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Yoshimune W, Kuwaki A, Kusano T, Matsunaga T, Nakamura H. In Situ Small-Angle X-ray Scattering Studies on the Growth Mechanism of Anisotropic Platinum Nanoparticles. ACS OMEGA 2021; 6:10866-10874. [PMID: 34056240 PMCID: PMC8153930 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.1c00608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2021] [Accepted: 04/01/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Shape-controlled platinum nanoparticles exhibit extremely high oxygen reduction activity. Platinum nanoparticles were synthesized by the reduction of a platinum complex in the presence of a soft template formed by organic surfactants in oleylamine. The formation of platinum nanoparticles was investigated using in situ small-angle X-ray scattering experiments. Time-resolved measurements revealed that different particle shapes appeared during the reaction. After the nuclei were generated, they grew into anisotropic rod-shaped nanoparticles. The shape, size, number density, reaction yield, and specific surface area of the nanoparticles were successfully determined using small-angle X-ray scattering profiles. Anisotropic platinum nanoparticles appeared at a low reaction temperature (∼100 °C) after a short reaction time (∼30 min). The aspect ratio of these platinum nanoparticles was correlated with the local packing motifs of the surfactant molecules and their stability. Our findings suggest that the interfacial structure between the surfactant and platinum nuclei can be important as a controlling factor for tailoring the aspect ratio of platinum nanoparticles and further optimizing the fuel cell performance.
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Inaba T, Takenaka Y, Kawabata Y, Kato T. Effect of the Crystallization Process of Surfactant Bilayer Lamellar Structures on the Elongation of High-Aspect-Ratio Gold Nanorods. J Phys Chem B 2019; 123:4776-4783. [PMID: 31038313 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.8b10897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
The growth mechanism of an "in-gel synthesis method", that is, the effects of composition and structure of the lamellar gel phase below the Krafft temperature of surfactant solutions on the growth of long gold nanorods, was investigated. We changed the alkyl chain length of surfactant molecules to investigate the effect of surfactant self-assembly on the elongation of gold nanorods systematically; eight mixed solutions of alkyltrimethylammonium bromide (C nTAB; n = 2-16; n = even) with C18TAB were used for investigation. The Krafft temperature, self-assembly of surfactant molecules, and the crystallization process of each mixture were observed by differential scanning calorimetry, wide-angle X-ray scattering, visual inspection, and small-angle X-ray scattering. Gold nanorods were synthesized in these eight surfactant mixtures. These observations demonstrated that when the surfactant Lβ phase sustains for a long time, the space of the water layer is also kept large enough for the seeds to take up Au ions bound to surfactant micelles. In this case, the seeds can form long nanorods between bilayers. We conclude that not only the stability of the lamellar gel phase but also co-existence of Au-ion carriers, that is, surfactant micelles, is essential for the elongation of long gold nanorods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takamichi Inaba
- Department of Chemistry , Tokyo Metropolitan University , Hachioji , Tokyo 192-0397 , Japan
| | - Yoshiko Takenaka
- Research Institute for Sustainable Chemistry , National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST) , Tsukuba , Ibaraki 305-8565 , Japan
| | - Youhei Kawabata
- Department of Chemistry , Tokyo Metropolitan University , Hachioji , Tokyo 192-0397 , Japan
| | - Tadashi Kato
- Department of Chemistry , Tokyo Metropolitan University , Hachioji , Tokyo 192-0397 , Japan
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Heuer-Jungemann A, Feliu N, Bakaimi I, Hamaly M, Alkilany A, Chakraborty I, Masood A, Casula MF, Kostopoulou A, Oh E, Susumu K, Stewart MH, Medintz IL, Stratakis E, Parak WJ, Kanaras AG. The Role of Ligands in the Chemical Synthesis and Applications of Inorganic Nanoparticles. Chem Rev 2019; 119:4819-4880. [PMID: 30920815 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.8b00733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 450] [Impact Index Per Article: 90.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The design of nanoparticles is critical for their efficient use in many applications ranging from biomedicine to sensing and energy. While shape and size are responsible for the properties of the inorganic nanoparticle core, the choice of ligands is of utmost importance for the colloidal stability and function of the nanoparticles. Moreover, the selection of ligands employed in nanoparticle synthesis can determine their final size and shape. Ligands added after nanoparticle synthesis infer both new properties as well as provide enhanced colloidal stability. In this article, we provide a comprehensive review on the role of the ligands with respect to the nanoparticle morphology, stability, and function. We analyze the interaction of nanoparticle surface and ligands with different chemical groups, the types of bonding, the final dispersibility of ligand-coated nanoparticles in complex media, their reactivity, and their performance in biomedicine, photodetectors, photovoltaic devices, light-emitting devices, sensors, memory devices, thermoelectric applications, and catalysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amelie Heuer-Jungemann
