to improve prediction of prognosis after hepatectomy for colorectal liver metastases. Surgery 2022; 171:1580-1587. [PMID: 35221105 DOI: 10.1016/j.surg.2022.01.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2021] [Revised: 01/20/2022] [Accepted: 01/23/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Prognostic stratification of patients with colorectal cancer liver metastasis based solely on tumor-related factors has only moderate discriminatory ability. We hypothesized that the inclusion of nontumor related factors can improve prediction of long-term prognosis of patients with colorectal cancer liver metastasis. METHODS Nontumor related laboratory markers were assessed utilizing a training cohort from 2 U.S. institutions (n = 1,205). Factors independently associated with prognosis were used to develop a nontumor related prognostic score. The discriminatory ability, assessed by Harrell's C-statistics (C-index) and net reclassification improvement, was validated and compared with 3 commonly used tumor-related clinical risk scores: Fong clinical risk scores, m-clinical risk scores, and Genetic and Morphological Evaluation (GAME) score in an external validation cohort from 5 Asian (n = 1,307) and 3 European (n = 1,058) institutions. The discriminatory ability of nontumor related prognostic score combined with each of these 3 tumor-related prognostic scores was also estimated. RESULTS Alkaline phosphatase (hazard ratio 1.43; 95% confidence interval, 1.11-1.84), albumin (hazard ratio 0.71; 95% confidence interval, 0.57-0.89), and mean corpuscular volume (hazard ratio 19.0, per log unit; 95% confidence interval, 4.79-75.0) were each independently associated with increased risk of death after resection of colorectal cancer liver metastasis (all P < .05). In turn, alkaline phosphatase, albumin, and mean corpuscular volume were combined to form a nontumor related prognostic score (2.942 × mean corpuscular volume + 0.399 × alkaline phosphatase-0.339 × albumin-12) × 10 (median, 16; range, 1-30). The nontumor related prognostic score had good-to-modest discriminatory ability in the external cohort (C-index = 0.58), which was comparable to the 3 established tumor-related prognostic scores (C-index: Fong clinical risk scores, 0.53, m-clinical risk scores, 0.55, GAME, 0.58). The addition of the nontumor related prognostic score to the tumor-related prognostic scores enhanced the discriminatory ability in the entire study cohort (C-index: nontumor related score+Fong, 0.60, nontumor related score+m-clinical risk scores, 0.61, nontumor related score+GAME, 0.64), as well reclassification improvement (42.5, 42.7%, and 21.2%, respectively). CONCLUSION Nontumor related prognostic information may help improve the prognostic stratification of patients after resection of colorectal cancer liver metastasis. The nontumor related prognostic score may be combined with tumor-related prognostic tools to enhance prognostic stratification of patients with colorectal cancer liver metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazunari Sasaki
- Department of Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA.
| | - Georgios Antonios Margonis
- Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY; Department of General, Visceral and Vascular Surgery, Charite Campus Benjamin Franklin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Amika Moro
- Department of Surgery, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, OH
| | - Jane Wang
- Department of Surgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - Doris Wagner
- Department of General Surgery, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Johan Gagnière
- Service de Chirurgie Digestive, CHU Clermont-Ferrand, Inserm, Université Clermont, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Jung Kyong Shin
- Department of Surgery, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Mizelle D'Silva
- Department of Surgery, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Kota Sahara
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Tatsunori Miyata
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Life Sciences Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Jiro Kusakabe
- Department of Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA
| | - Katharina Beyer
- Department of General, Visceral and Vascular Surgery, Charite Campus Benjamin Franklin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Aurélien Dupré
- Service de Chirurgie Digestive, CHU Clermont-Ferrand, Inserm, Université Clermont, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Carsten Kamphues
- Department of General, Visceral and Vascular Surgery, Charite Campus Benjamin Franklin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Katsunori Imai
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Life Sciences Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Hideo Baba
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Life Sciences Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Itaru Endo
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Kojiro Taura
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Kyoto University Hospital, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Jai Young Cho
- Department of Surgery, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Federico Aucejo
- Department of Surgery, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, OH
| | - Peter Kornprat
- Department of General Surgery, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Martin E Kreis
- Department of General, Visceral and Vascular Surgery, Charite Campus Benjamin Franklin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Jong Man Kim
- Department of Surgery, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Richard Burkhart
- Department of Surgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | | | - Timothy M Pawlik
- Department of Surgery, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH. https://twitter.com/timpawlik
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Choi WJ, Williams PJ, Claasen MPAW, Ivanics T, Englesakis M, Gallinger S, Hansen B, Sapisochin G. Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Prognostic Factors for Early Recurrence in Intrahepatic Cholangiocarcinoma After Curative-Intent Resection. Ann Surg Oncol 2022; 29:10.1245/s10434-022-11463-x. [PMID: 35181812 DOI: 10.1245/s10434-022-11463-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2021] [Accepted: 02/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recurrence rates of intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (iCCA) after curative hepatectomy are as high as 50% to 70%, and about half of these recurrences occur within 2 years. This systematic review aims to define prognostic factors (PFs) for early recurrence (ER, within 24 months) and 24-month disease-free survival (DFS) after curative-intent iCCA resections. METHODS Systematic searching was performed from database inception to 14 January 2021. Duplicate independent review and data extraction were performed. Data on 13 predefined PFs were collected. Meta-analysis was performed on PFs for ER and summarized using forest plots. The Quality in Prognostic Factor Studies tool was used for risk-of-bias assessment. RESULTS The study enrolled 10 studies comprising 4158 patients during an accrual period ranging from 1990 to 2016. In the risk-of-bias assessment of patients who experienced ER after curative-intent iCCA resection, six studies were rated as low risk and four as moderate risk (49.6%; 95% confidence interval [CI], 49.2-50.0). Nine studies were pooled for meta-analysis. Of the postoperative PFs, multiple tumors, microvascular invasion, macrovascular invasion, lymph node metastasis, and R1 resection were associated with an increased hazard for ER or a reduced 24-month DFS, and the opposite was observed for receipt of adjuvant chemo/radiation therapy. Of the preoperative factors, cirrhosis, sex, HBV status were not associated with ER or 24-month DFS. CONCLUSION The findings from this systematic review could allow for improved surveillance, prognostication, and treatment decision-making for patients with resectable iCCAs. Further well-designed prospective studies are needed to explore prognostic factors for iCCA ER with a focus on preoperative variables.
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Affiliation(s)
- Woo Jin Choi
- Department of General Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
- Division of General Surgery, HPB Surgical Oncology, HBP and Multi Organ Transplant Program, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Phil J Williams
- Department of General Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Marco P A W Claasen
- Division of General Surgery, HPB Surgical Oncology, HBP and Multi Organ Transplant Program, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
- Department of Surgery, Division of HPB and Transplant Surgery, Erasmus MC Transplant Institute, University Medical Centre Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Tommy Ivanics
- Division of General Surgery, HPB Surgical Oncology, HBP and Multi Organ Transplant Program, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
- Department of Surgery, Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, MI, USA
- Department of Surgical Sciences, Uppsala University, Akademiska Sjukhuset, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Marina Englesakis
- Library and Information Services, University Health Network, Toronto, Canada
| | - Steven Gallinger
- Department of General Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
- Division of General Surgery, HPB Surgical Oncology, HBP and Multi Organ Transplant Program, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Bettina Hansen
- Center for Liver Disease, University Health Network, Toronto, Canada
| | - Gonzalo Sapisochin
- Department of General Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada.
- Division of General Surgery, HPB Surgical Oncology, HBP and Multi Organ Transplant Program, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada.
