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Zhang L, Su L, Wu L, Zhou W, Xie J, Fan Y, Zhou X, Zhou C, Cui Y, Sun J. Versatile hydrogels prepared by microfluidics technology for bone tissue engineering applications. J Mater Chem B 2025; 13:2611-2639. [PMID: 39876639 DOI: 10.1039/d4tb02314e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2025]
Abstract
Bone defects are a prevalent issue resulting from various factors, such as trauma, degenerative diseases, congenital disabilities, and the surgical removal of tumors. Current methods for bone regeneration have limitations. In this context, the fusion of tissue engineering and microfluidics has emerged as a promising strategy in the field of bone regeneration. This study describes the classification of microfluidic devices based on the nature of flow and channel type, as well as the materials and techniques required. An overview of microfluidic methods used to prepare hydrogels and the advantages of using these hydrogels in bone tissue engineering (BTE) combining several basic elements of BTE to highlight its advantages is provided. Furthermore, this work emphasizes the benefits of using hydrogels prepared via microfluidics over conventional hydrogels in BTE because of their controlled release of cargo, they can be used for in situ injection, simplify the steps of single-cell encapsulation and have the advantages of high-throughput and precise preparation. Additionally, organ-on-a-chip models fabricated via microfluidics offer a platform for studying cell and tissue behaviors in an authentic and dynamic environment. Moreover, microfluidic devices can be utilized for noninvasive diagnosis and therapy. Finally, this paper summarizes the preclinical and clinical applications of hydrogels prepared via microfluidics for bone regeneration by focusing on their current developmental status, limitations associated with their application, and future challenges, which underscore their potential impacts on advancing regenerative medicine practices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luyue Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Disease & National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Center for Oral Diseases & Department of Operative Dentistry and Endodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China.
| | - Liqian Su
- West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Lina Wu
- College of Biomedical Engineering, National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China
| | - Weikai Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Disease & National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Center for Oral Diseases & Department of Operative Dentistry and Endodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China.
| | - Jing Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Disease & National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Center for Oral Diseases & Department of Operative Dentistry and Endodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China.
| | - Yi Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Disease & National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Center for Oral Diseases & Department of Operative Dentistry and Endodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China.
| | - Xuedong Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Disease & National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Center for Oral Diseases & Department of Operative Dentistry and Endodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China.
| | - Changchun Zhou
- College of Biomedical Engineering, National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China
| | - Yujia Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Disease & National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Center for Oral Diseases & Department of Pediatric Dentistry, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China.
| | - Jianxun Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Disease & National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Center for Oral Diseases & Department of Operative Dentistry and Endodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China.
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Nikhil A, Gugjoo MB, Das A, Ahmad SM, Kumar A. 3D-Printed-Cryogel-Impregnated Functionalized Scaffold Augments Bone Regeneration in Critical Tibia Fracture in Goat. Adv Healthc Mater 2024; 13:e2402619. [PMID: 39350449 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202402619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2024] [Revised: 09/10/2024] [Indexed: 12/28/2024]
Abstract
Critical-size bone trauma injuries present a significant clinical challenge because of the limited availability of autografts. In this study, a photocurable composite comprising of polycaprolactone, polypropylene fumarate, and nano-hydroxyapatite (nHAP) (P─P─H) is printed, which shows good osteoconduction in a rat model. A cryogel composed of gelatin-nHAP (GH) is developed to incorporate osteogenic components, specifically bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP-2) and zoledronic acid (ZA), termed as GH+B+Z, which is investigated for osteoinductive property in a rat model. Further, a 3D-printed P─P─H scaffold impregnated with GH+B+Z is designed and implanted in a critical-size defect (25 × 10 × 5 mm) in goat tibia. After 4 months, the scaffold is well-integrated with adjacent native bone, with osteoinduction observed in the cryogel-filled region and osteoconduction over the printed scaffold. X-ray radiography and micro-CT analysis showed bone in-growth in the treatment group with 45 ± 1.4% bone volume/tissue volume (BV/TV), while the defect remained unhealed in the control group with BV/TV of 10.5 ± 0.5%. Histology showed significant cell infiltration and matrix deposition over the printed P─P─H scaffold and within the GH cryogel site in the treatment group. Immunohistochemical staining depicted significantly higher normalized collagen I intensity in the treatment group (34.45 ± 2.61%) compared to the control group (4.22 ± 0.78).
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Affiliation(s)
- Aman Nikhil
- Department of Biological Sciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur, U.P., 208016, India
| | - Mudasir B Gugjoo
- Division of Veterinary Clinical Complex, SKUAST-Kashmir, Srinagar, J&K, 190006, India
| | - Ankita Das
- Department of Biological Sciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur, U.P., 208016, India
| | - Syed M Ahmad
- Division of Animal Biotechnology, SKUAST-Kashmir, Srinagar, J&K, 190006, India
| | - Ashok Kumar
- Department of Biological Sciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur, U.P., 208016, India
- Centre for Environmental Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur, U.P., 208016, India
- The Mehta Family Centre for Engineering in Medicine, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur, U.P., 208016, India
- Centre of Excellence for Materials in Medicine, Gangwal School of Medical Sciences and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur, U.P., 208016, India
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Aykora D, Uzun M. Bone tissue engineering for osteointegration: Where are we now? Polym Bull (Berl) 2024; 81:8595-8605. [DOI: 10.1007/s00289-024-05153-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2023] [Revised: 12/16/2023] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 05/14/2025]
Abstract
AbstractBone fracture healing is a challenging process, due to insufficient and slow tissue repair. Sufferers from bone fractures struggle with one-third of nonunion, display graft rejection, high-costed implantation, or chronic pain. Novel advances in tissue engineering presented promising options for this strain. Biomaterials for bone repair allow accelerated regeneration, osteoblastic cell activation, and enhanced bone remodeling. There is a wide range of biomaterials that are biocompatible, bioresorbable, and biodegradable and used for bone tissue regeneration, promoting osteoconductive and osteoinductive properties. The main aim of bone tissue engineering is to generate rapid and optimal functional bone regeneration through a combination of biomaterials, growth factors, cells, and various agents. Recently bone tissue engineering has been attracted to the use of bioactive glass scaffolds incorporated with polymers and patient-specific fabrication of the bone healing material by 3D bioprinting. There are promising future outcomes that were reported by several research. The present review provides an outlook for recent most common biomaterials in bone tissue engineering suggesting bone tissue engineering practices should have been proceeded to clinical application.
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Vieira de Almeida H, Escobar da Silva LC, Ganzarolli de Oliveira M. Nitric oxide-releasing photocrosslinked chitosan cryogels. Nitric Oxide 2024; 146:48-57. [PMID: 38579898 DOI: 10.1016/j.niox.2024.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2024] [Revised: 03/26/2024] [Accepted: 03/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/07/2024]
Abstract
The highly porous morphology of chitosan cryogels, with submicrometric-sized pore cell walls, provides a large surface area which leads to fast water absorption and elevated swelling degrees. These characteristics are crucial for the applications of nitric oxide (NO) releasing biomaterials, in which the release of NO is triggered by the hydration of the material. In the present study, we report the development of chitosan cryogels (CS) with a porous structure of interconnected cells, with wall thicknesses in the range of 340-881 nm, capable of releasing NO triggered by the rapid hydration process. This property was obtained using an innovative strategy based on the functionalization of CS with two previously synthesized S-nitrosothiols: S-nitrosothioglycolic acid (TGA(SNO)) and S-nitrosomercaptosuccinic acid (MSA(SNO)). For this purpose, CS was previously methacrylated with glycidyl methacrylate and subsequently submitted to photocrosslinking and freeze-drying processes. The photocrosslinked hydrogels thus obtained were then functionalized with TGA(SNO) and MSA(SNO) in reactions mediated by carbodiimide. After functionalization, the hydrogels were frozen and freeze-dried to obtain porous S-nitrosated chitosan cryogels with high swelling capacities. Through chemiluminescence measurements, we demonstrated that CS-TGA(SNO) and CS-MSA(SNO) cryogels spontaneously release NO upon water absorption at rates of 3.34 × 10-2 nmol mg-1 min-1 and 1.27 × 10-1 nmol mg-1 min-1, respectively, opening new perspectives for the use of CS as a platform for localized NO delivery in biomedical applications.
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Shaikh S, Gupta S, Mishra A, Sheikh PA, Singh P, Kumar A. Laser-assisted synthesis of nano-hydroxyapatite and functionalization with bone active molecules for bone regeneration. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2024; 237:113859. [PMID: 38547794 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2024.113859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2024] [Revised: 02/27/2024] [Accepted: 03/17/2024] [Indexed: 04/08/2024]
Abstract
The main goal of bone tissue engineering research is to replace the allogenic and autologous bone graft substitutes that can promote bone repair. Owing to excellent biocompatibility and osteoconductivity, hydroxyapatite is in extensive research and high demand for both medical and non-medical applications. Although various methods have been developed for the synthesis of hydroxyapatite, in the present study we have shown the use of nanosecond laser energy in the wet precipitation method of nano-hydroxyapatite (nHAP) synthesis without using ammonium solution or any other chemicals for pH maintenance. Here, the present study aimed to fabricate the nanohydroxyapatite using a nanosecond laser. The X-ray diffraction and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy have confirmed the hydroxyapatite formation under laser irradiation in less time without aging. A transmission electron microscopy confirmed the nano size of synthesized nHAP, which is comparable to conventional nHAP. The length and width of the laser-assisted nHAP were found to be in the range of 50-200 nm and 15-20 nm, respectively, at various laser parameters. The crystallite size obtained by Debye Scherrer formulae was found to be in the range of ∼ 16-36 nm. In addition, laser-assisted nHAP based composite cryogel (nanohydroxyapatite/gelatin/collagen I) was synthesized and impregnated with bioactive molecules (bone morphogenic protein and zoledronic acid) that demonstrated significant osteogenic potential both in vitro in cell experiment and in vivo rat muscle pouch model (abdomen and tibia muscles). Dual-energy X-ray analysis, micro-CT, and histological analysis confirmed ectopic bone regeneration. Micro-CT based histomorphometry showed a higher amount (more than 10-fold) of mineralization for animal groups implanted with composite cryogels loaded with bioactive molecules compared to only composite cryogels groups. Our findings thus demonstrate a controlled and rapid synthetic method for the synthesis of nHAP with various physical, chemical, and biological properties exhibited as comparable to conventionally synthesized nHAP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shazia Shaikh
- Department of Biological Sciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur 208016, India; Center for Environmental Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur 208016, India.
| | - Sneha Gupta
- Department of Biological Sciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur 208016, India
| | - Ankita Mishra
- Department of Biological Sciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur 208016, India
| | - Parvaiz A Sheikh
- Department of Biological Sciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur 208016, India
| | - Prerna Singh
- Department of Biological Sciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur 208016, India
| | - Ashok Kumar
- Department of Biological Sciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur 208016, India; Center for Environmental Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur 208016, India; Center for Nanosciences, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur 208016, India; The Mehta Family Center for Engineering in Medicine, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur 208016, India; Center of Excellence for Materials in Medicine, Gangwal School of Medical Sciences and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur, UP 208016, India.
