Hemodynamic Determinants of Activity Measured by Accelerometer in Patients With Stable Heart Failure

Reliability and Validity of Common Subjective Instruments in Assessing Physical Activity and Sedentary Behaviour in Chinese College Students

The reliability and validity of common physical activity (PA) questionnaires are not well investigated in college students. This study aims to evaluate the reliability and validity of common subjective instruments in measuring PA and sedentary behaviour (SB) among college students. A total of 142 college students were included through convenience sampling. Each participant was asked to wear Actigraph wGT3X-BT accelerometers and fill physical activity logs (PAL) for 7 consecutive days. The Global Physical Activity Questionnaire (GPAQ), the International Physical Activity Questionnaire long-form (IPAQ-LF), and short-form (IPAQ-SF) were interviewed by face-to-face at both day 0 and day 8. Reliability was evaluated by intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC), while the validity was evaluated by Spearman correlation coefficient and Bland–Altman statistics. The instruments showed moderate reliability in reporting total PA (ICC = 0.50–0.62) and SB (ICC = 0.47–0.52), while moderate validity in reporting moderate and vigorous PA (MVPA) (r = 0.37–0.42), but fair to poor validity in reporting SB (r = 0.09–0.28). Bland–Altman plots showed that all the instruments would underestimate MVPA and overestimate SB. Thus, in Chinese younger adults, the GPAQ, IPAQ-LF, IPAQ-SF, and PAL provide limited but acceptable reliability and validity in measuring MVPA and SB, among which GPAQ might be the most valid instrument.

Use of Digital Health Technology in Heart Failure and Diabetes: a Scoping Review

Use of digital health technologies (DHT) in chronic disease management is rising. We aim to evaluate the impact of DHT on clinical outcomes from randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of patients with heart failure (HF) and diabetes mellitus (DM). Electronic databases were searched for DHT RCTs in patients with HF and DM until February 2021. Patient characteristics and outcomes were analyzed. One published (N = 519) and 6 registered (N = 3423) eligible studies were identified, with one study exclusively including HF and DM patients. Median DHT monitoring was 12 months, with six studies using mobile platforms as their key exposure. Clinical outcomes included quality-of-life or self-care surveys (n = 1 each), physical activity metrics, changes in biomarkers, and other clinical endpoints (n = 3). Limited data exist on RCTs evaluating DHT in patients with concomitant HF and DM. Further work should define standardized clinical endpoints and platforms that can manage patients with multiple comorbidities.