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7
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Brustia R, Laurent A, Goumard C, Langella S, Cherqui D, Kawai T, Soubrane O, Cauchy F, Farges O, Menahem B, Hobeika C, Rhaiem R, Sommacale D, Okumura S, Hofmeyr S, Ferrero A, Pruvot FR, Regimbeau JM, Fuks D, Vibert E, Scatton O. Laparoscopic versus open liver resection for intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma: Report of an international multicenter cohort study with propensity score matching. Surgery 2021; 171:1290-1302. [PMID: 34535270 DOI: 10.1016/j.surg.2021.08.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2021] [Revised: 08/09/2021] [Accepted: 08/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma is a rare disease with a poor prognosis. In patients where surgical resection is possible, outcome is influenced by perioperative morbidity and lymph node status. Laparoscopic liver resection is associated with improved clinical and oncological outcomes in primary and metastatic liver cancer compared with open liver resection, but evidence on intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma is still insufficient. The primary aim of this study was to compare overall survival for a large series of patients treated for intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma by open or laparoscopic approach. Secondary objectives were to compare disease-free survival, predictors of death, and recurrence. METHODS Patients treated with laparoscopic or open liver resection for intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma from 2000 to 2018 from 3 large international databases were analyzed retrospectively. Each patient in the laparoscopic resection group (case) was matched with 1 open resection control (1:1 ratio), through a propensity score calculated on clinically relevant preoperative covariates. Overall and disease-free survival were compared between the matched groups. Predictors of mortality and recurrence were analyzed with Cox regression, and the Textbook Outcomes were described. RESULTS During the study period, 855 patients met the inclusion criteria (open liver resection = 709, 82.9%; laparoscopic liver resection = 146, 17.1%). Two groups of 89 patients each were analyzed after propensity score matching, with no significant difference regarding pre- and postoperative variables. Overall survival at 1, 3, and 5 years was 92%, 75%, and 63% in the laparoscopic liver resection group versus 92%, 58%, and 49% in the open liver resection group (P = .0043). Adjusted Cox regression revealed severe postoperative complications (hazard ratio: 10.5, 95% confidence interval [1.01-109] P = .049) and steatosis (hazard ratio: 13.8, 95% confidence interval [1.23-154] P = .033) as predictors of death, and transfusion (hazard ratio: 19.2, 95% confidence interval [4.04-91.4] P < .001) and severe postoperative complications (hazard ratio: 4.07, 95% confidence interval [1.15-14.4] P = .030) as predictors of recurrence. CONCLUSION The survival advantage of laparoscopic liver resection over open liver resection for intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma is equivocal, given historical bias and missing data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raffaele Brustia
- Department of Digestive and Hepato-Pancreatic-Biliary Surgery, DMU CARE, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Hôpitaux Universitaires Henri Mondor, Créteil, France. https://twitter.com/raffaele.brustia
| | - Alexis Laurent
- Univ Paris Est Creteil, Faculté de Santé, Créteil, France and Department of Digestive and Hepato-Pancreatic-Biliary Surgery, DMU CARE, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Hôpitaux Universitaires Henri Mondor, Créteil, France
| | - Claire Goumard
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Liver Transplantation Surgery, AP-HP, Hôpital Pitié Salpêtrière, CRSA, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
| | - Serena Langella
- Department of General and Oncological Surgery, Ospedale Mauriziano, Torino, Italy
| | - Daniel Cherqui
- Centre Hepato-Biliaire, AP-HP Paul Brousse Hospital, Paris-Saclay University, Villejuif, France
| | - Takayuki Kawai
- Department of Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Olivier Soubrane
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, APHP, University Hospitals Paris Nord Val de Seine, Beaujon, Clichy, France
| | - Francois Cauchy
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, APHP, University Hospitals Paris Nord Val de Seine, Beaujon, Clichy, France
| | - Olivier Farges
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, APHP, University Hospitals Paris Nord Val de Seine, Beaujon, Clichy, France
| | - Benjamin Menahem
- Department of Digestive Surgery, University Hospital of Caen, France
| | - Christian Hobeika
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Liver Transplantation Surgery, AP-HP, Hôpital Pitié Salpêtrière, CRSA, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
| | - Rami Rhaiem
- Department of Hepatobiliary, Pancreatic, and Digestive Surgery, Robert Debré University Hospital, Reims, France University Reims Champagne-Ardenne, France
| | - Daniele Sommacale
- Univ Paris Est Creteil, Faculté de Santé, Créteil, France and Department of Digestive and Hepato-Pancreatic-Biliary Surgery, DMU CARE, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Hôpitaux Universitaires Henri Mondor, Créteil, France
| | - Shinya Okumura
- Department of Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Stefan Hofmeyr
- Division of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University and Tygerberg Academic Hospital, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Alessandro Ferrero
- Department of General and Oncological Surgery, Ospedale Mauriziano, Torino, Italy
| | - François-René Pruvot
- Department of Digestive Surgery and Transplantation, Univ Lille, CHRU Lille, Lille, France
| | - Jean-Marc Regimbeau
- SSPC (Simplification of Surgical Patients Care), Clinical Research Unit, University of Picardie Jules Verne, Amiens, France and Department of Digestive Surgery, Amiens University Medical Center, Amiens, France
| | - David Fuks
- Department of Digestive, Oncologic, and Metabolic Surgery, Institut Mutualiste Montsouris, Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France
| | - Eric Vibert
- Centre Hepato-Biliaire, AP-HP Paul Brousse Hospital, Paris-Saclay University, Villejuif, France
| | - Olivier Scatton
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Liver Transplantation Surgery, AP-HP, Hôpital Pitié Salpêtrière, CRSA, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France.
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Ratti F, Casadei-Gardini A, Cipriani F, Fiorentini G, Pedica F, Burgio V, Cascinu S, Aldrighetti L. Laparoscopic Surgery for Intrahepatic Cholangiocarcinoma: A Focus on Oncological Outcomes. J Clin Med 2021; 10:jcm10132828. [PMID: 34206930 PMCID: PMC8268981 DOI: 10.3390/jcm10132828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2021] [Revised: 06/21/2021] [Accepted: 06/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: The aim of the present study was to analyze the long-term outcomes of laparoscopic and open surgery for intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (iCCA) in a series, collected in a tertiary referral center with a high annual volume of laparoscopic activity. Methods: Between January 2004 and June 2020, 446 liver resections (LR) were performed for iCCA: of these, 179 were performed by laparoscopic surgery (LS) and 267 with the open approach. The two groups were matched through a 1:1 propensity score using covariates representative of patient and disease characteristics. The study and control groups were compared, with specific attention given to oncological outcomes (rate of R0, depth of resection margins, overall and disease-free survival, rate, and site of recurrence). Results: The number of retrieved nodes, rate, and depth of negative resection margins were comparable between the two groups. The interval time between surgery and subsequent adjuvant treatments was significantly shorter in LS patients. No differences were shown even in the comparison between the LS and the open group in terms of median disease-free and overall survival. Moreover, the disease recurrence rate was comparable between the LS and the open groups (45.2% versus 56.7%), and the recurrence pattern was similar. Conclusions: The minimally invasive approach for iCCA was once again confirmed to be associated with advantages in terms of intraoperative and short-term outcomes, but was also proven to be oncologically non-inferior to the open counterpart. In the present study, overall and disease-free survival were found to be similar between the two approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Ratti
- Hepatobiliary Surgery Division, IRCCS San Raffaele Hospital, 20132 Milano, Italy; (F.C.); (G.F.); (L.A.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-02-26435778 (ext. 7808) or +39-348-2411961; Fax: +39-02-26437807
| | - Andrea Casadei-Gardini
- Department of Medical Oncology, IRCCS San Raffaele Hospital, 20132 Milano, Italy; (A.C.-G.); (V.B.); (S.C.)
| | - Federica Cipriani
- Hepatobiliary Surgery Division, IRCCS San Raffaele Hospital, 20132 Milano, Italy; (F.C.); (G.F.); (L.A.)
| | - Guido Fiorentini
- Hepatobiliary Surgery Division, IRCCS San Raffaele Hospital, 20132 Milano, Italy; (F.C.); (G.F.); (L.A.)
| | - Federica Pedica
- Department of Experimental Oncology, Pathology Unit, San Raffaele Hospital, 20132 Milano, Italy;
| | - Valentina Burgio
- Department of Medical Oncology, IRCCS San Raffaele Hospital, 20132 Milano, Italy; (A.C.-G.); (V.B.); (S.C.)
| | - Stefano Cascinu
- Department of Medical Oncology, IRCCS San Raffaele Hospital, 20132 Milano, Italy; (A.C.-G.); (V.B.); (S.C.)
| | - Luca Aldrighetti
- Hepatobiliary Surgery Division, IRCCS San Raffaele Hospital, 20132 Milano, Italy; (F.C.); (G.F.); (L.A.)