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Lu HT, Lin C, Wang YJ, Hsu FY, Hsu JT, Tsai ML, Mi FL. Sequential deacetylation/self-gelling chitin hydrogels and scaffolds functionalized with fucoidan for enhanced BMP-2 loading and sustained release. Carbohydr Polym 2023; 315:121002. [PMID: 37230625 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2023.121002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2022] [Revised: 04/22/2023] [Accepted: 05/07/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP-2) is a potent osteoinductive factor that promotes bone formation. A major obstacle to the clinical application of BMP-2 is its inherent instability and complications caused by its rapid release from implants. Chitin based materials have excellent biocompatibility and mechanical properties, making them ideal for bone tissue engineering applications. In this study, a simple and easy method was developed to spontaneously form deacetylated β-chitin (DAC-β-chitin) gels at room temperature through a sequential deacetylation/self-gelation process. The structural transformation of β-chitin to DAC-β-chitin leads to the formation of self-gelling DAC-β-chitin, from which hydrogels and scaffolds were prepared. Gelatin (GLT) accelerated the self-gelation of DAC-β-chitin and increased the pore size and porosity of the DAC-β-chitin scaffold. The DAC-β-chitin scaffolds were then functionalized with a BMP-2-binding sulfate polysaccharide, fucoidan (FD). Compared with β-chitin scaffolds, FD-functionalized DAC-β-chitin scaffolds showed higher BMP-2 loading capacity and more sustainable release of BMP-2, and thus had better osteogenic activity for bone regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hsien-Tsung Lu
- Department of Orthopedics, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei City 11031, Taiwan, ROC; Department of Orthopedics, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei City 11031, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Chi Lin
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei City 11031, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Yi-Ju Wang
- Department of Food Science, National Taiwan Ocean University, Keelung 20224, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Fang-Yu Hsu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei City 11031, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Ju-Ting Hsu
- Department of Food Science, National Taiwan Ocean University, Keelung 20224, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Min-Lang Tsai
- Department of Food Science, National Taiwan Ocean University, Keelung 20224, Taiwan, ROC.
| | - Fwu-Long Mi
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei City 11031, Taiwan, ROC; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei City 11031, Taiwan, ROC; Graduate Institute of Nanomedicine and Medical Engineering, College of Biomedical Engineering, Taipei Medical University, Taipei City 11031, Taiwan, ROC.
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Sun T, Wang J, Huang H, Liu X, Zhang J, Zhang W, Wang H, Li Z. Low-temperature deposition manufacturing technology: a novel 3D printing method for bone scaffolds. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2023; 11:1222102. [PMID: 37622000 PMCID: PMC10445654 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2023.1222102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2023] [Accepted: 08/01/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023] Open
Abstract
The application of three-dimensional printing technology in the medical field has great potential for bone defect repair, especially personalized and biological repair. As a green manufacturing process that does not involve liquefication through heating, low-temperature deposition manufacturing (LDM) is a promising type of rapid prototyping manufacturing and has been widely used to fabricate scaffolds in bone tissue engineering. The scaffolds fabricated by LDM have a multi-scale controllable pore structure and interconnected micropores, which are beneficial for the repair of bone defects. At the same time, different types of cells or bioactive factor can be integrated into three-dimensional structural scaffolds through LDM. Herein, we introduced LDM technology and summarize its applications in bone tissue engineering. We divide the scaffolds into four categories according to the skeleton materials and discuss the performance and limitations of the scaffolds. The ideas presented in this review have prospects in the development and application of LDM scaffolds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianze Sun
- Department of Orthopedics, First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Mechanism for Repair and Remodeling of Orthopedic Diseases, Dalian, Liaoning, China
- Division of Energy Materials (DNL22), Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, China
| | - Jinzuo Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Mechanism for Repair and Remodeling of Orthopedic Diseases, Dalian, Liaoning, China
| | - Huagui Huang
- Department of Orthopedics, First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Mechanism for Repair and Remodeling of Orthopedic Diseases, Dalian, Liaoning, China
| | - Xin Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Mechanism for Repair and Remodeling of Orthopedic Diseases, Dalian, Liaoning, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Mechanism for Repair and Remodeling of Orthopedic Diseases, Dalian, Liaoning, China
| | - Wentao Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Mechanism for Repair and Remodeling of Orthopedic Diseases, Dalian, Liaoning, China
| | - Honghua Wang
- Division of Energy Materials (DNL22), Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, China
| | - Zhonghai Li
- Department of Orthopedics, First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Mechanism for Repair and Remodeling of Orthopedic Diseases, Dalian, Liaoning, China
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Souto-Lopes M, Grenho L, Manrique YA, Dias MM, Fernandes MH, Monteiro FJ, Salgado CL. Full physicochemical and biocompatibility characterization of a supercritical CO 2 sterilized nano-hydroxyapatite/chitosan biodegradable scaffold for periodontal bone regeneration. BIOMATERIALS ADVANCES 2023; 146:213280. [PMID: 36682201 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioadv.2023.213280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2022] [Revised: 12/07/2022] [Accepted: 01/02/2023] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Despite bone's innate self-renewal capability, some periodontal pathologic and traumatic defects' size inhibits full spontaneous regeneration. This current research characterized a 3D porous biodegradable nano-hydroxyapatite/chitosan (nHAp/CS, 70/30) scaffold for periodontal bone regeneration, which preparation method includes the final solvent extraction and sterilization through supercritical CO2 (scCO2). Micro-CT analysis revealed the fully interconnected porous microstructure of the nHAp/CS scaffold (total porosity 78 %, medium pore size 200 μm) which is critical for bone regeneration. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) showed HAp crystals forming on the surface of the nHAp/CS scaffold after 21 days in simulated body fluid, demonstrating its bioactivity in vitro. The presence of nHAp in the scaffolds promoted a significantly lower biodegradation rate compared to a plain CS scaffold in PBS. Dynamic mechanical analysis confirmed their viscoelasticity, but the presence of nHAp significantly enhanced the storage modulus (42.34 ± 6.09 kPa at 10 Hz after 28 days in PBS), showing that it may support bone ingrowth at low-load bearing bone defects. Both scaffold types significantly inhibited the growth, attachment and colony formation abilities of S. aureus and E. coli, enhancing the relevance of chitosan in the grafts' composition for the naturally contaminated oral environment. At SEM and laser scanning confocal microscopy, MG63 cells showed normal morphology and could adhere and proliferate inside the biomaterials' porous structure, especially for the nHAp/CS scaffold, reaching higher proliferative rate at day 14. MG63 cells seeded within nHAp/CS scaffolds presented a higher expression of RUNX2, collagen A1 and Sp7 osteogenic genes compared to the CS samples. The in vivo subcutaneous implantation in mice of both scaffold types showed lower biodegradability with the preservation of the scaffolds porous structure that allowed the ingrowth of connective tissue until 5 weeks. Histology shows an intensive and progressive ingrowth of new vessels and collagen between the 3rd and the 5th week, especially for the nHAp/CS scaffold. So far, the scCO2 method enabled the production of a cost-effective and environment-friendly ready-to-use nHAp/CS scaffold with microstructural, chemical, mechanical and biocompatibility features that make it a suitable bone graft alternative for defect sites in an adverse environment as in periodontitis and peri-implantitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariana Souto-Lopes
- i3S - Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde da Universidade do Porto, R. Alfredo Allen 208, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal; INEB - Instituto de Engenharia Biomédica, Universidade do Porto, R. Alfredo Allen 208, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal; Faculty of Engineering of the University of Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal
| | - Liliana Grenho
- Faculty of Dental Medicine of the University of Porto, R. Dr. Manuel Pereira da Silva, 4200-393 Porto, Portugal; LAQV/REQUIMTE - Laboratório Associado para a Química Verde/Rede de Química e Tecnologia, Portugal
| | - Yaidelin Alves Manrique
- LSRE-LCM - Laboratory of Separation and Reaction Engineering - Laboratory of Catalysis and Materials, Faculty of Engineering of the University of Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal; ALiCE - Associate Laboratory in Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering of the University of Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal
| | - Madalena Maria Dias
- LSRE-LCM - Laboratory of Separation and Reaction Engineering - Laboratory of Catalysis and Materials, Faculty of Engineering of the University of Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal; ALiCE - Associate Laboratory in Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering of the University of Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal
| | - Maria Helena Fernandes
- Faculty of Dental Medicine of the University of Porto, R. Dr. Manuel Pereira da Silva, 4200-393 Porto, Portugal; LAQV/REQUIMTE - Laboratório Associado para a Química Verde/Rede de Química e Tecnologia, Portugal
| | - Fernando Jorge Monteiro
- i3S - Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde da Universidade do Porto, R. Alfredo Allen 208, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal; INEB - Instituto de Engenharia Biomédica, Universidade do Porto, R. Alfredo Allen 208, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal; Faculty of Engineering of the University of Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal; Porto Comprehensive Cancer Center (P.CCC), R. Dr. António Bernardino de Almeida, 4200-072 Porto, Portugal
| | - Christiane Laranjo Salgado
- i3S - Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde da Universidade do Porto, R. Alfredo Allen 208, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal; INEB - Instituto de Engenharia Biomédica, Universidade do Porto, R. Alfredo Allen 208, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal.
