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OTSUKA N, ISHIMARU K, MURAKAMI M, GOTO M, HIRATA A, SAKAI H. The immunohistochemical detection of peroxiredoxin 1 and 2 in canine spontaneous vascular endothelial tumors. J Vet Med Sci 2022; 84:914-923. [PMID: 35584951 PMCID: PMC9353087 DOI: 10.1292/jvms.22-0102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2022] [Accepted: 05/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Peroxiredoxin (PRDX) is an antioxidant enzyme family with six isoforms (PRDX1-6). The main function of PRDXs is to decrease cellular oxidative stress by reducing reactive oxygen species, such as hydrogen peroxide, to H2O. Recently, it has been reported that PRDXs are overexpressed in various malignant tumors in humans, and are involved in the development, proliferation, and metastasis of tumors. However, studies on the expression of PRDXs in tumors of animals are limited. Therefore, in the present study, we immunohistochemically investigated the expression of PRDX1 and 2 in spontaneous canine hemangiosarcoma (HSA) and hemangioma (HA), as well as in selected normal tissue and granulation tissue, including newly formed blood vessels. Although there were some exceptions, immunolocalization of PRDX1 and 2 in normal canine tissues was similar to those in humans, rats, or mice. In granulation tissue, angiogenic endothelial cells were strongly positive for PRDX1 and 2, whereas quiescent endothelial cells in mature vessels were negative. Both PRDX1 and 2 were significantly highly expressed in HSA compared to HA. There were no significant differences in the expression of PRDX1 and 2 among the subtypes and primary sites of HSA. These results suggest that PRDX1 and 2 may be involved in the angiogenic phenotypes of endothelial cells in granulation tissue as well as in the behavior in the malignant endothelial tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Narumi OTSUKA
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pathology, Joint Graduate School of Veterinary Sciences, Gifu University, Gifu, Japan
| | - Kairi ISHIMARU
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pathology, Faculty of Applied Biological Sciences, Gifu University, Gifu, Japan
| | - Mami MURAKAMI
- Laboratory of Veterinary Clinical Oncology, Faculty of Applied Biological Sciences, Gifu University, Gifu, Japan
| | - Minami GOTO
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pathology, Faculty of Applied Biological Sciences, Gifu University, Gifu, Japan
| | - Akihiro HIRATA
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pathology, Joint Graduate School of Veterinary Sciences, Gifu University, Gifu, Japan
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pathology, Faculty of Applied Biological Sciences, Gifu University, Gifu, Japan
| | - Hiroki SAKAI
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pathology, Joint Graduate School of Veterinary Sciences, Gifu University, Gifu, Japan
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pathology, Faculty of Applied Biological Sciences, Gifu University, Gifu, Japan
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2
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Pacifici F, Della-Morte D, Capuani B, Coppola A, Scioli MG, Donadel G, Andreadi A, Ciccosanti F, Fimia GM, Bellia A, Orlandi A, Lauro D. Peroxiredoxin 6 Modulates Insulin Secretion and Beta Cell Death via a Mitochondrial Dynamic Network. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:842575. [PMID: 35370943 PMCID: PMC8971298 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.842575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2021] [Accepted: 02/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
In pancreatic beta cells, mitochondrial metabolism controls glucose-stimulated insulin secretion (GSIS) by ATP production, redox signaling, and calcium (Ca2+) handling. Previously, we demonstrated that knockout mice for peroxiredoxin 6 (Prdx6-/- ), an antioxidant enzyme with both peroxidase and phospholipase A2 activity, develop a mild form of diabetes mellitus with a reduction in GSIS and in peripheral insulin sensitivity. However, whether the defect of GSIS present in these mice is directly modulated by Prdx6 is unknown. Therefore, the main goal of the present study was to evaluate if depletion of Prdx6 affects directly GSIS and pancreatic beta β-cell function. Murine pancreatic β-cell line (βTC6) knockdown for Prdx6 (Prdx6KD) was employed, and insulin secretion, ATP, and intracellular Ca2+ content were assessed in response to glucose stimulation. Mitochondrial morphology and function were also evaluated through electron microscopy, and by testing mitochondrial membrane potential, oxygen