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9
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Ratti F, Rawashdeh A, Cipriani F, Primrose J, Fiorentini G, Abu Hilal M, Aldrighetti L. Intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma as the new field of implementation of laparoscopic liver resection programs. A comparative propensity score-based analysis of open and laparoscopic liver resections. Surg Endosc 2021; 35:1851-1862. [PMID: 32342213 DOI: 10.1007/s00464-020-07588-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2020] [Accepted: 04/22/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim of the present study is to analyze the outcomes of laparoscopic and open liver resections for (Intrahepatic CholangioCarcinoma) ICC in the modern era of laparoscopic liver surgery. METHODS Patients undergoing laparoscopic and open liver resections for ICC in two European referral centers were included. Finally, 104 patients from the open group and 104 patients from the laparoscopic group were compared after propensity scores matching according to seven covariates representative of patients and disease characteristics. Indications to surgery and short- and long-term outcomes were compared. RESULTS Operative time, number of retrieved nodes, rate, and depth of negative resection margins were comparable between the two groups. Blood loss was lower in the MILS (150 ± 100 mL, mean ± SD) compared with the Open group (350 ± 250 mL, p = 0.030). Postoperative complications occurred in 14.4% of patients in the MILS and in the 24% of patients in the Open group (p = 0.02). There were no significant differences in long-term outcomes between groups. CONCLUSIONS Our results confirm feasibility, safety, and oncological efficiency of the laparoscopic approach in the management of ICC. However, this surgery is often complex and should be only considered in centers with large experience in laparoscopic liver surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Ratti
- Hepatobiliary Surgery Division, San Raffaele Hospital, Via Olgettina 60, 20132, Milano, Italy.
| | - Arab Rawashdeh
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, University Hospital Southampton, NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton, UK
| | - Federica Cipriani
- Hepatobiliary Surgery Division, San Raffaele Hospital, Via Olgettina 60, 20132, Milano, Italy
| | - John Primrose
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, University Hospital Southampton, NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton, UK
| | - Guido Fiorentini
- Hepatobiliary Surgery Division, San Raffaele Hospital, Via Olgettina 60, 20132, Milano, Italy
| | - Mohammed Abu Hilal
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, University Hospital Southampton, NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton, UK
| | - Luca Aldrighetti
- Hepatobiliary Surgery Division, San Raffaele Hospital, Via Olgettina 60, 20132, Milano, Italy
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10
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Cheng Z, Lei Z, Jin X, Zhang Q, Si A, Yang P, Zhou J, Hartmann D, Hüser N, Shen F. Postoperative adjuvant transarterial chemoembolization for intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma patients with microvascular invasion: a propensity score analysis. J Gastrointest Oncol 2021; 12:819-830. [PMID: 34012669 DOI: 10.21037/jgo-20-443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Microvascular invasion (MVI) is an independent risk factor associated with tumor recurrence and poor survival in patients with intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC) after partial hepatectomy (PH). The potential impact of adjuvant TACE on the prognosis of patients with ICC involving MVI (ICC-MVI) remains uncertain. Our aim was to investigate the effectiveness of postoperative adjuvant transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) on ICC involving MVI. Methods Multicentric data consisted of 223 patients who underwent curative-intent PH for ICC-MVI from 2002-2015 were retrospectively analyzed. The impact of adjuvant TACE was evaluated using inverse probability of treatment weighting (IPTW) and propensity-score matched (PSM) analyses. Results No association between the TACE and the overall survival (OS) and recurrence rates was observed among the overall ICC-MVI patients. However, subgroup analyses revealed that adjuvant TACE favored OS (HR, 0.62; 95% CI, 0.39-0.99; P=0.047) and time to recurrence (TTR) (HR, 0.59; 95% CI, 0.36-0.97; P=0.037) among patients with elevated CA19-9 and those without lymphadenectomy (HR, 0.53; 95% CI, 0.30-0.93; P=0.027 for OS, and HR, 0.49; 95% CI, 0.28-0.87; P=0.015 for TTR, respectively). In the CA19-9 ≥39 U/L subgroup and Nx subgroup, adjuvant TACE was associated with higher 1-, 3-, and 5-year OS rates (P=0.033 and P=0.034, respectively) and lower corresponding recurrence rates (P=0.024 and P=0.023, respectively). Conclusions Among the ICC-MVI patients undergoing curative-intent PH, only those have elevated CA19-9 or who did not undergo lymphadenectomy might be suitable for adjuvant TACE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhangjun Cheng
- Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Center, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, China.,Department of Hepatic Surgery IV, the Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhengqing Lei
- Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Center, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, China.,Department of Hepatic Surgery IV, the Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaoling Jin
- Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Center, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Qi Zhang
- Center of Interventional Radiology and Vascular Surgery, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Anfeng Si
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Qin Huai Medical District of Eastern Theater General Hospital, Nanjing, China
| | - Pinghua Yang
- Department of Minimally Invasive Surgery, the Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiahua Zhou
- Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Center, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Daniel Hartmann
- Department of Surgery, TUM School of Medicine, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Norbert Hüser
- Department of Surgery, TUM School of Medicine, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Feng Shen
- Department of Hepatic Surgery IV, the Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
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11
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Zhao J, Chen Y, Wang J, Wang J, Wang Y, Chai S, Zhang Y, Chen X, Zhang W. Preoperative risk grade predicts the long-term prognosis of intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma: a retrospective cohort analysis. BMC Surg 2021; 21:113. [PMID: 33676467 PMCID: PMC7936481 DOI: 10.1186/s12893-020-00954-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2020] [Accepted: 11/12/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Cumulating evidence indicates that the systemic inflammatory response (SIR) plays a crucial role in the prognosis of various cancers. We aimed to generate a preoperative risk grade (PRG) by integrating SIR markers to preoperatively predict the long-term prognosis of intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC). Methods 468 consecutive ICC patients who underwent hepatectomy between 2010 and 2017 were enrolled. The PRG and a nomogram were generated and their predictive accuracy was evaluated. Results The PRG consisted of two non-tumor-specific SIR markers platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR) and albumin (ALB), which were both the independent predictors of overall survival (OS). Multivariate analysis showed that the PRG was significantly associated with OS (PRG = 1: hazard ratio (HR) = 3.800, p < 0.001; PRG = 2: HR = 7.585, p < 0.001). The C-index of the PRG for predicting survival was 0.685 (95% CI 0.655 to 0.716), which was statistically higher than that of the following systems: American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) 8th edition (C-index 0.645), Liver Cancer Study Group of Japan (LCSGJ) (C-index 0.644) and Okabayashi (C-index 0.633) (p < 0.05). Besides, the C-index of the nomogram only consisting of the tumor-specific factors (serum carcinoembryonic antigen, carbohydrate antigen 19-9, tumor number) could be improved to 0.737 (95% CI 0.062–0.768) from 0.625 (95% CI 0.585–0.665) when the PRG was incorporated (p < 0.001). Conclusions The PRG integrating two non-tumor-specific SIR markers PLR and ALB was a novel method to preoperative predicting the prognosis of ICC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianping Zhao
- Hepatic Surgery Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No. 1095 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei, China
| | - Yao Chen
- Hepatic Surgery Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No. 1095 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei, China
| | - Jingjing Wang
- Department of Medical Ultrasound, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jian Wang
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery Treatment Center, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, China
| | - Ying Wang
- Department of Pathology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Songshan Chai
- Hepatic Surgery Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No. 1095 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei, China
| | - Yuxin Zhang
- Hepatic Surgery Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No. 1095 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei, China
| | - Xiaoping Chen
- Hepatic Surgery Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No. 1095 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei, China.
| | - Wanguang Zhang
- Hepatic Surgery Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No. 1095 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei, China.
