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Konada RSR, Venugopal A, Nadimpalli SK. Purification, biochemical and biophysical characterization of lysosomal β-D-glucuronidase from an edible freshwater mussel, Lamellidens corrianus. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 152:465-472. [PMID: 32084490 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.02.190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2019] [Revised: 02/15/2020] [Accepted: 02/17/2020] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
A lysosomal glycosidase, β-glucuronidase, has been purified to homogeneity, from the soluble extracts of a freshwater mussel, L. corrianus, by a series of chromatography techniques involving phenyl-Sepharose, ion exchange, affinity and gel filtration chromatography. In native PAGE, β-glucuronidase resolved into a single band and the molecular mass determined by gel filtration chromatography was found to be 250 kDa. Zymogram analysis with 4-methyl umbelliferyl β-glucuronide substrate validated the purified enzyme as β-glucuronidase. In SDS-PAGE, the purified enzyme was resolved into four sub-units with molecular weights around 90, 75, 65, and 50 kDa, respectively, and two of the subunits (90 and 50 kDa) cross-reacted with human β-glucuronidase antiserum. The optimum pH and temperature of the purified glycosidase were 5.0 and 70 °C, respectively. The enzyme kinetics parameters, substrate affinity (KM) and maximum velocity (Vmax) of the purified protein estimated with p-nitrophenyl β-D-glucuronide were 0.457 mM and 0.11867 μmol-1 min-1 mL-1, respectively. The secondary structure of β-glucuronidase was determined in the far-UV range (190 nm to 230 nm) using CD spectroscopy. Heat denaturation plots determined by CD spectroscopy showed that the purified enzyme was stable up to 70 °C.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rohit Sai Reddy Konada
- Laboratory for Protein Biochemistry and Glycobiology, Department of Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Prof CR Rao Road, Gachibowli, Hyderabad 500046, India.
| | - A Venugopal
- Laboratory for Protein Biochemistry and Glycobiology, Department of Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Prof CR Rao Road, Gachibowli, Hyderabad 500046, India.
| | - Siva Kumar Nadimpalli
- Laboratory for Protein Biochemistry and Glycobiology, Department of Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Prof CR Rao Road, Gachibowli, Hyderabad 500046, India.
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Correia MS, Ballet C, Meistermann H, Conway LP, Globisch D. Comprehensive kinetic and substrate specificity analysis of an arylsulfatase from Helix pomatia using mass spectrometry. Bioorg Med Chem 2019; 27:955-962. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2019.01.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2018] [Revised: 01/21/2019] [Accepted: 01/25/2019] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
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3
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Hostetler GL, Ralston RA, Schwartz SJ. Flavones: Food Sources, Bioavailability, Metabolism, and Bioactivity. Adv Nutr 2017; 8:423-435. [PMID: 28507008 PMCID: PMC5421117 DOI: 10.3945/an.116.012948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 323] [Impact Index Per Article: 46.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Flavones are a class of flavonoids that are a subject of increasing interest because of their biological activities in vitro and in vivo. This article reviews the major sources of flavones and their concentrations in food and beverages, which vary widely between studies. It also covers the roles of flavones in plants, the influence of growing conditions on their concentrations, and their stability during food processing. The absorption and metabolism of flavones are also reviewed, in particular the intestinal absorption of both O- and C-glycosides. Pharmacokinetic studies in both animals and humans are described, comparing differences between species and the effects of glycosylation on bioavailability. Biological activity in animal models and human dietary intervention studies is also reviewed. A better understanding of flavone sources and bioavailability is needed to understand mechanisms of action and nutritional intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gregory L Hostetler
- Department of Food Science and Technology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH
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Bláhová L, Kohoutek J, Procházková T, Prudíková M, Bláha L. Phytoestrogens in milk: Overestimations caused by contamination of the hydrolytic enzyme used during sample extraction. J Dairy Sci 2016; 99:6973-6982. [DOI: 10.3168/jds.2016-10926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2016] [Accepted: 05/21/2016] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
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5
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Alfalfa and flax sprouts supplementation enriches the content of bioactive compounds and lowers the cholesterol in hen egg. J Funct Foods 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2016.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
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Daems F, Romnee JM, Heuskin S, Froidmont É, Lognay G. Analytical methods used to quantify isoflavones in cow's milk: a review. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016; 96:261-283. [PMID: 27195076 PMCID: PMC4841834 DOI: 10.1007/s13594-015-0276-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2015] [Revised: 11/30/2015] [Accepted: 12/03/2015] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
This paper provides an update and comprehensive review of the analytical methods used for quantifying isoflavones and their metabolites in cow’s milk. Isoflavones are secondary plant metabolites that are similar to 17 β-estradiol in chemical structure. They form one of the most common categories of phytoestrogens. Numerous health benefits have been attributed to isoflavones, but many of these compounds are also considered to be endocrine disruptors, with adverse effects on health. These contradictory trends offer an attractive prospect for future research, and therefore, sensitive and reliable analytical methods are required to clarify various issues about isoflavones. For this review, a structured methodology was used to select 26 relevant articles published between 2005 and 2015 from the Scopus and CAB Abstract databases. The review discusses individual steps of the analytical procedures described in these articles, including sample preparation, instrumental analysis and validation. The most commonly used analytical procedure is sample preparation involving liquid-liquid extraction and an enzymatic hydrolysis step followed by liquid chromatography with mass spectrometry analysis. Currently, however, there is no standardized procedure for the sample preparation and analysis of isoflavones in milk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frédéric Daems
