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Lei Y, Wang X, Sun S, He B, Sun W, Wang K, Chen Z, Guo Z, Li Z. A review of lipid accumulation by oleaginous yeasts: Culture mode. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 919:170385. [PMID: 38364585 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.170385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2023] [Revised: 01/05/2024] [Accepted: 01/21/2024] [Indexed: 02/18/2024]
Abstract
Microbial lipids have attracted considerable interest owing to their favorable environmental sustainability benefits. In laboratory-scale studies, the factors impacting lipid production in oleaginous yeasts, including culture conditions, nutrients, and low-cost substrates, have been extensively studied. However, there were several different modes of microbial lipid cultivation (batch culture, fed-batch culture, continuous culture, and other novel culture modes), making it difficult to comprehensively analyze impacting factors under different cultivation modes on a laboratory scale. And only few cases of microbial lipid production have been conducted at the pilot scale, which requires more technological reliability assessments and environmental benefit evaluations. Thus, this study summarized the different culture modes and cases of scale-up processes, highlighting the role of the nutrient element ratio in regulating culture mode selection and lipid accumulation. The cost distribution and environmental benefits of microbial lipid production by oleaginous yeasts were also investigated. Our results suggested that the continuous culture mode was recommended for the scale-up process because of its stable lipid accumulation. More importantly, exploring the continuous culture mode integrated with other efficient culture modes remained to be further investigated. In research on scale-up processes, low-cost substrate (organic waste) application and optimization of reactor operational parameters were key to increasing environmental benefits and reducing costs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuxin Lei
- School of Energy and Environmental Engineering, Beijing Key Laboratory of Resource-oriented Treatment of Industrial Pollutants, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Xueyuan Road No.30, Haidian District, Beijing 100083, PR China
| | - Xuemei Wang
- School of Energy and Environmental Engineering, Beijing Key Laboratory of Resource-oriented Treatment of Industrial Pollutants, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Xueyuan Road No.30, Haidian District, Beijing 100083, PR China.
| | - Shushuang Sun
- School of Energy and Environmental Engineering, Beijing Key Laboratory of Resource-oriented Treatment of Industrial Pollutants, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Xueyuan Road No.30, Haidian District, Beijing 100083, PR China.
| | - Bingyang He
- School of Energy and Environmental Engineering, Beijing Key Laboratory of Resource-oriented Treatment of Industrial Pollutants, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Xueyuan Road No.30, Haidian District, Beijing 100083, PR China
| | - Wenjin Sun
- School of Energy and Environmental Engineering, Beijing Key Laboratory of Resource-oriented Treatment of Industrial Pollutants, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Xueyuan Road No.30, Haidian District, Beijing 100083, PR China
| | - Kexin Wang
- School of Energy and Environmental Engineering, Beijing Key Laboratory of Resource-oriented Treatment of Industrial Pollutants, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Xueyuan Road No.30, Haidian District, Beijing 100083, PR China
| | - Zhengxian Chen
- School of Energy and Environmental Engineering, Beijing Key Laboratory of Resource-oriented Treatment of Industrial Pollutants, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Xueyuan Road No.30, Haidian District, Beijing 100083, PR China
| | - Zhiling Guo
- School of Geography, Earth & Environmental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2TT, United Kingdom.
| | - Zifu Li
- School of Energy and Environmental Engineering, Beijing Key Laboratory of Resource-oriented Treatment of Industrial Pollutants, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Xueyuan Road No.30, Haidian District, Beijing 100083, PR China.
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Sriphuttha C, Boontawan P, Boonyanan P, Ketudat-Cairns M, Boontawan A. Simultaneous Lipid and Carotenoid Production via Rhodotorula paludigena CM33 Using Crude Glycerol as the Main Substrate: Pilot-Scale Experiments. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:17192. [PMID: 38139021 PMCID: PMC10743220 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242417192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2023] [Revised: 11/20/2023] [Accepted: 11/26/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Rhodotorula paludigena CM33 is an oleaginous yeast that has been demonstrated to accumulate substantial quantities of intracellular lipids and carotenoids. In this study, crude glycerol, a by-product of biodiesel production, was used as a carbon source to enhance the accumulation of lipids and carotenoids in the cells. The culture conditions were first optimized using response surface methodology, which revealed that the carotenoid concentration and lipid content improved when the concentration of crude glycerol was 40 g/L. Different fermentation conditions were also investigated: batch, repeated-batch, and fed-batch conditions in a 500 L fermenter. For fed-batch fermentation, the maximum concentrations of biomass, lipids, and carotenoids obtained were 46.32 g/L, 37.65%, and 713.80 mg/L, respectively. A chemical-free carotenoid extraction method was also optimized using high-pressure homogenization and a microfluidizer device. The carotenoids were found to be mostly beta-carotene, which was confirmed by HPLC (high pressure liquid chromatography), LC-MS (liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry), and NMR (nuclear magnetic resonance). The results of this study indicate that crude glycerol can be used as a substrate to produce carotenoids, resulting in enhanced value of this biodiesel by-product.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheeranan Sriphuttha
- School of Biotechnology, Institute of Agricultural Technology, Suranaree University of Technology, 111 University Avenue, Muang District, Nakhon Ratchasima 30000, Thailand; (C.S.); (P.B.); (M.K.-C.)
| | - Pailin Boontawan
- School of Biotechnology, Institute of Agricultural Technology, Suranaree University of Technology, 111 University Avenue, Muang District, Nakhon Ratchasima 30000, Thailand; (C.S.); (P.B.); (M.K.-C.)
| | - Pasama Boonyanan
- The Center for Scientific and Technological Equipment, Suranaree University of Technology, 111 University Avenue, Muang District, Nakhon Ratchasima 30000, Thailand;
| | - Mariena Ketudat-Cairns
- School of Biotechnology, Institute of Agricultural Technology, Suranaree University of Technology, 111 University Avenue, Muang District, Nakhon Ratchasima 30000, Thailand; (C.S.); (P.B.); (M.K.-C.)
| | - Apichat Boontawan
- School of Biotechnology, Institute of Agricultural Technology, Suranaree University of Technology, 111 University Avenue, Muang District, Nakhon Ratchasima 30000, Thailand; (C.S.); (P.B.); (M.K.-C.)
- Center of Excellent in Agricultural Product Innovation, Suranaree University of Technology, 111 University Avenue, Muang District, Nakhon Ratchasima 30000, Thailand
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