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12
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Kong J, Cao Y, Chai J, Liu X, Lin C, Wang J, Liu J. Effect of Tumor Size on Long-Term Survival After Resection for Solitary Intrahepatic Cholangiocarcinoma. Front Oncol 2021; 10:559911. [PMID: 33552949 PMCID: PMC7859518 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.559911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2020] [Accepted: 12/01/2020] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The relationship between tumor size and survival in intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC) is still controversial. This study aimed to evaluate the prognostic ability of tumor size for solitary ICC after resection and explore optimal cut-off values in different subgroups. Methods Patients with solitary ICC who underwent liver resection from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results Program and Shandong Provincial Hospital were retrospectively analyzed. Kaplan-Meier and Cox regression analysis were used to assess the prognostic ability of tumor size. The log-rank test was used to determine the optimal cut-off values, and a minimum P was regarded as the optimal one in different subgroups. Results Large tumor size groups had worse overall survival (OS) than small tumor size groups. Cox regression analysis suggested that tumor size was an independent prognostic factor for OS for solitary ICC after resection. Subgroup analysis showed tumor size was associated with OS for both solitary ICC with and without vascular invasion (VI). Furthermore, the optimal cut-off values for solitary ICC with and without VI were found to be 8 and 3 cm, respectively, which could divide the patients into two groups with significant differences in OS. Conclusion Tumor size was an independent prognostic factor for solitary ICC after resection. The existing American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) staging system could be improved if the cut-off value of the T1 stage was changed to 8 cm and if the T2 stage incorporated a tumor size with a cut-off value of 3 cm. Further studies with more cases are needed to validate these findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junjie Kong
- Department of Liver Transplantation and Hepatobiliary Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China.,Department of Liver Transplantation and Hepatobiliary Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
| | - Yukun Cao
- Department of Liver Transplantation and Hepatobiliary Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China.,Department of Liver Transplantation and Hepatobiliary Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
| | - Jiawei Chai
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Shandong Maternity and Child Care Hospital, Jinan, China
| | - Xihan Liu
- Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Cunhu Lin
- Department of Pathology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
| | - Jianping Wang
- Department of Liver Transplantation and Hepatobiliary Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China.,Department of Liver Transplantation and Hepatobiliary Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
| | - Jun Liu
- Department of Liver Transplantation and Hepatobiliary Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China.,Department of Liver Transplantation and Hepatobiliary Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
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13
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Büttner S, Galjart B, Beumer BR, van Vugt JLA, van Eijck CHJ, Polak WG, de Jonge J, Homs MYV, van Driel LMJW, Pawlik TM, Steyerberg EW, Ijzermans JNM, Groot Koerkamp B. Quality and performance of validated prognostic models for survival after resection of intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma: a systematic review and meta-analysis. HPB (Oxford) 2021; 23:25-36. [PMID: 32855047 DOI: 10.1016/j.hpb.2020.07.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2020] [Revised: 07/01/2020] [Accepted: 07/05/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The objective of this systematic review was to evaluate the performance of prognostic survival models for intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (iCCA) when validated in an external dataset. Furthermore, it sought to identify common prognostic factors across models, and assess methodological quality of the studies in which the models were developed. METHODS The PRISMA guidelines were followed. External validation studies of prognostic models for patients with iCCA were searched in 5 databases. Model performance was assessed by discrimination and calibration. RESULTS Thirteen external validation studies were identified, validating 18 different prognostic models. The Wang model was the sole model with good performance (C-index above 0.70) for overall survival. This model incorporated tumor size and number, lymph node metastasis, direct invasion into surrounding tissue, vascular invasion, Carbohydrate antigen (CA) 19-9, and carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA). Methodological quality was poor in 11/12 statistical models. The Wang model had the highest score with 13 out of 17 points. CONCLUSION The Wang model for prognosis after resection of iCCA has good quality and good performance at external validation, while most prognostic models for iCCA have been developed with poor methodological quality and show poor performance at external validation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefan Büttner
- Department of Surgery, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Boris Galjart
- Department of Surgery, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Berend R Beumer
- Department of Surgery, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | | | | | - Wojciech G Polak
- Department of Surgery, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Jeroen de Jonge
- Department of Surgery, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Marjolein Y V Homs
- Department of Medical Oncology, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Lydi M J W van Driel
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Timothy M Pawlik
- Department of Surgery, Ohio State Medical Center, Columbus, OH, United States of America
| | - Ewout W Steyerberg
- Department of Biomedical Data Sciences, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Jan N M Ijzermans
- Department of Surgery, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Bas Groot Koerkamp
- Department of Surgery, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Rotterdam, Netherlands.
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14
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The systemic immune-inflammation index predicts prognosis in intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma: an international multi-institutional analysis. HPB (Oxford) 2020; 22:1667-1674. [PMID: 32265108 DOI: 10.1016/j.hpb.2020.03.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2020] [Revised: 03/10/2020] [Accepted: 03/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The objective of this study was to examine whether the systemic immune inflammation index (SII) was associated with prognosis among patients following resection of intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC). METHODS The impact of SII on overall (OS) and cancer-specific survival (CSS) following resection of ICC was assessed. The performance of the final multivariable models that incorporated inflammatory markers (i.e. neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio [NLR], platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio [PLR] and SII [platelets∗NLR]) was assessed using the Harrell's concordance index. RESULTS Patients with high SII had worse 5-year OS (37.7% vs 46.6%, p < 0.001) and CSS (46.1% vs 50.1%, p < 0.001) compared with patients with low SII. An elevated SII (HR = 1.70, 95% CI 1.23-2.34) and NLR (HR = 1.58, 95% CI 1.10-2.27) independently predicted worse OS, whereas high PLR (HR = 1.17, 95% CI 0.85-1.60) was no longer associated with prognosis. Only SII remained an independent predictor of CSS (HR = 1.55, 95% CI 1.09-2.21). The SII multivariable model outperformed models that incorporated PLR and NLR relative to OS (c-index; 0.696 vs 0.689 vs 0.692) and CSS (c-index; 0.697 vs 0.689 vs 0.690). CONCLUSION SII independently predicted OS and CSS among patients with resectable ICC. SII may be a better predictor of outcomes compared with other markers of inflammatory response among patients with resectable ICC.
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The Liver Imaging Reporting and Data System tumor-in-vein category: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Eur Radiol 2020; 31:2497-2506. [PMID: 33001305 DOI: 10.1007/s00330-020-07282-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2020] [Revised: 07/07/2020] [Accepted: 09/10/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES We aimed to systematically determine the etiology of the Liver Imaging Reporting and Data System (LI-RADS) tumor-in-vein category (LR-TIV) on contrast-enhanced CT or MRI and to determine the sources of heterogeneity between reported results. METHODS Original studies reporting the etiology of LR-TIV were identified in MEDLINE and EMBASE up until July 7, 2020. The meta-analytic pooled percentages of HCC and non-HCC in LR-TIV were calculated. Subgroup analyses were performed according to the type of reference standard and the most common underlying liver disease. Meta-regression analysis was performed to explore study heterogeneity. RESULTS Sixteen studies reported the etiology of a total of 150 LR-TIV, of which 98 (65%) were HCC and 52 (35%) were non-HCC. The meta-analytic pooled percentages of HCC and non-HCC in LR-TIV were 70.9% (95% confidence interval [CI], 55.7-82.5%; I2 = 59%) and 29.2% (95% CI, 17.5-44.4%; I2 = 59%), respectively. The meta-analytic pooled percentage of HCC was lower in studies using only pathology as a reference standard (67.1%; 95% CI, 49.3-81.1%), but higher in studies in which hepatitis C was the most common underlying liver disease (81.9%; 95% CI, 11.3-99.4%) than that in the total 16 studies. Study type (cohort study versus case-control study) was significantly associated with study heterogeneity (p = 0.04). CONCLUSION The most common etiology of LR-TIV was HCC. It might be important to understand the percentage of HCC and non-HCC in LR-TIV in consideration of the type of reference standard, geographic differences, and study design. KEY POINTS • The most common etiology of Liver Imaging Reporting and Data System (LI-RADS) tumor-in-vein category (LR-TIV) was hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). • The percentage of HCC in LR-TIV was relatively low in studies using only pathology as a reference standard, but high in studies in which hepatitis C was the most common underlying liver disease. • Study type was a factor significantly influencing study heterogeneity.
