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Mahmoud SA, El-Kosasy AM, Fouad FA. Simultaneous Determination of Montelukast Sodium and Loratadine by Eco-Friendly Densitometry and Spectrophotometric Methods. J Chromatogr Sci 2023; 61:907-917. [PMID: 37032124 DOI: 10.1093/chromsci/bmad025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2022] [Revised: 06/14/2023] [Accepted: 03/08/2023] [Indexed: 04/11/2023]
Abstract
Recently, the aim of analytical community is to reduce the usage of hazardous chemicals; so eco-friendly, rapid, selective and cost-effective methods were developed for simultaneous determination of montelukast sodium (MKT) and loratadine (LRT). The first method was based on chromatographic separation performed on precoated silica gel 60 GF254 plates with ethyl acetate-ethanol 9: 1 (v/v) as the mobile phase. The developed plates were scanned and quantified at 260 nm. The method gives linear correlation over concentration ranges of 0.3-3.6 μg/spot and 0.2-4.0 μg/spot for MKT and LRT, respectively. It was also successfully applied to analysis of both drugs in their pharmaceutical preparation and human plasma. The other methods are UV-spectrophotometric methods based on smart spectra manipulating to zero order spectrum of each drug. These methods are named response correlation (RC), a-centering and ratio derivative methods. RC and a-centering methods were dependent on the presence of an isosbestic point between the overlapped spectra of both drugs. While ratio derivative method based on manipulation of the ratio spectra of both drugs. The two drugs obey Beer-Lambert law over the concentration ranges of 3.0-30.0 μg/mL in the three spectrophotometric methods. Moreover, the greenness of the developed methods is assessed using suitable analytical Eco-Scale and Green Analytical Procedure Index.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shimaa A Mahmoud
- Pharmaceutical Analytical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11754, Egypt
| | - Amira M El-Kosasy
- Pharmaceutical Analytical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Cairo
| | - Fatma A Fouad
- Pharmaceutical Analytical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11754, Egypt
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Van Nguyen K, Dang TK, Vu LTD, Ha NT, Truong HD, Tran TH. Orodispersible film incorporating nanoparticulate loratadine for an enhanced oral bioavailability. JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL INVESTIGATION 2023. [DOI: 10.1007/s40005-023-00613-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/23/2023]
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Zhang Y, Zhang J, Xu Q, Wang Y, Wu W, Wang W, Li X, Zhang T. Simultaneous Determination of Loratadine and Its Metabolite Desloratadine in Beagle Plasma by LC-MS/MS and Application for Pharmacokinetics Study of Loratadine Tablets and Omeprazole‑Induced Drug-Drug Interaction. Drug Des Devel Ther 2022; 15:5109-5122. [PMID: 34992347 PMCID: PMC8711562 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s328106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2021] [Accepted: 11/03/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Loratadine (LTD) is a Biopharmaceutical Classification System II basic drug with pH-sensitive aqueous solubility and dissolution is a speed-limiting step of its absorption. The drug dissolution and the gastrointestinal tract pH conditions are likely to influence the in vivo pharmacokinetic behavior of LTD tablets. Materials and Method A rapid, sensitive, and reliable bioanalytical method for simultaneous quantitation of LTD and its active metabolite desloratadine (DL) in beagle plasma was developed and validated based on liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). Sample preparation in low plasma consumption was accomplished by liquid–liquid extraction. The chromatographic separation was achieved on a Phenomenex Kinetex C8 column using acetonitrile and 5 mM ammonium formate as the mobile phase. A comparative pharmacokinetics study of three LTD tablets with different dissolution rates was conducted in male beagles in fasting state and an omeprazole-induced drug–drug interaction (DDI) study was subsequently performed under pretreatment of omeprazole. Results and Conclusion The method showed a good linear correlation over the concentration ranges of 0.008–24 ng/mL for LTD and 0.8–800 ng/mL for DL, and was successfully applied to analyze the two compounds in beagle plasma. Pharmacokinetic results showed in the fasting state the three LTD tablets were equivalent in beagles in terms of effective components. DL of the three tablets were equivalent, indicating metabolite was less susceptible to pharmaceutic preparation factors for LTD tablets in beagles. Moreover, significant changes in LTD and DL pharmacokinetics parameters were observed under the effect of omeprazole-induced pH increase in gastrointestinal tract, suggesting that DDI effects are of concern for the curative effect of LTD when combined with omeprazole. The findings will contribute to the future pharmaceutical preparations research as well as the clinical application of LTD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Zhang
- Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, 110016, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiaming Zhang
- Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, 110016, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiuchi Xu
- Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, 110016, People's Republic of China
| | - Yimeng Wang
- Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, 110016, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenying Wu
- Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, 110016, People's Republic of China
| | - Weiping Wang
- Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, 110016, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoting Li
- Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, 110016, People's Republic of China
| | - Tianhong Zhang
- Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, 110016, People's Republic of China
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ALTUNKAYNAK Y, ÖNAL G, LEVENT A. Electrochemical evaluation of the desloratadine at bismuth film electrode in the presence of cationic surfactant: Highly sensitive determination in pharmaceuticals and human urine by Linear sweep-cathodic stripping voltammetry. Turk J Chem 2021; 45:775-787. [PMID: 34385867 PMCID: PMC8326470 DOI: 10.3906/kim-2101-42] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2021] [Accepted: 03/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, the electrochemical properties of desloratadine, which is in the second generation antihistamines group, were determined by bismuth film electrode (BiFE) in aqueous and aqueous/surfactant solutions. This compound gave an irreversible and diffusion-controlled reduction peak at about -1.65 V by cyclic voltammetry. It was found that the addition of cationic surfactants (cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) increased the reduction current signal of desloratadine, while anionic (sodium dodecylsulfate (SDS) and nonionic (Tween 80) surfactants were found to have an adverse effect. Using linear sweep-cathodic stripping voltammetry, the analytical signal showed a linear correlation with a concentration of 0.1 to 4 µM in 0.04 M Britton-Robinson solution (pH = 8.0) in the presence of 5 mM CTAB, while the detection limit was calculated to be 11.70 nM (3.64 μgL-1). This method has been successfully applied for the quantitation of desloratadine in pharmaceutical and urine samples without the need for any separation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yalçın ALTUNKAYNAK
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Processing Technology, Technical Sciences Vocational School, Batman University, BatmanTurkey
| | - Günay ÖNAL
- Department of Medical Services and Techniques, Health Services Vocational School, Batman University, BatmanTurkey
| | - Abdulkadir LEVENT
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Batman University, BatmanTurkey
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Zhang Y, Lu Y, Wang L, Tian Y, Zhang Z. Pharmacokinetics and Tissue Distribution of Loratadine, Desloratadine and Their Active Metabolites in Rat based on a Newly Developed LC-MS/MS Analytical Method. Drug Res (Stuttg) 2020; 70:528-540. [PMID: 32877950 DOI: 10.1055/a-1233-5575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Loratadine (LOR) and its major metabolite, desloratadine (DL) are new-generation antihistamines. The hydroxylated metabolites of them, 6-OH-DL, 5-OH-DL and 3-OH-DL are also active because of their ability to inhibit binding of pyrilamine to brain H1 receptors and a tendency for distributing to specific immune-regulatory tissues. In this study, a new validated LC-MS/MS method to simultaneously quantify LOR, DL, 6-OH-DL, 5-OH-DL and 3-OH-DL in plasma and tissues was established and applied to an investigation of their pharmacokinetics and target-tissue distribution tendency for the first time. Pharmacokinetics parameters in rat were measured and the results suggest that the body's exposure to active metabolites were much higher than to the prodrug with LOR, but much lower with DL. The tissue distribution study shows that LOR, DL and their active metabolites were widely distributed in the liver, spleen, thymus, heart, adrenal glands and pituitary gland. For immune-regulatory tissues, the concentrations of LOR, DL and their active metabolites in the spleen were much higher than in the thymus, which is related to the spleen, one of the sites where immune responses occur. LOR and its metabolites might inhibit immune-mediated allergic inflammation through the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis. It was also found that the concentration of LOR in the heart was highest after liver and adrenal glands while those of DL, 6-OH-DL and 5-OH-DL in the liver, adrenal glands and spleen were all higher than those in the heart, which suggests that LOR may have a greater tendency to distribute in the heart than its metabolites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuxin Zhang
- Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, the Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, P. R. China
| | - Yihua Lu
- Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control and Pharmacovigilance (Ministry of Education), China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, P. R. China
| | - Lijuan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control and Pharmacovigilance (Ministry of Education), China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, P. R. China
| | - Yuan Tian
- Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control and Pharmacovigilance (Ministry of Education), China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, P. R. China
| | - Zunjian Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control and Pharmacovigilance (Ministry of Education), China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, P. R. China
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Li Q, Shi HY, Wang K, Kan M, Zheng Y, Hao GX, Yang XM, Yang YL, Su LQ, Zhao W. Determination of Loratadine and Its Active Metabolite in Plasma by LC/MS/MS: An Adapted Method for Children. CURR PHARM ANAL 2020. [DOI: 10.2174/1573412915666190416121233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Introduction:
Loratadine (LOR) (Fig. 1), an active H1 receptor antagonist, is often used in
the treatment of allergic disorders such as seasonal allergies and skin rash [1]. LOR was clinically approved
for symptomatic relief of nasal and non-nasal symptoms of allergic rhinitis in children ≥2years.
Materials and Methods:
An adapted method of liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry
(LC/MS/MS) was developed and validated to measure the concentrations of loratadine (LOR) and its
active metabolite descarboethoxyloratadine (DCL) from pediatric plasma. After being mixed with the
internal standard (IS, propranolol) and precipitated with methanol, samples were centrifuged and 20 μL
of the supernatants were injected into the HPLC system. Separation was carried out on a reversed-phase
C18 gradient column using a mobile phase consisting of water (containing 0.1 % formic acid) and acetonitrile.
The flow rate was 0.5 mL/min and the running time was 5.0 min for each sample.
Results and Conclusion:
Quantitation of LOR, DCL and IS was performed using MRM mode and the
transitions were: 383.1 → 337.1 for LOR, 311.1 → 259.0 for DCL and 260.2 → 116.0 for propranolol,
respectively. The method was validated according to FDA guidelines, precisions and accuracies met the
requirements in all cases. Calibration curves were 0.2–50.0 ng/mL for both LOR and DCL. This method
was then applied for a pilot study examining the pharmacokinetics and therapeutic drug monitoring of
LOR in children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Li
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Hai-Yan Shi
- Department of Pharmacy, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Kai Wang
- Department of Respiratory Disease, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Min Kan
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Yi Zheng
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Guo-Xiang Hao
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Xin-Mei Yang
- Department of Pharmacy, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Yi-Lei Yang
- Department of Pharmacy, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Le-Qun Su
- Department of Pharmacy, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Wei Zhao
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, China
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Sebaiy MM, Ziedan NI. Developing a High-performance Liquid Chromatography Method for Simultaneous Determination of Loratadine and its Metabolite Desloratadine in Human Plasma. Curr Drug Metab 2019; 20:1053-1059. [PMID: 31774044 DOI: 10.2174/1389200220666191125095648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2019] [Revised: 09/01/2019] [Accepted: 09/05/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Allergic diseases are considered as the major burden on public health with increased prevalence globally. Histamine H1-receptor antagonists are the foremost commonly used drugs in the treatment of allergic disorders. The target drug in this study, loratadine, belongs to this class of drugs and its biometabolite desloratadine which is also a non-sedating H1 receptor antagonist with anti-histaminic activity being 2.5 to 4 times greater