consumption, and mitochondrial mass. Prdx6KD cells showed a significant reduction in GSIS as confirmed by decrease in both ATP release and Ca2+ influx. GSIS alteration was also demonstrated by a marked impairment of mitochondrial morphology and function. These latest are mainly linked to mitofusin downregulation, which are, in turn, strictly related to mitochondrial homeostasis (by regulating autophagy) and cell fate (by modulating apoptosis). Following a pro-inflammatory stimulus (typical of diabetic subjects), and in agreement with the deregulation of mitofusin steady-state levels, we also observed an enhancement in apoptotic death in Prdx6KD compared to control cells. We analyzed molecular mechanisms leading to apoptosis, and we further demonstrated that Prdx6 suppression activates both intrinsic and extrinsic apoptotic pathways, ultimately leading to caspase 3 and PARP-1 activation. In conclusion, Prdx6 is the first antioxidant enzyme, in pancreatic β-cells, that by controlling mitochondrial homeostasis plays a pivotal role in GSIS modulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Pacifici
- Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome “Tor Vergata”, Rome, Italy
| | - David Della-Morte
- Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome “Tor Vergata”, Rome, Italy
- Department of Human Sciences and Quality of Life Promotion, San Raffaele University, Rome, Italy
- Department of Neurology and Evelyn F. McKnight Brain Institute, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL, United States
| | - Barbara Capuani
- Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome “Tor Vergata”, Rome, Italy
| | - Andrea Coppola
- Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome “Tor Vergata”, Rome, Italy
| | - Maria Giovanna Scioli
- Anatomic Pathology, Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Rome “Tor Vergata”, Rome, Italy
| | - Giulia Donadel
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Translational Medicine, University of Rome “Tor Vergata”, Rome, Italy
| | - Aikaterini Andreadi
- Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome “Tor Vergata”, Rome, Italy
| | - Fabiola Ciccosanti
- Department of Epidemiology, Preclinical Research and Advanced Diagnostics, National Institute for Infectious Diseases L. Spallanzani, Istituto Di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), Rome, Italy
| | - Gian Maria Fimia
- Department of Epidemiology, Preclinical Research and Advanced Diagnostics, National Institute for Infectious Diseases L. Spallanzani, Istituto Di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), Rome, Italy
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Alfonso Bellia
- Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome “Tor Vergata”, Rome, Italy
| | - Augusto Orlandi
- Anatomic Pathology, Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Rome “Tor Vergata”, Rome, Italy
| | - Davide Lauro
- Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome “Tor Vergata”, Rome, Italy
- Department of Medical Sciences, Fondazione Policlinico Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
- *Correspondence: Davide Lauro,
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3
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Salovska B, Kondelova A, Pimkova K, Liblova Z, Pribyl M, Fabrik I, Bartek J, Vajrychova M, Hodny Z. Peroxiredoxin 6 protects irradiated cells from oxidative stress and shapes their senescence-associated cytokine landscape. Redox Biol 2021; 49:102212. [PMID: 34923300 PMCID: PMC8688892 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2021.102212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2021] [Accepted: 12/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Cellular senescence is a complex stress response defined as an essentially irreversible cell cycle arrest mediated by the inhibition of cell cycle-specific cyclin dependent kinases. The imbalance in redox homeostasis and oxidative stress have been repeatedly observed as one of the hallmarks of the senescent phenotype. However, a large-scale study investigating protein oxidation and redox signaling in senescent cells in vitro has been lacking. Here we applied a proteome-wide analysis using SILAC-iodoTMT workflow to quantitatively estimate the level of protein sulfhydryl oxidation and proteome level changes in ionizing radiation-induced senescence (IRIS) in hTERT-RPE-1 cells. We observed that senescent cells mobilized the antioxidant system to buffer the increased oxidation stress. Among the antioxidant proteins with increased relative abundance in IRIS, a unique 1-Cys peroxiredoxin family member, peroxiredoxin 6 (PRDX6), was identified as an important contributor to protection against