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Abdullah T, Su E, Memić A. Designing Silk-Based Cryogels for Biomedical Applications. Biomimetics (Basel) 2022; 8:5. [PMID: 36648791 PMCID: PMC9844337 DOI: 10.3390/biomimetics8010005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2022] [Revised: 12/17/2022] [Accepted: 12/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
There is a need to develop the next generation of medical products that require biomaterials with improved properties. The versatility of various gels has pushed them to the forefront of biomaterials research. Cryogels, a type of gel scaffold made by controlled crosslinking under subzero or freezing temperatures, have great potential to address many current challenges. Unlike their hydrogel counterparts, which are also able to hold large amounts of biologically relevant fluids such as water, cryogels are often characterized by highly dense and crosslinked polymer walls, macroporous structures, and often improved properties. Recently, one biomaterial that has garnered a lot of interest for cryogel fabrication is silk and its derivatives. In this review, we provide a brief overview of silk-based biomaterials and how cryogelation can be used for novel scaffold design. We discuss how various parameters and fabrication strategies can be used to tune the properties of silk-based biomaterials. Finally, we discuss specific biomedical applications of silk-based biomaterials. Ultimately, we aim to demonstrate how the latest advances in silk-based cryogel scaffolds can be used to address challenges in numerous bioengineering disciplines.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Esra Su
- Department of Chemistry, Istanbul Technical University, Istanbul 34467, Turkey
- Faculty of Aquatic Sciences, Aquatic Biotechnology, Istanbul University, Istanbul 34134, Turkey
| | - Adnan Memić
- Center of Nanotechnology, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
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Shi J, Dai W, Gupta A, Zhang B, Wu Z, Zhang Y, Pan L, Wang L. Frontiers of Hydroxyapatite Composites in Bionic Bone Tissue Engineering. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 15:ma15238475. [PMID: 36499970 PMCID: PMC9738134 DOI: 10.3390/ma15238475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2022] [Revised: 11/21/2022] [Accepted: 11/25/2022] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Bone defects caused by various factors may cause morphological and functional disorders that can seriously affect patient's quality of life. Autologous bone grafting is morbid, involves numerous complications, and provides limited volume at donor site. Hence, tissue-engineered bone is a better alternative for repair of bone defects and for promoting a patient's functional recovery. Besides good biocompatibility, scaffolding materials represented by hydroxyapatite (HA) composites in tissue-engineered bone also have strong ability to guide bone regeneration. The development of manufacturing technology and advances in material science have made HA composite scaffolding more closely related to the composition and mechanical properties of natural bone. The surface morphology and pore diameter of the scaffold material are more important for cell proliferation, differentiation, and nutrient exchange. The degradation rate of the composite scaffold should match the rate of osteogenesis, and the loading of cells/cytokine is beneficial to promote the formation of new bone. In conclusion, there is no doubt that a breakthrough has been made in composition, mechanical properties, and degradation of HA composites. Biomimetic tissue-engineered bone based on vascularization and innervation show a promising future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingcun Shi
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery—Head & Neck Oncology, Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200011, China
- College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200011, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, National Center for Stomatology, Shanghai 200011, China
| | - Wufei Dai
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200011, China
- Shanghai Tissue Engineering Key Laboratory, Shanghai Research Institute of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgey, Shanghai 200011, China
| | - Anand Gupta
- Department of Dentistry, Government Medical College & Hospital, Chandigarh 160017, India
| | - Bingqing Zhang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery—Head & Neck Oncology, Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200011, China
- College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200011, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, National Center for Stomatology, Shanghai 200011, China
| | - Ziqian Wu
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery—Head & Neck Oncology, Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200011, China
- College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200011, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, National Center for Stomatology, Shanghai 200011, China
| | - Yuhan Zhang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery—Head & Neck Oncology, Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200011, China
- College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200011, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, National Center for Stomatology, Shanghai 200011, China
| | - Lisha Pan
- College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200011, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, National Center for Stomatology, Shanghai 200011, China
| | - Lei Wang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery—Head & Neck Oncology, Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200011, China
- College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200011, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, National Center for Stomatology, Shanghai 200011, China
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11
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Zhang X, Hang Y, Ding Z, Xiao L, Cheng W, Lu Q. Macroporous Silk Nanofiber Cryogels with Tunable Properties. Biomacromolecules 2022; 23:2160-2169. [PMID: 35443774 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.2c00222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Cryogels are widely used in tissue regeneration due to their porous structures and friendly hydrogel performance. Silk-based cryogels were developed but failed to exhibit desirable tunable properties to adapt various biomedical applications. Here, amorphous short silk nanofibers (SSFs) were introduced to fabricate silk cryogels with versatile cues. Compared to previous silk cryogels, the SSF cryogels prepared under same conditions showed significantly enhanced mechanical properties. The microporous cryogels were achieved under lower silk concentrations, confirming better tunability. Versatile cryogels with the modulus in the range of 0.5-283.7 kPa were developed through adjusting silk concentration and crosslinking conditions, superior to previous silk cryogel systems. Besides better cytocompatibility, the SSF cryogels were endowed with effective mechanical cues to control osteogenetic differentiation behaviors of BMSCs. The mechanical properties could be further regulated finely through the introduction of β-sheet-rich silk nanofibers (SNFs), which suggested possible optimization of mechanical niches. Bioactive cargo-laden SNFs were introduced to the SSF cryogel systems, bringing biochemical signals without the compromise of mechanical properties. Versatile SNF-based cryogels with different physical and biological cues were developed here to facilitate the applications in various tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyi Zhang
- National Engineering Laboratory for Modern Silk & Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, People's Republic of China
| | - Yingjie Hang
- National Engineering Laboratory for Modern Silk & Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhaozhao Ding
- National Engineering Laboratory for Modern Silk & Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, People's Republic of China
| | - Liying Xiao
- National Engineering Laboratory for Modern Silk & Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, People's Republic of China
| | - Weinan Cheng
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361000, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiang Lu
- National Engineering Laboratory for Modern Silk & Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, People's Republic of China
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12
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Wang H, Hu B, Li H, Feng G, Pan S, Chen Z, Li B, Song J. Biomimetic Mineralized Hydroxyapatite Nanofiber-Incorporated Methacrylated Gelatin Hydrogel with Improved Mechanical and Osteoinductive Performances for Bone Regeneration. Int J Nanomedicine 2022; 17:1511-1529. [PMID: 35388269 PMCID: PMC8978691 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s354127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2021] [Accepted: 03/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Methacrylic anhydride-modified gelatin (GelMA) hydrogels exhibit many beneficial biological features and are widely studied for bone tissue regeneration. However, deficiencies in the mechanical strength, osteogenic factors and mineral ions limit their application in bone defect regeneration. Incorporation of inorganic fillers into GelMA to improve its mechanical properties and bone regenerative ability has been one of the research hotspots. Methods In this work, hydroxyapatite nanofibers (HANFs) were prepared and mineralized in a simulated body fluid to make their components and structure more similar to those of natural bone apatite, and then different amounts of mineralized HANFs (m-HANFs) were incorporated into the GelMA hydrogel to form m-HANFs/GelMA composite hydrogels. The physicochemical properties, biocompatibility and bone regenerative ability of m-HANFs/GelMA were determined in vitro and in vivo. Results The results indicated that m-HANFs with high aspect ratio presented rough and porous surfaces coated with bone-like apatite crystals. The incorporation of biomimetic m-HANFs improved the biocompatibility, mechanical, swelling, degradation and bone regenerative performances of GelMA. However, the improvement in the performance of the composite hydrogel did not continuously increase as the amount of added m-HANFs increased, and the 15m-HANFs/GelMA group exhibited the best swelling and degradation performances and the best bone repair effect in vivo among all the groups. Conclusion The biomimetic m-HANFs/GelMA composite hydrogel can provide a novel option for bone tissue engineering in the future; however, it needs further investigations to optimize the proportions of m-HANFs and GelMA for improving the bone repair effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- He Wang
- Stomatological Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher Education, Chongqing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Bo Hu
- Stomatological Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher Education, Chongqing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hong Li
- Chongqing Engineering Laboratory of Nano/Micro Biomedical Detection Technology, Chongqing University of Science and Technology, Chongqing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ge Feng
- Stomatological Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher Education, Chongqing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shengyuan Pan
- Stomatological Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher Education, Chongqing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ziqi Chen
- Stomatological Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher Education, Chongqing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Bo Li
- Chongqing Engineering Laboratory of Nano/Micro Biomedical Detection Technology, Chongqing University of Science and Technology, Chongqing, People’s Republic of China
- Correspondence: Bo Li, Chongqing Engineering Laboratory of Nano/Micro Biomedical Detection Technology, Chongqing University of Science and Technology, Chongqing, 401331, People’s Republic of China, Tel +86-23-8886-0026, Fax +86-23-8886-0222, Email
| | - Jinlin Song
- Stomatological Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher Education, Chongqing, People’s Republic of China
- Jinlin Song, College of Stomatology, Chongqing Medical University, 426# Songshibei Road, Yubei District, Chongqing, 401147, People’s Republic of China, Tel +86-23-8886-0026, Fax +86-23-8886-0222, Email