than loratadine. This study aimed to develop and validate a novel isocratic Reversed-phase High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (RP-HPLC) method for rapid and simultaneous separation and determination of loratadine and its metabolite, desloratadine in human plasma. METHODS The drug extraction method from plasma was based on protein precipitation technique. The separation was carried out on a Thermo Scientific BDS Hypersil C18 column (5μm, 250 x 4.60 mm) in a mobile phase of MeOH: 0.025M KH2PO4 adjusted to pH 3.50 using orthophosphoric acid (85: 15, v/v) at an ambient temperature. The flow rate was maintained at 1 mL/min and maximum absorption was measured using the PDA detector at 248 nm. RESULTS The retention times of loratadine and desloratadine in plasma samples were recorded to be 4.10 and 5.08 minutes, respectively, indicating a short analysis time. Limits of detection were found to be 1.80 and 1.97 ng/mL for loratadine and desloratadine, respectively, showing a high degree of sensitivity of the method. The method was then validated according to FDA guidelines for the determination of the two analytes in human plasma. CONCLUSION The results obtained indicate that the proposed method is rapid, sensitive in the nanogram range, accurate, selective, robust and reproducible compared to other reported methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahmoud M Sebaiy
- Medicinal Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt.,Department of Mathematical and Physical Sciences, University of Chester, Chester CH2 4NU, United Kingdom
| | - Noha I Ziedan
- Medicinal Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt.,Department of Mathematical and Physical Sciences, University of Chester, Chester CH2 4NU, United Kingdom
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Chavhan ML, Shirkhedkar AA, Surana SJ. Development and validation of a stability indicating RP-TLC/densitometric method for determination of Loratadine in bulk and in tablets. ARAB J CHEM 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.arabjc.2012.12.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022] Open
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Roushani M, Nezhadali A, Jalilian Z, Azadbakht A. Development of novel electrochemical sensor on the base of molecular imprinted polymer decorated on SiC nanoparticles modified glassy carbon electrode for selective determination of loratadine. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2017; 71:1106-1114. [DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2016.11.079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2016] [Revised: 11/11/2016] [Accepted: 11/15/2016] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Belal F, Abd El-Razeq S, El-Awady M, Zayed S, Barghash S. Rapid micellar HPLC analysis of loratadine and its major metabolite desloratadine in nano-concentration range using monolithic column and fluorometric detection: application to pharmaceuticals and biological fluids. Chem Cent J 2016. [PMCID: PMC5395507 DOI: 10.1186/s13065-016-0225-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Loratadine is a commonly used selective non-sedating antihistaminic drug. Desloratadine is the active metabolite of loratadine and, in addition, a potential impurity in loratadine bulk powder stated by the United States Pharmacopeia as a related substance of loratadine. Published methods for the determination of both analytes suffer from limited throughput due to the time-consuming steps and tedious extraction procedures needed for the analysis of biological samples. Therefore, there is a strong demand to develop a simple rapid and sensitive analytical method that can detect and quantitate both analytes in pharmaceutical preparations and biological fluids without prior sample extraction steps. Results A highly-sensitive and time-saving micellar liquid chromatographic method is developed for the simultaneous determination of loratadine and desloratadine. The proposed method is the first analytical method for the determination of this mixture using a monolithic column with a mobile phase composed of 0.15 M sodium dodecyl sulfate, 10% n-Butanol and 0.3% triethylamine in 0.02 M phosphoric acid, adjusted to pH 3.5 and pumped at a flow rate of 1.2 mL/min. The eluted analytes are monitored with fluorescence detection at 440 nm after excitation at 280 nm. The developed method is linear over the concentration range of 20.0–200.0 ng/mL for both analytes. The method detection limits are 15.0 and 13.0 ng/mL and the limits of quantification are 20.0 and 18.0 ng/mL for loratadine and desloratadine, respectively. Validation of the developed method reveals an accuracy of higher than 97% and intra- and inter-day precisions with relative standard deviations not exceeding 2%. Conclusions The method can be successfully applied to the determination of both analytes in various matrices including pharmaceutical preparations, human urine, plasma and breast milk samples with a run-time of less than 5 min and without prior extraction procedures. The method is ideally suited for use in quality control laboratories. Moreover, it could be a simple time-saving alternative to the official pharmacopeial method for testing desloratadine as a potential impurity in loratadine bulk powder.Typical chromatogram of loratadine and its major metabolite desloratadine using the proposed micellar HPLC method ![]()
