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Zhang Z, Zhang L, Ren Z, Zhang Y, Hao T, Liu D, Xu L, Liu W, Sun J, Ji H, Wang Y. Multifunctional Ultrathin Metasurface with a Low Radar Cross Section and Variable Infrared Emissivity. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2024. [PMID: 38602127 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.4c01798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2024]
Abstract
The development of stealth devices that are compatible with both infrared (IR) and radar systems remains a significant challenge, as the material properties required for effective IR and radar stealth are often contradictory. In this work, based on an IR electrochromic device (IR-ECD), concepts of metamaterial manipulating electromagnetic waves are applied to develop a multifunctional ultrathin metasurface with a low radar cross section (RCS) and variable infrared emissivity. This paper presents a linear-to-linear polarization conversion metasurface (PCM) designed by hollowing the IR-ECD. In this way, the IR-ECD based on polyaniline (PANI) can also modulate the reflection waves in the microwave band without affecting its features in the infrared region. Thus, the proposed metasurface integrates both microwave stealth and variable infrared emissivity through a single layer. The measured results show that a 10 dB RCS reduction is achieved in the band of 8.46-9.5 GHz, and the infrared emissivity can be adjusted from 0.870 to 0.513 in the infrared stealth band of 8-14 μm. Due to the ultrathin thickness (only 0.081λ0 at 9 GHz), low RCS in the X-band, and variable infrared emissivity, the designed multifunctional stealth metasurface has promising applications on military platforms with various surrounding environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zekui Zhang
- School of Electronic Science and Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan 611731, People's Republic of China
| | - Leipeng Zhang
- Center for Composite Materials and Structure, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150001, People's Republic of China
| | - Zichen Ren
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150001, People's Republic of China
| | - Yike Zhang
- Center for Composite Materials and Structure, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150001, People's Republic of China
| | - Tingting Hao
- Center for Composite Materials and Structure, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150001, People's Republic of China
| | - Dongqi Liu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150001, People's Republic of China
| | - Lei Xu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150001, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenchao Liu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150001, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiawu Sun
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150001, People's Republic of China
| | - Haoyu Ji
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150001, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuqiang Wang
- Center for Composite Materials and Structure, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150001, People's Republic of China
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Ma W, Tang C, He P, Wu X, Cui ZK, Lin S, Liu X, Zhuang Q. Morphology-Controlled Fabrication Strategy of Hollow Mesoporous Carbon Spheres@f-Fe 2O 3 for Microwave Absorption and Infrared Stealth. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:34985-34996. [PMID: 35876138 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c08077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The design and development of radar--infrared compatible stealth materials are challenging in the field of broadband absorption due to the contradiction of stealth requirements and mechanisms in different frequency bands. However, hollow structures show great promise for multispectral stealth because they can lengthen the attenuation path of electromagnetic waves (EMWs) for microwave absorption, interrupt the continuity of heat-transport channels, and lower the thermal conductivity to realize infrared stealth. Here, a new morphological fabrication strategy has been developed to efficiently prepare compatible stealth nanomaterials. In a specific hydrothermal process, the confined growth of flake α-Fe2O3 (f-Fe2O3) outside of hollow mesoporous carbon spheres (HMCS) is achieved using NH3·H2O as a shape-controlled reagent. The introduction of f-Fe2O3 helps to lower infrared emissivity and improve high-frequency impedance matching, which depends on the stable dielectric property of the specific flake shape. Moreover, the size of f-Fe2O3 can be regulated by changing the constituent proportion in the hydrothermal suspension to obtain excellent performance. The minimum reflection loss (RL) of the HMCS@f-Fe2O3-6 composite is -34.16 dB at 2.4 mm, and the effective absorption bandwidth (EAB) reaches 4.8 GHz. Furthermore, the lowest emissivities of the HMCS@f-Fe2O3-6-20 wt %/polyetherimide (PEI) film in the 3-5 and 8-14 μm infrared wavebands are 0.212 and 0.508, respectively. These discoveries may pave the way for the development of radar-infrared compatible stealth materials from the perspective of microstructural design.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjun Ma
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Polymer Materials of Shanghai, School of Material Science and Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, P. R. China
| | - Chuanhao Tang
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Polymer Materials of Shanghai, School of Material Science and Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, P. R. China
| | - Peng He
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Polymer Materials of Shanghai, School of Material Science and Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, P. R. China
| | - Xiaohan Wu
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Polymer Materials of Shanghai, School of Material Science and Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, P. R. China
| | - Zhong-Kai Cui
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, P. R. China
| | - Shaoliang Lin