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13
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Rogulska OY, Trufanova NA, Petrenko YA, Repin NV, Grischuk VP, Ashukina NO, Bondarenko SY, Ivanov GV, Podorozhko EA, Lozinsky VI, Petrenko AY. Generation of bone grafts using cryopreserved mesenchymal stromal cells and macroporous collagen-nanohydroxyapatite cryogels. J Biomed Mater Res B Appl Biomater 2021; 110:489-499. [PMID: 34387944 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.b.34927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2021] [Revised: 07/27/2021] [Accepted: 08/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Bone tissue engineering strategy involves the 3D scaffolds and appropriate cell types promoting the replacement of the damaged area. In this work, we aimed to develop a fast and reliable clinically relevant protocol for engineering viable bone grafts, using cryopreserved adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) and composite 3D collagen-nano-hydroxyapatite (nanoHA) scaffolds. Xeno- and DMSO-free cryopreserved MSCs were perfusion-seeded into the biomimetic collagen/nanoHA scaffolds manufactured by cryotropic gelation and their osteoregenerative potential was assessed in vitro and in vivo. Cryopreserved MSCs retained the ability to homogenously repopulate the whole volume of the scaffolds during 7 days of post-thaw culture. Moreover, the scaffold provided a suitable microenvironment for induced osteogenic differentiation of cells, confirmed by alkaline phosphatase activity and mineralization. Implantation of collagen-nanoHA cryogels with cryopreserved MSCs accelerated woven bone tissue formation, maturation of bone trabeculae, and vascularization of femur defects in immunosuppressed rats compared to cell-free collagen-nanoHA scaffolds. The established combination of xeno-free cell culture and cryopreservation techniques together with an appropriate scaffold design and cell repopulation approach accelerated the generation of viable bone grafts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olena Y Rogulska
- Biochemistry department, Institute for Problems of Cryobiology and Cryomedicine of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kharkiv, Ukraine.,Biochemistry department, V. N. Karazin Kharkiv National University, Kharkiv, Ukraine
| | - Nataliya A Trufanova
- Biochemistry department, Institute for Problems of Cryobiology and Cryomedicine of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kharkiv, Ukraine
| | - Yuriy A Petrenko
- Neuroregeneration department, Institute of Experimental Medicine of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Nikolay V Repin
- Biochemistry department, Institute for Problems of Cryobiology and Cryomedicine of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kharkiv, Ukraine
| | - Victor P Grischuk
- Biochemistry department, Institute for Problems of Cryobiology and Cryomedicine of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kharkiv, Ukraine
| | - Nataliya O Ashukina
- Laboratory of Connective Tissue Morphology, Department of transplantology and experimental modeling with an experimental biological clinic, Department of Joint Pathology, Sytenko Institute of Spine and Joint Pathology National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine, Kharkiv, Ukraine
| | - Stanislav Y Bondarenko
- Laboratory of Connective Tissue Morphology, Department of transplantology and experimental modeling with an experimental biological clinic, Department of Joint Pathology, Sytenko Institute of Spine and Joint Pathology National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine, Kharkiv, Ukraine
| | - Gennadiy V Ivanov
- Laboratory of Connective Tissue Morphology, Department of transplantology and experimental modeling with an experimental biological clinic, Department of Joint Pathology, Sytenko Institute of Spine and Joint Pathology National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine, Kharkiv, Ukraine
| | - Elena A Podorozhko
- Laboratory for Cryochemistry of BioPolymers, A. N. Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Vladimir I Lozinsky
- Laboratory for Cryochemistry of BioPolymers, A. N. Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Alexander Y Petrenko
- Biochemistry department, Institute for Problems of Cryobiology and Cryomedicine of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kharkiv, Ukraine.,Biochemistry department, V. N. Karazin Kharkiv National University, Kharkiv, Ukraine
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14
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He Y, Wang C, Wang C, Xiao Y, Lin W. An Overview on Collagen and Gelatin-Based Cryogels: Fabrication, Classification, Properties and Biomedical Applications. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:2299. [PMID: 34301056 PMCID: PMC8309424 DOI: 10.3390/polym13142299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2021] [Revised: 06/20/2021] [Accepted: 07/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Decades of research into cryogels have resulted in the development of many types of cryogels for various applications. Collagen and gelatin possess nontoxicity, intrinsic gel-forming ability and physicochemical properties, and excellent biocompatibility and biodegradability, making them very desirable candidates for the fabrication of cryogels. Collagen-based cryogels (CBCs) and gelatin-based cryogels (GBCs) have been successfully applied as three-dimensional substrates for cell culture and have shown promise for biomedical use. A key point in the development of CBCs and GBCs is the quantitative and precise characterization of their properties and their correlation with preparation process and parameters, enabling these cryogels to be tuned to match engineering requirements. Great efforts have been devoted to fabricating these types of cryogels and exploring their potential biomedical application. However, to the best of our knowledge, no comprehensive overviews focused on CBCs and GBCs have been reported currently. In this review, we attempt to provide insight into the recent advances on such kinds of cryogels, including their fabrication methods and structural properties, as well as potential biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujing He
- Department of Biomass and Leather Engineering, Key Laboratory of Leather Chemistry and Engineering of Ministry of Education, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China; (Y.H.); (C.W.); (Y.X.)
| | - Chunhua Wang
- Department of Biomass and Leather Engineering, Key Laboratory of Leather Chemistry and Engineering of Ministry of Education, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China; (Y.H.); (C.W.); (Y.X.)
- National Engineering Research Center of Clean Technology in Leather Industry, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Chenzhi Wang
- Department of Biomass and Leather Engineering, Key Laboratory of Leather Chemistry and Engineering of Ministry of Education, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China; (Y.H.); (C.W.); (Y.X.)
| | - Yuanhang Xiao
- Department of Biomass and Leather Engineering, Key Laboratory of Leather Chemistry and Engineering of Ministry of Education, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China; (Y.H.); (C.W.); (Y.X.)
| | - Wei Lin
- Department of Biomass and Leather Engineering, Key Laboratory of Leather Chemistry and Engineering of Ministry of Education, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China; (Y.H.); (C.W.); (Y.X.)
- National Engineering Research Center of Clean Technology in Leather Industry, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
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15
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Savina IN, Zoughaib M, Yergeshov AA. Design and Assessment of Biodegradable Macroporous Cryogels as Advanced Tissue Engineering and Drug Carrying Materials. Gels 2021; 7:79. [PMID: 34203439 PMCID: PMC8293244 DOI: 10.3390/gels7030079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2021] [Revised: 06/17/2021] [Accepted: 06/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Cryogels obtained by the cryotropic gelation process are macroporous hydrogels with a well-developed system of interconnected pores and shape memory. There have been significant recent advancements in our understanding of the cryotropic gelation process, and in the relationship between components, their structure and the application of the cryogels obtained. As cryogels are one of the most promising hydrogel-based biomaterials, and this field has been advancing rapidly, this review focuses on the design of biodegradable cryogels as advanced biomaterials for drug delivery and tissue engineering. The selection of a biodegradable polymer is key to the development of modern biomaterials that mimic the biological environment and the properties of artificial tissue, and are at the same time capable of being safely degraded/metabolized without any side effects. The range of biodegradable polymers utilized for cryogel formation is overviewed, including biopolymers, synthetic polymers, polymer blends, and composites. The paper discusses a cryotropic gelation method as a tool for synthesis of hydrogel materials with large, interconnected pores and mechanical, physical, chemical and biological properties, adapted for targeted biomedical applications. The effect of the composition, cross-linker, freezing conditions, and the nature of the polymer on the morphology, mechanical properties and biodegradation of cryogels is discussed. The biodegradation of cryogels and its dependence on their production and composition is overviewed. Selected representative biomedical applications demonstrate how cryogel-based materials have been used in drug delivery, tissue engineering, regenerative medicine, cancer research, and sensing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irina N. Savina
- School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Brighton, Huxley Building, Lewes Road, Brighton BN2 4GJ, UK
| | - Mohamed Zoughaib
- Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan (Volga Region) Federal University, 18 Kremlyovskaya St., 420008 Kazan, Russia; (M.Z.); (A.A.Y.)
| | - Abdulla A. Yergeshov
- Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan (Volga Region) Federal University, 18 Kremlyovskaya St., 420008 Kazan, Russia; (M.Z.); (A.A.Y.)
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16
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17
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Shiekh PA, Andrabi SM, Singh A, Majumder S, Kumar A. Designing cryogels through cryostructuring of polymeric matrices for biomedical applications. Eur Polym J 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2020.110234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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18
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Raina DB, Matuszewski LM, Vater C, Bolte J, Isaksson H, Lidgren L, Tägil M, Zwingenberger S. A facile one-stage treatment of critical bone defects using a calcium sulfate/hydroxyapatite biomaterial providing spatiotemporal delivery of bone morphogenic protein-2 and zoledronic acid. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2020; 6:6/48/eabc1779. [PMID: 33246951 PMCID: PMC7695465 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abc1779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2020] [Accepted: 10/09/2020] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Bone morphogenic proteins (BMPs) are the only true osteoinductive molecules. Despite being tremendously potent, their clinical use has been limited for reasons including supraphysiological doses, suboptimal delivery systems, and the pro-osteoclast effect of BMPs. Efforts to achieve spatially controlled bone formation using BMPs are being made. We demonstrate that a carrier consisting of a powder of calcium sulfate/hydroxyapatite (CaS/HA) mixed with bone active molecules provides an efficient drug delivery platform for critical femoral defect healing in rats. The bone-active molecules were composed of osteoinductive rhBMP-2 and the bisphosphonate, and zoledronic acid (ZA) was chosen to overcome BMP-2-induced bone resorption. It was demonstrated that delivery of rhBMP-2 was necessary for critical defect healing and restoration of mechanical properties, but codelivery of BMP-2 and ZA led to denser and stronger fracture calluses. Together, the CaS/HA biomaterial with rhBMP-2 and/or ZA can potentially be used as an off-the-shelf alternative to autograft bone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deepak Bushan Raina
- Lund University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Orthopaedics, Lund 22185, Sweden.