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Chen Q, Li F, Gao Y, Xue H, Li Z, Zou Q, Xia Y, Wang K, Shen F. Developing a Selection-aided Model to Screen Cirrhotic Intrahepatic Cholangiocarcinoma for Hepatectomy. J Cancer 2020; 11:5623-5634. [PMID: 32913457 PMCID: PMC7477447 DOI: 10.7150/jca.46587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2020] [Accepted: 07/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: This study aimed to establish a model predicting the prognosis of intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC) patients with cirrhosis before liver resection (LR). Methods: An Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital (EHBH) model using the preoperative factors was established in a training cohort (305 patients from 2006 to 2011) and validated in an internal validation cohort (113 patients from 2012 to 2014). Predictive performance and discrimination were evaluated and compared with other staging systems. Results: The EHBH model containing preoperative factors of carbohydrate antigen 19-9 (CA19-9), radiological tumor diameter, tumor number, and satellite nodules outperformed other staging systems in predicting the prognosis of ICC. A contour plot of 3-year survival probability and a nomogram to form two differentiated groups of patients (high-risk group and low-risk group) were constructed based on the EHBH model to help surgeons predicting the overall survival (OS) before LR. Patients from the high-risk group (>86.56 points) in the training cohort had worse OS rates compared with those from the low-risk group (≤86.56 points). The one-, three-, and five-year OS rates were 50.4%, 29.0%, and 21.0% for the high-risk group and 68.2%, 45.5%, and 39.7% for the low-risk group, respectively (P<0.001). The same results were obtained in the internal validation patients. Conclusion: The contour plot is an easy-to-use tool to individually show the 3-year prognosis of ICC patients with different preoperative CA19-9 values and radiological characteristics before surgery. The EHBH model was suitable for selecting cirrhotic patients for LR to acquire a better survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qinjunjie Chen
- Department of Hepatic Surgery IV, the Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, Naval Medical University (Second Military Medical University), Shanghai, China
| | - Fengwei Li
- Department of Hepatic Surgery IV, the Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, Naval Medical University (Second Military Medical University), Shanghai, China.,Department of Hepatic Surgery II, the Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, Naval Medical University (Second Military Medical University), Shanghai, China
| | - Yuzhen Gao
- Department of Molecular Diagnosis, Clinical Medical College, Yangzhou University, Jiangsu, China
| | - Hui Xue
- Department of Hepatic Surgery II, the Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, Naval Medical University (Second Military Medical University), Shanghai, China
| | - Zheng Li
- Department of Hepatic Surgery IV, the Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, Naval Medical University (Second Military Medical University), Shanghai, China
| | - Qifei Zou
- Department of Hepatic Surgery II, the Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, Naval Medical University (Second Military Medical University), Shanghai, China
| | - Yong Xia
- Department of Hepatic Surgery IV, the Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, Naval Medical University (Second Military Medical University), Shanghai, China
| | - Kui Wang
- Department of Hepatic Surgery II, the Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, Naval Medical University (Second Military Medical University), Shanghai, China
| | - Feng Shen
- Department of Hepatic Surgery IV, the Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, Naval Medical University (Second Military Medical University), Shanghai, China
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Tsilimigras DI, Hyer JM, Paredes AZ, Diaz A, Moris D, Guglielmi A, Aldrighetti L, Weiss M, Bauer TW, Alexandrescu S, Poultsides GA, Maithel SK, Marques HP, Martel G, Pulitano C, Shen F, Soubrane O, Koerkamp BG, Endo I, Pawlik TM. A Novel Classification of Intrahepatic Cholangiocarcinoma Phenotypes Using Machine Learning Techniques: An International Multi-Institutional Analysis. Ann Surg Oncol 2020; 27:5224-5232. [PMID: 32495285 DOI: 10.1245/s10434-020-08696-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Patients with intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC) generally have a poor prognosis, yet there can be heterogeneity in the patterns of presentation and associated outcomes. We sought to identify clusters of ICC patients based on preoperative characteristics that may have distinct outcomes based on differing patterns of presentation. METHODS Patients undergoing curative-intent resection of ICC between 2000 and 2017 were identified using a multi-institutional database. A cluster analysis was performed based on preoperative variables to identify distinct patterns of presentation. A classification tree was built to prospectively assign patients into cluster assignments. RESULTS Among 826 patients with ICC, three distinct presentation patterns were noted. Specifically, Cluster 1 (common ICC, 58.9%) consisted of individuals who had a small-size ICC (median 4.6 cm) and median carbohydrate antigen (CA) 19-9 and neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) levels of 40.3 UI/mL and 2.6, respectively; Cluster 2 (proliferative ICC, 34.9%) consisted of patients who had larger-size tumors (median 9.0 cm), higher CA19-9 levels (median 72.0 UI/mL), and similar NLR (median 2.7); Cluster 3 (inflammatory ICC, 6.2%) comprised of patients with a medium-size ICC (median 6.2 cm), the lowest range of CA19-9 (median 26.2 UI/mL), yet the highest NLR (median 13.5) (all p < 0.05). Median OS worsened incrementally among the three different clusters {Cluster 1 vs. 2 vs. 3; 60.4 months (95% confidence interval [CI] 43.0-77.8) vs. 27.2 months (95% CI 19.9-34.4) vs. 13.3 months (95% CI 7.2-19.3); p < 0.001}. The classification tree used to assign patients into different clusters had an excellent agreement with actual cluster assignment (κ = 0.93, 95% CI 0.90-0.96). CONCLUSION Machine learning analysis identified three distinct prognostic clusters based solely on preoperative characteristics among patients with ICC. Characterizing preoperative patient heterogeneity with machine learning tools can help physicians with preoperative selection and risk stratification of patients with ICC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diamantis I Tsilimigras
- Department of Surgery, Division of Surgical Oncology, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center and James Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - J Madison Hyer
- Department of Surgery, Division of Surgical Oncology, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center and James Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Anghela Z Paredes
- Department of Surgery, Division of Surgical Oncology, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center and James Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Adrian Diaz
- Department of Surgery, Division of Surgical Oncology, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center and James Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Dimitrios Moris
- Department of Surgery, Division of Surgical Oncology, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center and James Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, OH, USA
| | | | | | - Matthew Weiss
- Department of Surgery, Johns Hopkins Hospital, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Todd W Bauer
- Department of Surgery, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | | | | | | | - Hugo P Marques
- Department of Surgery, Curry Cabral Hospital, Lisbon, Portugal
| | | | - Carlo Pulitano
- Department of Surgery, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Feng Shen
- Department of Surgery, Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Olivier Soubrane
- Department of Hepatobiliopancreatic Surgery and Liver Transplantation, AP-HP, Beaujon Hospital, Clichy, France
| | - Bas Groot Koerkamp
- Department of Surgery, Erasmus University Medical Centre, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Itaru Endo
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Yokohama City University School of Medicine, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Timothy M Pawlik
- Department of Surgery, Division of Surgical Oncology, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center and James Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, OH, USA. .,Department of Surgery, The Urban Meyer III and Shelley Meyer Chair for Cancer Research, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA.
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18
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Wang L, Lin ZG, Ke Q, Lou JY, Zheng SG, Bi XY, Wang JM, Guo W, Li FY, Wang J, Zheng YM, Li JD, Cheng S, Zhou WP, Zeng YY. Adjuvant transarterial chemoembolization following radical resection for intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma: A multi-center retrospective study. J Cancer 2020; 11:4115-4122. [PMID: 32368294 PMCID: PMC7196258 DOI: 10.7150/jca.40358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2019] [Accepted: 03/27/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Background and Aims: The prognosis of intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC) after radical resection is far from satisfactory, but the effect of postoperative transarterial chemoembolization (p-TACE) remains controversial. This multi-center retrospective study was to evaluate the clinical value of p-TACE and identify the selected patients who would benefit from p-TACE. Methods: Data of ICC patients who underwent radical resection with/without p-TACE therapy was obtained from 12 hepatobiliary centers in China between Jan 2014 and Jan 2017. Overall survival (OS) was set as the primary endpoint, which was analyzed by the Kaplan-Meier method before and after propensity score matching (PSM). Subgroup analysis was conducted based on the established staging system and survival risk stratification. Results: A total of 335 patients were enrolled in this study, including 39 patients in the p-TACE group and 296 patients in the non-TACE group. Median OS in the p-TACE group was longer than that in the non-TACE group (63.0 months vs. 18.0 months, P=0.041), which was confirmed after 1:1 PSM (P=0.009). According to the 8th TNM staging system, patients with stage II and stage III stage would be benefited from p-TACE (P=0.021). Subgroup analysis stratified by risk factors showed that p-TACE could only benefit patients with risk factors <2 (P=0.027). Conclusion: Patients with ICC should be recommended to receive p-TACE following radical resection, especially for those with stage II, stage III or risk factors <2. However, the conclusion deserved further validation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Wang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Mengchao Hepatobiliary Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou China, 350025
| | - Zi-Guo Lin
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Mengchao Hepatobiliary Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou China, 350025
| | - Qiao Ke
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Mengchao Hepatobiliary Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou China, 350025
| | - Jian-Ying Lou
- Department of hepatobiliary surgery, the Second Hospital affiliated to Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China, 310009
| | - Shu-Guo Zheng
- Department of hepatobiliary surgery, the Southwest Hospital affiliated to the Army Medical University, Chongqing, China, 400038
| | - Xin-Yu Bi
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China, 100021
| | - Jian-Ming Wang
- Department of hepatobiliary surgery, Tongji Hospital affiliated to affiliated to Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science &Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China, 430030
| | - Wei Guo
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Beijing Friendship Hospital affiliated to Capital Medical University, Beijing, China, 100053
| | - Fu-Yu Li
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, the West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China, 610041
| | - Jian Wang
- Department of hepatobiliary surgery, Renji Hospital affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China, 200127
| | - Ya-Min Zheng
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Xuanwu Hospital affiliated to Capital Medical University, Beijing, China, 100050
| | - Jing-Dong Li
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, the affiliated Hospital of Chuanbei Medical University, Nanchong, China, 637000
| | - Shi Cheng
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Tiantan Hospital affiliated to Capital Medical University, Beijing, China, 100050
| | - Wei-Ping Zhou
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery Ⅲ, Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, Secondary Military Medical University, Shanghai China, 200438
| | - Yong-Yi Zeng
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Mengchao Hepatobiliary Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou China, 350025.,Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Mengchao Hepatobiliary Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou China, 350025
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19
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Preoperative risk score for prediction of long-term outcomes after hepatectomy for intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma: Report of a collaborative, international-based, external validation study. Eur J Surg Oncol 2020; 46:560-571. [PMID: 31718919 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejso.2019.10.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2019] [Revised: 10/25/2019] [Accepted: 10/31/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
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20
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Yamamoto Y, Sugiura T, Okamura Y, Ito T, Ashida R, Ohgi K, Nakanuma Y, Uesaka K. The Evaluation of the Eighth Edition of the AJCC/UICC Staging System for Intrahepatic Cholangiocarcinoma: a Proposal of a Modified New Staging System. J Gastrointest Surg 2020; 24:786-795. [PMID: 31012045 DOI: 10.1007/s11605-019-04185-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2018] [Accepted: 02/25/2019] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The objective was to clarify the prognostic impact of the 8th edition of American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC)/International Union Against Cancer (UICC) of intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC). METHODS A total of 103 ICC patients who underwent hepatectomy between 2002 and 2016 were enrolled. The survival impact of AJCC/UICC 8th edition was examined. RESULTS The 5-year disease-specific survival (DSS) rate was 75.9% in T1a (n = 23), 88.9% in T1b (n = 10), 14.9% in T2 (n = 24), 52.5% in T3 (n = 11), and 15.2% in T4 (n = 35). The DSS was comparable among T2, T3, and T4 (T2 vs. T3; p = 0.345, T3 vs. T4; 0.295). A multivariate analysis identified multiple tumors (hazard ratio [HR] 2.821), periductal infiltrating (HR 2.439), perforation of the visceral peritoneum (HR 1.850), and vascular invasion (HR 1.872) as independent prognostic factors that were associated with the DSS. The optimum tumor size with the greatest difference in the DSS was 2 cm (p = 0.014). The new T classification was developed as follows: T1, size ≤ 2 cm without other factors; T2, size > 2 cm without other factors; T3, vascular invasion or perforation of the visceral peritoneum; and T4, multiple tumors or periductal infiltrating. The 5-year DSS was 100% in T1 (n = 7), 76.6% in T2 (n = 28), 45.1% in T3 (n = 28), and 3.4% in T4 (n = 40). There were differences in the DSS between T2 and T3 (p = 0.035) and between T3 and T4 (p = 0.003). CONCLUSIONS T2, T3, and T4 of AJCC/UICC overlapped with regard to the DSS. The new staging can classify ICC patients with sufficient prognostic differences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yusuke Yamamoto
- Division of Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, Shizuoka Cancer Center, 1007, Shimo-Nagakubo, Sunto-Nagaizumi, Shizuoka, 4118777, Japan.