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Novel spectrophotometric methods for determination of desloratidine in pharmaceutical formulations based on charge transfer reaction. ARAB J CHEM 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.arabjc.2012.04.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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Katselou M, Papoutsis I, Nikolaou P, Spiliopoulou C, Athanaselis S. Bioanalysis of antihistamines for clinical or forensic purposes. Biomed Chromatogr 2016; 31. [DOI: 10.1002/bmc.3727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2015] [Revised: 03/16/2016] [Accepted: 03/25/2016] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Maria Katselou
- Department of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine; National and Kapodistrian University of Athens
| | - Ioannis Papoutsis
- Department of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine; National and Kapodistrian University of Athens
| | - Panagiota Nikolaou
- Department of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine; National and Kapodistrian University of Athens
| | - Chara Spiliopoulou
- Department of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine; National and Kapodistrian University of Athens
| | - Sotiris Athanaselis
- Department of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine; National and Kapodistrian University of Athens
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Peyrovi M, Hadjmohammadi M. Extraction optimization of Loratadine by supramolecular solvent-based microextraction and its determination using HPLC. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2015; 980:41-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2014.12.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2014] [Revised: 12/07/2014] [Accepted: 12/09/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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El-Awady M, Belal F, Pyell U. Robust analysis of the hydrophobic basic analytes loratadine and desloratadine in pharmaceutical preparations and biological fluids by sweeping—cyclodextrin-modified micellar electrokinetic chromatography. J Chromatogr A 2013; 1309:64-75. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2013.08.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2013] [Revised: 08/02/2013] [Accepted: 08/06/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Ebrahimzadeh H, Molaei K, Asgharinezhad A, Shekari N, Dehghani Z. Molecularly imprinted nano particles combined with miniaturized homogenous liquid–liquid extraction for the selective extraction of loratadine in plasma and urine samples followed by high performance liquid chromatography-photo diode array detection. Anal Chim Acta 2013; 767:155-62. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2013.01.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2012] [Revised: 12/30/2012] [Accepted: 01/10/2013] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Youssef R, Khamis E, El-Sayed M, Moneim M. Validated HPTLC method for simultaneous determination of loratadine and desloratadine in presence of Co-formulated drug. JPC-J PLANAR CHROMAT 2012. [DOI: 10.1556/jpc.25.2012.5.12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Li C, Choi BC, Kim DK, Choi JS. Effects of Curcumin on the Pharmacokinetics of Loratadine in Rats: Possible Role of CYP3A4 and P-glycoprotein Inhibition by Curcumin. Biomol Ther (Seoul) 2011. [DOI: 10.4062/biomolther.2011.19.3.364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
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Walash MI, Belal F, El-Enany N, Eid M, El-Shaheny RN. Stability-indicating micelle-enhanced spectrofluorimetric method for determination of loratadine and desloratadine in dosage forms. LUMINESCENCE 2011; 26:670-9. [DOI: 10.1002/bio.1294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2010] [Revised: 02/07/2011] [Accepted: 02/24/2011] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- M. I. Walash
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy; University of Mansoura; 35516; Mansoura; Egypt
| | - F. Belal
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy; University of Mansoura; 35516; Mansoura; Egypt
| | - N. El-Enany
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy; University of Mansoura; 35516; Mansoura; Egypt
| | - M. Eid
