Understanding the roles of variable Pd(II)/Pd(0) ratio supported on conjugated poly-azobenzene network: From characteristic alteration in properties to their cooperation towards visible-light-induced selective hydrogenation

A ‘Defective’ Conjugated Porous Poly-Azo as Dual Photocatalyst

A heterogeneous photocatalyst amenable to catalyze different chemical reactions is a highly enabling and sustainable material for organic synthesis. Herein we report the synthesis and characterization of an azobenzene-based organic π–conjugated porous polymer (AzoCPP) as heterogeneous dual photocatalyst manifesting net-oxidative bromination of arenes and dehydroxylation of boronic acids to corresponding phenols. Hierarchical porosity and high surface area of the nano-sized AzoCPP allowed superior catalyst-substrate contact during catalyses, whereas the inherent structural defect present in the CPP backbone resulted in low-energy sinks functioning as de facto catalytic sites. A combination of these two structure-property aspects of AzoCPP, in addition to the dielectric constant manipulation of the system, led to excellent catalytic performance. The protocols remained valid for a wide substrate scope and the catalyst was recycled multiple times without substantial loss in catalytic activity. With the aid of subsequent control experiments and analytical characterizations, mechanisms for each catalysis are proposed and duly corroborated.