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Rahm-Knigge RL, Gleason N, Mark K, Coleman E. Identifying Relationships Between Difficulties with Emotion Regulation and Compulsive Sexual Behavior. ARCHIVES OF SEXUAL BEHAVIOR 2023; 52:3443-3455. [PMID: 37670204 DOI: 10.1007/s10508-023-02690-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2023] [Revised: 08/04/2023] [Accepted: 08/16/2023] [Indexed: 09/07/2023]
Abstract
Emotion dysregulation is an associated feature of compulsive sexual behavior disorder (CSBD), now recognized by the World Health Organization. Previous studies have identified associations between trait emotion dysregulation and CSBD. Given that difficulties with emotion regulation (DERS) is comprised of several facets (e.g., difficulty with impulse control and lacking awareness of one's feelings when upset), and that these facets differentially relate to other mental health concerns, the present study aimed to examine how DERS facets relate to compulsive sexual behavior (CSB). The present study also considered interpersonal emotion regulation via attachment avoidance and attachment anxiety. Hierarchical regression was conducted, first accounting for demographic covariates, then adding attachment styles, and finally all DERS subscales. Results indicated that, among a large, diverse, online U.S. sample (N = 915; Mage = 39.21, SD = 0.81; 54.3% men), difficulty controlling impulses when upset, difficulty with clarity of emotions, and non-acceptance of emotions were significantly positively associated with CSB (small to moderate effects). Attachment anxiety and avoidance were also significantly positively associated with CSB, although their effects were minimal when adding DERS facets. Overall, this study supports the theorized impact of emotion dysregulation on CSB. Assessment of individual differences in DERS and intervening on these concerns are important for treating CSB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan L Rahm-Knigge
- Department of Family Medicine and Community Health, Eli Coleman Institute for Sexual and Gender Health, University of Minnesota Medical School, 1300 South 2nd Street, Suite 180, Minneapolis, MN, 55415, USA.
| | - Neil Gleason
- Department of Psychology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Kristen Mark
- Department of Family Medicine and Community Health, Eli Coleman Institute for Sexual and Gender Health, University of Minnesota Medical School, 1300 South 2nd Street, Suite 180, Minneapolis, MN, 55415, USA
| | - Eli Coleman
- Department of Family Medicine and Community Health, Eli Coleman Institute for Sexual and Gender Health, University of Minnesota Medical School, 1300 South 2nd Street, Suite 180, Minneapolis, MN, 55415, USA
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Wallace GT, Henry KL, Barrett KC, Conner BT. Personality and emotion dysregulation profiles predict differential engagement in a wide range of health-risk behaviors. JOURNAL OF AMERICAN COLLEGE HEALTH : J OF ACH 2023; 71:1740-1752. [PMID: 34243687 DOI: 10.1080/07448481.2021.1947302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2020] [Revised: 03/13/2021] [Accepted: 06/08/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Health-risk behaviors have an unclear etiology and college students have elevated risk for engagement. Emotion dysregulation and several personality dimensions have been implicated in health-risk behaviors, but these constructs have rarely been studied together. Further, it is unknown if different types of health-risk behaviors have distinct etiologies. PARTICIPANTS 2077 college students completed a cross-sectional survey. METHODS Latent profile analysis discerned classes of participants from emotion dysregulation and personality dimensions. Differential engagement in self-injury, suicidality, disordered eating, substance misuse, and unprotected sex was evaluated across classes. RESULTS Three classes were identified, which were primarily distinguished by emotion dysregulation, urgency, and neuroticism. Health-risk behaviors generally increased across classes with increasing emotion-related constructs. Self-injury and suicidality demonstrated different patterns than other health-risk behaviors. CONCLUSIONS Results elucidate heterogeneity in health-risk behavior engagement. Focusing on emotional difficulties may be more important for reducing self-injury and suicidality than disordered eating, substance misuse, and risky sex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gemma T Wallace
- Department of Psychology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA
| | - Kimberly L Henry
- Department of Psychology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA
| | - Karen C Barrett
- Department of Human Development and Family Studies, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA
| | - Bradley T Conner
- Department of Psychology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA
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Folayan MO, Abeldaño Zuñiga RA, Aly NM, Ellakany P, Idigbe IE, Jafer M, Lawal FB, Khalid Z, Lusher J, Virtanen JI, Nguyen AL. Differences in adoption of COVID-19 pandemic related preventive behaviour by viral load suppression status among people living with HIV during the first wave of the pandemic. BMC Res Notes 2023; 16:90. [PMID: 37231488 PMCID: PMC10212221 DOI: 10.1186/s13104-023-06363-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2022] [Accepted: 05/19/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Adherence to antiretroviral therapy and COVID-19 preventive behaviours among people living with HIV during the pandemic has received little attention in the literature. To address this gap in knowledge, the present study assessed the associations between viral load, adherence to antiretroviral therapy and the use of COVID-19 prevention strategies during the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic. This was a secondary analysis of data generated through an online survey recruiting participants from 152 countries. Complete data from 680 respondents living with HIV were extracted for this analysis. RESULTS The findings suggest that detectable viral load was associated with lower odds of wearing facemasks (AOR: 0.44; 95% CI:0.28-0.69; p < 0.01) and washing hands as often as recommended (AOR: 0.64; 95% CI: 0.42-0.97; p = 0.03). Also, adherence to the use of antiretroviral drugs was associated with lower odds of working remotely (AOR: 0.60; 95% CI: 0.38-0.94; p = 0.02). We found a complex relationship between HIV positive status biological parameters and adherence to COVID-19 preventive measures that may be partly explained by risk-taking behaviours. Further studies are needed to understand the reasons for the study findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Morenike Oluwatoyin Folayan
- Mental Health and Wellness Study Group, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria.
- Department of Child Dental Health, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria.
| | - Roberto Ariel Abeldaño Zuñiga
- Mental Health and Wellness Study Group, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria
- Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Postgraduate Department, University of Sierra Sur, Oaxaca, Mexico
| | - Nourhan M Aly
- Mental Health and Wellness Study Group, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Dental Public Health, Faculty of Dentistry, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Passent Ellakany
- Mental Health and Wellness Study Group, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria
- Department of Substitutive Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ifeoma E Idigbe
- Mental Health and Wellness Study Group, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria
- Clinical Sciences Department, Nigerian Institute of Medical Research, Lagos, Nigeria
| | - Mohammed Jafer
- Mental Health and Wellness Study Group, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria
- Department of Preventive Dental Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Folake B Lawal
- Mental Health and Wellness Study Group, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria
- Department of Periodontology and Community Dentistry, University of Ibadan and University College Hospital, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Zumama Khalid
- Mental Health and Wellness Study Group, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Genova, Genova, GE, 16132, Italy
| | - Joanne Lusher
- Mental Health and Wellness Study Group, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria
- Regent's University, London, UK
| | - Jorma I Virtanen
- Mental Health and Wellness Study Group, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Annie L Nguyen
- Mental Health and Wellness Study Group, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria
- Department of Family Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
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Wang P, Pan R, Wu X, Zhu G, Wang Y, Tian M, Sun Y, Wang J. Reciprocal associations between shyness, depression, and Internet gaming disorder among Chinese adolescents: A cross-lagged panel study. Addict Behav 2022; 129:107256. [PMID: 35114630 DOI: 10.1016/j.addbeh.2022.107256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2021] [Revised: 01/13/2022] [Accepted: 01/17/2022] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
While video games are one of the most common online entertainment activities, Internet gaming disorder (IGD) in adolescents is a critical issue that has become a widely raised public concern. This one-year longitudinal study examined the reciprocal associations between shyness, depression, and IGD symptoms in a sample of Chinese adolescents. A fully cross-lagged panel design was used, in which shyness, depression, and IGD symptoms were assessed at two time points with an interval of one year (T1 and T2). A total of 1,047 junior high school students (504 boys; 543 girls; mean age = 12.45 years) participated in the study. Cross-lagged analysis results indicated a significant positive correlation between shyness, depression, and IGD symptoms, as well as a dynamic and bidirectional relationship between them. Specifically, T1 shyness positively predicted T2 depression symptoms (β = 0.167, p < 0.001), T1 depression symptoms positively predicted T2 shyness (β = 0.141, p < 0.01), and T1 IGD symptoms positively predicted T2 depression symptoms (β = 0.073, p < 0.05). In addition to these findings, gender differences were identified in shyness (T1 and T2), IGD symptoms (T1 and T2), and depression symptoms (T2). The results also indicated that shyness and symptoms of depression could significantly positively predict each other over time, and IGD symptoms could significantly predict depression symptoms. However, depression symptoms could not significantly predict IGD symptoms over the one-year study period, and there was no significant two-way prediction between shyness and IGD symptoms. Thus, this study reveals possible reciprocal associations between shyness, depression, and IGD symptoms in Chinese adolescents and provides insights and suggestions for reducing online gaming addiction among adolescents from the perspective of shyness and depression.