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy; University of Mansoura; 35516; Mansoura; Egypt
| | - R. N. El-Shaheny
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy; University of Mansoura; 35516; Mansoura; Egypt
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Li C, Kim M, Choi JS. Effects of prednisolone on the pharmacokinetics of loratadine after oral and intravenous administration of loratadine in rats. Arch Pharm Res 2010; 33:1395-400. [DOI: 10.1007/s12272-010-0913-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2009] [Revised: 07/06/2010] [Accepted: 07/08/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Plenis A, Konieczna L, Olędzka I, Kowalski P. Rapid analysis of loratadine in human serum by high-performance liquid chromatography with fluorescence detection. ACTA CHROMATOGR 2010. [DOI: 10.1556/achrom.22.2010.1.5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Enhanced bioavailability and antihistamine effects of loratadine from the transdermal EVA matrix system in rats. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/s1773-2247(10)50014-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Choi JS, Choi I, Burm JP. Effects of Hydrocortisone on the Pharmacokinetics of Loratadine after Oral and Intravenous Loratadine Administration to Rats. Biomol Ther (Seoul) 2009. [DOI: 10.4062/biomolther.2009.17.2.205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
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Cho CW, Choi JS, Shin SC. Enhanced bioavailability and antihistamine effects by transdermal administration of loratadine gels containing an enhancer in rats. Drug Dev Res 2009. [DOI: 10.1002/ddr.20341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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Effects of roxithromycin on the pharmacokinetics of loratadine after oral and intravenous administration of loratadine in rats. Eur J Drug Metab Pharmacokinet 2008; 33:231-6. [DOI: 10.1007/bf03190877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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25
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Norouzi P, Ganjali MR. A new method for the determination of loratadine at an Au microelectrode in flowing systems with the use of fast continuous cyclic voltammetry. JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY 2008. [DOI: 10.1134/s1061934808060099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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26
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Srinubabu G, Patel RS, Shedbalkar VP, Rao AA, Rao MN, Bandaru VVR. Development and validation of high-throughput liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometric method for simultaneous quantification of loratadine and desloratadine in human plasma. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2007; 860:202-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2007.10.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2007] [Revised: 10/18/2007] [Accepted: 10/22/2007] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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27
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Xu HR, Li XN, Chen WL, Chu NN. Simultaneous determination of desloratadine and its active metabolite 3-hydroxydesloratadine in human plasma by LC/MS/MS and its application to pharmacokinetics and bioequivalence. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2007; 45:659-66. [PMID: 17936534 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2007.07.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2007] [Revised: 06/29/2007] [Accepted: 07/05/2007] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
A rapid and simple liquid chromatographic-tandem mass spectrometric (LC/MS/MS) method was developed and validated for the simultaneous determination of desloratadine and its active metabolite 3-hydroxydesloratadine concentrations in human plasma. After liquid-liquid extraction with ethyl ether for sample preparation, the chromatographic separation was achieved on a CAPCELL PAK C18 column (50 mm x 2.0mm, 5 microm, Shiseido). [(2)H(4)]desloratadine and [(2)H(4)]3-OH desloratadine were used as internal standards. A mobile phase consisted of 5mM ammonium formate in water, methanol and acetonitrile (50:30:20). Detection was by positive ion electrospray tandem mass spectrometry on a Sciex API3000. A quadratic regression (weighted 1/concentration) gave the best fit for calibration curves over the concentration range 0.05-10 ng/mL for both desloratadine and 3-OH desloratadine. The method was shown to be accurate, rapid and sufficiently sensitive to be successfully applied to a pharmacokinetic and bioequivalent study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Rong Xu
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, ZhongShan Hospital, Fudan University, 180 FengLin Road, Shanghai 200032, China.