| | - Lucas-Maximilian Matuszewski
- University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus at Technische Universität Dresden, University Center of Orthopedic, Trauma and Plastic Surgery, Dresden 01307, Germany
| | - Corina Vater
- University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus at Technische Universität Dresden, University Center of Orthopedic, Trauma and Plastic Surgery, Dresden 01307, Germany
| | - Julia Bolte
- University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus at Technische Universität Dresden, University Center of Orthopedic, Trauma and Plastic Surgery, Dresden 01307, Germany
| | - Hanna Isaksson
- Lund University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Orthopaedics, Lund 22185, Sweden
- Lund University, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Lund 22100, Sweden
| | - Lars Lidgren
- Lund University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Orthopaedics, Lund 22185, Sweden
| | - Magnus Tägil
- Lund University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Orthopaedics, Lund 22185, Sweden
| | - Stefan Zwingenberger
- University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus at Technische Universität Dresden, University Center of Orthopedic, Trauma and Plastic Surgery, Dresden 01307, Germany
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19
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Teotia AK, Dienel K, Qayoom I, van Bochove B, Gupta S, Partanen J, Seppälä J, Kumar A. Improved Bone Regeneration in Rabbit Bone Defects Using 3D Printed Composite Scaffolds Functionalized with Osteoinductive Factors. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2020; 12:48340-48356. [PMID: 32993288 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c13851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Large critical size bone defects are complicated to treat, and in many cases, autografts become a challenge due to size and availability. In such situations, a synthetic bone implant that can be patient-specifically designed and fabricated with control over parameters such as porosity, rigidity, and osteogenic cues can act as a potential synthetic bone substitute. In this study, we produced photocuring composite resins with poly(trimethylene carbonate) containing high ratios of bioactive ceramics and printed porous 3D composite scaffolds to be used as bone grafts. To enhance the overall surface area available for cell infiltration, the scaffolds were also filled with a macroporous cryogel. Furthermore, the scaffolds were functionalized with osteoactive factors: bone morphogenetic protein and zoledronic acid. The scaffolds were evaluated in vitro for biocompatibility and for functionality in vivo in critical bone defects (∼8 mm) in two clinically relevant rabbit models. These studies included a smaller study in rabbit tibia and a larger study in the rabbit cranium. It was observed that the bioactive molecule-functionalized 3D printed porous composite scaffolds provide an excellent conductive surface inducing higher bone formation and improved defect healing in both critical size long bones and cranial defects. Our findings provide strong evidence in favor of these composites as next generation synthetic bone substitutes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arun Kumar Teotia
- Department of Biological Sciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur 208016, India
| | - Kasper Dienel
- Polymer Technology, School of Chemical Engineering, Aalto University, Espoo 02150, Finland
| | - Irfan Qayoom
- Department of Biological Sciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur 208016, India
| | - Bas van Bochove
- Polymer Technology, School of Chemical Engineering, Aalto University, Espoo 02150, Finland
| | - Sneha Gupta
- Department of Biological Sciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur 208016, India
| | - Jouni Partanen
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Aalto University, Espoo 02150, Finland
| | - Jukka Seppälä
- Polymer Technology, School of Chemical Engineering, Aalto University, Espoo 02150, Finland
| | - Ashok Kumar
- Department of Biological Sciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur 208016, India
- Polymer Technology, School of Chemical Engineering, Aalto University, Espoo 02150, Finland
- Centre for Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur 208016, Uttar Pradesh, India
- Centre for Nanosciences, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur 208016, Uttar Pradesh, India
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20
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Qayoom I, Verma R, Murugan PA, Raina DB, Teotia AK, Matheshwaran S, Nair NN, Tägil M, Lidgren L, Kumar A. A biphasic nanohydroxyapatite/calcium sulphate carrier containing Rifampicin and Isoniazid for local delivery gives sustained and effective antibiotic release and prevents biofilm formation. Sci Rep 2020; 10:14128. [PMID: 32839480 PMCID: PMC7445265 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-70726-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2020] [Accepted: 07/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Long term multiple systemic antibiotics form the cornerstone in the treatment of bone and joint tuberculosis, often combined with local surgical eradication. Implanted carriers for local drug delivery have recently been introduced to overcome some of the limitations associated with conventional treatment strategies. In this study, we used a calcium sulphate hemihydrate (CSH)/nanohydroxyapatite (nHAP) based nanocement (NC) biomaterial as a void filler as well as a local delivery carrier of two standard of care tuberculosis drugs, Rifampicin (RFP) and Isoniazid (INH). We observed that the antibiotics showed different release patterns where INH showed a burst release of 67% and 100% release alone and in combination within one week, respectively whereas RFP showed sustained release of 42% and 49% release alone and in combination over a period of 12 weeks, respectively indicating different possible interactions of antibiotics with nHAP. The interactions were studied using computational methodology, which showed that the binding energy of nHAP with RFP was 148 kcal/mol and INH was 11 kcal/mol, thus varying substantially resulting in RFP being retained in the nHAP matrix. Our findings suggest that a biphasic ceramic based drug delivery system could be a promising treatment alternative to bone and joint TB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irfan Qayoom
- Department of Biological Science and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur, UP, 208016, India
| | - Rahul Verma
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur, UP, 208016, India
| | - Prem Anand Murugan
- Department of Biological Science and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur, UP, 208016, India
| | - Deepak Bushan Raina
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Medical Faculty, Clinical Sciences Lund, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Arun Kumar Teotia
- Department of Biological Science and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur, UP, 208016, India
| | - Saravanan Matheshwaran
- Department of Biological Science and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur, UP, 208016, India
- Centre for Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur, UP, 208016, India
| | - Nisanth N Nair
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur, UP, 208016, India
| | - Magnus Tägil
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Medical Faculty, Clinical Sciences Lund, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Lars Lidgren
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Medical Faculty, Clinical Sciences Lund, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Ashok Kumar
- Department of Biological Science and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur, UP, 208016, India.
- Centre for Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur, UP, 208016, India.
- Centre for Nanosciences, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur, UP, 208016, India.
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21
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Veronesi F, Maglio M, Brogini S, Fini M. In vivo studies on osteoinduction: A systematic review on animal models, implant site, and type and postimplantation investigation. J Biomed Mater Res A 2020; 108:1834-1866. [PMID: 32297695 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.36949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2019] [Revised: 03/15/2020] [Accepted: 03/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Musculoskeletal diseases involving loss of tissue usually require management with bone grafts, among which autografts are still the gold standard. To overcome autograft disadvantages, the development of new scaffolds is constantly increasing, as well as the number of in vivo studies evaluating their osteoinductivity in ectopic sites. The aim of the present systematic review is to evaluate the last 10 years of osteoinduction in vivo studies. The review is focused on: (a) which type of animal model is most suitable for osteoinduction evaluation; (b) what are the most used types of scaffolds; (c) what kind of post-explant evaluation is most used. Through three websites (www.pubmed.com, www.webofknowledge.com and www.embase.com), 77 in vivo studies were included. Fifty-eight studies were conducted in small animal models (rodents) and 19 in animals of medium or large size (rabbits, dogs, goats, sheep, and minipigs). Despite the difficulty in establishing the most suitable animal model for osteoinductivity studies, small animals (in particular mice) are the most utilized. Intramuscular implantation is more frequent than subcutis, especially in large animals, and synthetic scaffolds (especially CaP ceramics) are preferred than natural ones, also in combination with cells and growth factors. Paraffin histology and histomorphometric evaluations are usually employed for postimplantation analyses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Veronesi
- IRCCS-Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Laboratory of Preclinical and Surgical Studies, Bologna, Italy
| | - Melania Maglio
- IRCCS-Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Laboratory of Preclinical and Surgical Studies, Bologna, Italy
| | - Silvia Brogini
- IRCCS-Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Laboratory of Preclinical and Surgical Studies, Bologna, Italy
| | - Milena Fini
- IRCCS-Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Laboratory of Preclinical and Surgical Studies, Bologna, Italy
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Lian H, Wang H, Han Q, Wang C. Quantification of rhBMP2 in bioactive bone materials. Regen Biomater 2020; 7:71-75. [PMID: 32153993 PMCID: PMC7053258 DOI: 10.1093/rb/rbz038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2019] [Revised: 09/09/2019] [Accepted: 10/03/2019] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Bone morphogenetic protein (BMP), belongs to transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) superfamily except BMP-1. Implanting BMP into muscular tissues induces ectopic bone formation at the site of implantation, which provides opportunity for the treatment of bone defects. Recombinant human BMP-2 (rhBMP-2) has been used clinically, but the lack of standard methods for quantifying rhBMP-2 biological activity greatly hindered the progress of commercialization. In this article, we describe an in vitro rhBMP-2 quantification method, as well as the data analyzation pipeline through logistic regression in RStudio. Previous studies indicated that alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity of C2C12 cells was significantly increased when exposed to rhBMP-2, and showed dose-dependent effects in a certain concentration range of rhBMP-2. Thus, we chose to quantify ALP activity as an indicator of rhBMP-2 bioactivity in vitro. A sigmoid relationship between the ALP activity and concentration of rhBMP-2 was discovered. However, there are tons of regression models for such a non-linear relationship. It has always been a major concern for researchers to choose a proper model that not only fit data accurately, but also have parameters representing practical meanings. Therefore, to fit our rhBMP-2 quantification data, we applied two logistic regression models, three-parameter log-logistic model and four-parameter log-logistic model. The four-parameter log-logistic model (adj-R 2 > 0.98) fits better than three-parameter log-logistic model (adj-R 2 > 0.75) for the sigmoid curves. Overall, our results indicate rhBMP-2 quantification in vitro can be accomplished by detecting ALP activity and fitting four-parameter log-logistic model. Furthermore, we also provide a highly adaptable R script for any additional logistic models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huan Lian
- Division of Biomaterials, Department of Medical Devices, National Institutes for Food and Drug Control, No. 31 Huatuo Road, Beijing 102629, China
| | - Han Wang
- Division of Biomaterials, Department of Medical Devices, National Institutes for Food and Drug Control, No. 31 Huatuo Road, Beijing 102629, China
| | - Qianqian Han
- Division of Biomaterials, Department of Medical Devices, National Institutes for Food and Drug Control, No. 31 Huatuo Road, Beijing 102629, China
| | - Chunren Wang
- Division of Biomaterials, Department of Medical Devices, National Institutes for Food and Drug Control, No. 31 Huatuo Road, Beijing 102629, China
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Valente KP, Brolo A, Suleman A. From Dermal Patch to Implants-Applications of Biocomposites in Living Tissues. Molecules 2020; 25:E507. [PMID: 31991641 PMCID: PMC7037691 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25030507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2019] [Revised: 01/19/2020] [Accepted: 01/20/2020] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Composites are composed of two or more materials, displaying enhanced performance and superior mechanical properties when compared to their individual components. The use of biocompatible materials has created a new category of biocomposites. Biocomposites can be applied to living tissues due to low toxicity, biodegradability and high biocompatibility. This review summarizes recent applications of biocomposite materials in the field of biomedical engineering, focusing on four areas-bone regeneration, orthopedic/dental implants, wound healing and tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Alexandre Brolo
- Department of Chemistry, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC V8P 5C2, Canada;
| | - Afzal Suleman
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC V8P 5C2, Canada;
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Sultankulov B, Berillo D, Kauanova S, Mikhalovsky S, Mikhalovska L, Saparov A. Composite Cryogel with Polyelectrolyte Complexes for Growth Factor Delivery. Pharmaceutics 2019; 11:pharmaceutics11120650. [PMID: 31817064 PMCID: PMC6955881 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics11120650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2019] [Revised: 11/11/2019] [Accepted: 11/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Macroporous scaffolds composed of chitosan (CHI), hydroxyapatite (HA), heparin (Hep), and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) were prepared with a glutaraldehyde (GA) cross-linker by cryogelation. Addition of PVA to the reaction mixture slowed down the formation of a polyelectrolyte complex (PEC) between CHI and Hep, which allowed more thorough mixing, and resulted in the development of the homogeneous matrix structure. Freezing of the CHI-HA-GA and PVA-Hep-GA mixture led to the formation of a non-stoichiometric PEC between oppositely charged groups of CHI and Hep, which caused further efficient immobilization of bone morphogenic protein 2 (BMP-2) possible due to electrostatic interactions. It was shown that the obtained cryogel matrix released BMP-2 and supported the differentiation of rat bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (rat BMSCs) into the osteogenic lineage. Rat BMSCs attached to cryogel loaded with BMP-2 and expressed osteocalcin in vitro. Obtained composite cryogel with PEC may have high potential for bone regeneration and tissue engineering applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bolat Sultankulov
- Department of Chemical Engineering, School of Engineering, Nazarbayev University, Nur-Sultan 010000, Kazakhstan; (B.S.); (S.K.)