oxidative stress. PRDX6 silencing increased ROS production in senescent cells, decreased their resistance to oxidative stress-induced cell death, and impaired their viability. Subsequent SILAC-iodoTMT and secretome analysis after PRDX6 silencing showed the downregulation of PRDX6 in IRIS affected protein secretory pathways, decreased expression of extracellular matrix proteins, and led to unexpected attenuation of senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP). The latter was exemplified by decreased secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokine IL-6 which was also confirmed after treatment with an inhibitor of PRDX6 iPLA2 activity, MJ33. In conclusion, by combining different methodological approaches we discovered a novel role of PRDX6 in senescent cell viability and SASP development. Our results suggest PRDX6 could have a potential as a drug target for senolytic or senomodulatory therapy. SILAC-iodoTMT is a powerful tool to quantify redox imbalance in IRIS. Senescence in hTERT-RPE-1 cells is not accompanied by bulk cysteine oxidation. Antioxidant proteins are upregulated in senescent hTERT-RPE-1 cells. PRDX6 silencing affects redox homeostasis and viability of senescent cells. PRDX6 silencing alters secretome of senescent RPE-1 cells and suppresses IL-6.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbora Salovska
- Department of Genome Integrity, Institute of Molecular Genetics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Alexandra Kondelova
- Department of Genome Integrity, Institute of Molecular Genetics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Kristyna Pimkova
- Biomedical Research Center, University Hospital Hradec Kralove, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic; BIOCEV, 1st Medical Faculty, Charles University, Vestec, Czech Republic
| | - Zuzana Liblova
- Department of Genome Integrity, Institute of Molecular Genetics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Miroslav Pribyl
- Department of Genome Integrity, Institute of Molecular Genetics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Ivo Fabrik
- Biomedical Research Center, University Hospital Hradec Kralove, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Jiri Bartek
- Department of Genome Integrity, Institute of Molecular Genetics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic; Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Copenhagen, Denmark; Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Division of Genome Biology, Science for Life Laboratory, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Marie Vajrychova
- Biomedical Research Center, University Hospital Hradec Kralove, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic.
| | - Zdenek Hodny
- Department of Genome Integrity, Institute of Molecular Genetics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic.
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Peroxiredoxin 4 directly affects the male fertility outcome in porcine. Theriogenology 2021; 171:85-93. [PMID: 34051589 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2021.05.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2020] [Revised: 04/08/2021] [Accepted: 05/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Peroxiredoxins (Prdxs) are known to play a critical role in regulating male fertility as antioxidant enzymes. Although several studies have suggested a close association between Prdxs and male fertility, few studies have explored the efficacy of Prdxs to predict male fertility. Therefore, the current study was designed to discover the most efficient biomarkers among the Prdxs with six isoforms. Our study showed a significant positive correlation between the litter size and the levels of PRDX 4 among all isoforms in spermatozoa. Subsequently, a regression analysis using a combination of markers was conducted to increase efficacy for fertility prediction. Nevertheless, PRDX4 had the highest efficacy compared to other combination models to predict litter size. The prediction accuracy of male fertility was further evaluated through receiver operating characteristic curve analysis, which showed that PRDX 4 could predict the litter size with high overall accuracy of 95%. Moreover, litter size was increased by 1.55 piglets after predicting high litter size using PRDX 4. This is the first study to comprehensively elucidate the role of all isoforms of PRDXs on male fertility to the best of our knowledge. PRDX 4 was tested and evaluated up to a practical level. Data here reported suggesting PRDX 4 marker allowed the highest accuracy for male fertility prediction and diagnosis, leading to a measurable improvement in the male fertility outcome.