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Conner BT. Re-Operationalizing Sensation Seeking Through the Development of the Sensation Seeking Personality Trait Scale. MEASUREMENT AND EVALUATION IN COUNSELING AND DEVELOPMENT 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/07481756.2021.2018658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Latent profiles of impulsivity facets and associations with drinking behaviors. Drug Alcohol Depend 2021; 228:108979. [PMID: 34500241 DOI: 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2021.108979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2021] [Revised: 07/20/2021] [Accepted: 08/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Impulsivity is positively associated with alcohol use. However, scant research has used person-centered approaches to examine how patterns of impulsivity facets may be associated with alcohol-related outcomes. Consequently, the present study sought to (1) identify latent groups of individuals who share similarities based on the five facets of impulsivity assessed using the UPPS-P scale (positive urgency, negative urgency, premeditation, perseverance, and sensation seeking) and (2) examine differences between latent profiles on alcohol use (i.e., typical alcohol quantity, typical alcohol frequency, binge frequency), alcohol consequences, and drinking motivations. METHODS Participants were 360 (M age = 21.83; 78.9 % female; 49.4 % racial/ethnic minority) college students who reported weekly drinking over the prior 30 days. They completed questionnaires of impulsivity, alcohol use behaviors, alcohol consequences, and drinking motivations. Latent profile analysis was used to identify classes based on the five UPPS-P facets as indicators. RESULTS Results revealed that three classes best fit the data: Highest UPPS-P (14.4 %); Moderate UPPS-P (56.9 %); and Lowest UPPS-P (28.6 %). Profiles did not vary on drinking behaviors (quantity, frequency, or binge frequency), but significant differences were observed on alcohol consequences and drinking motivations, specifically coping and conformity motives. CONCLUSIONS Our data demonstrated that UPPS-P facets tend to cluster together, and patterns may pose risk for consequences and negative motives for drinking. The current study contributed to the conceptualization of impulsivity by identifying specific impulsivity typologies that may be used to target individuals at elevated risk for alcohol consequences.
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Rahm-Knigge RL, Prince MA, Conner BT. More Likely to Have Risky Sex but less Sexually Satisfied: a Profile of High Social Interaction Anxiety, Urgency, and Emotion Dysregulation. JOURNAL OF PSYCHOPATHOLOGY AND BEHAVIORAL ASSESSMENT 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s10862-021-09889-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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Kentopp SD, Conner BT, Fetterling TJ, Delgadillo AA, Rebecca RA. Sensation seeking and nonsuicidal self-injurious behavior among adolescent psychiatric patients. Clin Child Psychol Psychiatry 2021; 26:430-442. [PMID: 33615846 DOI: 10.1177/1359104521994627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
The Benefits and Barriers model of NSSI postulates that engagement in NSSI is positively reinforced by potent benefits, however there are a host of barriers to engagement, any one of which is salient enough to prevent engagement. It is possible that individual differences in sensation seeking, a trait that describes optimal level of positive reinforcement, may alter the balance between the benefits and barriers of engagement in NSSI. There are significant associations between engagement in NSSI and sensation seeking in college undergraduates, a population with disproportionately high rates of NSSI. However, it is unclear whether these traits play a similar role in adolescents. We expected that higher levels of sensation seeking would positively relate to any NSSI history, lifetime frequency of NSSI, and earlier age at onset of NSSI among a sample of 200 adolescents in a psychiatric hospital. Consistent with previous research, results indicated that females were more likely to engage in NSSI than males. Additionally, increased sensation seeking was associated with greater likelihood of ever engaging in NSSI and a greater number of different NSSI methods tried. Though we expected sensation seeking would be significantly related to lifetime NSSI frequency and earlier onset of NSSI, it was not. Findings suggest that individual differences may alter relations between the benefits and barriers of NSSI and that measuring sensation seeking in adolescents, especially females, and especially those experiencing psychological distress, may identify those at highest risk for engaging in NSSI and may allow for targeted intervention with these individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shane D Kentopp