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Polymer Materials of Shanghai, School of Material Science and Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoyun Liu
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Polymer Materials of Shanghai, School of Material Science and Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, P. R. China
| | - Qixin Zhuang
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Polymer Materials of Shanghai, School of Material Science and Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, P. R. China
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Li J, Chu W, Gao Q, Zhang H, He X, Wang B. In Situ Fabrication of Magnetic and Hierarchically Porous Carbon Films for Efficient Electromagnetic Wave Shielding and Absorption. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:33675-33685. [PMID: 35833957 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c05286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Carbon-based materials have been recognized as a promising method to eliminate electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding and electromagnetic (EM) wave absorption. However, developing lightweight, ultrathin, and efficient EM wave-shielding and wave-absorbing materials remains a challenge. Herein, a series of magnetic porous carbon composite films with a hierarchical network structure were fabricated via pyrolysis of porous polyimide (PI) films containing magnetic metallic salts of Fe(acac)3 and Ni(acac)2. After pyrolysis, the obtained uniform porous carbon films (CFs) possess a favorable EMI-shielding efficiency (SE) of 46 dB in the X-band with a thickness of ∼0.3 mm. In addition, a higher EMI SE of 58 dB can be achieved by increasing the thickness of the porous CF-20Ni to 0.53 mm. Moreover, the CF-20Ni composites also present effective EM wave-absorbing performance of RLmin = - 30.2 dB with a loading amount of 20 wt % at 13.0 GHz owing to the hierarchically conductive carbon skeleton, magnetic Ni nanoparticles, and dielectric interlaced carbon nanotube cluster within the micropores. These novel lightweight and ultrathin porous CFs are expected to be attractive candidates for efficient EM wave absorption and EMI shielding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianwei Li
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Xi'an Polytechnic University, Xi'an 710048, China
| | - Wei Chu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Xi'an Polytechnic University, Xi'an 710048, China
| | - Qiang Gao
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Science and Technology, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, China
| | - Hongming Zhang
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Science and Technology, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, China
| | - Xinhai He
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Xi'an Polytechnic University, Xi'an 710048, China
| | - Bin Wang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Xi'an Polytechnic University, Xi'an 710048, China
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Xia L, Zhang C, Su K, Fan J, Niu Y, Yu Y, Chai R. Oriented Growth of Neural Stem Cell–Derived Neurons Regulated by Magnetic Nanochains. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2022; 10:895107. [PMID: 35677297 PMCID: PMC9168218 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2022.895107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2022] [Accepted: 04/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Neural stem cell therapy has become a promising cure in the treatment of neurodegenerative disorders. Owing to the anisotropy of the nervous system, the newly derived neurons need not only the functional integrity but also the oriented growth to contact with the partner cells to establish functional connections. So the oriented growth of the newly derived neurons is a key factor in neural stem cell–based nerve regeneration. Nowadays, various biomaterials have been applied to assist in the oriented growth of neural stem cell–derived neurons. However, among these biomaterials, the magnetic materials applied in guiding the neuronal growth are still fewer than the other materials, such as the fibers. So in this work, we developed the magnetic nanochains to guide the oriented growth of neural stem cell–derived neurons. With the guidance of the magnetic nanochains, the seeded neural stem cells exhibited a good arrangement, and the neural stem cell–derived neurons showed well-oriented growth with the orientation of the nanochains. We anticipated that the magnetic nanochains would have huge potential in stem cell–based nerve regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Zhongda Hospital, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Advanced Institute for Life and Health, Jiangsu Province High-Tech Key Laboratory for Bio-Medical Research, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Chen Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Neural Regeneration and Repair, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Kaiming Su
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People’s Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiangang Fan
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Sichuan Academy of Medical Science, Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, Chengdu, China
- *Correspondence: Jiangang Fan, ; Yuguang Niu, ; Yafeng Yu, ; Renjie Chai,
| | - Yuguang Niu
- Department of Ambulatory Medicine, The First Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Jiangang Fan, ; Yuguang Niu, ; Yafeng Yu, ; Renjie Chai,
| | - Yafeng Yu
- Department of Otolaryngology, First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Jiangang Fan, ; Yuguang Niu, ; Yafeng Yu, ; Renjie Chai,
| | - Renjie Chai
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Zhongda Hospital, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Advanced Institute for Life and Health, Jiangsu Province High-Tech Key Laboratory for Bio-Medical Research, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Neural Regeneration and Repair, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
- Co-Innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong, China
- Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Jiangang Fan, ; Yuguang Niu, ; Yafeng Yu, ; Renjie Chai,
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