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Althurwi SI, Yu JQ, Beale P, Huq F. Sequenced Combinations of Cisplatin and Selected Phytochemicals towards Overcoming Drug Resistance in Ovarian Tumour Models. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21207500. [PMID: 33053689 PMCID: PMC7589098 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21207500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2020] [Revised: 09/27/2020] [Accepted: 10/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
In the present study, cisplatin, artemisinin, and oleanolic acid were evaluated alone, and in combination, on human ovarian A2780, A2780ZD0473R, and A2780cisR cancer cell lines, with the aim of overcoming cisplatin resistance and side effects. Cytotoxicity was assessed by MTT reduction assay. Combination index (CI) values were used as a measure of combined drug effect. MALDI TOF/TOF MS/MS and 2-DE gel electrophoresis were used to identify protein biomarkers in ovarian cancer and to evaluate combination effects. Synergism from combinations was dependent on concentration and sequence of administration. Generally, bolus was most synergistic. Moreover, 49 proteins differently expressed by 2 ≥ fold were: CYPA, EIF5A1, Op18, p18, LDHB, P4HB, HSP7C, GRP94, ERp57, mortalin, IMMT, CLIC1, NM23, PSA3,1433Z, and HSP90B were down-regulated, whereas hnRNPA1, hnRNPA2/B1, EF2, GOT1, EF1A1, VIME, BIP, ATP5H, APG2, VINC, KPYM, RAN, PSA7, TPI, PGK1, ACTG and VDAC1 were up-regulated, while TCPA, TCPH, TCPB, PRDX6, EF1G, ATPA, ENOA, PRDX1, MCM7, GBLP, PSAT, Hop, EFTU, PGAM1, SERA and CAH2 were not-expressed in A2780cisR cells. The proteins were found to play critical roles in cell cycle regulation, metabolism, and biosynthetic processes and drug resistance and detoxification. Results indicate that appropriately sequenced combinations of cisplatin with artemisinin (ART) and oleanolic acid (OA) may provide a means to reduce side effects and circumvent platinum resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Safiah Ibrahim Althurwi
- School of Medical Sciences, University of Sydney, Sydney NSW 2006, Australia; (S.I.A.); (J.Q.Y.)
| | - Jun Q. Yu
- School of Medical Sciences, University of Sydney, Sydney NSW 2006, Australia; (S.I.A.); (J.Q.Y.)
| | - Philip Beale
- Department of Medical Oncology, Concord Repatriation General Hospital, Concord NSW 2137, Australia;
| | - Fazlul Huq
- Eman Research Ltd., Canberra ACT 2609, Australia
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +61-411235462
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6
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Abd-Ellatieff H, Anwar S, Abas O, Abou-Rawash AR, Fukushi H, Yanai T. Correlation of Immunomodulatory Cytokine Expression with Histopathological Changes and Viral Antigen in a Hamster Model of Equine Herpesvirus-9 Encephalitis. J Comp Pathol 2020; 180:46-54. [PMID: 33222873 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcpa.2020.07.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2020] [Revised: 06/06/2020] [Accepted: 07/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
A group of hamsters (n = 25) was intranasally infected with equine herpesvirus-9 (EHV-9) and mRNA transcription levels of several proinflammatory (IFN-γ, TNF-α and IL-6) and anti-inflammatory (IL-4, IL-10 and TGF-β) cytokines were investigated in brain tissue using RT-qPCR. These levels were correlated with the severity of sequential histopathological changes and intensity of immunohistochemical labelling of virus antigen in brain. Early and progressive upregulation of all the proinflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines investigated (P < 0.05) was correlated with increasing severity of encephalitis and viral antigen expression from 2 days post infection (dpi) with a peak at 4-5 dpi (P <0.05).