- School of Physics and Astronomy, Faculty of Engineering and Physical Sciences , University of Southampton , Southampton SO17 1BJ , U.K
| | - Neus Feliu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine (LABMED) , Karolinska Institutet , Stockholm 171 77 , Sweden.,Fachbereich Physik, CHyN , Universität Hamburg , 22607 Hamburg , Germany
| | - Ioanna Bakaimi
- School of Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering and Physical Sciences , University of Southampton , Southampton SO171BJ , U.K
| | - Majd Hamaly
- King Hussein Cancer Center , P. O. Box 1269, Al-Jubeiha, Amman 11941 , Jordan
| | - Alaaldin Alkilany
- Department of Pharmaceutics & Pharmaceutical Technology, School of Pharmacy , The University of Jordan , Amman 11942 , Jordan.,Fachbereich Physik, CHyN , Universität Hamburg , 22607 Hamburg , Germany
| | | | - Atif Masood
- Fachbereich Physik , Philipps Universität Marburg , 30357 Marburg , Germany
| | - Maria F Casula
- INSTM and Department of Chemical and Geological Sciences , University of Cagliari , 09042 Monserrato , Cagliari , Italy.,Department of Mechanical, Chemical and Materials Engineering , University of Cagliari , Via Marengo 2 , 09123 Cagliari , Italy
| | - Athanasia Kostopoulou
- Institute of Electronic Structure and Laser , Foundation for Research and Technology-Hellas , Heraklion , 71110 Crete , Greece
| | - Eunkeu Oh
- KeyW Corporation , Hanover , Maryland 21076 , United States.,Optical Sciences Division, Code 5600 , U.S. Naval Research Laboratory , Washington , D.C. 20375 , United States
| | - Kimihiro Susumu
- KeyW Corporation , Hanover , Maryland 21076 , United States.,Optical Sciences Division, Code 5600 , U.S. Naval Research Laboratory , Washington , D.C. 20375 , United States
| | - Michael H Stewart
- Optical Sciences Division, Code 5600 , U.S. Naval Research Laboratory , Washington , D.C. 20375 , United States
| | - Igor L Medintz
- Center for Bio/Molecular Science and Engineering, Code 6900 , U.S. Naval Research Laboratory , Washington , D.C. 20375 , United States
| | - Emmanuel Stratakis
- Institute of Electronic Structure and Laser , Foundation for Research and Technology-Hellas , Heraklion , 71110 Crete , Greece
| | - Wolfgang J Parak
- Fachbereich Physik, CHyN , Universität Hamburg , 22607 Hamburg , Germany
| | - Antonios G Kanaras
- School of Physics and Astronomy, Faculty of Engineering and Physical Sciences , University of Southampton , Southampton SO17 1BJ , U.K
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Effects of surfactant concentration on formation of high-aspect-ratio gold nanorods. J Colloid Interface Sci 2013; 407:265-72. [PMID: 23830281 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2013.06.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2013] [Revised: 05/13/2013] [Accepted: 06/05/2013] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The effects of surfactant concentration in a growth solution on the elongation of gold nanorods were examined. Gold nanorods were synthesized in solutions with different concentrations of hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide (HTAB): 100, 200, 300, 400, 500, and 600 mM. The nanorods grown in a solution with higher surfactant concentrations were longer (aspect ratio ~30) than those grown in that with lower concentrations (aspect ratio <10). The self-assembled surfactant structures in the solutions were analyzed using viscosity measurement and small-angle X-ray scattering. These results showed a decrease in the inter-micellar distance with increasing surfactant concentration. Taking the chemical equilibrium for the complex formation between Au ions and HTAB micelles into account, we found that the free Au ion concentration decreases accompanied with the increase in the surfactant concentration. This decrease in the free Au ion concentration suppresses undesirable secondary nucleation of gold crystals in a growth solution, resulting in gold nanorod elongation.
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Takenaka Y, Kawabata Y, Kitahata H, Ohzono T. Control of the Long-axis Length of Gold Nanorods through Temperature Variation. CHEM LETT 2012. [DOI: 10.1246/cl.2012.1173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yoshiko Takenaka
- Nanosystem Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST)
| | - Youhei Kawabata
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Tokyo Metropolitan University
| | | | - Takuya Ohzono
- Nanosystem Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST)
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