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Zdarta J, Bachosz K, Degórska O, Zdarta A, Kaczorek E, Pinelo M, Meyer AS, Jesionowski T. Co-Immobilization of Glucose Dehydrogenase and Xylose Dehydrogenase as a New Approach for Simultaneous Production of Gluconic and Xylonic Acid. MATERIALS 2019; 12:ma12193167. [PMID: 31569698 PMCID: PMC6804251 DOI: 10.3390/ma12193167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2019] [Revised: 09/20/2019] [Accepted: 09/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The conversion of biomass components catalyzed via immobilized enzymes is a promising way of obtaining valuable compounds with high efficiency under mild conditions. However, simultaneous transformation of glucose and xylose into gluconic acid and xylonic acid, respectively, is an overlooked research area. Therefore, in this work we have undertaken a study focused on the co-immobilization of glucose dehydrogenase (GDH, EC 1.1.1.118) and xylose dehydrogenase (XDH, EC 1.1.1.175) using mesoporous Santa Barbara Amorphous silica (SBA 15) for the simultaneous production of gluconic acid and xylonic acid. The effective co-immobilization of enzymes onto the surface and into the pores of the silica support was confirmed. A GDH:XDH ratio equal to 1:5 was the most suitable for the conversion of xylose and glucose, as the reaction yield reached over 90% for both monosaccharides after 45 min of the process. Upon co-immobilization, reaction yields exceeding 80% were noticed over wide pH (7–9) and temperature (40–60 °C) ranges. Additionally, the co-immobilized GDH and XDH exhibited a significant enhancement of their thermal, chemical and storage stability. Furthermore, the co-immobilized enzymes are characterized by good reusability, as they facilitated the reaction yields by over 80%, even after 5 consecutive reaction steps.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jakub Zdarta
- Institute of Chemical Technology and Engineering, Faculty of Chemical Technology, Poznan University of Technology, Berdychowo 4, PL-60965 Poznan, Poland.
| | - Karolina Bachosz
- Institute of Chemical Technology and Engineering, Faculty of Chemical Technology, Poznan University of Technology, Berdychowo 4, PL-60965 Poznan, Poland
| | - Oliwia Degórska
- Institute of Chemical Technology and Engineering, Faculty of Chemical Technology, Poznan University of Technology, Berdychowo 4, PL-60965 Poznan, Poland
| | - Agata Zdarta
- Institute of Chemical Technology and Engineering, Faculty of Chemical Technology, Poznan University of Technology, Berdychowo 4, PL-60965 Poznan, Poland
| | - Ewa Kaczorek
- Institute of Chemical Technology and Engineering, Faculty of Chemical Technology, Poznan University of Technology, Berdychowo 4, PL-60965 Poznan, Poland
| | - Manuel Pinelo
- Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, DTU Chemical Engineering, Technical University of Denmark, Soltofts Plads 229, DK-2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Anne S Meyer
- Department of Biotechnology and Biomedicine, DTU Bioengineering, Technical University of Denmark, Soltofts Plads 224, DK-2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Teofil Jesionowski
- Institute of Chemical Technology and Engineering, Faculty of Chemical Technology, Poznan University of Technology, Berdychowo 4, PL-60965 Poznan, Poland.