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Affiliation(s)
- Hoda Abd-Ellatieff
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Damanhour University, El-Beheira, Egypt
| | - Shehata Anwar
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt; Neuroscience Laboratory, CHU de Québec Research Centre, Department of Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Laval University, Canada
| | - Osama Abas
- Department of Animal Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Abdel-Rhman Abou-Rawash
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Damanhour University, El-Beheira, Egypt
| | - Hiadeto Fukushi
- Laboratory of Veterinary Microbiology, Faculty of Applied Biological Sciences, Gifu University, Yanagido, Gifu, Japan
| | - Tokuma Yanai
- Laboratory of Wildlife and Forensic Pathology, Biomedical Science Examination and Research Center, Okayama University of Science, Ehime, Japan.
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7
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López Grueso MJ, Tarradas Valero RM, Carmona-Hidalgo B, Lagal Ruiz DJ, Peinado J, McDonagh B, Requejo Aguilar R, Bárcena Ruiz JA, Padilla Peña CA. Peroxiredoxin 6 Down-Regulation Induces Metabolic Remodeling and Cell Cycle Arrest in HepG2 Cells. Antioxidants (Basel) 2019; 8:E505. [PMID: 31652719 PMCID: PMC6912460 DOI: 10.3390/antiox8110505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2019] [Revised: 10/16/2019] [Accepted: 10/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Peroxiredoxin 6 (Prdx6) is the only member of 1-Cys subfamily of peroxiredoxins in human cells. It is the only Prdx acting on phospholipid hydroperoxides possessing two additional sites with phospholipase A2 (PLA2) and lysophosphatidylcholine-acyl transferase (LPCAT) activities. There are contrasting reports on the roles and mechanisms of multifunctional Prdx6 in several pathologies and on its sensitivity to, and influence on, the redox environment. We have down-regulated Prdx6 with specific siRNA in hepatoblastoma HepG2 cells to study its role in cell proliferation, redox homeostasis, and metabolic programming. Cell proliferation and cell number decreased while cell volume increased; import of glucose and nucleotide biosynthesis also diminished while polyamines, phospholipids, and most glycolipids increased. A proteomic quantitative analysis suggested changes in membrane arrangement and vesicle trafficking as well as redox changes in enzymes of carbon and glutathione metabolism, pentose-phosphate pathway, citrate cycle, fatty acid metabolism, biosynthesis of aminoacids, and Glycolysis/Gluconeogenesis. Specific redox changes in Hexokinase-2 (HK2), Prdx6, intracellular chloride ion channel-1 (CLIC1), PEP-carboxykinase-2 (PCK2), and 3-phosphoglycerate dehydrogenase (PHGDH) are compatible with the metabolic remodeling toward a predominant gluconeogenic flow from aminoacids with diversion at 3-phospohglycerate toward serine and other biosynthetic pathways thereon and with cell cycle arrest at G1/S transition.
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Affiliation(s)
- María José López Grueso
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Córdoba, 14074 Córdoba, Spain.
| | | | - Beatriz Carmona-Hidalgo
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Córdoba, 14074 Córdoba, Spain.
| | - Daniel José Lagal Ruiz
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Córdoba, 14074 Córdoba, Spain.
| | - José Peinado
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Córdoba, 14074 Córdoba, Spain.
- Maimónides Biomedical Research Institute of Córdoba (IMIBIC), 14004 Córdoba, Spain.
| | - Brian McDonagh
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, NUI Galway, H91 TK33 Galway, Ireland.
| | - Raquel Requejo Aguilar
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Córdoba, 14074 Córdoba, Spain.
- Maimónides Biomedical Research Institute of Córdoba (IMIBIC), 14004 Córdoba, Spain.
| | - José Antonio Bárcena Ruiz
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Córdoba, 14074 Córdoba, Spain.
- Maimónides Biomedical Research Institute of Córdoba (IMIBIC), 14004 Córdoba, Spain.
| | - Carmen Alicia Padilla Peña
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Córdoba, 14074 Córdoba, Spain.