| | - Dmitriy Berillo
- Department of Biotechnology, Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Almaty 050040, Kazakhstan;
- School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Brighton, Brighton BN2 4GJ, UK;
| | - Sholpan Kauanova
- Department of Chemical Engineering, School of Engineering, Nazarbayev University, Nur-Sultan 010000, Kazakhstan; (B.S.); (S.K.)
| | - Sergey Mikhalovsky
- ANAMAD Ltd., Falmer, Brighton BN1 9SB, UK;
- Chuiko Institute of Surface Chemistry, Kyiv 01364, Ukraine
| | - Lyuba Mikhalovska
- School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Brighton, Brighton BN2 4GJ, UK;
| | - Arman Saparov
- School of Medicine, Nazarbayev University, Nur-Sultan 010000, Kazakhstan
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +7-7172-706140
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García-García P, Reyes R, Segredo-Morales E, Pérez-Herrero E, Delgado A, Évora C. PLGA-BMP-2 and PLA-17β-Estradiol Microspheres Reinforcing a Composite Hydrogel for Bone Regeneration in Osteoporosis. Pharmaceutics 2019; 11:E648. [PMID: 31817033 PMCID: PMC6956377 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics11120648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2019] [Revised: 11/21/2019] [Accepted: 11/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The controlled release of active substances-bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP-2) and 17β-estradiol-is one of the main aspects to be taken into account to successfully regenerate a tissue defect. In this study, BMP-2- and 17β-estradiol-loaded microspheres were combined in a sandwich-like system formed by a hydrogel core composed of chitosan (CHT) collagen, 2-hidroxipropil γ-ciclodextrin (HP-γ-CD), nanoparticles of hydroxyapatite (nano-HAP), and an electrospun mesh shell prepared with two external electrospinning films for the regeneration of a critical bone defect in osteoporotic rats. Microspheres were made with poly-lactide-co-glycolide (PLGA) to encapsulate BMP-2, whereas the different formulations of 17β-estradiol were prepared with poly-lactic acid (PLA) and PLGA. The in vitro and in vivo BMP-2 delivered from the system fitted a biphasic profile. Although the in vivo burst effect was higher than in vitro the second phases (lasted up to 6 weeks) were parallel, the release rate ranged between 55 and 70 ng/day. The in vitro release kinetics of the 17β-estradiol dissolved in the polymeric matrix of the microspheres depended on the partition coefficient. The 17β-estradiol was slowly released from the core system using an aqueous release medium (Deff = 5.58·10-16 ± 9.81·10-17m2s-1) and very fast in MeOH-water (50:50). The hydrogel core system was injectable, and approximately 83% of the loaded dose is uniformly discharged through a 20G needle. The system placed in the defect was easily adapted to the defect shape and after 12 weeks approximately 50% of the defect was refilled by new tissue. None differences were observed between the osteoporotic and non-osteoporotic groups. Despite the role of 17β-estradiol on the bone remodeling process, the obtained results in this study suggest that the observed regeneration was only due to the controlled rate released of BMP-2 from the PLGA microspheres.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia García-García
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Pharmaceutical Technology, University of La Laguna, 38206 La Laguna, Spain (E.S.-M.); (E.P.-H.)
| | - Ricardo Reyes
- Institute of Biomedical Technologies (ITB), University of La Laguna, 38206 La Laguna, Spain;
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology, Cell Biology and Genetics, University of La Laguna, 38206 La Laguna, Spain
| | - Elisabet Segredo-Morales
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Pharmaceutical Technology, University of La Laguna, 38206 La Laguna, Spain (E.S.-M.); (E.P.-H.)
| | - Edgar Pérez-Herrero
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Pharmaceutical Technology, University of La Laguna, 38206 La Laguna, Spain (E.S.-M.); (E.P.-H.)
- Institute of Biomedical Technologies (ITB), University of La Laguna, 38206 La Laguna, Spain;
| | - Araceli Delgado
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Pharmaceutical Technology, University of La Laguna, 38206 La Laguna, Spain (E.S.-M.); (E.P.-H.)
- Institute of Biomedical Technologies (ITB), University of La Laguna, 38206 La Laguna, Spain;
| | - Carmen Évora
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Pharmaceutical Technology, University of La Laguna, 38206 La Laguna, Spain (E.S.-M.); (E.P.-H.)
- Institute of Biomedical Technologies (ITB), University of La Laguna, 38206 La Laguna, Spain;
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Janani G, Kumar M, Chouhan D, Moses JC, Gangrade A, Bhattacharjee S, Mandal BB. Insight into Silk-Based Biomaterials: From Physicochemical Attributes to Recent Biomedical Applications. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2019; 2:5460-5491. [DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.9b00576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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Razavi M, Qiao Y, Thakor AS. Three-dimensional cryogels for biomedical applications. J Biomed Mater Res A 2019; 107:2736-2755. [PMID: 31408265 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.36777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2019] [Revised: 08/01/2019] [Accepted: 08/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Cryogels are a subset of hydrogels synthesized under sub-zero temperatures: initially solvents undergo active freezing, which causes crystal formation, which is then followed by active melting to create interconnected supermacropores. Cryogels possess several attributes suited for their use as bioscaffolds, including physical resilience, bio-adaptability, and a macroporous architecture. Furthermore, their structure facilitates cellular migration, tissue-ingrowth, and diffusion of solutes, including nano- and micro-particle trafficking, into its supermacropores. Currently, subsets of cryogels made from both natural biopolymers such as gelatin, collagen, laminin, chitosan, silk fibroin, and agarose and/or synthetic biopolymers such as hydroxyethyl methacrylate, poly-vinyl alcohol, and poly(ethylene glycol) have been employed as 3D bioscaffolds. These cryogels have been used for different applications such as cartilage, bone, muscle, nerve, cardiovascular, and lung regeneration. Cryogels have also been used in wound healing, stem cell therapy, and diabetes cellular therapy. In this review, we summarize the synthesis protocol and properties of cryogels, evaluation techniques as well as current in vitro and in vivo cryogel applications. A discussion of the potential benefit of cryogels for future research and their application are also presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehdi Razavi
- Interventional Regenerative Medicine and Imaging Laboratory, Department of Radiology, Stanford University, School of Medicine, Palo Alto, California
| | - Yang Qiao
- Texas A&M University College of Medicine, Bryan, Texas
| | - Avnesh S Thakor
- Interventional Regenerative Medicine and Imaging Laboratory, Department of Radiology, Stanford University, School of Medicine, Palo Alto, California
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Gu L, Zhang J, Li L, Du Z, Cai Q, Yang X. Hydroxyapatite nanowire composited gelatin cryogel with improved mechanical properties and cell migration for bone regeneration. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019; 14:045001. [PMID: 30939454 DOI: 10.1088/1748-605x/ab1583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Hydrogels are normally not robust enough to meet the repairing requirements of bone defects, therefore, cryogels of higher mechanical properties are developed as the more proper candidates for the purpose. In view of the organic-inorganic composition of natural bone tissues, hydroxyapatite (HA) is envisioned as a good additive for protein cryogels to achieve biomimetic compositions, additionally, as an excellent reinforcement to increase the mechanical properties of cryogels. In this study, methacrylated gelatin (GelMA) was synthesized and corresponding 3D-structured cryogel was fabricated, followed by the incorporation of HA nanowires (HANWs) at different amounts as reinforcements. The results showed that the GelMA/HANW composite cryogels possessed highly porous structure with HANWs being homogeneously distributed. The compressive strengths and mechanical stability of the composite cryogels were improved alongside the increasing contents of HANWs. These composite cryogels were proven non-cytotoxic, able to support cell proliferation and promote osteogenic differentiation of bone mesenchymal stromal cells. More importantly, their porous structure allowed cell migration within the matrix, which was normally hard to be achieved in GelMA hydrogel. With improved performance, GelMA/HANW composite cryogels were thus possibly serving as a new type of bone repair materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lihua Gu
- State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites; Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials; Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, People's Republic of China
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Liu C, Lin C, Feng X, Wu Z, Lin G, Quan C, Chen B, Zhang C. A Biomimicking Polymeric Cryogel Scaffold for Repair of Critical-Sized Cranial Defect in a Rat Model. Tissue Eng Part A 2019; 25:1591-1604. [PMID: 30950322 DOI: 10.1089/ten.tea.2018.0342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Mineralized polymeric cryogels with interconnective macroporous structure have demonstrated their potential as promising scaffolding material in bone tissue engineering. However, their capability in inducing osteogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) in vitro and osteogenesis in vivo has not been explored yet. In this work, the roles of the mineralized cryogel on osteogenesis are systematically studied. Mineralized macroporous poly(ethylene glycol)-co-2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate cryogel promotes osteogenic differentiation of rat MSCs, particularly in upregulating the activity of alkaline phosphatase (ALP, ∼5.7-folds) and expression of related osteogenic gene markers (ALP ∼16-folds, osteocalcin ∼133-folds) at 14 days. In vivo implantation reveals that mineralized cryogels could promote fast osteogenesis and angiogenesis in critical-sized cranial bone defect of a Sprague-Dawley rat model in 4 weeks. The adsorption, entrapment, and concentration of osteogenic growth factors (bone morphogenetic protein 2) and angiogenesis growth factor (vascular endothelial growth factor [VEGF]) in the matrices in vivo may possibly participate in the process of osteogenesis and angiogenesis. Notably, the adsorption of larger amount of VEGF in nonmineralized cryogels facilitates obvious angiogenesis and comparable osteogenesis in bone defect in 8 weeks. Graphical abstract [Figure: see text] Impact Statement The current work reported the fabrication and characterization of a biomimicking mineralized polymeric cryogel as scaffolding material in bone regeneration. In addition to its three dimensional porous structure and the osteogenic potential, this biomimicking scaffold was also found to enhance the adsorption of biochemical cues, which in turn greatly promoted the angiogenesis as well as the tissue regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuntao Liu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Sensor Technology and Biomedical Instruments, School of Biomedical Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, P.R. China.,School of Materials Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, , China
| | - Chaowen Lin
- Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, The First People's Hospital of FoShan (Affiliated FoShan Hospital of Sun Yet-sen University), Foshan, China
| | - Xiaoreng Feng
- Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Queen Mary Hospital, The University of Hong Kong, Pok Fu Lam, Hong Kong