- Valorisation of Agricultural Products Department, Walloon Agricultural Research Center, Chaussée de Namur 24, B-5030 Gembloux, Belgium
| | - Jean-Michel Romnee
- Valorisation of Agricultural Products Department, Walloon Agricultural Research Center, Chaussée de Namur 24, B-5030 Gembloux, Belgium
| | - Stéphanie Heuskin
- Agro-Bio Chem Department, Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, University of Liège, Passage des Déportés 2, B-5030 Gembloux, Belgium
| | - Éric Froidmont
- Production and Sectors Department, Walloon Agricultural Research Center, Rue de Liroux 8, B-5030 Gembloux, Belgium
| | - Georges Lognay
- Agro-Bio Chem Department, Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, University of Liège, Passage des Déportés 2, B-5030 Gembloux, Belgium
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7
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Dong AW, Zhuo Q, Bu XY, Zhu SH, Wang H. Adsorption Properties for Separation of Apigenin from Viola yedoensis on LSA-10 Resin. CHINESE HERBAL MEDICINES 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/s1674-6384(14)60008-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
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8
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Ainslie-Waldman CE, Simpkins SW, Upadhyaya P, Carmella SG, Hecht SS, Trudo SP. Contamination of deconjugation enzymes derived from Helix pomatia with the plant bioactive compounds 3,3'-diindolylmethane, 5-methoxypsoralen, and 8-methoxypsoralen. Food Chem Toxicol 2013; 62:188-93. [PMID: 23994708 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2013.08.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2013] [Revised: 08/13/2013] [Accepted: 08/21/2013] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Bioactive compounds from plant foods are intensely investigated for effects on disease prevention. β-Glucuronidase/arylsulfatase from Helix pomatia (snail) is commonly used when quantifying exposure to metabolized dietary components. However, we describe here the contamination of multiple formulations of this enzyme preparation with 3,3'-diindolylmethane (DIM), 8-methoxypsoralen (8-MOP), and 5-methoxypsoralen (5-MOP), bioactives from cruciferous and apiaceous vegetables under investigation as putative cancer chemopreventive agents. We identified an Escherichia coli preparation of β-glucuronidase as free from contamination with any of the compounds tested. These results demonstrate the importance of selecting appropriate enzyme preparations when quantifying naturally occurring, trace level compounds in biological fluids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheryl E Ainslie-Waldman
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, University of Minnesota, 1334 Eckles Ave., St. Paul, MN 55108, USA; Division of Epidemiology and Community Health, University of Minnesota, 1300 2nd St. S, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
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Alves R, Almeida I, Casal S, Oliveira M. Method development and validation for isoflavones quantification in coffee. Food Chem 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2010.03.061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Kuhnle GG, Dell’Aquila C, Runswick SA, Bingham SA. Variability of phytoestrogen content in foods from different sources. Food Chem 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2008.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Grace PB, Mistry NS, Carter MH, Leathem AJC, Teale P. High throughput quantification of phytoestrogens in human urine and serum using liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2007; 853:138-46. [PMID: 17403619 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2007.03.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2007] [Revised: 02/23/2007] [Accepted: 03/05/2007] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Phytoestrogens are currently the subject of intense study owing to their potential protective effects against a number of complex diseases. However, in order to investigate the interactions between phytoestrogens and disease state effectively, it is necessary to have analytical methods which are sensitive, reproducible, and require low sample volumes. We report an assay for three isoflavones (daidzein, genistein, and glycitein), two metabolites of daidzein (equol and O-desmethylangolensin), three lignans (secoisolariciresinol, enterodiol, and enterolactone), and one flavanone (naringenin) in human urine and serum. A high throughput of samples has been achieved via the use of 96-well plate sample extraction and liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) analysis incorporating column switching, thus making the assay suitable for use on large sample numbers, such as those found in epidemiological studies. The robustness of the assay was proven via the comparison of data generated on two different LC-MS/MS systems, with and without column switching.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philip B Grace
- HFL, Newmarket Road, Fordham, Cambridgeshire CB7 5WW, United Kingdom.
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Bajer T, Adam M, Galla L, Ventura K. Comparison of various extraction techniques for isolation and determination of isoflavonoids in plants. J Sep Sci 2007; 30:122-7. [PMID: 17313151 DOI: 10.1002/jssc.200600306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
In the present paper, the following extraction techniques have been used for extracting isoflavonoids from the species Matricaria recutita, Rosmarinus officinalis, Foeniculum vulgare, and Agrimonia eupatoria L.: supercritical fluid extraction (SFE), pressurized fluid extraction, matrix solid phase dispersion, ultrasonic extraction in an ultrasonic bath (USE) and by means of an ultrasonic homogeniser (HOM), extraction by means of Soxhlet apparatus (SOX), and solid phase extraction. Experimental optimization of all techniques has been carried out using a soybean flour. Subsequent analyses of the extracts were carried out by liquid chromatography with UV detection. The maximum yields of daidzein and genistein were obtained by extraction with the SOX, USE, and HOM techniques. The maximum yields of apigenin and biochanin A from herb samples were obtained by SFE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomás Bajer
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemical Technology, University of Pardubice, Pardubice, Czech Republic
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