1
|
Bowen RC, Zhou AX, Bondalapati S, Lawyer TW, Snow KB, Evans PR, Bardsley T, McFarland M, Kliethermes M, Shi D, Mamalis CA, Greene T, Rudnisky CJ, Ambati BK. Comparative analysis of the safety and efficacy of intracameral cefuroxime, moxifloxacin and vancomycin at the end of cataract surgery: a meta-analysis. Br J Ophthalmol 2018; 102:1268-1276. [PMID: 29326317 DOI: 10.1136/bjophthalmol-2017-311051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2017] [Revised: 10/07/2017] [Accepted: 12/07/2017] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Current practice methods are unclear as to the most safe and effective prophylactic pharmacotherapy and method of delivery to reduce postoperative endophthalmitis occurrence. METHODS A systematic review and meta-analysis using Meta-analysis of Observational Studies in Epidemiology guidelines was performed to compare the efficacy of intracameral cefuroxime, moxifloxacin and vancomycin in preventing postphacoemulsification cataract surgery endophthalmitis. A safety analysis of intracameral antibiotics was concurrently performed. DATA SOURCES BIOSIS Previews, CINAHL, ClinicalTrials.gov, Cochrane Library, Dissertations & Theses, EMBASE, PubMed, ScienceDirect and Scopus were searched from inception to January 2017. Data were pooled using a random effects model. All articles were individually reviewed and data were extracted by two independent reviewers. Funnel plot, risk of bias and quality of evidence analyses were performed. RESULTS Seventeen studies with over 900 000 eyes were included, which favoured the use of intracameral antibiotics at the end of cataract surgery (OR 0.20; 95% CI 0.13 to 0.32; P<0.00001). The average weighted postoperative endophthalmitis incidence rates with intracameral cefuroxime, moxifloxacin and vancomycin were 0.0332%, 0.0153% and 0.0106%, respectively. Secondary analyses showed no difference in efficacy between intracameral plus topical antibiotics versus intracameral alone (P>0.3). Most studies had low to moderate risk of bias. The safety analysis showed minimal toxicity for moxifloxacin. Dosing errors led to the majority of toxicities with cefuroxime. Although rare, vancomycin was associated with toxic retinal events. CONCLUSION Intracameral cefuroxime and moxifloxacin reduced endophthalmitis rates compared with controls with minimal or no toxicity events at standard doses. Additionally, intracameral antibiotics alone may be as effective as intracameral plus topical antibiotics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Randy C Bowen
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Andrew Xingyu Zhou
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
| | | | - Thomas W Lawyer
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
| | - Karisa B Snow
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
| | - Patrick R Evans
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
| | - Tyler Bardsley
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
| | - Mary McFarland
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
| | | | - Dallas Shi
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
| | | | - Tom Greene
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
3
|
Povidone-iodine 3-minute exposure time is viable in preparation for cataract surgery. Eur J Ophthalmol 2017; 27:573-576. [PMID: 28430323 DOI: 10.5301/ejo.5000964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/13/2017] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Povidone-iodine (PI) is widely used to reduce the preoperative conjunctival bacterial load. This study aimed to evaluate the employment of PI 10% in an attempt to sterilize the ocular surface prior to cataract surgery, and to show that PI could be left in contact for 3 minutes. The viability of this exposure time in clinical practice, associated adverse events, and visual outcomes were documented. METHODS In this prospective cohort study, phacoemulsification cataract surgery was performed in 604 patients by a single surgeon. Preoperative preparation was undertaken with PI 10%, applied to the cornea, conjunctival sac, eyelids, and periorbital skin with sterile cotton gauze. Povidone-iodine was then flushed onto the ocular surface. Operating room staff timed the precise duration of exposure. After the 3-minute preparation, the lids were thoroughly dried with fresh dry gauze. RESULTS The median PI exposure time was 3.17 minutes, with an interquartile range of 0.25. All cases were followed up postoperatively at 1 day, 1 week, and 1 month. There were no complications attributable to PI. Visual outcomes were satisfactory. CONCLUSIONS Implementation of a preoperative prophylaxis protocol that used PI 10% with a 3-minute exposure time can be performed in clinical practice. The 3-minute exposure time had no adverse sequelae.
Collapse
|
4
|
Tan CSH, Goh AGW, Ngo WK, Lim LW, Fam HB. Safety of intracameral antibiotic use after cataract surgery. J Cataract Refract Surg 2014; 40:1940-1. [PMID: 25442899 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcrs.2014.09.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2014] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
|