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Sánchez-Moreno I, Benito-Arenas R, Montero-Calle P, Hermida C, García-Junceda E, Fernández-Mayoralas A. Simple and Practical Multigram Synthesis of d-Xylonate Using a Recombinant Xylose Dehydrogenase. ACS OMEGA 2019; 4:10593-10598. [PMID: 31460157 PMCID: PMC6648848 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.9b01090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2019] [Accepted: 06/05/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
An efficient multienzyme system for the preparative synthesis of d-xylonate, a chemical with versatile industrial applications, is described. The multienzyme system is based on d-xylose oxidation catalyzed by the xylose dehydrogenase from Calulobacter crescentus and the use of catalytic amounts of NAD+. The cofactor is regenerated in situ by coupling the reduction of acetaldehyde into ethanol catalyzed by alcohol dehydrogenase from Clostridium kluyveri. Excellent conversions (>95%) were obtained in a process that allows easy product isolation by simple evaporation of the volatile buffer and byproducts.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Raúl Benito-Arenas
- Departamento
de Química Bioorgánica, Instituto
de Química Orgánica General (IQOG-CSIC), Juan de la Cierva 3, 28006 Madrid, Spain
| | - Pilar Montero-Calle
- Departamento
de Química Bioorgánica, Instituto
de Química Orgánica General (IQOG-CSIC), Juan de la Cierva 3, 28006 Madrid, Spain
| | - Carmen Hermida
- Venter
Pharma S.L., Azalea 1, 28109 Alcobendas (Madrid), Spain
| | - Eduardo García-Junceda
- Departamento
de Química Bioorgánica, Instituto
de Química Orgánica General (IQOG-CSIC), Juan de la Cierva 3, 28006 Madrid, Spain
| | - Alfonso Fernández-Mayoralas
- Departamento
de Química Bioorgánica, Instituto
de Química Orgánica General (IQOG-CSIC), Juan de la Cierva 3, 28006 Madrid, Spain
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Lee CC, Jordan DB, Stoller JR, Kibblewhite RE, Wagschal K. Biochemical characterization of Caulobacter crescentus xylose dehydrogenase. Int J Biol Macromol 2018; 118:1362-1367. [PMID: 29959017 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2018.06.124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2018] [Revised: 06/04/2018] [Accepted: 06/25/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
d-Xylose sugar is a common component of hemicellulose, the second largest fraction of biomass. Many groups have developed biological conversions of d-xylose to value-added products by recombinant expression of the xylose dehydrogenase enzyme from Caulobacter crescentus. This enzyme uses NAD+ as a cofactor to oxidize d-xylose to d-xylono-1,4-lactone. A detailed understanding of the mechanism of this enzyme could be useful in engineering more efficient versions. Therefore, we have conducted kinetic studies including both the forward and reverse physiological reactions of this enzyme. We demonstrate that the enzyme's substrate binding mode follows a sequential steady state ordered mechanism with NAD+ or NADH binding first. Furthermore, the kcat of the reaction in the direction of NAD+ reduction is 10-fold higher than that of the reverse reaction. From rapid reaction studies, we demonstrate the binding of NAD+ and NADH to the free enzyme and that hydride transfer occurs in a fast step followed by a much slower steady state. We calculate that the dissociations of the sugar products from the enzyme complexes are the major rate limiting steps in both directions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charles C Lee
- USDA-ARS-Western Regional Research Center, 800 Buchanan St., Albany, CA 94710, USA.
| | - Douglas B Jordan
- USDA-ARS-National Center for Agricultural Utilization Research, Peoria, IL 61604, USA
| | - J Rose Stoller
- USDA-ARS-National Center for Agricultural Utilization Research, Peoria, IL 61604, USA
| | - Rena E Kibblewhite
- USDA-ARS-Western Regional Research Center, 800 Buchanan St., Albany, CA 94710, USA
| | - Kurt Wagschal
- USDA-ARS-Western Regional Research Center, 800 Buchanan St., Albany, CA 94710, USA
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Analytical Validation of a New Enzymatic and Automatable Method for d-Xylose Measurement in Human Urine Samples. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2017; 2017:8421418. [PMID: 29147660 PMCID: PMC5632886 DOI: 10.1155/2017/8421418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2017] [Revised: 07/12/2017] [Accepted: 07/24/2017] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Hypolactasia, or intestinal lactase deficiency, affects more than half of the world population. Currently, xylose quantification in urine after gaxilose oral administration for the noninvasive diagnosis of hypolactasia is performed with the hand-operated nonautomatable phloroglucinol reaction. This work demonstrates that a new enzymatic xylose quantification method, based on the activity of xylose dehydrogenase from Caulobacter crescentus, represents an excellent alternative to the manual phloroglucinol reaction. The new method is automatable and facilitates the use of the gaxilose test for hypolactasia diagnosis in the clinical practice. The analytical validation of the new technique was performed in three different autoanalyzers, using buffer or urine samples spiked with different xylose concentrations. For the comparison between the phloroglucinol and the enzymatic assays, 224 urine samples of patients to whom the gaxilose test had been prescribed were assayed by both methods. A mean bias of −16.08 mg of xylose was observed when comparing the results obtained by both techniques. After adjusting the cut-off of the enzymatic method to 19.18 mg of xylose, the Kappa coefficient was found to be 0.9531, indicating an excellent level of agreement between both analytical procedures. This new assay represents the first automatable enzymatic technique validated for xylose quantification in urine.
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