| | - Zhaoying Wu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Sensor Technology and Biomedical Instruments, School of Biomedical Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Guanghu Lin
- Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Changyun Quan
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Sensor Technology and Biomedical Instruments, School of Biomedical Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Bin Chen
- Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chao Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Sensor Technology and Biomedical Instruments, School of Biomedical Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, P.R. China
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Chitosan based polymer/bioglass composites for tissue engineering applications. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2019; 96:955-967. [DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2018.12.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2018] [Revised: 11/09/2018] [Accepted: 12/09/2018] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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Memic A, Colombani T, Eggermont LJ, Rezaeeyazdi M, Steingold J, Rogers ZJ, Navare KJ, Mohammed HS, Bencherif SA. Latest Advances in Cryogel Technology for Biomedical Applications. ADVANCED THERAPEUTICS 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/adtp.201800114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 171] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Adnan Memic
- Center of NanotechnologyKing Abdulaziz University Jeddah 21589 Saudi Arabia
- Center for Biomedical EngineeringDepartment of MedicineBrigham and Women's HospitalHarvard Medical School Cambridge MA 02139 USA
- Department of Chemical EngineeringNortheastern University Boston MA 02115 USA
| | - Thibault Colombani
- Department of Chemical EngineeringNortheastern University Boston MA 02115 USA
| | - Loek J. Eggermont
- Department of Chemical EngineeringNortheastern University Boston MA 02115 USA
- Department of Tumor ImmunologyOncode Institute, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life SciencesRadboud University Medical Center Nijmegen 6500 The Netherlands
| | | | - Joseph Steingold
- Department of Pharmaceutical SciencesNortheastern University Boston MA 02115 USA
| | - Zach J. Rogers
- Department of Chemical EngineeringNortheastern University Boston MA 02115 USA
| | | | | | - Sidi A. Bencherif
- Department of Chemical EngineeringNortheastern University Boston MA 02115 USA
- Department of BioengineeringNortheastern University Boston MA 02115 USA
- Harvard John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied SciencesHarvard University Cambridge MA 02138 USA
- Sorbonne UniversityUTC CNRS UMR 7338Biomechanics and Bioengineering (BMBI)University of Technology of Compiègne Compiègne 60159 France
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Abstract
The application of interconnected supermacroporous cryogels as support matrices for the purification, separation and immobilization of whole cells and different biological macromolecules has been well reported in literature. Cryogels have advantages over traditional gel carriers in the field of biochromatography and related biomedical applications. These matrices nearly mimic the three-dimensional structure of native tissue extracellular matrix. In addition, mechanical, osmotic and chemical stability of cryogels make them attractive polymeric materials for the construction of scaffolds in tissue engineering applications and in vitro cell culture, separation materials for many different processes such as immobilization of biomolecules, capturing of target molecules, and controlled drug delivery. The low mass transfer resistance of cryogel matrices makes them useful in chromatographic applications with the immobilization of different affinity ligands to these materials. Cryogels have been introduced as gel matrices prepared using partially frozen monomer or polymer solutions at temperature below zero. These materials can be produced with different shapes and are of interest in the therapeutic area. This review highlights the recent advances in cryogelation technologies by emphasizing their biomedical applications to supply an overview of their rising stars day to day.
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Teotia AK, Raina DB, Isaksson H, Tägil M, Lidgren L, Seppälä J, Kumar A. Composite bilayered scaffolds with bio-functionalized ceramics for cranial bone defects: An in vivo evaluation. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019. [DOI: 10.1088/2399-7532/aafc5b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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34
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Guided tissue engineering for healing of cancellous and cortical bone using a combination of biomaterial based scaffolding and local bone active molecule delivery. Biomaterials 2019; 188:38-49. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2018.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2018] [Revised: 09/15/2018] [Accepted: 10/04/2018] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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35
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Qayoom I, Raina DB, Širka A, Tarasevičius Š, Tägil M, Kumar A, Lidgren L. Anabolic and antiresorptive actions of locally delivered bisphosphonates for bone repair: A review. Bone Joint Res 2018; 7:548-560. [PMID: 30464835 PMCID: PMC6215244 DOI: 10.1302/2046-3758.710.bjr-2018-0015.r2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
During the last decades, several research groups have used bisphosphonates for local application to counteract secondary bone resorption after bone grafting, to improve implant fixation or to control bone resorption caused by bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs). We focused on zoledronate (a bisphosphonate) due to its greater antiresorptive potential over other bisphosphonates. Recently, it has become obvious that the carrier is of importance to modulate the concentration and elution profile of the zoledronic acid locally. Incorporating one fifth of the recommended systemic dose of zoledronate with different apatite matrices and types of bone defects has been shown to enhance bone regeneration significantly in vivo. We expect the local delivery of zoledronate to overcome the limitations and side effects associated with systemic usage; however, we need to know more about the bioavailability and the biological effects. The local use of BMP-2 and zoledronate as a combination has a proven additional effect on bone regeneration. This review focuses primarily on the local use of zoledronate alone, or in combination with bone anabolic factors, in various preclinical models mimicking different orthopaedic conditions. Cite this article: I. Qayoom, D. B. Raina, A. Širka, Š. Tarasevičius, M. Tägil, A. Kumar, L. Lidgren. Anabolic and antiresorptive actions of locally delivered bisphosphonates for bone repair: A review. Bone Joint Res 2018;7:548–560. DOI: 10.1302/2046-3758.710.BJR-2018-0015.R2.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Qayoom
- Department of Biological Sciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Kanpur, India
| | - D B Raina
- Department of Orthopedics, The Medical Faculty, Clinical Sciences Lund, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - A Širka
- Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Š Tarasevičius
- Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - M Tägil
- Department of Orthopedics, The Medical Faculty, Clinical Sciences Lund, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - A Kumar
- Department of Biological Sciences and Bioengineering; Centre for Environmental Sciences and Engineering; Centre for Nanosciences, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur, India
| | - L Lidgren
- Department of Orthopedics, The Medical Faculty, Clinical Sciences Lund, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
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Wubneh A, Tsekoura EK, Ayranci C, Uludağ H. Current state of fabrication technologies and materials for bone tissue engineering. Acta Biomater 2018; 80:1-30. [PMID: 30248515 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2018.09.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 322] [Impact Index Per Article: 46.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2018] [Revised: 09/18/2018] [Accepted: 09/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
A range of traditional and free-form fabrication technologies have been investigated and, in numerous occasions, commercialized for use in the field of regenerative tissue engineering (TE). The demand for technologies capable of treating bone defects inherently difficult to repair has been on the rise. This quest, accompanied by the advent of functionally tailored, biocompatible, and biodegradable materials, has garnered an enormous research interest in bone TE. As a result, different materials and fabrication methods have been investigated towards this end, leading to a deeper understanding of the geometrical, mechanical and biological requirements associated with bone scaffolds. As our understanding of the scaffold requirements expands, so do the capability requirements of the fabrication processes. The goal of this review is to provide a broad examination of existing scaffold fabrication processes and highlight future trends in their development. To appreciate the clinical requirements of bone scaffolds, a brief review of the biological process by which bone regenerates itself is presented first. This is followed by a summary and comparisons of commonly used implant techniques to highlight the advantages of TE-based approaches over traditional grafting methods. A detailed discussion on the clinical and mechanical requirements of bone scaffolds then follows. The remainder of the manuscript is dedicated to current scaffold fabrication methods, their unique capabilities and perceived shortcomings. The range of biomaterials employed in each fabrication method is summarized. Selected traditional and non-traditional fabrication methods are discussed with a highlight on their future potential from the authors' perspective. This study is motivated by the rapidly growing demand for effective scaffold fabrication processes capable of economically producing constructs with intricate and precisely controlled internal and external architectures. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: The manuscript summarizes the current state of fabrication technologies and materials used for creating scaffolds in bone tissue engineering applications. A comprehensive analysis of different fabrication methods (traditional and free-form) were summarized in this review paper, with emphasis on recent developments in the field. The fabrication techniques suitable for creating scaffolds for tissue engineering was particularly targeted and their use in bone tissue engineering were articulated. Along with the fabrication techniques, we emphasized the choice of materials in these processes. Considering the limitations of each process, we highlighted the materials and the material properties critical in that particular process and provided a brief rational for the choice of the materials. The functional performance for bone tissue engineering are summarized for different fabrication processes and the choice of biomaterials. Finally, we provide a perspective on the future of the field, highlighting the knowledge gaps and promising avenues in pursuit of effective scaffolds for bone tissue engineering. This extensive review of the field will provide research community with a reference source for current approaches to scaffold preparation. We hope to encourage the researchers to generate next generation biomaterials to be used in these fabrication processes. By providing both advantages and disadvantage of each fabrication method in detail, new fabrication techniques might be devised that will overcome the limitations of the current approaches. These studies should facilitate the efforts of researchers interested in generating ideal scaffolds, and should have applications beyond the repair of bone tissue.