- Maimónides Biomedical Research Institute of Córdoba (IMIBIC), 14004 Córdoba, Spain.
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8
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Zha X, Wu G, Zhang H, Yang Y, Zhang Y, Ma L. PRDX6 regulates the H2O2 and blue light-induced APRE-19 cell apoptosis via down-regulating and interacting with RARA. Anim Cells Syst (Seoul) 2019; 23:241-245. [PMID: 31489244 PMCID: PMC6711153 DOI: 10.1080/19768354.2019.1592021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2018] [Accepted: 12/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Hereditary retinal disease (HRD) is the primary retinal degeneration that leads to severe visual impairments and refractory blindness, and the therapy of HRD was most important in ophthalmology. The apoptosis of retinal cells plays important roles in HRD progression. Therefore, in this study, we explore the mechanism of H2O2 and blue light-induced apoptosis of ARPE-19 cells. Co-immunoprecipitation (Co-IP) is employed to test the interactions between proteins, and western blotting is used to detect the protein levels. Apoptosis is analyzed by Flow cytometry. Our results found that PRDX6 could interact with RARA in ARPE-19 cells, and H2O2 and blue light could significantly reduce the RARA protein expression, and also could inhibit the interaction between PRDX6 and RARA. Using a rescue experiment, we further elucidated that H2O2 and blue light reduced the RARA expression via down-regulating PRDX6. And H2O2 and blue light induced the ARPE-19 cell apoptosis via decreasing the expression of PRDX6. Our results suggested that the interaction between PRDX6 and RARA played important roles in the apoptosis of ARPE-19 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu Zha
- Department of the Ophthalmology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, People's Republic of China
| | - Guojiu Wu
- Department of the Ophthalmology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, People's Republic of China
| | - Hong Zhang
- Department of the Ophthalmology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanni Yang
- Department of the Ophthalmology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuanping Zhang
- Department of the Ophthalmology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, People's Republic of China
| | - Linkun Ma
- Department of the Ophthalmology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, People's Republic of China
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9
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Pacifici F, Della Morte D, Capuani B, Pastore D, Bellia A, Sbraccia P, Di Daniele N, Lauro R, Lauro D. Peroxiredoxin6, a Multitask Antioxidant Enzyme Involved in the Pathophysiology of Chronic Noncommunicable Diseases. Antioxid Redox Signal 2019; 30:399-414. [PMID: 29160110 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2017.7427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
SIGNIFICANCE Chronic noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) are the leading causes of disability and death worldwide. NCDs mainly comprise diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular diseases, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, cancer, and neurological degenerative diseases, which kill more than 80% of population, especially the elderly, worldwide. Recent Advances: Several recent theories established NCDs as multifactorial diseases, where a combination of genetic, epigenetic, and environmental factors contributes to their pathogenesis. Nevertheless, recent findings suggest that the common factor linking all these pathologies is an increase in oxidative stress and the age-related loss of the antioxidant mechanisms of defense against it. Impairment in mitochondrial homeostasis with consequent deregulation in oxidative stress balance has also been suggested. CRITICAL ISSUES Therefore, antioxidant proteins deserve particular attention for their potential role against NCDs. In particular, peroxiredoxin(Prdx)6 is a unique antioxidant enzyme, belonging to the Prdx family, with double properties, peroxidase and phospholipase activities. Through these activities, Prdx6 has been shown to be a powerful antioxidant enzyme, implicated in the pathogenesis of different NCDs. Recently, we described a phenotype of diabetes mellitus in Prdx6 knockout mice, suggesting a pivotal role of Prdx6 in the pathogenesis of cardiometabolic diseases. FUTURE DIRECTIONS Increasing awareness on the role of antioxidant defenses in the pathogenesis of NCDs may open novel therapeutic approaches to reduce the burden of this pandemic phenomenon. However, knowledge of the role of Prdx6 in NCD prevention and pathogenesis is still not clarified.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Pacifici