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28
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Sora DI, Udrescu S, David V, Medvedovici A. Validated ion pair liquid chromatography/fluorescence detection method for assessing the variability of the loratadine metabolism occurring in bioequivalence studies. Biomed Chromatogr 2007; 21:1023-9. [PMID: 17497754 DOI: 10.1002/bmc.845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Inter- and intra-individual variability of the loratadine (LOR) metabolism in Caucasian subjects was assessed during a bioequivalence study for two pharmaceutical formulations (solid oral dosage forms) containing 10 mg of the active substance. The analytical data were obtained by applying a reliable, low-cost and sensitive ion pair liquid chromatography/fluorescence (IPLC/FLD) method for determination of both loratadine and descarboethoxyloratadine (DCL) in human plasma samples. The sample preparation procedure is based on liquid-liquid extraction of the target analytes from alkalinized plasma using diethyl-ether. The separation of the analytes and 8-chloroazatadine as internal standard (IS) was achieved through an isocratic ion pair (IP) elution on a Purospher((R)) STAR RP-18 column. The mobile phase containing sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) as ion pairing agent was pumped at a flow rate of 1 mL/min. Fluorescence detection (FLD) was achieved at 280 nm (excitation) and 440 nm (emission) wavelengths. The increased sensitivity of the method is also based on a large sample injected volume (250 microL). Linear response was found over the 0.5-20 ng/mL concentration interval for both target compounds. Low limits of quantification (LLOQ) around 0.3 ng/mL were found for LOR and DCL. Method validation is presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Iuliana Sora
- SC Labormed Pharma S.A., Splaiul Independentei no. 319 E, Bucharest 060044, Romania
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29
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Vlase L, Imre S, Muntean D, Leucuta SE. Determination of loratadine and its active metabolite in human plasma by high-performance liquid chromatography with mass spectrometry detection. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2006; 44:652-7. [PMID: 16962733 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2006.08.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2006] [Revised: 08/08/2006] [Accepted: 08/10/2006] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
A new sensitive and selective liquid chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (LC/MS/MS) method for quantification of loratadine (LOR) and its active metabolite descarboethoxyloratadine (DSL) in human plasma was validated. After addition of the internal standard, metoclopramide, the human plasma samples (0.3 ml) were precipitated using acetonitrile (0.75 ml) and the centrifuged supernatants were partially evaporated under nitrogen at 37 degrees C at approximately 0.3 ml volume. The LOR, DSL and internal standard were separated on a reversed phase column (Zorbax SB-C18, 100 mmx3.0 mm i.d., 3.5 microm) under isocratic conditions using a mobile phase of an 8:92(v/v) mixture of acetonitrile and 0.4% (v/v) formic acid in water. The flow rate was 1 ml/min and the column temperature 45 degrees C. The detection of LOR, DSL and internal standard was in MRM mode using an ion trap mass spectrometer with electrospray positive ionisation. The ion transitions were monitored as follows: 383-->337 for LOR, 311-->(259+294+282) for DSL and 300-->226.8 for internal standard. Calibration curves were generated over the range of 0.52-52.3 ng/ml for both LOR and DSL with values for coefficient of determination greater than 0.994 by using a weighted (1/y) quadratic regression. The lower limits of quantification were established at 0.52 ng/ml LOR and DSL, respectively, with an accuracy and precision less than 20%. Both analytes demonstrated good short-term, long-term, post-preparative and freeze-thaw stability. Besides its simplicity, the sample treatment allows obtaining a very good recovery of both analytes, around 100%. The validated LC/MS/MS method has been applied to a pharmacokinetic study of loratadine tablets on healthy volunteers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laurian Vlase
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Medicine and Pharmacy Iuliu Hatieganu, Emil Isac 13, RO-400023, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
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30