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Širka A, Raina DB, Isaksson H, Tanner KE, Smailys A, Kumar A, Tarasevičius Š, Tägil M, Lidgren L. Calcium Sulphate/Hydroxyapatite Carrier for Bone Formation in the Femoral Neck of Osteoporotic Rats. Tissue Eng Part A 2018; 24:1753-1764. [PMID: 29855219 PMCID: PMC6302674 DOI: 10.1089/ten.tea.2018.0075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
This study investigated bone regeneration in the femoral neck canal of osteoporotic rats using a novel animal model. A calcium sulphate (CS)/hydroxyapatite (HA) carrier was used to deliver a bisphosphonate, zoledronic acid (ZA), locally, with or without added recombinant human bone morphogenic protein-2 (rhBMP-2). Twenty-eight-week-old ovariectomized Sprague–Dawley rats were used. A 1 mm diameter and 8 mm long defect was created in the femoral neck by drilling from the lateral cortex in the axis of the femoral neck, leaving the surrounding cortex intact. Three treatment groups and one control group were used: (1) CS/HA alone, (2) CS/HA + ZA (10 μg) (3) CS/HA + ZA (10 μg) + rhBMP-2 (4 μg), and (4) empty defect (control). The bone formation was assessed at 4 weeks post surgery using in vivo micro computed tomography (micro-CT). At 8 weeks post surgery, the animals were sacrificed, and both defect and contralateral femurs were subjected to micro-CT, mechanical testing, and histology. Micro-CT results showed that the combination of CS/HA with ZA or ZA + rhBMP-2 increased the bone formation in the defect when compared to the other groups and to the contralateral hips. Evidence of new dense bone formation in CS/HA + ZA and CS/HA + ZA + rhBMP-2 groups was seen histologically. Mechanical testing results showed no differences in the load to fracture between the treatments in either of the treated or contralateral legs. The CS/HA biomaterial can be used as a carrier for ZA and rhBMP-2 to regenerate bone in the femoral neck canal of osteoporotic rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aurimas Širka
- Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Kaunas, Lithuania.,Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Orthopedics, Faculty of Medicine; Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Deepak Bushan Raina
- Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Orthopedics, Faculty of Medicine; Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Hanna Isaksson
- Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Orthopedics, Faculty of Medicine; Lund University, Lund, Sweden.,Department of Biomedical Engineering; Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - K Elizabeth Tanner
- Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Orthopedics, Faculty of Medicine; Lund University, Lund, Sweden.,School of Engineering, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Alfredas Smailys
- Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Ashok Kumar
- Department of Biological Sciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Šarūnas Tarasevičius
- Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Magnus Tägil
- Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Orthopedics, Faculty of Medicine; Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Lars Lidgren
- Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Orthopedics, Faculty of Medicine; Lund University, Lund, Sweden
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Wang J, Yang H. Superelastic and pH-Responsive Degradable Dendrimer Cryogels Prepared by Cryo-aza-Michael Addition Reaction. Sci Rep 2018; 8:7155. [PMID: 29740011 PMCID: PMC5940921 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-25456-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2017] [Accepted: 04/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Dendrimers exhibit super atomistic features by virtue of their well-defined discrete quantized nanoscale structures. Here, we show that hyperbranched amine-terminated polyamidoamine (PAMAM) dendrimer G4.0 reacts with linear polyethylene glycol (PEG) diacrylate (575 g/mol) via the aza-Michael addition reaction at a subzero temperature (-20 °C), namely cryo-aza-Michael addition, to form a macroporous superelastic network, i.e., dendrimer cryogel. Dendrimer cryogels exhibit biologically relevant Young's modulus, high compression elasticity and super resilience at ambient temperature. Furthermore, the dendrimer cryogels exhibit excellent rebound performance and do not show significant stress relaxation under cyclic deformation over a wide temperature range (-80 to 100 °C). The obtained dendrimer cryogels are stable at acidic pH but degrade quickly at physiological pH through self-triggered degradation. Taken together, dendrimer cryogels represent a new class of scaffolds with properties suitable for biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Wang
- Department of Chemical and Life Science Engineering, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, 23219, United States
| | - Hu Yang
- Department of Chemical and Life Science Engineering, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, 23219, United States. .,Department of Pharmaceutics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, 23298, United States. .,Massey Cancer Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, 23298, United States.
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Kim I, Lee SS, Bae S, Lee H, Hwang NS. Heparin Functionalized Injectable Cryogel with Rapid Shape-Recovery Property for Neovascularization. Biomacromolecules 2018; 19:2257-2269. [PMID: 29689163 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.8b00331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Cryogel based scaffolds have high porosity with interconnected macropores that may provide cell compatible microenvironment. In addition, cryogel based scaffolds can be utilized in minimally invasive surgery due to its sponge-like properties, including rapid shape recovery and injectability. Herein, we developed an injectable cryogel by conjugating heparin to gelatin as a carrier for vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and fibroblasts in hindlimb ischemic disease. Our gelatin/heparin cryogel showed gelatin concentration-dependent mechanical properties, swelling ratios, interconnected porosities, and elasticities. In addition, controlled release of VEGF led to effective angiogenic responses both in vitro and in vivo. Furthermore, its sponge-like properties enabled cryogels to be applied as an injectable carrier system for in vivo cells and growth factor delivery. Our heparin functionalized injectable cryogel facilitated the angiogenic potential by facilitating neovascularization in a hindlimb ischemia model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inseon Kim
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, the Institute of Chemical Processes , Seoul National University , Seoul , 08826 , Republic of Korea
| | - Seunghun S Lee
- Interdisciplinary Program in Bioengineering , Seoul National University , Seoul , 08826 , Republic of Korea
| | - Sunghoon Bae
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, the Institute of Chemical Processes , Seoul National University , Seoul , 08826 , Republic of Korea
| | - Hoyon Lee
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, the Institute of Chemical Processes , Seoul National University , Seoul , 08826 , Republic of Korea
| | - Nathaniel S Hwang
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, the Institute of Chemical Processes , Seoul National University , Seoul , 08826 , Republic of Korea.,Interdisciplinary Program in Bioengineering , Seoul National University , Seoul , 08826 , Republic of Korea.,BioMAX/N-Bio Institute , Seoul National University , Seoul , 08826 , Republic of Korea
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Teotia AK, Qayoom I, Kumar A. Endogenous Platelet-Rich Plasma Supplements/Augments Growth Factors Delivered via Porous Collagen-Nanohydroxyapatite Bone Substitute for Enhanced Bone Formation. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2018; 5:56-69. [DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.8b00227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Arun K. Teotia
- Department of Biological Sciences and Bioengineering; Center for Environmental Science and Engineering; Center for Nanosciences, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur 208016, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Irfan Qayoom
- Department of Biological Sciences and Bioengineering; Center for Environmental Science and Engineering; Center for Nanosciences, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur 208016, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Ashok Kumar
- Department of Biological Sciences and Bioengineering; Center for Environmental Science and Engineering; Center for Nanosciences, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur 208016, Uttar Pradesh, India
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Raina DB, Larsson D, Mrkonjic F, Isaksson H, Kumar A, Lidgren L, Tägil M. Gelatin- hydroxyapatite- calcium sulphate based biomaterial for long term sustained delivery of bone morphogenic protein-2 and zoledronic acid for increased bone formation: In-vitro and in-vivo carrier properties. J Control Release 2018; 272:83-96. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2018.01.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2017] [Revised: 12/30/2017] [Accepted: 01/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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Hixon KR, Lu T, Sell SA. A comprehensive review of cryogels and their roles in tissue engineering applications. Acta Biomater 2017; 62:29-41. [PMID: 28851666 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2017.08.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 179] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2017] [Revised: 08/01/2017] [Accepted: 08/25/2017] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The extracellular matrix is fundamental in providing an appropriate environment for cell interaction and signaling to occur. Replicating such a matrix is advantageous in the support of tissue ingrowth and regeneration through the field of tissue engineering. While scaffolds can be fabricated in many ways, cryogels have recently become a popular approach due to their macroporous structure and durability. Produced through the crosslinking of gel precursors followed by a subsequent controlled freeze/thaw cycle, the resulting cryogel provides a unique, sponge-like structure. Therefore, cryogels have proven advantageous for many tissue engineering applications including roles in bioreactor systems, cell separation, and scaffolding. Specifically, the matrix has been demonstrated to encourage the production of various molecules, such as antibodies, and has also been used for cryopreservation. Cryogels can pose as a bioreactor for the expansion of cell lines, as well as a vehicle for cell separation. Lastly, this matrix has shown excellent potential as a tissue engineered scaffold, encouraging regrowth at numerous damaged tissue sites in vivo. This review will briefly discuss the fabrication of cryogels, with an emphasis placed on their application in various facets of tissue engineering to provide an overview of this unique scaffold's past and future roles. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE Cryogels are unique scaffolds produced through the controlled freezing and thawing of a polymer solution. There is an ever-growing body of literature that demonstrates their applicability in the realm of tissue engineering as extracellular matrix analogue scaffolds; with extensive information having been provided regarding the fabrication, porosity, and mechanical integrity of the scaffolds. Additionally, cryogels have been reviewed with respect to their role in bioseparation and as cellular incubators. This all-inclusive view of the roles that cryogels can play is critical to advancing the technology and expanding its niche within biomaterials and tissue engineering research. To the best of the authors' knowledge, this is the first comprehensive review of cryogel applications in tissue engineering that includes specific looks at their growing roles as extracellular matrix analogues, incubators, and in bioseparation processes.
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Suner SS, Sahiner N. Humic acid particle embedded super porous gum Arabic cryogel network for versatile use. POLYM ADVAN TECHNOL 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/pat.4097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Selin Sagbas Suner
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Sciences and Arts; Canakkale Onsekiz Mart University; Canakkale Turkey
| | - Nurettin Sahiner
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Sciences and Arts; Canakkale Onsekiz Mart University; Canakkale Turkey
- Nanoscience and Technology Research and Application Center (NANORAC); Terzioglu Campus 17100 Canakkale Turkey
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