| | - Teiichi Sugiura
- Division of Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, Shizuoka Cancer Center, 1007, Shimo-Nagakubo, Sunto-Nagaizumi, Shizuoka, 4118777, Japan
| | - Yukiyasu Okamura
- Division of Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, Shizuoka Cancer Center, 1007, Shimo-Nagakubo, Sunto-Nagaizumi, Shizuoka, 4118777, Japan
| | - Takaaki Ito
- Division of Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, Shizuoka Cancer Center, 1007, Shimo-Nagakubo, Sunto-Nagaizumi, Shizuoka, 4118777, Japan
| | - Ryo Ashida
- Division of Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, Shizuoka Cancer Center, 1007, Shimo-Nagakubo, Sunto-Nagaizumi, Shizuoka, 4118777, Japan
| | - Katsuhisa Ohgi
- Division of Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, Shizuoka Cancer Center, 1007, Shimo-Nagakubo, Sunto-Nagaizumi, Shizuoka, 4118777, Japan
| | - Yasuni Nakanuma
- Division of Pathology, Shizuoka Cancer Center, Sunto-Nagaizumi, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Katsuhiko Uesaka
- Division of Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, Shizuoka Cancer Center, 1007, Shimo-Nagakubo, Sunto-Nagaizumi, Shizuoka, 4118777, Japan
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21
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Tsilimigras DI, Mehta R, Aldrighetti L, Poultsides GA, Maithel SK, Martel G, Shen F, Koerkamp BG, Endo I, Pawlik TM, Paredes AZ, Moris D, Sahara K, Bagante F, Guglielmi A, Weiss M, Bauer TW, Alexandrescu S, Marques HP, Pulitano C, Soubrane O, Cloyd JM, Ejaz A. Development and Validation of a Laboratory Risk Score (LabScore) to Predict Outcomes after Resection for Intrahepatic Cholangiocarcinoma. J Am Coll Surg 2020; 230:381-391.e2. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jamcollsurg.2019.12.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2019] [Accepted: 12/10/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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22
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Cheng Z, Lei Z, Si A, Yang P, Luo T, Guo G, Zhou J, Wang X, Li Z, Xia Y, Li J, Wang K, Yan Z, Wei W, Hartmann D, Hüser N, Lau WY, Shen F. Modifications of the AJCC 8th edition staging system for intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma and proposal for a new staging system by incorporating serum tumor markers. HPB (Oxford) 2019; 21:1656-1666. [PMID: 31307889 DOI: 10.1016/j.hpb.2019.05.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2019] [Revised: 05/01/2019] [Accepted: 05/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Several studies have noted that the discriminatory ability and stratification performance of the AJCC 8th edition staging system is not entirely satisfactory. We aimed to improve the American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) 8th edition staging system for intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC). METHODS A multicentric database from three Chinese mainland centers (n = 1601 patients) was used to modify the 8th edition staging system. This modified TNM (mTNM) staging system was then validated using the SEER database (n = 761 patients). A new TNM staging system, by incorporating serum tumor markers (TNMIS) into the mTNM staging system was then proposed. RESULTS The 8th edition staging system did not provide an adequate stratification of prognosis in the Chinese multicentric cohort. The mTNM staging system offered a better discriminatory capacity in the multicentric cohort than the original 8th edition. External validation in the SEER cohort showed that the mTNM staging system also had a good stratification performance. After further incorporating a serum marker stage into the mTNM staging, the TNMIS staging system was able to stratify prognosis even better. CONCLUSION The proposed mTNM staging system resulted in better stratification performance and the TNMIS staging system provided even more accurate prognostic classification than the conventional TNM system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhangjun Cheng
- Department of Hepatic Surgery IV, The Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China; Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Center, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhengqing Lei
- Department of Hepatic Surgery IV, The Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China; Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Center, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Anfeng Si
- Department of Surgical Oncology, The Bayi Hospital, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Pinghua Yang
- Department of Minimally Invasive Surgery, The Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Tao Luo
- Institute of Pathology and Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Key Laboratory of Tumor Immunopathology, Ministry of Education of China, Chongqing, China
| | - Guangmeng Guo
- Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Center, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jiahua Zhou
- Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Center, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xuan Wang
- Department of Surgical Oncology, The Bayi Hospital, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Zheng Li
- Department of Hepatic Surgery IV, The Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yong Xia
- Department of Hepatic Surgery IV, The Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jun Li
- Department of Hepatic Surgery IV, The Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Kui Wang
- Department of Hepatic Surgery IV, The Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhenlin Yan
- Department of Hepatic Surgery IV, The Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wenxin Wei
- Department of Hepatic Surgery IV, The Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Daniel Hartmann
- Department of Surgery, TUM School of Medicine, Klinikum Rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Norbert Hüser
- Department of Surgery, TUM School of Medicine, Klinikum Rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Wan Y Lau
- Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR, China
| | - Feng Shen
- Department of Hepatic Surgery IV, The Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China.