- 1 Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata , Rome, Italy
| | - David Della Morte
- 1 Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata , Rome, Italy .,2 Department of Human Sciences and Quality of Life Promotion, San Raffaele Roma Open University , Rome, Italy
| | - Barbara Capuani
- 1 Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata , Rome, Italy
| | - Donatella Pastore
- 1 Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata , Rome, Italy
| | - Alfonso Bellia
- 1 Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata , Rome, Italy .,3 Policlinico Tor Vergata Foundation, University Hospital , Rome, Italy
| | - Paolo Sbraccia
- 1 Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata , Rome, Italy .,3 Policlinico Tor Vergata Foundation, University Hospital , Rome, Italy
| | - Nicola Di Daniele
- 1 Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata , Rome, Italy .,3 Policlinico Tor Vergata Foundation, University Hospital , Rome, Italy
| | - Renato Lauro
- 1 Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata , Rome, Italy
| | - Davide Lauro
- 1 Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata , Rome, Italy .,3 Policlinico Tor Vergata Foundation, University Hospital , Rome, Italy
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10
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Canine Cutaneous Haemangiosarcoma: Biomarkers and Survival. J Comp Pathol 2019; 166:87-96. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcpa.2018.10.181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2018] [Revised: 10/19/2018] [Accepted: 10/29/2018] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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11
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Ryu DY, Kim KU, Kwon WS, Rahman MS, Khatun A, Pang MG. Peroxiredoxin activity is a major landmark of male fertility. Sci Rep 2017; 7:17174. [PMID: 29215052 PMCID: PMC5719347 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-17488-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2017] [Accepted: 11/28/2017] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Peroxiredoxins (PRDXs) are important antioxidant enzymes reported to have a role in sperm function and male fertility. However, how PRDXs affects male fertility remain fundamental unanswered questions. We therefore sought to investigate the role of these enzymes in sperm function and fertilisation. In this in vitro trial, mouse spermatozoa were incubated with different concentrations of conoidin A (1, 10, or 100 µM), a specific inhibitor of PRDXs. Our results demonstrated that inhibition of PRDXs by conoidin A significantly decreased the oxidized form of peroxiredoxins (PRDXs-SO3) in spermatozoa. Decreased PRDX activity was associated with a significant reduction in sperm motility parameters, viability, and intracellular ATP, whereas ROS levels, DNA fragmentation, and loss of mitochondrial membrane potential were increased. Simultaneously capacitation and the acrosome reaction were also significantly inhibited perhaps as a consequence of decreased tyrosine phosphorylation and protein kinase-A activity. In addition, fertilisation and early embryonic development were adversely affected following PRDXs inhibition in spermatozoa. Taken together, our data demonstrate that decreased PRDX activity directly affects male fertility due to negative effects on important functions and biochemical properties of spermatozoa, ultimately leading to poor fertilisation and embryonic development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Do-Yeal Ryu
- Department of Animal Science and Technology, Chung-Ang University, Anseong, Gyeonggi-do, 456-756, Republic of Korea
| | - Ki-Uk Kim
- Department of Animal Science and Technology, Chung-Ang University, Anseong, Gyeonggi-do, 456-756, Republic of Korea
| | - Woo-Sung Kwon
- Department of Animal Science and Technology, Chung-Ang University, Anseong, Gyeonggi-do, 456-756, Republic of Korea
| | - Md Saidur Rahman
- Department of Animal Science and Technology, Chung-Ang University, Anseong, Gyeonggi-do, 456-756, Republic of Korea
| | - Amena Khatun
- Department of Animal Science and Technology, Chung-Ang University, Anseong, Gyeonggi-do, 456-756, Republic of Korea
| | - Myung-Geol Pang
- Department of Animal Science and Technology, Chung-Ang University, Anseong, Gyeonggi-do, 456-756, Republic of Korea.
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