- Department of Psychology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, USA
| | - Bradley T Conner
- Department of Psychology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, USA
| | | | | | - Rachel A Rebecca
- UCHealth Mountain Crest Behavioral Health Center, Fort Collins, CO, USA
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Szkody E, Steele EH, McKinney C. Links between parental socialization of coping on affect: Mediation by emotion regulation and social exclusion. J Adolesc 2020; 80:60-72. [PMID: 32070796 DOI: 10.1016/j.adolescence.2020.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2019] [Revised: 01/03/2020] [Accepted: 02/07/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Parental socialization of coping strategies is associated with various emotion regulation difficulties and continues to impact individuals during emerging adulthood. As emerging adults' transition into adulthood, they experience social stressors that put their emotion regulation skills to the test. METHODS The current study examined the associations of the parental socialization of coping strategies and emotion regulation difficulties with emerging adult positive and negative affect in response to social exclusion. Emerging adults (N = 402, 206 males and 196 females) from a large Southern university in the United States were recruited for the study. Participants completed survey measures of parental socialization of coping, positive and negative affect, and emotion regulation difficulties before engaging in a social exclusion task called Cyberball. After the task, participants completed a measure of positive and negative affect again. RESULTS Primary parental socialization of coping was associated with emotion regulation difficulties, both of which were associated with affect after the exclusion task, thus supporting the indirect effect of parental coping socialization on affect through a preexisting variable (i.e., emotion regulation) and a causal manipulation (i.e., exclusion task). CONCLUSIONS The impact of parental suggestions of coping strategies and emotion regulation difficulties during emerging adulthood indicate that parents continue to be an important point of intervention as individuals' transition to adulthood.
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Examining links between cannabis potency and mental and physical health outcomes. Behav Res Ther 2019; 115:111-120. [DOI: 10.1016/j.brat.2018.11.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2018] [Revised: 11/07/2018] [Accepted: 11/16/2018] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Rahm-Knigge RL, Prince MA, Conner BT. Clarifying the Relation between Social Interaction Anxiety and Cannabis Use: Personality as a Distinguishing Factor. Subst Use Misuse 2019; 54:2001-2012. [PMID: 31349757 DOI: 10.1080/10826084.2019.1626431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Background: Individuals with social interaction anxiety, a facet of social anxiety disorder, are heterogeneous with respect to approaching or avoiding risky behaviors, including substance use. Additionally, the relation between social anxiety and cannabis use frequency has been inconsistent in the literature. Objective: The present study aimed to clarify the relation between social interaction anxiety and cannabis use by examining the effects of personality traits known to differentially predict substance use, including sensation seeking, emotion dysregulation, urgency, behavioral approach, and behavioral inhibition. Methods: We explored heterogeneity in social interaction anxiety using finite mixture modeling to discern profiles differing in mean scores on measures of social interaction anxiety and personality. We then examined how profiles differed in their likelihood of cannabis use. Results: The profile with low social interaction anxiety and high scores on personality measures was the most likely to use cannabis at all time periods. Two profiles with high social interaction anxiety scores were discerned. Between these two profiles, the profile with the highest levels of social interaction anxiety and most measured personality traits was more likely to use cannabis across all measured time periods. The profile with the high social interaction anxiety and low scores on personality measures was the least likely to use cannabis. Conclusions: Results of the present study identified personality traits most associated with increased risk of cannabis use for people high and low in social interaction anxiety, including facets of emotion regulation, urgency, and sensation seeking.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan L Rahm-Knigge
- Department of Psychology, Colorado State University , Fort Collins , Colorado , USA
| | - Mark A Prince
- Department of Psychology, Colorado State University , Fort Collins , Colorado , USA
| | - Bradley T Conner
- Department of Psychology, Colorado State University , Fort Collins , Colorado , USA
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