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23
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Tsilimigras DI, Mehta R, Moris D, Sahara K, Bagante F, Paredes AZ, Moro A, Guglielmi A, Aldrighetti L, Weiss M, Bauer TW, Alexandrescu S, Poultsides GA, Maithel SK, Marques HP, Martel G, Pulitano C, Shen F, Soubrane O, Koerkamp BG, Endo I, Pawlik TM. A Machine-Based Approach to Preoperatively Identify Patients with the Most and Least Benefit Associated with Resection for Intrahepatic Cholangiocarcinoma: An International Multi-institutional Analysis of 1146 Patients. Ann Surg Oncol 2019; 27:1110-1119. [PMID: 31728792 DOI: 10.1245/s10434-019-08067-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2019] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Accurate risk stratification and patient selection is necessary to identify patients who will benefit the most from surgery or be better treated with other non-surgical treatment strategies. We sought to identify which patients in the preoperative setting would likely derive the most or least benefit from resection of intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC). METHODS Patients who underwent curative-intent resection for ICC between 1990 and 2017 were identified from an international multi-institutional database. A machine-based classification and regression tree (CART) was used to generate homogeneous groups of patients relative to overall survival (OS) based on preoperative factors. RESULTS Among 1146 patients, CART analysis revealed tumor number and size, albumin-bilirubin (ALBI) grade and preoperative lymph node (LN) status as the strongest prognostic factors associated with OS among patients undergoing resection for ICC. In turn, four groups of patients with distinct outcomes were generated through machine learning: Group 1 (n = 228): single ICC, size ≤ 5 cm, ALBI grade I, negative preoperative LN status; Group 2 (n = 708): (1) single tumor > 5 cm, (2) single tumor ≤ 5 cm, ALBI grade 2/3, and (3) single tumor ≤ 5 cm, ALBI grade 1, metastatic/suspicious LNs; Group 3 (n = 150): 2-3 tumors; Group 4 (n = 60): ≥ 4 tumors. 5-year OS among Group 1, 2, 3, and 4 patients was 60.5%, 35.8%, 27.5%, and 3.8%, respectively (p < 0.001). Similarly, 5-year disease-free survival (DFS) among Group 1, 2, 3, and 4 patients was 47%, 27.2%, 6.8%, and 0%, respectively (p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS The machine-based CART model identified distinct prognostic groups of patients with distinct outcomes based on preoperative factors. Survival decision trees may be useful as guides in preoperative patient selection and risk stratification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diamantis I Tsilimigras
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, Wexner Medical Center and James Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Rittal Mehta
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, Wexner Medical Center and James Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Dimitrios Moris
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, Wexner Medical Center and James Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Kota Sahara
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, Wexner Medical Center and James Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Fabio Bagante
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, Wexner Medical Center and James Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Anghela Z Paredes
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, Wexner Medical Center and James Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Amika Moro
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, Wexner Medical Center and James Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | | | | | - Matthew Weiss
- Department of Surgery, Johns Hopkins Hospital, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Todd W Bauer
- Department of Surgery, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | | | | | | | - Hugo P Marques
- Department of Surgery, Curry Cabral Hospital, Lisbon, Portugal
| | | | - Carlo Pulitano
- Department of Surgery, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Feng Shen
- Department of Surgery, Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Olivier Soubrane
- Department of Hepatobiliopancreatic Surgery and Liver Transplantation, AP-HP, Beaujon Hospital, Clichy, France
| | - Bas Groot Koerkamp
- Department of Surgery, Erasmus University Medical Centre, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Itaru Endo
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Yokohama City University School of Medicine, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Timothy M Pawlik
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, Wexner Medical Center and James Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA. .,Department of Surgery, The Urban Meyer III and Shelley Meyer Chair for Cancer Research, Wexner Medical Center, The Ohio State University, 395 W. 12th Ave., Suite 670, Columbus, OH, USA.
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24
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Melstrom LG, Eng OS, Raoof M, Singh G, Fong Y, Latorre K, Choi GH, Salem R, Bentrem DJ, Lewandowski R, Makris E, Poultsides G, Dhar VK, Chadalavada S, Shah SA, Johnson AC, Sekhar A, Kies D, Maithel SK, Rocha F, Alseidi A, Hagendoorn J, Borel Rinkes IHM, Fisher AV, Ronnekleiv-Kelly S, Weber SM, Winslow ER, Abbott DE. Is hepatectomy safe following Yttrium-90 therapy? A multi-institutional international experience. HPB (Oxford) 2019; 21:1520-1526. [PMID: 31005493 DOI: 10.1016/j.hpb.2019.03.366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2018] [Revised: 01/22/2019] [Accepted: 03/14/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Single institution reports demonstrate variable safety profiles when liver-directed therapy with Yttrium-90 (Y-90) is followed by hepatectomy. We hypothesized that in well-selected patients, hepatectomy after Y90 is feasible and safe. METHODS Nine institutions contributed data for patients undergoing Y90 followed by hepatectomy (2008-2017). Clinicopathologic and perioperative data were analyzed, with 90-day morbidity and mortality as primary endpoints. RESULTS Forty-seven patients were included. Median age was 59 (20-75) and 62% were male. Malignancies treated included hepatocellular cancer (n = 14; 30%), colorectal cancer (n = 11; 23%), cholangiocarcinoma (n = 8; 17%), neuroendocrine (n = 8; 17%) and other tumors (n = 6). The distribution of Y-90 treatment was: right (n = 30; 64%), bilobar (n = 14; 30%), and left (n = 3; 6%). Median future liver remnant (FLR) following Y90 was 44% (30-78). Resections were primarily right (n = 16; 34%) and extended right (n = 14; 30%) hepatectomies. The median time to resection from Y90 was 196 days (13-947). The 90-day complication rate was 43% and mortality was 2%. Risk factors for Clavien-Dindo Grade>3 complications included: number of Y-90-treated lobes (OR 4.5; 95% CI1.14-17.7; p = 0.03), extent of surgery (p = 0.04) and operative time (p = 0.009). CONCLUSIONS These data demonstrate that hepatectomy following Y-90 is safe in well-selected populations. This multi-disciplinary treatment paradigm should be more widely studied, and potentially adopted, for patients with inadequate FLR.
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25
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Moro A, Paredes AZ, Farooq A, Sahara K, Tsilimigras DI, Mehta R, Endo I, Guglielmi A, Aldrighetti L, Alexandrescu S, Marques HP, Shen F, Koerkamp BG, Sasaki K, Pawlik TM. Discordance in prediction of prognosis among patients with intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma: A preoperative vs postoperative perspective. J Surg Oncol 2019; 120:946-955. [DOI: 10.1002/jso.25671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2019] [Accepted: 08/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Amika Moro
- Department of Surgery, Division of Surgical OncologyThe Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center and James Comprehensive Cancer Center Columbus Ohio
| | - Anghela Z. Paredes
- Department of Surgery, Division of Surgical OncologyThe Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center and James Comprehensive Cancer Center Columbus Ohio
| | - Ayesha Farooq
- Department of Surgery, Division of Surgical OncologyThe Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center and James Comprehensive Cancer Center Columbus Ohio
| | - Kota Sahara
- Department of Surgery, Division of Surgical OncologyThe Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center and James Comprehensive Cancer Center Columbus Ohio
- Department of Gastroenterological SurgeryYokohama City University School of Medicine Yokohama Japan
| | - Diamantis I. Tsilimigras
- Department of Surgery, Division of Surgical OncologyThe Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center and James Comprehensive Cancer Center Columbus Ohio
| | - Rittal Mehta
- Department of Surgery, Division of Surgical OncologyThe Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center and James Comprehensive Cancer Center Columbus Ohio
| | - Itaru Endo
- Department of Gastroenterological SurgeryYokohama City University School of Medicine Yokohama Japan
| | | | | | | | | | - Feng Shen
- Department of SurgeryEastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital Shanghai China
| | - Bas G. Koerkamp
- Department of SurgeryErasmus University Medical Centre Rotterdam Netherlands
| | - Kazunari Sasaki
- Department of General SurgeryCleveland Clinic Foundation Cleveland Ohio
| | - Timothy M. Pawlik
- Department of Surgery, Division of Surgical OncologyThe Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center and James Comprehensive Cancer Center Columbus Ohio
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26
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Matsukuma S, Tokumitsu Y, Shindo Y, Matsui H, Nagano H. Essential updates to the surgical treatment of biliary tract cancer. Ann Gastroenterol Surg 2019; 3:378-389. [PMID: 31346577 PMCID: PMC6635684 DOI: 10.1002/ags3.12266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2019] [Revised: 04/15/2019] [Accepted: 05/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Biliary tract cancer, which includes intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma, extrahepatic bile duct cancer, gallbladder cancer, and ampullary cancer, is an intractable disease with a dismal prognosis. Prognosis is particularly poor in cases involving vessels or lymph nodes. Hepatobiliary pancreatic surgeons worldwide have consistently focused on improving surgical treatment, perioperative management, and chemotherapy to improve the outcomes of these diseases. There has been significant progress even in the last 2 years (2017 and 2018), such as promising findings reported by studies on the optimal extent of surgical treatment and multi-institutional randomized controlled trials on adjuvant chemotherapy. We overview the current trends and advancements made in surgical treatment in 2017 and 2018.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satoshi Matsukuma
- Department of Gastroenterological, Breast and Endocrine SurgeryYamaguchi University Graduate School of MedicineUbeJapan
| | - Yukio Tokumitsu
- Department of Gastroenterological, Breast and Endocrine SurgeryYamaguchi University Graduate School of MedicineUbeJapan
| | - Yoshitaro Shindo
- Department of Gastroenterological, Breast and Endocrine SurgeryYamaguchi University Graduate School of MedicineUbeJapan
| | - Hiroto Matsui
- Department of Gastroenterological, Breast and Endocrine SurgeryYamaguchi University Graduate School of MedicineUbeJapan
| | - Hiroaki Nagano
- Department of Gastroenterological, Breast and Endocrine SurgeryYamaguchi University Graduate School of MedicineUbeJapan
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27
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Sugihara T, Isomoto H, Gores G, Smoot R. YAP and the Hippo pathway in cholangiocarcinoma. J Gastroenterol 2019; 54:485-491. [PMID: 30815737 PMCID: PMC6536462 DOI: 10.1007/s00535-019-01563-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2019] [Accepted: 02/20/2019] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) has an increasing incidence and remains a difficult to treat malignancy. In a search for more effective treatment options, progress has been made in identifying molecular drivers of oncogenic signaling including IDH mutations and FGFR2 fusions. In addition, multiple investigators have identified increased activity of YAP, the effector protein of the Hippo pathway, in CCA. The Hippo pathway regulates organ size, cellular proliferation, and apoptosis via YAP, a transcriptional co-activator. Targeting of the pathway has been difficult due the lack of a dedicated cell-surface receptor. However, more recently, additional cross-regulatory pathways have been identified that are potentially targetable. In this review, we address the current treatment landscape for CCA, the Hippo pathway broadly, animal models of CCA with attention to Hippo-related models, and the current strategies for targeting YAP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takaaki Sugihara
- Division of Medicine and Clinical Science, Department of Multidisciplinary Internal Medicine, Tottori University Faculty of Medicine, Yonago, Tottori, Japan
| | - Hajime Isomoto
- Division of Medicine and Clinical Science, Department of Multidisciplinary Internal Medicine, Tottori University Faculty of Medicine, Yonago, Tottori, Japan
| | - Gregory Gores
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine and Science, 200 First Street SW, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA.