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Yin OQP, Shi XJ, Tomlinson B, Chow MSS. EFFECT OFCYP2D6*10ALLELE ON THE PHARMACOKINETICS OF LORATADINE IN CHINESE SUBJECTS. Drug Metab Dispos 2005; 33:1283-7. [PMID: 15932952 DOI: 10.1124/dmd.105.005025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Loratadine is known to be a substrate for both CYP3A4 and CYP2D6 based on a previous in vitro study. In view of the large interindividual variability in loratadine pharmacokinetics and the greater genetically determined variability of CYP2D6 activity than of CYP3A4 in vivo, we hypothesized that CYP2D6 polymorphisms may contribute to the pharmacokinetic variability of loratadine. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of CYP2D6 genotype (specifically the CYP2D6*10 allele) on the pharmacokinetics of loratadine in Chinese subjects. Three groups of healthy male Chinese subjects were enrolled: group I, homozygous CYP2D6*1 (*1/*1, n=4); group II, heterozygous CYP2D6*10 (*1/*10 or *2/*10, n=6); and group III, homozygous CYP2D6*10 (*10/*10, n=7) carriers. Each subject received a single oral dose of 20 mg of loratadine under fasting conditions. Multiple blood samples were collected over 48 h, and the plasma concentrations of loratadine and its metabolite desloratadine were determined by high-performance liquid chromatography. In comparing homozygous CYP2D6*10 (group III) to heterozygous CYP2D6*10 (group II) to homozygous CYP2D6*1 (group I) subjects, loratadine oral clearance values were 7.17+/- 2.54 versus 11.06+/-1.70 versus 14.59+/-2.43 l/h/kg, respectively [one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA), p<0.01], and the corresponding metabolic ratios [area under the plasma concentration-time curve (AUC)(desloratadine)/AUC(loratadine)] were 1.55+/-0.73 versus 2.47+/- 0.46 versus 3.32+/- 0.49, respectively (one-way ANOVA, p<0.05), indicating a gene-dose effect. The results demonstrated that CYP2D6 polymorphism prevalent in the Chinese population significantly affected loratadine pharmacokinetics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ophelia Q P Yin
- School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong.
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Qi M, Wang P, Geng Y. Determination of desloratadine in drug substance and pharmaceutical preparations by liquid chromatography. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2005; 38:355-9. [PMID: 15925231 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2005.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2004] [Revised: 01/01/2005] [Accepted: 01/04/2005] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
A simple and selective LC method is described for the determination of desloratadine in drug substance and pharmaceutical preparations. Chromatographic separation was achieved on a Diamonsil BDS C18 column using a mobile phase of a mixture of methanol, 0.03 mol/l heptanesulphonic acid sodium and glacial acetic acid (70:30:4, v/v) at a flow rate of 1.0 ml/min with detection at 247 nm. The developed method was validated in terms of selectivity, linearity, limit of quantitation, precision, accuracy and solution stability. The proposed LC method achieved satisfactory resolution between desloratadine and loratadine possibly present in desloratadine drug substance and other impurities in the mother liquor of the synthetic process. It can be used for the synthetic process control and determination of desloratadine in drug substance and pharmaceutical preparations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meiling Qi
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China.
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32
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Amini H, Ahmadiani A. Rapid determination of loratadine in small volume plasma samples by high-performance liquid chromatography with fluorescence detection. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2004; 809:227-30. [PMID: 15315769 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2004.06.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2004] [Revised: 05/12/2004] [Accepted: 06/14/2004] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
A simple and rapid high-performance liquid chromatographic method with fluorescence detection was developed for the determination of loratadine in small volume plasma samples. Liquid-liquid extraction of loratadine and diazepam (as internal standard) from plasma samples was performed with n-butyl alcohol/n-hexane (2:98, v/v) in alkaline condition followed by back-extraction into diluted perchloric acid. Chromatography was carried out using a C8 column (250 x 4.6 mm, 5 microm) under isocratic elution with acetonitrile-20 mM sodium dihydrogen phosphate-triethylamine (43:57:0.02, v/v), pH 2.4. Analyses were run at a flow-rate of 1.0 ml/min at room temperature. The method was specific and sensitive with a quantitation limit of 0.62 ng/ml and a detection limit of 0.2 ng/ml at a signal-to-noise ratio of 3:1. The mean absolute recovery of loratadine from plasma was 84%, while the intra-and inter-day coefficient of variation and percent error values of the assay method were all less than 9.7%. Linearity was assessed in the range of 0.62-20 ng/ml in plasma with a correlation coefficient of greater than 0.999. The method has been used to analyze several hundred human plasma samples for bioavailability studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hossein Amini
- Department of Pharmacology, Neuroscience Research Center, Shaheed Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, P.O. Box 19835-355, Tehran, Iran
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