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Ovalle-Flores L, Rodríguez-Nieto M, Zárate-Triviño D, Rodríguez-Padilla C, Menchaca JL. Methodologies and models for measuring viscoelastic properties of cancer cells: Towards a universal classification. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater 2023; 140:105734. [PMID: 36848744 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2023.105734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2022] [Revised: 02/09/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 02/22/2023]
Abstract
Different methods and several physical models exist to study cell viscoelasticity with the atomic force microscope (AFM). In search of a robust mechanical classification of cells through AFM, in this work, viscoelastic parameters of the cancer cell lines MDA-MB-231, DU-145, and MG-63 are obtained using two methodologies; through force-distance and force-relaxation curves. Four mechanical models were applied to fit the curves. The results show that both methodologies agree qualitatively on the parameters that quantify elasticity but disagree on the parameters that account for energy dissipation. The Fractional Zener (FZ) model represents well the information given by the Solid Linear Standard and Generalized Maxwell models. The Fractional Kelvin (FK) model concentrates the viscoelastic information mainly in two parameters, which could be an advantage over the other models. Therefore, the FZ and FK models are proposed as the basis for the classification of cancer cells. However, more research using these models is needed to obtain a broader view of the meaning of each parameter and to be able to establish a relationship between the parameters and the cellular components.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lizeth Ovalle-Flores
- Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Centro de Investigación en Ciencias Físico Matemáticas, Facultad de Ciencias Físico Matemáticas, Av. Universidad s/n, San Nicolás de los Garza, 66450, Nuevo León, Mexico
| | - Maricela Rodríguez-Nieto
- Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Centro de Investigación en Ciencias Físico Matemáticas, Facultad de Ciencias Físico Matemáticas, Av. Universidad s/n, San Nicolás de los Garza, 66450, Nuevo León, Mexico
| | - Diana Zárate-Triviño
- Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Laboratorio de Inmunología y Virología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Av. Manuel L. Barragán s/n, San Nicolás de los Garza, 66450, Nuevo León, Mexico
| | - Cristina Rodríguez-Padilla
- Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Laboratorio de Inmunología y Virología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Av. Manuel L. Barragán s/n, San Nicolás de los Garza, 66450, Nuevo León, Mexico
| | - Jorge Luis Menchaca
- Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Centro de Investigación en Ciencias Físico Matemáticas, Facultad de Ciencias Físico Matemáticas, Av. Universidad s/n, San Nicolás de los Garza, 66450, Nuevo León, Mexico.
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Hao Y, Cheng S, Tanaka Y, Hosokawa Y, Yalikun Y, Li M. Mechanical properties of single cells: Measurement methods and applications. Biotechnol Adv 2020; 45:107648. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2020.107648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2020] [Revised: 09/11/2020] [Accepted: 10/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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Zhu X, Cirovic S, Shaheen A, Xu W. Investigation of fullerenol-induced changes in poroelasticity of human hepatocellular carcinoma by AFM-based creep tests. Biomech Model Mechanobiol 2017; 17:665-674. [PMID: 29196829 PMCID: PMC5948309 DOI: 10.1007/s10237-017-0984-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2017] [Accepted: 11/11/2017] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
In this study, atomic force microscopy (AFM) is used to investigate the alterations of the poroelastic properties of hepatocellular carcinoma (SMMC-7721) cells treated with fullerenol. The SMMC-7721 cells were subject to AFM-based creep tests, and a corresponding poroelastic indentation model was used to determine the poroelastic parameters by curve fitting. Comparative analyses indicated that the both permeability and diffusion of fullerenol-treated cells increased significantly while their elastic modulus decreased by a small amount. From the change in the trend of the determined parameter, we verified the corresponding alternations of cytoskeleton (mainly filaments actin), which was reported by the previous study using confocal imaging method. Our investigation on SMMC-7721 cell reveals that the poroelastic properties could provide a better understanding how the cancer cells are affected by fullerenol or potentially other drugs which could find possible applications in drug efficacy test, cancer diagnosis and secure therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyao Zhu
- Faculty of Engineering and Physical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guilford, GU2 7XH, UK
| | - Srdjan Cirovic
- Faculty of Engineering and Physical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guilford, GU2 7XH, UK
| | - Aliah Shaheen
- Faculty of Engineering and Physical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guilford, GU2 7XH, UK
| | - Wei Xu
- Faculty of Engineering and Physical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guilford, GU2 7XH, UK.