| | - Rory Smoot
- Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreas Surgery, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine and Science, 200 First Street SW, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA.
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28
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Sahara K, Tsilimigras DI, Mehta R, Bagante F, Guglielmi A, Aldrighetti L, Alexandrescu S, Marques HP, Shen F, Koerkamp BG, Endo I, Pawlik TM. A novel online prognostic tool to predict long-term survival after liver resection for intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma: The "metro-ticket" paradigm. J Surg Oncol 2019; 120:223-230. [PMID: 31004365 DOI: 10.1002/jso.25480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2019] [Accepted: 04/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim of the current study was to develop an online calculator to predict survival after liver resection for intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC) based on the "metro-ticket" paradigm. METHODS Between 1990 and 2016, patients who underwent liver resection for ICC were identified in an international multi-institutional database. The final multivariable model of survival was used to develop an online prognostic calculator of survival. RESULTS Among 643 patients, actual 5-year overall survival (OS) after resection for ICC was 42.7%. On multivariable analysis, CA19-9 > 200 (hazard ratio (HR), 2.62; 95% CI, 2.01-3.42), sum of the number and largest tumor size >7 (HR, 1.88; 95% CI, 1.46-2.42), N1 disease (HR, 2.87; 95% CI, 1.98-4.16), R1 resection (HR, 1.72; 95% CI, 1.21-2.46), poor/undifferentiated tumor grade (HR, 1.74; 95% CI, 1.25-2.44), major vascular invasion (HR, 1.47; 95% CI, 1.03-2.10), and adjuvant chemotherapy (HR, 0.64; 95% CI, 0.45-0.89) were significantly associated with survival and were included in the online calculator. The predictive accuracy of the model was good to very good as the C-statistics to predict 5-year OS was 0.696 in the training dataset and 0.672 with bootstrapping resamples (n = 5000) in the test dataset. CONCLUSION A novel, online calculator was developed to estimate the 5-year survival probability for patients undergoing resection for ICC. This tool could help provide useful information to guide treatment decision-making and inform conversations about prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kota Sahara
- Department of Surgery, Division of Surgical Oncology, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center and James Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, Ohio.,Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Yokohama City University School of Medicine, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Diamantis I Tsilimigras
- Department of Surgery, Division of Surgical Oncology, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center and James Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Rittal Mehta
- Department of Surgery, Division of Surgical Oncology, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center and James Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Fabio Bagante
- Department of Surgery, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | | | | | | | - Hugo P Marques
- Department of Surgery, Curry Cabral Hospital, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Feng Shen
- Department of Surgery, Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Bas G Koerkamp
- Department of Surgery, Erasmus University Medical Centre, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Itaru Endo
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Yokohama City University School of Medicine, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Timothy M Pawlik
- Department of Surgery, Division of Surgical Oncology, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center and James Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, Ohio
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29
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Doussot A, Jarnagin WR, Azoulay D, Heyd B. Improving actual survival after hepatectomy for intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma-still a long way to go. Hepatobiliary Surg Nutr 2019; 8:161-163. [PMID: 31098368 DOI: 10.21037/hbsn.2018.11.21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Alexandre Doussot
- Department of Digestive Surgical Oncology, Liver Transplantation Unit, University Hospital of Besancon, Besançon, France
| | - William R Jarnagin
- Department of Surgery, Hepatopancreatobiliary Service, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York City, NY, USA
| | - Daniel Azoulay
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, Liver Transplantation Unit, Henri Mondor Hopital, Créteil, France
| | - Bruno Heyd
- Department of Digestive Surgical Oncology, Liver Transplantation Unit, University Hospital of Besancon, Besançon, France
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30
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Wang C, Pang S, Si-Ma H, Yang N, Zhang H, Fu Y, Yang G. Specific risk factors contributing to early and late recurrences of intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma after curative resection. World J Surg Oncol 2019; 17:2. [PMID: 30606203 PMCID: PMC6317206 DOI: 10.1186/s12957-018-1540-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2018] [Accepted: 12/05/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Most intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC) patients experienced tumor recurrences even after curative resection, but the optimal cut-off time point and the specific risk factors for early and late recurrences of ICC have not been clearly defined. The objective of the current study was to define specific risk factors for early and late recurrences of ICC after radical hepatectomy. METHODS Included in this study were 259 ICC patients who underwent curative surgery at our hospital between January 2005 and December 2009. Recurrences in these patients were followed-up prospectively. Piecewise regression model and the minimum P value approach were used to estimate the optimal cut-off time point for early and late recurrences. Then, Cox's proportional hazards regression model was used to identify specific independent risk factors for early and late recurrences. RESULTS Early and late recurrences occurred in 130 and 74 patients, respectively, and the 12th month was confirmed as the optimal cut-off time point for early and late recurrences. Cox's proportional hazards regression model showed that microvascular invasion (HR = 2.084, 95% CI 1.115-3.897, P = 0.021), multiple tumors (HR = 2.071, 95% CI 1.185-3.616, P = 0.010), abnormal elevation of serum CA19-9 (HR = 1.619, 95% CI 1.076-2.437, P = 0.021), and the negative hepatitis B status (HR = 1.650, 95% CI 1.123-2.427, P = 0.011) were independent risk factors for early recurrence, and HBV-DNA level > 106 IU/mL (HR = 1.785, 95% CI 1.015-3.141, P = 0.044) and a hepatolithiasis history (HR = 2.538, 95% CI 1.165-5.533, P = 0.010) contributed to late recurrence independently. CONCLUSION Specific risk factors and mechanisms may relate to early and late recurrences of ICC after curative resection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changzheng Wang
- Department of Hepatic Surgery, Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, Second Military Medical University, No. 225,Changhai Road, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Shujie Pang
- Department of Hepatic Surgery, Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, Second Military Medical University, No. 225,Changhai Road, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Hui Si-Ma
- Department of Hepatic Surgery, Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, Second Military Medical University, No. 225,Changhai Road, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Ning Yang
- Department of Hepatic Surgery, Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, Second Military Medical University, No. 225,Changhai Road, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Haibin Zhang
- Department of Hepatic Surgery, Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, Second Military Medical University, No. 225,Changhai Road, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Yong Fu
- Department of Hepatic Surgery, Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, Second Military Medical University, No. 225,Changhai Road, Shanghai, 200433, China.
| | - Guangshun Yang
- Department of Hepatic Surgery, Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, Second Military Medical University, No. 225,Changhai Road, Shanghai, 200433, China.
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31
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Zhang YM, Zhou ZT, Liu GM. Is recurrent pyogenic cholangitis an independent poor prognostic indicator for resectable intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma? HPB (Oxford) 2019; 21:132. [PMID: 30274881 DOI: 10.1016/j.hpb.2018.08.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2018] [Revised: 08/09/2018] [Accepted: 08/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yao-Ming Zhang
- The 2nd Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Meizhou People's Hospital, Guangdong 514021, China
| | - Zhen-Tao Zhou
- The 2nd Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Meizhou People's Hospital, Guangdong 514021, China
| | - Gao-Min Liu
- The 2nd Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Meizhou People's Hospital, Guangdong 514021, China.
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32
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Impact of microvascular invasion on clinical outcomes after curative‐intent resection for intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma. J Surg Oncol 2018; 119:21-29. [DOI: 10.1002/jso.25305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2018] [Accepted: 11/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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