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Knorr JM, Jackson J, Batie MR, Narmoneva DA, Jones DC. Application of strain and calibration of Förster Resonance Energy Transfer (FRET) emission for in vitro live cell response to cytoskeletal deformation. J Biomech 2016; 49:3334-3339. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiomech.2016.08.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2016] [Revised: 08/18/2016] [Accepted: 08/19/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Single-Cell Mechanical Properties: Label-Free Biomarkers for Cell Status Evaluation. SERIES IN BIOENGINEERING 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-662-49118-8_8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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Takei T, Yaguchi T, Fujii T, Nomoto T, Toyota T, Fujinami M. Measurement of membrane tension of free standing lipid bilayers via laser-induced surface deformation spectroscopy. SOFT MATTER 2015; 11:8641-7. [PMID: 26371704 DOI: 10.1039/c5sm01264c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Non-invasive measurement of the membrane tension of free-standing black lipid membranes (BLMs), with sensitivity on the order of μN m(-1), was achieved using laser-induced surface deformation (LISD) spectroscopy. A BLM was vertically formed via the folding method and aqueous phases with different refractive indices were added on each side in order to induce radiation pressure by a laser beam. The dynamic response of the deformed BLMs was measured under periodic intensity modulation and their tensions could be estimated. The dependence of membrane tension on the cholesterol concentration of BLMs composed of phosphatidylcholine and phosphatidylethanolamine was investigated, with the membrane tension increasing from 1.3 μN m(-1) to 68.1 μN m(-1) when the cholesterol concentration increased from zero to 33%. These tension values are much smaller than some of those previously reported, because this method does not suppress membrane fluctuation unlike other conventional methods. Our LISD system can be a promising tool for the measurement of membrane tension in BLMs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomohiko Takei
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Biotechnology, Chiba University, 1-33 Yayoi, Inage, Chiba 263-8522, Japan.
| | - Tatsuya Yaguchi
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Biotechnology, Chiba University, 1-33 Yayoi, Inage, Chiba 263-8522, Japan.
| | - Takuya Fujii
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Biotechnology, Chiba University, 1-33 Yayoi, Inage, Chiba 263-8522, Japan.
| | - Tomonori Nomoto
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Biotechnology, Chiba University, 1-33 Yayoi, Inage, Chiba 263-8522, Japan.
| | - Taro Toyota
- Department of Basic Science, The University of Tokyo, 3-8-1 Komaba, Meguro, Tokyo 153-8902, Japan
| | - Masanori Fujinami
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Biotechnology, Chiba University, 1-33 Yayoi, Inage, Chiba 263-8522, Japan.
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Liu Y, Wang Z, Wang X. AFM-Based Study of Fullerenol (C 60 (OH) 24 )-Induced Changes of Elasticity in Living SMCC-7721 Cells. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater 2015; 45:65-74. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2014.12.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2014] [Revised: 12/08/2014] [Accepted: 12/10/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Zhang B, Luo Q, Mao X, Xu B, Yang L, Ju Y, Song G. A synthetic mechano-growth factor E peptide promotes rat tenocyte migration by lessening cell stiffness and increasing F-actin formation via the FAK-ERK1/2 signaling pathway. Exp Cell Res 2014; 322:208-16. [DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2014.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2013] [Revised: 01/02/2014] [Accepted: 01/06/2014] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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Zhdanov VP. Physical aspects of the initial phase of endocytosis. PHYSICAL REVIEW. E, STATISTICAL, NONLINEAR, AND SOFT MATTER PHYSICS 2013; 88:064701. [PMID: 24483591 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.88.064701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2013] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
The endocytotic mechanism of entry of virions into cells includes wrapping of a virion by the host membrane with subsequent formation of a vesicle covering a virion. The energy along this pathway depends on the ligand-receptor interaction and deformation of the cell membrane and underlying actin cytoskeleton. The available models describe the cytoskeleton deformation by using the conventional continuum theory of elasticity and predict that this factor often controls the repulsive part of the virion-cell interaction. This approach is, however, debatable because the size of virions is smaller than or comparable to the length scale characterizing the cytoskeleton structure. The author shows that the continuum theory appreciably (up to one order of magnitude) overestimates the cytoskeleton-deformation energy and that the scale of this energy is comparable to that of cell membrane bending.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vladimir P Zhdanov
- Division of Biological Physics, Department of Applied Physics, Chalmers University of Technology, S-41296 Göteborg, Sweden and Boreskov Institute of Catalysis, Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
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